英美文学作家及其作品
Edmund SpenserThe faerie Queene
Christopher Marlowe克利斯朵夫.马洛Tamburlaine/Dr.Faustus/The Jew of Malta
William Shakespeare威廉.莎士比亚Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth /Romeo and Juliet/Sonnet 18:shalli compare three to a summer's day
Francis Bacon弗兰西斯.培根The Advancement of Learning/Novum Organum /Of Studies
John Donne约翰.邓恩The Songs and Sonnets
George Herbertvirtue:sweet day, so cool,socalm,so bright
Ben John"Song-To Celia":drink to me only with thine eyes
Robert Herrick"To the Virgins,to Make Much of Time":gather ye rosebuds while ye may
John Milton约翰.弥尔顿Paradise Lost/Paradise Regained/Samson Agonistes
John Bunyan约翰.班扬The Pilgrim’s Progress《天路历程》
Jonathan Swift乔纳森.斯威夫特A Modest Proposal/Gulliver's Travels/A Tale of a Tub /The Battle of the Books
Alexander Pope 亚历山大.蒲伯An Essay on Criticism /The Rape of the Lock
Daniel Defoe丹尼尔.笛福Robinson Crusoe《鲁宾逊漂流记》
Henry Fielding亨利.费尔丁The History of Tom Jones,a Foundling/The History of Jonathan Wild the Great
Samuel Johnson塞缪尔.约翰逊A Dictionary of the English Language
Richard Brinsley Sheridan理查.比.谢立丹The Rivals /The School for Scandal
Thomas Gray托马斯.格雷“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”《写在教堂墓地的挽歌》Robert Burns罗伯特·彭斯A Red,RedRose:o,myluve's like a red,red rose
William Blake威廉布莱恩Marriage of Heaven and Hel/songs of Experience/Songs of Innocence;when my mother die i was very young
William Wordsworth威廉.华兹华斯Robert Southey and Coleridgeas the “Lake Poets”Lyrical Ballads.《抒情歌谣集》/The Prelude序曲/“i wondered londly as a Cloud
Samuel Taylor Coleridge塞.泰.科勒律治Kubla Khan/The Nightingale
George Gordon Byron乔治.戈登.拜伦Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage《恰尔德.哈罗德游记》Don Juan/"She Walks in Beauty"/"Song for the Luddites":as the libery lads o'er the sea
Percy Bysshe Shelley柏.比.雪莱“Ode to the West Wind”/Prometheus Unbound/Queen Mab/The Cenci/"A Song:'Men of England'"
John Keats约翰.济慈"Ode on Melancholy"/“Ode on a Grecian Urn”/“Ode to a Nightingale”/“Ode a Psyche”/ “To Autumn”:season of mists and mellow fruitfulness
Jane Austen 简.奥斯汀Sense and Sensibility/Pride and Prejudice/Emma/Persuasion / Mansfield Park
Charles Dickens查尔斯．狄更斯The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club /liver Twist/A tale of two Cities/ Great Expectations
Charlotte Bronte夏洛蒂.布朗蒂Jane Eyre
Emily Bronte艾米丽.布朗蒂Wuthering Heights
Anne Bronte安妮.布朗蒂Agnes Grey
Alfred Tennyson阿尔弗雷德.丁尼生Idylls of the King《国王诗歌集》
Thomas Hardy托马斯.哈代Jude the Obscure/Tess of the D’Urbervilles:her narrative ended George Bernard Shaw乔治·萧伯纳Widowers House /Mrs. Warren’s Profession/Caesar and Cleopatra/St. Joan/Back to Methuselah/Pygmalion卖花女
John Galsworthy约翰.高尔斯华绥The forsyte saga/The Man of Property/Form the Four winds
William Butler Yeats威廉.巴特勒.叶芝The Lake Lsle of Innisfree/The Wind Among the Reeds T.S.Eliot埃略特The Waste Land/The Four Quartets /“The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock James Joyce詹姆斯.乔伊斯Ulysses《尤利西斯》
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3910307464.html,wrence戴维.伯特.劳伦斯Sons and Lovers. /The Rainbow / Women in Love
William Golding威廉戈尔丁Lord of the Flies 蝇王
Samuel Beckett 赛缪尔·贝尔特Waiting for Godot等待戈多
Dylan Thomas狄兰·托马斯Death and Entrances死亡与出场
Ted Hughes特德·休斯Hawk in the Rain 雨中鹰
Seamus Heaney谢默斯·希尼Death of a Naturalist一位自然主义者之死
Washington Irving华盛顿.欧文The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon/Rip van Winkle
Edgar Allan Poe埃德加·坡The Goldbug/Muders in the Rue Morgue
Ralph Waldo Emerson拉尔夫.华尔多.爱默生Nature/The America Scholar/Walden
Nathaniel Hawthorne 纳萨尼尔。霍桑The Scarlet Letter
Herman Melville赫尔曼.麦尔维尔Moby-Dick
Walt Whitman华尔特.惠特曼Leaves of Grass/ “Song of Myself.”
O·Henry欧亨利The Four Million/The Gift of Magi/the cop and the anthem/the heart of the west
Henry James亨利.詹姆斯The Portrait of Lady
Theodore Dreiser西奥多.德莱塞Sister Carrie/An American tragedy
Robert Lee Frost罗伯特.弗洛斯特New Hampshire/Fire and Ice:some say the world will end in fire/The Road Not Taken/Stoppong by woods on a Snowy Evening
Ezra Pound埃兹拉.庞德The Cantos/In a Station of the Metro:the apparition of these faces in the crowd
William Carlos William威廉卡洛斯Paterson/A Red Wheelbarrow:so much depends
Langston Hughes兰斯顿·休斯"Dreams":hold fast to dreams
Ernest Hemingway欧内斯特.海明威A Farewell Arms、Whom the Bell Tolls /The Old Man and the Sea/The Sun Also Rises
F.Scott Fitzgerald司格特.菲兹杰拉德The Great Gatsby
William Faulkner威廉.福克纳The Sound and the Fury/The Fable/Light in August/Absalom, Absalam/ Go Down, Moses.
Epic:
A long narrative poem telling about the deeds of a great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated.
Sonnet十四行诗
A sonnet is a lyric consisting of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter restricted to a definition rhyme scheme.
Hemingway Hero
Men can be physically destroyed but never defeated spiritually.
Renaissance文艺复兴
The Renaissance, which means rebirth or revival, is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, such as the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture, the new discoveries in geography and astrology, the religious reformation and the economic expansion. Humanism人文主义
It emphasizes the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life. Humanists
voiced theirbeliefs that man was the center of the universe and man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of the present life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders.
Romanticism (浪漫主义):
1)a movement in literature, philosophy, music and art from late 18th century to early 19th century in Europe.
2)emphasized individual values and aspirations above those of society.
3)the characteristics of Romanticism:Passion / emotion, Individualism
Neoclassicism新古典主义
1) A revival of interest in the old classical works.
2）All forms of literature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek & Roman writers & those of the contemporary French ones.
3）The artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion & accuracy, & that literature should be judged in terms of its service to humanity. The enlighteners also advocated universal education.
4）They believed that human beings were limited, dualistic, imperfect and yet capable of rationality and perfection through education.
Hemingway Hero
Men can be physically destroyed but never defeated spiritually.
Modernism现代主义
It is a general term applied to the wide range of experimental trends in the literature of the early 20th century, including symbolism, imagism, stream of consciousness, etc.
Heroic couplet英雄偶句诗
It is a traditional form for English poetry, commonly used for epic and narrative poetry; it refers to poems constructed from a sequence of rhyming pairs of iambic pentameter lines. The rhyme is always masculine.
Byronic hero
It’s an idealized but flawed character exemplified in the life and writings of Lord Byron. Bildungsroman教育小说
It is a novel of growth or development, telling a story about a young person growing from innocence to experience and from immaturity to maturity.
Stream of consciousness:意识流
It is a narrative mode that seeks to portray an individual’s point of view by giving the written equivalent of the character’s thought processes, either in a loose interior monologue, or in connection to his or her actions.
Adventures of Huckleberry: “Huck”, a typical American can Boy whom its creator described as a boy with “a sound heart and a deformed conscience”. Through the eyes of Huck, the innocent and reluctant rebel, we see the pre-Civil War American society fully exposed and at the same time we are deeply impressed by Mark Twain’s thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization. The climax arises with Huck’s inner struggle on the Mississippi, when Huck is polarized by the two opposing and the laws of the society against those who help slaves escape. Hemingway once described the novel the one book from which “all modern American literature comes.” The profound portrait of Huckleberry Finn is another great contribution of the book to the legacy of American literature.
“The Great Gatsby” was a devastating portrait of the so-called American Dream, which measured success and love in terms of money. ----At the end of the story, Nick broods over Gatsby’s dream and decides to go back home to the West. Gatsby is a mythical figure whose intensity of dream partakes of a state of mind that embodies America itself. Gatsby’s failure magnifies to a great extent the end of the American Dream.
What is the literary characteristics of Neoclassicism
1)All forms of literature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek & Roman writers and those of the contemporary French ones.
2) Neoclassicists had some fixed laws &rules for almost every genre of literature, prose should be precise, direct, smooth & flexible. Poetry should be lyrical, epical, didactic, satiric or dramatic, & each class should be guided by its own principles.
3) Drama should be written in the Heroic Couplets (iambic pentameter rhymed in two lines); the three unities of time, space & action should be strictly observed; regularity in construction should be adhered to & type characters rather than individuals should be represented.
The literary characteristics of American modern literature.
(1)Theme: In general terms, much serious literature written from 1912 onwards attempted to convey a vision of social breakdown and moral decay and the writer's task was to develop techniques that could represent a break with the past. Thus, the defining formal characteristics of the modernistic works are discontinuity and fragmentation.
(2) Technical experimentation: An awareness of the irrational and the workings of the unconscious mind are pervasive in much modernistic writing. It rejected the traditional framework of narrative, description, and rational exposition in poetry and prose, in favor of a stream of consciousness presentation of personality, a dependence on the poetic image as the essential vehicle of aesthetic communication, and upon myth as a characteristic structural principle.
(3) Compared with earlier writings, modern American writings are notable for what they omit . Modern American writers in general emphasize the concrete sensory images or details as the direct conveyer of experience. They strive for directness, compression, and vividness and are sparing of words. Modern fiction prefer suggestiveness and tend to employ the first person narration or limit the reader to the "central consciousness" or one character's point of view. This limitation accorded with the modernistic vision that truth does not exist objectively but is the product of a personal interaction with reality. As a result, the effect of modern American writings is surprising, unsettling, and shocking.
The literary characteristics of the Realistic Period in American literature.
1. Guided by the principle of adhering to the truthful treatment of life, the realists touched upon various contemporary social and political issues.
2. In their works, they introduced industrial workers and farmers, ambitious businessmen and vagrants, prostitutes and unheroic soldiers as major characters in fiction.
3. They approached the harsh realities and pressures in the post-Civil War society either by a comprehensive picture of modern life in its various occupations, c1ass stratifications and manners, or by a psychological exploration of man's sub-consciousness.
4. The three dominant figures of the period are William Dean Howells, Mark Twain, and Henry
James. Together they brought to fulfillment native trends in the realistic portrayal of the landscape and social surfaces, brought to perfection the vernacular style, and explored and exploited the literary possibilities of the interior life.
What are the characteristics of Victorian literature?
1. As a product of its age, it naturally took on its quality of magnitude and diversity. It was many-sided and complex, and reflected romantically and realistically the great changes that were going on in people’s life and thought.
2. Victorian literature has the high-spirted vitality, the down-to-earth earnestness , the good-natured humor and unbounded imagination are all unprecedented.
What are the basic characteristics of Modernism in literature?
1. Modernism takes the irrational philosophy and the theory of psycho-analysis as its theoretical base. One characteristic of English Modernism is "the dehumanization of art".
2. The major themes of the modernist literature are the distorted, alienated and ill relationships between man and nature, man and society, man and man, and man and himself.
3. The modernist writers concentrate more on the private than on the public, more on the subjective than on the objective. They are mainly concerned with the inner being of an individual.
In their writings, the past, the present and the future are mingled together and exist at the same time in the consciousness of an individual.
The father of Englishpoety英国诗歌之父乔叟
The pioneer of English drama 马洛
The father of America short stories 华盛顿欧文
The father of America civilization 爱默生
The father of detective story推理小说坡
The father of modern American story 欧亨利
培根还是英国现代科学的奠基人
英国现实主义小说创始笛福
美国的莎士比亚Herman melville
Father of theEnglish novel Henry Fielding
Thomas Gray 谢绝poet laureateship
湖畔诗人：骚塞、华兹华斯、柯勒律治
挂冠诗人：Robert Southey、华兹华斯、Alfred Tennyson
诺贝尔：叶芝、T.S.Eliot
1. Sonnet 18 can be divided into four parts: three quatrains and a couplet. The first quatrain is from line 1 to line 4, the second from line 5 to line 8, and the third from line 9 to line 1
2. The couplet is the group of last two lines.
2. The rhyme scheme of Sonnet 18 is ABABCDCDEFEFGG.
3. Sonnet 18 is iambic pentameter.
1. Several kinds of rhetoric are used.
2. Old English use
The theme of Sonnet 18 is that love is the only thing that can conquer all the things in the world and the beauty is the immortal thing that can never be replaced.
The Renaissance Period
1.The early stage of the English Renaissance was one of imitation and assimilation.
2 Academies after the Italian type were founded.
3.The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance. And with humors of the moment, abstractions of philosophical speculati01L and intense vitality, this extraordinary drama, with Shakespeare as the master, left a monument of the Renaissance unrivaled for pure creative power by any other product of that epoch.
英美文学主要作家作品
英美文学主要作家作品 《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf）是英国盎格鲁?撒克逊时期的一首英雄史诗，古英语文学的最高成就，同时标志着英国文学的开始。史诗的第一部分讲述瑞典青年王子贝奥武甫来到丹麦，帮助丹麦国王赫罗斯加杀死了12年来常来进行夜袭的巨妖格伦德尔及他的母亲；第二部分简述了贝奥武甫继承王位，平安统治50年。后来，他的国土被一条喷火巨龙蹂躏，老当益壮的贝奥武甫与火龙交战，杀死火龙，自己也受了致命伤。 杰弗里?乔叟(Geoffrey Chaucer ，1340-1400)是英国文学之父亲和前最杰出的作家。主要作品有《坎特伯雷故事集》等。作品的主要特点是主题、题材、风格、笔调的多样性及描写人对生活的追求的复杂性。他的代表作品是《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales）不仅描绘了31位朝圣者的各个社会阶层，而且也反映了他们各自叙述故事的不同风格，读者广泛，对后世影响很大。 威廉?莎士比亚(William Shakespeare ，1564-1616)是文艺复兴时期英国著名的剧作家和诗人。他创作了大量的作品，其中包括喜剧、悲剧和历史剧。他的剧本至今仍在许多国家上演，并为人们所普遍阅读。莎上比亚的作品文才横溢，创造的喜、怒、哀、乐场面使人印象深刻，历久难忘。主要作品有四大悲剧：《奥赛罗》(Othello)、《哈姆雷特》（Hamlet）、《麦克白》(Macbeth),《李尔王》(King Lear)；四大喜剧：《仲夏夜之梦》(A Midsummer Night’s Dream)、《威尼斯商人》(The Merchant of Venice)、《无事生非》(Much Ado about Nothing)和《皆大欢喜》(As You Like It)等。此外，历史剧《亨利六世》(Henry VI)三部曲，爱情悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（Romeo and Juliet）也都很受欢迎。《哈姆雷特》叙述了丹麦王子哈姆雷特替父报仇，杀死篡夺王位的叔父的故事。《哈姆雷特》里“to be or not to be, that is the question”的成为经典台词。《罗密欧与朱丽叶》描写了一对青年男女因家族间的世仇而不能联姻结果自杀的故事，揭露了封建制度的残酷无情，同时，歌颂了青年男女纯洁坚贞的爱情。 济慈（Keats, 1795一1821）是英国浪漫主义诗人。他出身贫苦，作过医生的学徒，后来才以写诗为业。他对当时英国社会的现实不满，希望在一个“永恒的美的世界”中寻找安身立命之处。他的诗歌以文辞声调之美著称，在艺术上对后代的英国诗人影响很大。主要作品有《伊沙贝拉》(Isabella)、《夜莺颂》(Ode to a Nightingale)和《秋颂》(To Autumn)等。 雪莱（Shelley ，1792一 1822）是英国浪漫主义的重要诗人。他生于
英美文学流派整理
英美文学 玄学派：是指17世纪英国文坛出现的一个独特的诗歌流派。英国诗人约翰·邓恩是这个流派的代表人物，他因在诗歌中精妙地运用“奇喻”的比喻手法而蜚声文坛。它们往往以精致典雅的形式表现情感与观念的矛盾，把古典主义的性情与浪漫主义的风骨很好地融合到了一起。骑士文学盛行于西欧，反映了骑士阶层的生活理想。骑士精神和道德是上层社会的贵族文化精神，它是以个人身份的优越感为基础的道德与人格精神，但它也积淀这西欧民族远古尚武精神的某些积极因素。 三联剧：在古希腊悲剧创作中，有一类悲剧均由三部分组成，每部分即能独立存在，各部之间又有紧密联系。这种剧合则为一，分则为三，代表作家为埃斯库罗斯。 文艺复兴：是指13世纪末在意大利各城市兴起，以后扩展到西欧各国，于16世纪在欧洲盛行的一场思想文化运动，带来一段科学与艺术革命时期，揭开了近代欧洲历史的序幕，被认为是中古时代和近代的分界。 人文主义：是文艺复兴核心思想，是新兴资产阶级反封建的社会思潮，也是资产阶级人道主义的最初形式。它肯定人性和人的价值，要求享受人世的欢乐，要求人的个性解放和自由平等，推崇人的感性经验和理性思维。 七星诗社：是16世纪中期法国的一个文学团体，是由七位人文主义诗人组成的文学团体。他们中以龙沙和杜贝莱最著名。七星诗社的诗人们从事过各种创作，他们的诗声望很高，但他们的主要贡献却是对于法语改革的主张。 狂飙突进运动：是18世纪德国文学界的运动，是文艺形式从古典主义向浪漫主义过渡时的阶段，也可以说是幼稚时期的浪漫主义。但其中心代表人物是歌德和席勒，歌德的《少年维特的烦恼》是其典型代表作品，表达的是人类内心感情的冲突和奋进精神。 伤感主义：１８世纪后期欧洲资产阶级启蒙运动中的一种文艺思潮，也称为“主情主义”。该派的得名，源与英国作家斯特恩的小说《在法国和意大利的感伤的旅行》。该派作家崇尚感情，把感情看的高于“理性”，因而强调文学的主要任务是细致刻画任务的心理动态和描写人物的不幸遭遇，以便唤起读者在感情上的同情和共鸣，表达出对当时贵族阶级的理性主义和古典主义的反抗。伤感主义把个人主义和主观幻想的因素带进文艺，代表作家有英国的斯特恩，理查逊，法国的卢梭（如《忏悔录》《遐想录》），伏尔泰，德国的歌德，里希特，海涅等等。 “梅塘集团”是十九世纪法国文坛由以左拉为核心的六位作家组成的文学创作团体。因在巴黎郊外左拉的梅塘别墅为主要活动场所而得名。一八七O年开始的普法战争，法国战败，被
英美文学作家作品
British Writers and Works The Anglo-Saxon Period ●The Venerable Bede 比得673~735 ?Ecclesiastical History of the English People 英吉利人教会史 ●Alfred the Great 阿尔弗雷得大帝849~899 ?The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 盎格鲁—萨克逊编年史 The Late Medieval Ages ●William Langland 威廉·兰格伦1332~1400 ?Piers the Plowman 农夫比埃斯的梦 ●Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里·乔叟1340(?)~1400 ?The Books of the Duchess悼公爵夫人 ?Troilus and Criseyde特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德 ?The Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集 ?The House of Fame声誉之宫 ●Sir Thomas Malory托马斯·马洛里爵士1405~1471 ?Le Morte D’Arthur亚瑟王之死 The Renaissance ●Sir Philip Sydney菲利普·锡德尼爵士1554~1586 ?The School of Abuse诲淫的学校 ?Defense of Poesy诗辩 ●Edmund Spenser埃德蒙·斯宾塞1552~1599 ?The Shepherds Calendar牧人日历 ?Amoretti爱情小唱 ?Epithalamion婚后曲 ?Colin Clouts Come Home Againe柯林·克劳特回来了 ?Foure Hymnes四首赞美歌 ?The Faerie Queene仙后 ●Thomas More托马斯·莫尔1478~1535 ?Utopia乌托邦
英美文学作品选读试题5
英美文学作品选读试题 5 I. Find the items in the right column which fit the left column the best and write your letters in the blank.( 20 points in all, 2 for each) 1.Chaucer A. Mary Ann Evans 2.Hamlet B. The father of English poetry 3.Coleridge C. Jane Austen 4.The Waste Land D. T. S. Eliot 5.Theodore Dreiser E. John Milton 6.Carl Jung F. Collective Unconscious 7.self-reliance G. An American Tragedy 8.Greorge Eliot H. blood and thunder thrille 9.Pride and Prejudice I. Ralph Waldo Emerson 10.Paradise Lost J Lake Poet 1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ 6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. _______ 10.________ II. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase. (20 points in all, 2 for each) 1. In the field of literature, the Enlightenment Movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical works. This tendency is known as____________________________. 2. Swift is one of the greatest masters of English prose. He is almost unsurpassed in the writing of simple, direct, precise prose. He defined a good style as “____________________________.” 3. Wordsworth is regarded as a “_____________________.”He can penetrate to the heart of things and give the reader the very life of nature. 4._____________________ is the most distinguishing feature of Charles Dickens’ works. 5. In his long dramatic career, Shaw wrote more than _____________________ plays.
英美文学作家及作品
PART ONE: ENGLISH LITERATURE 英国文学 An Introduction to Old and Medieval English Literature Chapter 1 The Renaissance Period 文艺复兴时期 I. Edmund Spenser 埃蒙德.斯宾塞 牧人日记《The ShepheardesCalender》 仙后《The Faerie Queene》 婚曲《Epithalamion》 II. Christopher Marlowe 克里斯托夫.马洛 帖木儿-----Tamburlaine 浮士德博士的悲剧----Dr. Faustus 爱德华二世----Edward II 激情的牧人致心爱的姑娘---- The Passionate Shepherd to His Love III. William Shakespeare 威廉.莎士比亚 哈姆莱特---Hamlet 奥塞罗---Othello 李尔王—King Lear 麦克白--Macbeth 终成眷属---All’s Well That Ends Well 仲夏夜之梦—A Midsummer Night’s Dream 威尼斯商人---The Merchant of Venice 无事生非---Much Ado about Nothing 皆大欢喜---As You Like It 罗密欧和朱丽叶---Romeo and Juliet IV. Francis Bacon 弗兰西斯.培根 培根散文集---Essays 学术的进展---The Advancement of Learning 新工具----NovumOrganum 法律原理---Maxims of Law
英美文学 作家作品
Beowalf:the only organic whole poem to come out of the period. the first major English poem and the greatest work of literature of the period; the first long epic poem in Europe written in the vernacular language. (probably) the greatest epic left by the ancient Germanic tribes; The most ancient epic since the demise of the Greek and Roman literatures. Definition:A Ballad is a narrative poem that tells a story.(The Robin Hood Ballads) Chaucer:the founder of English poetry. Chaucer’s contribution to English poetry lies chiefly in the fact that he introduced from France the rhymed stanzas of various types, especially rhymed couplet of iambic pentametre to English poetry, instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse. He is the first great poet who wrote in the current English language. His production of so much excellent poetry was an important factor in establishing English as the literary language of the country. The significance of the The Canterbury T ales:1.it gives a comprehensive picture of Chaucer’s time2.the dramatic structure of the poem has been highly commended by critics .stories are cleverly woven together by links between the stories .stories are related to the personalities of the tellers3.Chaucer’s humour .Chaucer “the smyler with the knyf under the cloke”4.Chaucer’s contribution to the English language .He wrote in the London dialect to prove that English language is a beautiful language and can be handled to express different moods .Thus increased the prestige of eh English language. T omas More:Utopia. Edmund Spencer:The Shepherds Calendar/The Fairy Queen. Christopher Marlowe:The most prominent of the university wits. (Tamburlaine the Great/The tragic history of doctor Faustus) Francis Bacon:founder of English materialist philosophy. (Conciseness、Brevity、clearness、precision、Forcefulness) John Donne:the founder of the Metaphysical school of poetry.(The Flea). Comments on John Donne:1)In his life time, he exerted a measure of influence that none of his contemporaries ever dreamt of having.2)He was to Ben Johnson “the first poet f the world in some things”3)His poems are uneven in quality. John Milton:(Paradise Lost/Paradise Regained/Samson Agonistes.) God: somewhat ruthless and tynnical.Satan: The real hero of the poem. Satan represented the spirit of rebellion against unjust authority. Adam and Eve: embodying Milton’s belief in the powers of man.The Importance of John Milton:1) He was the third greatest English poet after Chaucer and Shakespeare, and the greatest to come out of the 17th century. He made a strong influence on the later English poetry. Every progressive English poet since Milton has drawn inspiration from him.2) He wrote the greatest epic in English literature.3) He was a master of the blank verse, first used blank verse in non-dramatic works. 4) H e was a great stylist, and famous for his grand style. John Bunyan: Puritan writer of prose.(The Pilgrim’s Progress(Allegory)) Jonathan Swift:(Gulliver’s Travels).Comments on Jonathan Swift:1)Swift is one of the realist writers. His realism is quite different from Defoe's. Defoe's stories are based upon the reality of human life, while Swift's come from imagination.2)Swift is a great satirist. His satire is apparent and powerful.3)Swift is one of the greatest masters of English prose. His language is simple, clear and vigorous. Daniel Defoe:The forerunner of English realistic novel.(Robinson Crusoe/Moll Flanders)
英美文学作家作品集合
杰弗里·乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer，1340年—1400年），英国中世纪著名作家，出生于一个酒商家庭。1359年随爱德华三世的部队远征法国，被法军俘虏，不久以黄金赎回。乔叟当过国王侍从，出使许多欧洲国家，两度访问意大利，发现了但丁、薄伽丘和彼特拉克的作品，对他的文学创作起了极大的作用。代表作：《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales）其他作品《公爵夫人之书》(Book of the Duchess)、《声誉之宫》(The House of Fame)、《百鸟会议》(The Parliament of Fowles)、《贤妇传说》(The Legend of Good Women)以及《特洛伊罗斯与克丽西达》(Troilus and Criseyde)。乔叟于1400年10月25日在伦敦逝世，葬于威斯敏斯特教堂里的“诗人之角”。乔叟的死因不明，可能是被谋杀，英国的中世纪研究专家特里·琼斯曾出了一本书《谁谋杀了乔叟？》。 乔叟率先采用伦敦方言写作，并创作“英雄双行体”，对英国民族语言和文学的发展影响极大，故被誉为“英国诗歌之父”。 艾德蒙·斯宾塞（1552-1599）毕业于剑桥大学，著名英国诗人，尤以十四行诗著称。在不少英国批评家眼中，斯宾塞是英国历史上最伟大的诗人之一，与其齐名的，仅莎士比亚、弥尔顿、华兹华斯等二三人而已。从一个外国读者的眼中来看，他的诗无疑是优美可诵的，例如他写的十四行诗，就不比莎士比亚逊色。可以爱情小唱（1595）第75首为例：有一天我把她的名字写在沙滩上，大浪冲来就把它洗掉。我把她的名字再一次写上，潮水又使我的辛苦成为徒劳。“妄想者，”她说，“何必空把心操，想叫一个必朽的人成为不朽！我知道我将腐烂如秋草，我的名字也将化为乌有。” “不会，”我说，“让卑劣者费尽计谋而仍归一死，你却会声名长存，因为我的诗笔会使你的品德永留，还会在天上书写你的荣名。[b]死亡虽能把全世界征服我们的爱却使生命不枯。”[/b] 其诗主要以优美清新而著称，如那句一再咏唱的sweet thames! run softly till i end my song!(甜美的河，轻轻流到歌罢)，除此之外，斯宾塞还有长篇名著，如《仙后》《牧童的日历》等 马洛(1564～1593) Marlowe，Christopher 英国诗人，剧作家。1564年3月6日生于坎特伯雷一富有鞋匠之家，1593年5月30日卒于伦敦附近的德特福德。1587年在剑桥大学获硕士学位。在伦敦期间曾与探险家、政治活动家罗利，剧作家查普曼，数学家哈里奥特等怀疑宗教者结成团体，人称黑夜派和无神论者。曾一度入狱。后被人刺死。马洛共写了7 部剧本，均属悲剧或带有悲剧意味的历史剧：《帖木儿》、《浮士德博士的悲剧》、《马耳他的犹太人》、《爱德华二世》、《迦太基女王狄多》和《巴黎的大屠杀》。后两剧可能是与剧作家纳什合作，时间不能确定。马洛革新了中世纪的戏剧，在舞台上创造了反映时代精神的巨人性格和``雄伟的诗行''，为莎士比亚的创作铺平了道路。 弗兰西斯培根（1561——1626）是一位英国文艺复兴的代表人物，他是杰出的哲学家，科学家及散文家。他通过持之以恒地用科学方法思考及依靠观察而非权威学说获取知识的态度成为现代科学的奠基人。他的《培根散文集》是英国文学中这一流派的典范，并被誉为英语散文发展的重要里程碑。他所运用的一些新鲜词汇还进入了英国文学传统。 "Of Studies"主要内容： 《论读书》<
英美文学史(作家及作品)
English Literature Geoffrey Chaucer: the Father of English Poetry the Founder of English Realism the Master of modern English language The pioneer of the English Renaissance Beowulf: National epic of the Anglo-Saxons The story of Beowulf is a folk legend which reflects the feature of the tribal world.
英美文学作家作品汇总 精品
英国文学作家作品British Writers and Works I. The Late Medieval Ages Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里?乔叟1340(?)~1400 ① The Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集 Troilus and Criseyde特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德 ② The House of Fame声誉之宫 The Books of the Duchess悼公爵夫人 II The Renaissance 1. Edmund Spenser埃德蒙?斯宾塞1552~1599 ①The Faerie Queene仙后 The Shepherds Calendar牧人日历 ② Amoretti爱情小唱 Epithalamion婚后曲 Colin Clouts Come Home Againe柯林?克劳特回来了 Foure Hymnes四首赞美歌 2. Thomas More托马斯?莫尔1478~1535 Utopia乌托邦 3. Francis Bacon弗兰西斯?培根1561~1626 Advancement of Learning学术的推进 Novum Organum新工具 Essays随笔 4. ben jonson Volpone, or the fox 5.Christopher Marlowe柯里斯托弗?马洛1564~1595 The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus浮士德博士的悲剧 Tamburlaine帖木耳大帝 The Jew of Malta马耳他的犹太人 6. William Shakespeare威廉?莎士比亚1564~1616 ⑴ the first period Henry IV Richard III The Comedy Of Errors Titus Andronicus The Taming Of The Shrew The Two Gentlemen Of The Verona Love’S Labour’S Lost Romeo And Juliet罗密欧与朱利叶 ⑵ the second period Richard II A Midsummer Night’S Dream King John Merchant Of Venice威尼斯商人 Henry IV亨利四世 Much Ado About Nothing Julius Caesar尤利乌斯?凯撒 As You Like It皆大欢喜 Twelfth Night ⑶ The Third Period Hamlet哈姆莱特 Othello奥赛罗 King Lear李尔王 Macbeth麦克白 Antony And Cleopatra安东尼与克里奥佩特拉 Troilus And Cressida Timon Of Athens ⑷ The Fourth Period Pericles Cymbeline
5分钟内记住英美文学教材上的所有主要作家
5分钟内记住英美文学教材上的所有主要作家 顺口溜里面包含了教材上所有提到的主要英美作家(附有作品节选的). 通过顺口溜, 不但可以很容易的记下这些作家, 而且其最大的优点是, 你还可以通过顺口溜的语句顺序, 确认他们属于哪个时期. 而这一点是相当重要的. 用它除了可以直接对付选择题外, 还可以对付后面的简答题及论述题. 因为, 在同一个时期内的作家, 虽然各有特色, 但有共性. 当考到要分析某位作家的创作风格或某件作品时, 尽管你可能对他没什么印象, 但你可将一些该作家所属的时期的特点糊弄一点上去, 再做些引申, 多少还是可以拿些分的. 当然, 前提是你必需对每个时期的风格特征熟悉. 事实上, 要通过英美文学, 记忆8个时期的文学特征最最基本的了. 再重申一下: 下面的顺口溜只是用来方便记忆, 帮助你较容易记住提纲挈领的一些内容, 由骨及肉, 因此而记住更多的内容, (我之前曾看过一位网友介绍他通过英美文学的经验, 主题大致就是要记住树干, 到树枝, 再到树叶. 他的话很有道理, 我基本上也是按他的原理做的. ), 除此再无他用. 因为是顺口溜, 顺口是第一位, 因此, 其中有些字看上去有些古怪, 有些牵强, 请不要太在意. 能记住就可以了. 上面五句为英国部分, 下面三句为美国部分. 邓恩撕马赔沙弥 蒲伯吹笛,约翰逊感谢一班来自非州的斯文格格 布来克华华叫, 科学家济兹跟澳雪说拜拜. 狄更斯爱喝不安宁的布丁. 萧高叶踢死老乔 华盛顿爱上惠霍的梅姑娘. 骑马在德来塞大战狄金森 罗伯特李只好以福克纳飞欧申奥. 要使用好上面的顺口溜, 前提是你对他们应该有一个大致的了解, 否则你会很难知道who is who了. 哈哈... 下面我将顺口溜中的字对应的人名加上, 供大家参考. 注意: 有些对应的是first name, 有些是last name, 有些则完全是为了顺口的需要而增加的, 无人名可对. 邓恩John Donne撕Edmund Spenser 马Christopher Marlowe 赔Francis Bacon 沙William Shakespeare 弥John Milton 蒲伯Alexander Pope 吹笛Daniel Defoe ,约翰逊Samuel Johnson 感谢Richard Binsley Sheridan 一班John Bunyan 来自非Henny Fielding 州的斯文Jonathan Swift 格格Thomas Gray 布来克William Blake 华华William Wordworth 叫, 科Samuel Tayler Coleridge 学家济兹John Keats 跟澳Jane Austen 雪Percy Bysshe Shelley 说拜拜George Gordon Byron. 狄更斯Charles Dickens 爱George Eliot 喝Thomas Hardy 不安宁Robert Browning 的布Bronte Sisters 丁Alfred Tennyson. 萧George Bernard Shaw 高John Galsworthy 叶William Butler Yeats 踢T.S. Eliot 死老D.H. Lawrence 乔James Joyce. 华盛顿Washington Irving 爱Ralph Waldo Emerson 上惠Walt Whitman 霍Nathaniel Hawthorne 的梅Herman Melville 姑娘. 骑马Mark Twain 在德来塞Theodore Dreiser 大战Henry James 狄金森Emily Dickinson. 罗伯特李Robert Lee Frost 只好以Ezra Pound 福克纳William Faulkner 飞F. Scott Fitzgerald 欧Ernest Hemingway 申奥Eugene O'Neill.
英美文学主要作家及其作品
☆英国文学名家名著 《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf ）是英国盎格鲁?撒克逊时期的一首英雄史诗，古英语文学的最高成就，同时标志着英国文学的开始。史诗的第一部分讲述瑞典青年王子贝奥武甫来到丹麦，帮助丹麦国王赫罗斯加杀死了12年来常来进行夜袭的巨妖格伦德尔及他的母亲；第二部分简述了贝奥武甫继承王位，平安统治50年。后来，他的国土被一条喷火巨龙蹂躏，老当益壮的贝奥武甫与火龙交战，杀死火龙，自己也受了致命伤。 杰弗里?乔叟(Geoffrey Chaucer ，1340-1400)是英国文学之父亲和前最杰出的作家。主要作品有《坎特伯雷故事集》等。作品的主要特点是主题、题材、风格、笔调的多样性及描写人对生活的追求的复杂性。他的代表作品是《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales ）不仅描绘了31位朝圣者的各个社会阶层，而且也反映了他们各自叙述故事的不同风格，读者广泛，对后世影响很大。 威廉?莎士比亚(William Shakespeare ，1564-1616)是文艺复兴时期英国著名的剧作家和诗人。他创作了大量的作品，其中包括喜剧、悲剧和历史剧。他的剧本至今仍在许多国家上演，并为人们所普遍阅读。莎上比亚的作品文才横溢，创造的喜、怒、哀、乐场面使人印象深刻，历久难忘。主要作品有四大悲剧：《奥赛罗》(Othello)、《哈姆雷特》（Hamlet ）、《麦克白》(Macbeth),《李尔王》(King Lear)；四大喜剧：《仲夏夜之梦》(A Midsummer Night’s Dream)、《威尼斯商人》(The Merchant of Venice)、《无事生非》(Much Ado about Nothing)和《皆大欢喜》(As You Like It)等。此外，历史剧《亨利六世》(Henry VI)三部曲，爱情悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（Romeo and Juliet ）也都很受欢迎。《哈姆雷特》叙述了丹麦王子哈姆雷特替父报仇，杀死篡夺王位的叔父的故事。《哈姆雷特》里 “to be or not to be, that is the question”的成为经典台词。《罗密欧与朱丽叶》描写了一对青年男女因家族间的世仇而不能联姻结果自杀的故事，揭露了封建制度的残酷无情，同时，歌颂了青年男女纯洁坚贞的爱情。 济慈（Keats, 1795一1821）是英国浪漫主义诗人。他出身贫苦，作过医生的学徒，后来才以写诗为业。他对当时英国社会的现实不满，希望在一个“永恒的美的世界”中寻找安身立命之处。他的诗歌以文辞声调之美著称，在艺术上对后代的英国诗人影响很大。主要作品有《伊沙贝拉》(Isabella)、《夜莺颂》(Ode to a Nightingale)和《秋颂》(To Autumn)等。 雪莱（Shelley ，1792一 1822）是英国浪漫主义的重要诗人。他生于贵族家庭。他既创作了富于政治思想性的诗，也写了很多优美的抒情诗，特别是爱情诗，显示了不羁的想象，瑰丽的色彩和动人的音韵，这些使他成为英国文学史上最有才华的抒情诗人之一。他的主要作品有《麦布女王》(Queen Mab)、《致英国人民之歌》(Song to the Men of England)、《解放了的普罗米修斯》(Prometheus Unbound)和《西风颂》(Ode to the West Wind)等。《西风颂》里的名句“冬天来了，春天还会远吗？”（If Winters comes,can spring be far behind ）成为妇幼皆知的诗文。 华兹华斯（Wordsworth ， 1770-1850），18-19世纪之交英国浪漫主义运动最伟大和最有影响的诗人。他和克勒律治（Samuel Taylor Coleridge ）、骚塞(Robert Southey)三人组成“湖畔派诗人(the Lake Poets)”其作品的主题是人与大自然的关系。1813年他
英美文学选读作家及作品参考
英国文学 ①上古及中世纪 民族史诗（The National epic）:[Beowulf] 乔叟(Geoffrey Chaucer): [The Canterbury Tales] [The Romaunt of the Rose] [The Legend of Good Women] [Troilus and Criseyde] ②文艺复兴时期 斯宾塞（Edmund Spenser）:[The Faerie Queene] 马洛(Christopher Marlowe): [Dr Faustus] [Tamburlaine] 莎士比亚(William Shakespeare): [HenryⅣ] [The Merchant of Venice] [Hamlet] [Othello] [King Lear] [Macbeth] [Romeo and Juliet] 培根（Francis Bacon）:
[Novum Organum] [Of Studies] 邓恩（John Donne）: [The Songs and Sonnets] [The Sun Rising] [Death, Be Not Proud] 弥尔顿（John Milton）: [Paradise Lost] [Paradise Regained] [Samson Agonistes] ③新古典主义时期 班扬（John Bunyan）:[The Pilgrim’s Progress] 蒲柏（Alexander Pope）: [An Essay on Criticism] [The Dunciad] [The Rape of the Lock] [An Essay on Man] 笛福（Daniel Defoe）:[Robinson Crusoe] 斯威夫特（Jonathan Swift）: [A Tale of a Tub] [The Battle of the Books] [The Drapier’s Letters]
英美文学作者作品
Epic: An Epic is a long narrative poem in elevated style presents characters of high relation to a central figure of heroic proportions and through their development of episodes important to the history of a nation or race. Ballad: A ballad is a story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas, with the 2nd and 4th rhymed. Romance: was a type of literature that was very popular in the Middle Ages.It was for the upper class and a long composition in verse or prose, about knights—adventures. Th subject matters is about the matter of Britain, the mater of France, the matter of Rome. Allegory: An allegory is a story or descriptionin which the characters and events symbolize some deeper underlying meaning, and serve to spread moral teaching. Humanism: Humanism refers to the literary culture in the Renaissance. In the Renaissance Period, scholars and educators who called themselves Humanist began to emphasize the capacities of the human mind and the achievements of human culture in contrast to the medieval emphasis on God and contempt for the things of this world. Sonnets: A sonnet is a short song in the original meaning of the word. Later it became a poem of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter with various rhyming schemes. Soliloquy: is a dramatic speech uttered by one character speaking aloud while alone on the stage. Renaissance: is a cultural movement（the 14th to the 17th century）, beginning in Florence, Italy in the Late Middle Ages and later spreading to the rest of Europe. 1.Goeffrey Chaucer ( 1340-1400) the father of English poetry The Book of Duchess《悼公爵夫人》, Troilus and Cryseyde, The Parliament of Fowls, The House of Fame, The Canterbury Tale 2. John Wycliff (1324-1384) Father of English prose Reform the church to away with the corruption and rottenness; translate Bible into standard English; maintain church must not interfere in temporal matters; fixes a national standard for English prose to replace various dialects. 3. William Langland (1330-1400) poet The Vision of Piers Plowman (takes form of allorgory but gives realistic picture of 14th century) The Fifteenth Century 4. Sir Thomas Malory poet Le Morte d'Arthur/The Death of Arthur Renaissance 5. Edmund Spenser “the poet’s poet”