英语语法和解析

1. ─What are you reading, Jane?

─Some books on _B_______ education, I’m now interested in ________ education of young people.

A. an; the

B. /; the

C. the; an

D. an；/

2. —You were out when I dropped in at your house yesterday.

—Oh, I___A_____ for a friend from Beijing at the railway station.

A. was waiting

B. had waited

C. am waiting

D. have waited

3. —Little Jim has been eating sweets all day.

—It’s no _D_______ he is not hungry

A. matter

B. doubt

C. problem

D. wonder

4. Comrade Wang _B_____ be in Shanghai—I saw him in the company only a few minutes ago.

A. mustn’t

B. can’t

C. may not

D. isn’t able to

5. It was not until I got home _A_______ I found my wallet missing.

A. that

B. when

C. where

D. which

6. The number of the people present at the concert __D______ much smaller than ex pected. There ________ many tickets left.

A. was; was

B. were; was

C. were; were

D. was; were

7. ____A____ you stepped into the lab with your shoes on? You’re supposed to take them off before you enter it. I told you so!

A. How come

B. How dare

C. How about

D. How long8

8. They made no effort to hide their amusement _D_______ I produced a packet of sweets from my pocket.

A. however

B. whatever

C. whichever

D. whenever

9. _B_______ her work has been good, but this essay is dreadful

A. In a word

B. In general

C. In particular

D. In total

10. She returned home from the office, only _C_______ the door open and somethin

g missing.

A. finding

B. to be found

C. to find

D. found

11. We should __A______ ourselves assiduously and faithfully to the duties of our pr ofession.

A. devote

B. spend

C. offer

D. provide

12. The Anti- Japanese War __A______ in 1937 and it ________ eight years.

A. broke out; lasted

B. broke out; was lasted

C. was broken out; lasted

D. was broken out; was lasted

13. When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main buil ding _A_______others were waiting on the airfield.

A. during

B. where

C. which

D. while

14. ____B____ is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China.

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. Which

15. —Let’s go to the zoo this Sunday, OK?

—__A______. I love to see all kinds of animals.

A. I couldn’t agree more

B. I’m afraid not

C. I believe not

D. I don’t think so

【答案与解析】

1. B。第一个education 意为“教育；教育学”，为不可数名词，因此不用冠词；而第二个education 表示特指，意为“年轻人的教育”，因此用定冠词，故答案为B。

2. A。根据上句中的时间状语的提示可知谓语动词是指过去某时正在发生的事情，因此用过去进行时态，故答案为A。

3. D。上句“小吉姆整天在吃糖果”是“他不饿”的原因，因此答案为D。no wonder 意为―难怪，不足为怪。‖

4. B。情态动词must 表推测时只能用于肯定句。在否定句中用can’t代替must。c an’t 意为“不可能”；may not 意为“可能不”；be able to 表示经过努力或克服了困难之

后做成了某事的能力，意为“能，会”。句中的破折号起解释说明的作用。“我几分钟前在公司见过他”，因此“不可能在上海”，故答案为B。

5. A。强调句的基本结构由“It is / was +被强调部分+ that / who + 句子其余部分”组成，如果被强调的是人用that 或who；其他用that。句意为：到了家我才发现我的钱包不见了。

6. D。the number of 修饰可数名词复数作主语时，后面的谓语动词用单数形式；Ther

e be 必须与后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。tickets 为复数名词，因此用were。故答案为D。

7. A。how come 意为“怎么”；how dare 意为“怎敢”；how about 意为“怎麽样”；how long 意为“多久”。根据语境“怎么穿着鞋进了实验室？进来之前你该脱掉。我早告诉过你”可知答案为A。

8. D。此题考查whenever 引导的时间状语从句。句意为―每当我从衣袋里拿出一包糖果的时候，他们毫不掩饰他们觉得好笑‖。

9. B。in a word 意为“总之”；in general 意为“一般地；大体上；通常”；in parti cular 意为“特别”；in total 意为“整个地；总共”。根据句意“总的说来，她的作品不错，不过这篇文章糟透了”答案为B。

10. C。作结果状语时，不定式常表示没有预料到的情况或结果，即预料之外；而分词常表示一种自然而然的结果，即预料之中。根据语境“发现门开着，有东西丢了”是他没想到的，因此可知应用不定式。又因句子的主语he 与动词find是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用主动语态，因此答案为C(https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3d11103236.html,)。

11. A。devote…to 为习惯用语，意为―把……献给；把……专用于‖。句意为―我们应当勤奋地而且忠诚地献身于我们的职责。‖

12. A。break out 和last 都是不及物动词，都不能用于被动语态，因此答案为A。句意为“抗日战争1937 年爆发，持续了八年。‖

13. D。while 作并列连词，表示对比或相反的情况，意为“而、却”。句意为“当飞机抵达时,一部分侦探等在主楼里面，而另一部分则等在停机坪上。‖

14. B。as 和which 引导非限定性定语从句，都可以指整个句子，有时可以通用。但

as 引导的非限定性定语从句可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。which 只能放在句中。句意为―周所周知，台湾是中国的一部分。‖

15. A。上句提出建议“我们周日去动物园好吗？”根据答语中的后句“我喜欢看各种

动物”可知是表示赞成对方的建议，故答案为A。意为―我非常赞成。‖

有关名词用法的15道考题

1.The commander said that two_B_______ would be sent to the Iraqi front the next day.

A.women’s doctor

B.women doctors

C.women’s doctors

D.women doctor

2.―Look! The police C________ here to keep order! Go away quickly,‖ one of them shouted.

A.is coming

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3d11103236.html,es

C.are coming

D.has come

3.She could not speak English, but made her wishes known by means of A_____.

A.signs

B.sighs

C.movements

D.words

4.In my opinion, what he told us just now about the affair simply doesn’t make any _C____.

A.idea

B.meaning

C.sense

D.point

5.Shelly had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sur

e o

f passin

g it on her first _B____.

A.intention

B.attempt

C.purpose

D.desire

6.___C_____ food is kept in his new cave, but at last Saddam was still arrested.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3d11103236.html,rge quantities of

B.A great deal of

C.A large number of

D.Quite a few

7.––Let’s try operating the machine right now.

––Wait. Better read the _A____first.

A.instructions

B.explanations

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3d11103236.html,rmation

D.introduction

8.The rest of the magazines________ within half an hour.

A.is sold out

B.was sold out

C.were sold out

D.are sold out

9.You’d have more _____of catching the train if you took a bus to the station inste

ad of walking.

A.opportunity

B.chance

C.time

D.energy

10.The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses________ much if people leave things________ they are.

A.doesn’t change; as

B.aren’t changed; like

C.don’t change; like

D.don’t change; as

11.I knew I shouldn’t accept anything from such a person, but I found it difficult to turn down his _____.

A.offer

B.suggestion

C.request

D.plan

12.________it is to gather with President Bush at such a special Thanksgiving Day in Iraq!

A.what a fun

B.what fun

C.how fun

D.what joy

13.Oh., John________ you gave us!

A.How a great surprise

B.how pleasant surprise

C.what a pleasant surprise

D.what pleasant surprise

14 He is________ as a leader but he hasn’t________ in teaching.

A.success; many experiences

B.a success; much experience

C.great success; an experience

D.a great success; a lot of experiences

15 —Who did you spend last weekend with?

—________.

A.Palmer’s

B.The Palmers’

C.The Palmers

D.The Palmer’s

【模拟解析】

1.B。复合名词的复数中含有构词成分man / woman时，将变为men / women, 且所修饰的名词也要变成复数。

2.C。特殊类群体名词police / cattle 做主语时，谓语动词用复数；“警察”个体用p oliceman / policewoman；牛的个体用a head of cattle。

3.A。signs指“手势”，还可用our expressions和gesture等body movements来表达思想。sigh意为“叹息”，words与前半句矛盾。

4.C。make sense是习语，意为“有道理”、“意义清楚”。

5.B。比较：attempt=尝试，企图；intention=意图；purpose=目的；desire=欲望。

6.B。记住：a large / great / good quantity / amount of +复数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；large / great / good quantities / amounts of +复数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用复数。

7.A。instructions说明书(常用复数)，explanation解释、说明。

8.C。Most of / Half of / Part of / part of +名作主语,谓语与of后面的名词保持一致。本题中magazines是可数名词复数，故谓语动词用复数。

9.B。表示“机会”时，opportunity和chance两者均可；但表示“可能性”时，只能用chance。

10.A。The number of + 名词复数，谓语常用单数；A.number of + 名词复数，谓语常用复数。

11.A。表示主动提供的东西，用offer。

12.B。抽象名词表泛指时一般不与冠词连用。

13.C。抽象名词有前置或后置修饰语时，前面用不定冠词，使之具体化; 如：A.happ y life / a good education in that university / a wide knowledge of nature

14.B。表具有某种特性、状态、特点、情感、情緒的人和事;如：She is a success in cause but a failure in marriage.(成功者、失败者)

15.C。表示Palmer一家人，指一家人时常用the +姓氏的复数

英语冠词训练题

1.Which city in England do you think may be called _______ Shanghai of _______ West?

A.a; the

B.the;不填

C.the; the

D.不填; the

2.Dr. Smith wants ________ assistant with ________ good knowledge of English.

A.the; the

B.an; the

C.an; a

D.

不填; 不填

3.—What does her uncle do?

—He is a professor of ________ university and he is ________ honest man.

A.the；an

B.a；a

C.an；an

D.a；an

4.You made the same mistake for _____second time, dropping _____ ―n‖ in the wor

d ―government‖.

A.a; the

B.a; a

C.the; an

D.a; an

5.It’s quite obvious that the aging population in China will cause _____heavy pressu re on _____whole society in the future.

A.a; a

B.the; 不填

C.a; the

D.不填; the

6.The poet and ________ writer is going to give us a talk this afternoon.

A.a

B.the

C.不填

D.an

7.Her husband was put into________ prison, and she had to go to________ prison o nce a month to visit him.

A.a; the

B.the; the

C.不填; 不填

D.不填; the

8.Wu Dong is________ taller of________ two brothers.

A.不填; the

B.the; 不填

C.不填; 不填

D.the; the

9 The teacher is standing ________ of the teacher’s table, which is ________ of the classroom.

A.in front; in front

B.in front; in the front

C.in the front; in the front

D.in the front; in front

10.I am in ________ charge of the class which was in ________ charge of my wif

e.

A.不填; the

B.不填; 不填

C.the; 不填

D.the; the

11.The warmth of________ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of ___ _____ wool used.

A.the; the

B.the; 不填

C.不填; the

D.不填; 不填

12.As _____rule, apples are sold by _____weight and eggs by _____dozen.

A.a; 不填; the

B.a; the; the

C.a; a; the

D.the;不填;不填

13.In________ winter of 1990, he went abroad on ________ business.

A.不填; 不填

B.the; 不填

C.the; the

D.the ;a

14.—Judging from _____number of the cars, there are not many people in the club.

—I think so. People would rather stay at home in such _____bad weather.

A.the; 不填

B.a; 不填

C.the; a

D.a; a

15.The sign reads, ―In case of ________ fire, break the glass and push ________ re

d button.‖

A.不填; a

B.不填; the

C.the; the

D.a; a

【模拟解析】

1.C。the West (西方、西洋)是固定搭配；指类似于…的人或物时，专有名词前用冠词，而Shanghai又受of the West修饰，所以用the。

2.C。第一空an 用于以元音音素开头的词前；第二空泛指有英语知识的人。

3.D。不定冠词a 用于以辅音音素开头的词前（指发音而不是字母），如：a universi ty；而an 用于以元音音素开头的词前，如an uncle / an honest man.

4.D。第一空是序数词前用a表示“又一”；辅音字母n, f, h, l, m, n, r, s, x和元音字母a, e, i, o的读音，均以元音开头，所以第二空填an。

5.C。第一空是泛指用a, a heavy pressure意为“一种很大的压力”；当whole修饰单数名词表示“全(部的), 整个的”时，前面用one’s或the，又如the whole evening / truth

整个晚上/ 全部真相。

6.C。and 并列的是同一事物同一人同一概念时，其后面的名词前不用冠词。

7.D。比较：put into prison=坐牢；go to the prison=去监狱。

8.D。“the +形容词比较级+of the two +名词复数”结构表示：两者中较怎样的一个。

9.B。in front of=在……前面（指范围之外）；in the front of=在……前部（指范围之内）。

10.A。in charge of 的意思是“负责”、“管理”，其主语通常是人；in the charge of 的意思是“由……负责或管理”，其主语通常是物。

11.B。第一空特指毛衣暖和程度，用定冠词；第二空后的名词表示织毛衣用的羊毛，属泛指，故不用冠词。

12.A。as a rule(通常地)是固定词组；在度量名词前，表示付工资、卖、租等方式时，用the，又如paid by the hour / day / month / piece, sold by the yard / dozen / ton，比较by weight(按重量)。

13.B。如果表示季节、月份的名词被一个限制性定语修饰，其前就得加定冠词；而o n business 是固定搭配，中间不用冠词。

14.A。the number of “…的数量”；weather与fun, news, advice, information等均为不可数名词，无论什么情况，都不可直接与a连用。

15.B。fire 为“火灾”，不确指，用零冠词；而red button 指sign上的红按钮，故为特指，用定冠词

英语连词专项小练（有解析）

1.—Would you like to come to dinner tonight?

—I’d like to, _______ I’m too busy.

A.and

B.to

C.as

D.but

2.She set out soon after dark _______ home an hour later.

A.arriving

B.to arrive

C.having arrived

D.and arrived

3.She thought I was talking about her daughter, _______, in fact, I was talking abo ut my daughter.

A.whom

B.Where

C.which

D.while

4.Would you like a cup of coffee _______ shall we get down to business right awa y?

A.and

B.then

C.or

D.otherwise

5.Excuse me for breaking in, _______ I have some news for you.

A.so

B.and

C.but

D.yet

6.We are going to the bookstore in John’s car. You can come with us ____ you ca n meet us there later.

A.but

B.and

C.or

D.then

7.They were surprised that a child should work out the problem _______ they thems elves couldn’t.

A.once

B.then

C.while

D.if

8.My name is Robert, _______ most of my friends call me Bob for short.

A.then

B.instead

C.however

D.but

9.One more week, _______ we’ll complete the task.

A.or

B.so that

C.and

D.if

10.He was about to tell me the secret _______ someone patted him on the shoulder.

A.as

B.until

C.while

D.when

11.The changes in the city will cost quite a lot, _______ they will save us money i n the long run.

A.or

B.since

C.for

D.but

12.—Would you like to come to the dinner party here on Saturday?

—Thank you. I’d love to, _______ I’ll be out of town at the weekend.

A.because

B.and

C.so

D.but

13.We were swimming in the lake _______ suddenly the storm started.

A.when

B.while

C.until

D.before

14.The shop doesn't open until 11 a.m., _______ it loses a lot of business.

A.for

B.or

C.but

D.so

●答案与解析●

1.D。“想去”与“太忙”是转折关系，用but。

2.D。出发和到达是两个先后发生的动作，用and 连接作并列谓语。用A表示同时发生，不对；选项C 指“到达”在“出发”之前发生，不可能；B 表示目的，不合情理。

3.D。while 用以表示对比或相反的情况，意为“而、却”。

4.C。or 连接两个一般疑问句，表示选择，意为“还是”。

5.C。but 用在Excuse me 或I’m sorry 等后面，只起缓和语气的作用，通常不必译出。

6.C。or 表选择，意为“或者”。

7.C。while(而、却)表示转折。句意为：令他们吃惊的是，一个孩子居然能解决这个难题，而他们自己却不能。

8.D。but 表示转折。句意为：我的名字叫罗勃特，但我的大多数朋友都简称我为鲍勃。

9.C。此题依然是考查“祈使句+and/then/or+陈述句”这一句型，只是祈使句部分是用一个名词短语来表示的。

10.D。…was / were about to do sth…when…是个常用句型，表示某人正要做某事，就在这时(突然)发生另外一件事。句意为：他正要告诉我这个秘密，这时，有人拍了拍他的肩膀。

11.D。cost quite a lot 和save us money 在意义上有转折关系，用but。句意是“改变这个城市的面貌要花很多钱，但从长远的观点看这些变化可以为我们省钱。”in the long run 是“从长远看、终究”之意。

12.D。“想去”与“出城去而不能参加宴会”是转折关系，用but。

13.A。when表示在某动作发生的过程中，突然发生另外一动作，通常译为“这时(突然)”。

14.D。前后两句为因果关系。

几道非谓语动词作状语易错考题分析

张昊

1.He walked in, _________ a book in his hand, went to a table near the window a nd sat down in silence.

A.carrying

B. carried

C.to carry

D.having carried

【解析】答案选A。此题考查分词作状语的用法。首先不定式表示目的和将来可以排除；having done强调动作的完成，不符合题意，只剩下A和B，这是一个并列句，句中有三个谓语动词walked in, went to 和sat down。句中的carrying a book in his hand是现在分词，用作状语，修饰walked in，表伴随。

提醒：此题易错选B。

2. __________for many years, the novelist suddenly became famous.

A. having ignored

B.Having been ignored

C.to have been ignored

D.to be ign ored

【解析】正确答案为B。此题考查分词作状语。因ignored和the novelist是动宾关系，而不是主谓关系，即“被忽视”，故可排除表主动意义的A。至于C和D，首先可排除D，因为它是不定式的一般式，表示将来意义，与句意不符；而C是不定式的完成式，一般不作时间状语。

3.__________ to the consumers, more and more advertisers are using images of pop stars in their ads.

A.Appealed

B.to appealed

C.appealing

D.to be ap pealed

【解析】正确答案为B，考查不定式的用法。首先可以排除A和D，因为appeal是不及物动词，不能用过去分词表被动，从句意来看，题目想表达的是为了吸引消费者，不定式作目的状语，而现在分词一般情况下不能表目的，所以选B。

4.—What’s the matter with you?

—_______ the heavy suitcase, my waist was hurt unexpectedly.

A.Having carried

B.Carried

C.While carrying

D. While I was carrying

【解析】正确答案为D，考查非谓语动词的逻辑主语。一般说来，非谓语动词的逻辑主

语需要和主句主语一致，此题中，主句的主语是my waist，而非谓语动词的逻辑主语是I，所以不能用非谓语动词，只能用状语从句，所以选D。

5.________with enough instruments necessary for the experiment, these scientists are expecting to finish it ahead of time.

A. To be supplied

B.to supplied

C.supplying

D.supplied

【解析】正确答案为D，考查非谓语动词作状语。这句话的主语是scientists，与非谓语动词supply是动宾关系，也就是被提供，因此排除了B和C，不定式作状语表示将来和目

的，与题意不符，所以选D。

英语冠词典型考题讲练

1.Tom owns________ larger collection of________ books than any other student i n our class.

A.the; 不填

B.a; 不填

C.a; the

D.不填; the

2.For a long time they walked without saying________ word. Jim was the first to break________ silence.

A.the; a

B.a; the

C.a; 不填

D.the; 不填

3.When he left________ college, he got a job as________ reporter in a newspaper office.

A.不填；a

B.不填；the

C.a ; the

D.the ; the

4.If you buy more than ten, they knock 20 pence off________ .

A.a price

B.price

C.the price

D.prices

5.________ on-going division between English-speaking Canadians and French-speaki ng Canadians is________ major concern of the country.

A.The; 不填

B.The; a

C.An; the

D.An; 不填

6.The Wilsons live in________ A-shaped house near the coast. It is ________ 17t

h century cottage.

A.the , /

B.an, the

C./, the

D.an, a

7.When you come here for your holiday next time, don’t go to________ hotel; I c an find you________ bed in my flat.

A.the; a

B.the; 不填

C.a; the

D.a; 不填

8.When you finish reading this book, you will have________ better understanding o f________ life.

A.a, the

B.the, a

C./, the

D.a, /

9.It is________ world of wonders________ world where anything can happen.

A.a, the

B.a, a

C.the, a

D.不填, 不填

10.The most important thing about cotton in history is________ part that it played in________ Industrial Revolution.

A.不填；不填

B.the；不填

C.the; the

D.a; the

11.While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope, Newton made_______ _ discover which completely changed________ man’s understanding of colour.

A.a…不填

B.a…the

C.不填…the

D.the…a

12.—I’d like________ information about the management of your hotel, please.

—Well, you could have________ word with the manager. He might be helpful.

A.some, a

B.an, some

C.some, some

D.an, a

13.Many people agree that________ knowledge of English is a must in________ i nternational trade today.

A.a; /

B.the; an

C.the; the

D./；the

14.—Have you seen________ pen? I left it here this morning.

—Is it________ black one? I think I saw it somewhere(https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3d11103236.html,).

A.a; the

B.the; the

C.the; a

D.a; a

15.Paper money was in________ use in China when Marco Polo visited the countr y in________ thirteenth century.

A.the; 不填

B.the; the

C.不填; the

D.不填; 不填

16.Most animals have little connection with________ animals of________ different kind unless they kill them for food.

A.the; a

B.不填; a

C.the; the

D.不填; the

17.Jumping out of________ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite________ exciting experience.

A.不填, the

B.不填, an

C.an, an

D.the, the

18.The sign reads “In case of________ fire, break the glass and press________ r ed button. ”

A./ ; a

B./ ; the

C.the; the

D.a; a

19.On________ news today, there were________ reports of heavy snow in that are

a.

A.the; the

B.the; 不填

C.不填；不填

D.不填；the

【答案解析】

1.B. 因为collection (收藏品，收集物) 是可数名词，此处为单数，又不是特指，所以用不定冠词；books是名词复数表示种类，而非特指，所以不用冠词。又如：a fine collecti on of paintings精美的绘画收藏品。

2.B. word (话、话语) 是可数名词，without saying a word意为“没说一句话”；虽然s ilence (沉默)是不可数名词，但此处是特指前面提到的那种沉默，所以用the。

3.A. 因为school, college, university, hospital, prison, church, table, bed名词等指其用途时，不用冠词。leave college意为“大学毕业”。又因为表示职业或身份的单数名词前通常要用不定冠词，所以选A。

4.C. price前加定冠词表特指。句意为“如果你买10个以上，他们会从那个价钱中减掉20便士”。

5.B. 因为division后有介词短语between…and…的限制，这是特指的，所以要用the。又因为concern作“所关切的事”解是可数名词，所以前面要用冠词。

6.D. 因为house和cottage都是可数名词，且都不是特指，所以都用不定冠词。句意是“威尔逊一家住在大海附近的一栋A形房子里，那是一座17世纪建的别墅”。

7.A. 从next time可知，对方这次住了旅馆，第一空的hotel就是特指这个旅馆，所以用the；第二空的单数可数名词bed不是特指的，所以用不定冠词。句意是：你下次来这里度假，就不要到这旅馆来住了，我在我的公寓里帮你弄张床。

8.D. 虽然understanding是不可数名词，但作“了解、理解”解时，却常常要加不定冠词(尤其是当其前有形容词修饰时)，排除B和C。又因为life作“生活、人生”解，是不可数名词，不是特指，不用冠词。have a better understanding of life指“对生活有更深刻的理解”。

9.B. 虽然通常说the world，但world有定语修饰时，表示“一个…的世界”时，要用不定冠词。题中两个world都有定语修饰，后者是前者的同位语，所以两个都用不定冠词。句意是：这是一个奇妙的世界，一个什么事都有可能发生的世界。

10.C. 因part后面有一定语从句修饰，是特指，用the；又因为“工业革命”是由普通名词构成的专有名词，所以前面也要用the。

11.A. 因为discovery作“被发现的事物”讲是可数名词，前面用不定冠词，又如，make an important discovery scientific discovery (作出重大的科学发现)。man作“人、人类”解，是既没有复数形式，也不能在前面加冠词的，understanding前又受名词所有格man’s修饰，也不能用冠词，所以第二空不用冠词。

12.A。information 是不可数名词，前面不用冠词，因此排除B 和D；have a word with是固定短语，意为“和某人谈一下”。句意为“我想请你帮我看一下旅馆的管理材料”。“好的，你可以和饭店经理谈，他会帮你的”。

13.A。此题考查不定冠词和不用冠词的情况。抽象名词knowledge前加不定冠词a使其具体化，a knowledge of English意为“懂英语”；而international trade是泛指，意为“国际贸易”，前面不用冠词。句意为“很多人认为懂英语是当今国际贸易所必需的”。

14.D。此题在特定语境中考查不定冠词的用法。第一句句意为“你看见一支钢笔吗？”

是泛指，用不定冠词。第二空“是黑色的吗？”不是二次提及上文的钢笔，也是泛指，故也用不定冠词。

15.C。(be) in use是固定词组,意为“在使用中”；第二空是序数词前要加定冠词，the t hirteenth century 指第13世纪。句意为“十三世纪马可波罗访问中国时，中国已用纸币”。

16.B。animals 是名词复数表示泛指，不用冠词；kind是单数可数名词，of…kind“…种类的”。根据句意“多数动物与另一类的动物没有关系，除非它们以其为食”。可指应用a表示泛指。

17.C。句意为“从一万英尺高的飞机里跳出来是一次非常激动人心的经历”。airplane表泛指，以元音开头用an；experience当“经历”讲时是可数名词，因此表示“一次经历”要加不定冠词。

18.B。fire泛指“火灾,失火”，不用冠词；red button 是特指，第二空用the。句意为“那块牌子上写着：“万一失火，打碎这块玻璃，按那个红色按钮”。

19.B。第一空用the表示特指“今日的新闻”；第二空reports是复数名词表泛指，不加

冠词。句意为“在今天的新闻中有关于那个地区的大雪的报道”。

英语基础语法训练题（有解析）

1. ―May I borrow your paper?‖ ― ________.‖

A. By all means

B. Never mind

C. You are welcome

D. Don’t mention it

2. This bird is really lovely, and I’ve never seen ________ one.

A. a finer

B. a finest

C. the finer

D. the finest

3. Since there’s no more work to do, we might just ________ go home.

A. so well

B. as well

C. so good

D. as good

4. He made ________ known to his friends t hat he didn’t want to enter politics.

A. that

B. it

C. himself

D. him

5. That car nearly hit me; I ________.

A. might be killed

B. might have been killed

C. may be killed

D. may been killed

6. ―Have you ever eaten snails?‖ ―No, and I hope I ________.‖

A. will never

B. never will

C. have never

D. never have

7. She wrote a famous book, and so ________ a place in history.

A. winning

B. to win

C. to have won

D. won

8. I’ll have to change my clothes before I go out —I don’t want ________ like this.

A. to see

B. seeing

C. to be seen

D. being seen

9. We make sure we’re always well stocked up with candles, just ________.

A. in case

B. for certain

C. in practice

D. for use

10. It’s hard to rescue drowning people b ecause they ________ so much.

A. sink

B. swim

C. jump

D. struggle

11. It has been raining for a day, but even though it hadn’t rained, we ________ the re by tomorrow.

A. can’t get

B. won’t get

C. hadn’t got

D. wouldn’t get

12. The little time we have together we try ________ wisely.

A. spending it

B. to spend it

C. to spend

D. spending that

13. You should put on the notices ________ all the people may see them.

A. where

B. in which

C. at

D. for them

14. She took her son, ran out of the house, ________ him in the car and drove quic kly to the nearest doctor’s office.

A. put

B. to put

C. putting

D. having put

15. The old house, in front of ________ there is an apple tree, is ________ I used t o live.

A. that, the place

B. it, the place

C. which, where

D. what, where

【答案及解析】

1. A。by all means 表示同意，意为―完全可以‖。

2. A。I’ve never seen a finer one 的实际意思是This is the finest one I’ve ever see n。

3. B。might just as well (后接动词原形)的意思是―不如……‖或―还是……的好‖。

4. B。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是that he didn’t want to enter politi cs。

5. B。表示过去可能发生而实际上未发生的事，用might+动词完成式。若只是推测过去可能的事，则可用may [might] + 动词完成式，如He may [might] have gone. 他可能已经走了。

6. B。根据句意，填空处应用将来时态(实为将来时态的省略式)；另外注意，频度副词本来通常置于助动词之后，但是若省略主要动词，即当频度副词和助动词置于句末时，应将频度副词置于助动词之前。

7. D。and so won a place…可视为and so he won a place…之省略。

8. C。want 表示“想要”时，其后通常接不定式，又由于主语与see 之间含有被动关系，故用被动式。

9. A。in case 在此表示―以防万一‖。

10. D。由句意和常识推知。

11. A。we can’t get there by tomorrow 为客观事实，故宜用陈述语气。

12. C。该句的正常词序为We try to spend the little time we have together wisely.

13. A。where 指―在……的地方‖，用以引导地点状语从句。

14. A。句中四个动词为并列谓语，应时态一致(https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3d11103236.html,)。

15. C。第一空应填which，in front of which there is an apple tree 为修饰the old h ouse 的非限制性定语从句；第二空填where，用以引导表语从句。

典型定语从句易错题详解

■The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.

A. which was

B. it was

C. which were

D. them were

【易错】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语。

【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由―介词+which‖引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：

(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.

A. which is

B. it is

C. which are

D. them are

(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.

A. which are

B. it is

C. which is

D. them are

(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants wh ere we can have Chinese food.

A. which are

B. it is

C. which is

D. them are

■A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, ―Is there a hospital around ___ ___ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?‖

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. what

【易错】容易误选B，认为around 是介词，选which 用以代替前面的名词hospital，在此用作介词around 的宾语。

【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选C 的理由是：句中的around 不是介词，而是副词，意为―在附近‖；其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？

■ _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. What

【易错】容易误选A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。

【分析】最佳答案是B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题：

_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every mo nth.

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. What

此题答案选A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that 从句。

再比较下面一组题，其中第(1)题选B，第(2)题选D：

(1) ______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increa sing.

A. Which

B. As

C. That

D. It

(2) ______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is in creasing.

A. Which

B. As

C. That

D. It

■ David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.

A. that

B. who

C. as

D. whom

【易错】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的that，便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。

【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that … (如此……以至……)结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入such … that …，句末的动词like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词boy，同时as 在定语从句中用作动词like 的宾语，句意为―所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩‖。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词a s 来引导，而不用that。比较下面一题，答案为A，因为like 后有自己的宾语him：David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.

A. that

B. who

C. as

D. whom

请再做以下试题（答案选D）：

It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.

A. like

B. that

C. which

D. as

■ The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crow d.

A. that

B. it

C. them

D. which

【易错】容易误选C，用them 代指the buses。

【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰the buses。类似地，以下各题也选D：

(1) His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.

A. that

B. it

英语语法习题及解析

高考英语语法练习题精选 1. --Hello, this is . A. How are you? B. Will you come tonight? C. Can I take a mesage? D. Is that Mike? 2. Tom suggested that we __________such a meeting, but Jenny insisted that it _________of great importance. A. not hold ; should be B. didn't hold ; be C. hold ; was D. not hold ; was 3. You should take the medicine after you read the __________. A. lines B. instructions C. words D. suggestions 4. --Hi, Tracy, you look tired. --I am tired. I__________ the living-room all day. A. painted B. have been painting C. had painted D. have painted 5. I'm sorry. I _____________ you__________ to me. A. don't know; are speaking B. don't know ;were speaking C. didn't know; were speaking D. didn't know; are speaking 6. "Please __________why you're so late," said his girlfriend. A. excuse B. explain C. apologize D. tell 7. The rescue team made every __________ to find the missing mountain climber.

经典英语语法讲解解析

三天搞定英语语法 英语语法分为两个部分。一个部分是词法，即词的构成和词的使用规律。另一个部分是句法，即句子的组成和句子的使用方法。 英语语法的特点可以用三句话来表示：1、每个词都有词性；2、每句话都有动词(实意动词或系动词)；3、每句话都必须符合五个基本句型。 三句话用一句话来说，就是，标出句中每一个单词的词性，找出句中所有动词，并标出其种类和相应的句子成分。理解，掌握，运用好这句话，按照一：词性；二：动词种类；三：动词相对应的句子成分；四：从句；五：非谓语动词方法就能透彻理解英语语法体系。 词的分类 词类又叫词性，英语单词根据其在句子中的功能，可以分成十个大类。 词类词义英语名称缩写形式例词中译 noun n. student 学生 1、名词表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名 称。 2、代词主要用来代替名词。pronoun pron. you 你 3、形容词表示人或事物的性质或特征。adjective adj. happy 高兴的 4、数词表示数目或事物的顺序。numeral num. three 三 5、动词表示动作或状态。verb v. cut 砍、割 adverb adv. quickly 迅速地 6、副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时 间、地点、程度等。 7、冠词用在名词前,帮助说明名词。article art. a 一个 preposition prep. at 在... 8、介词表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句 子成分的关系。 9、连词用来连接词、短语或句子。conjunction conj. and 和 10、感叹词表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。interjection interj. Oh 哦 词性的分类: 修饰: 形容数冠代词名词 （red）（one）（a/the）（my）wood 1.名词 代替: 代词it 形容词the red 数词one

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3. 一般过去时 （1）表示过去已经发生的事情,通常用“last …上一个…, just now刚才, a moment ago刚才，yesterday昨天”等词。 （2） be 动词的过去式: am/is—was are—were （3）过去式基本结构

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