三维设计人教高中英语必修三 Unit 2 Healthy eating

三维设计人教高中英语必修三 Unit 2 Healthy eating

第一部分 单元知识突破

【话题类文悦读】

Are you healthy? Do you hope to keep fit? Follow some rules, and you can get healthier.

你健康吗？你希望保持健康吗？遵循一些原则，你就能更加健康。

Nowadays more and more people are

concerned about their health. But how to

keep healthy ？Different people may give different answers to this question. In my opinion ，essential to do the following.

First ，it is absolutely necessary to take some

exercise every day. Research shows that getting plenty of exercise make the heart beat faster

and the lungs work harder. strengthens the heart ，reduces the chance of

heart attack ，and helps lower blood pressure. That's why more and more people are becoming active in various kinds of sports and exercises. Every morning many people get up early and take much exercise. Some practice shadowboxing(

打太极) and swordplay (舞剑) while others run jog ，

walk or dance to music. In the afternoon ，

keen on sports. Some play basketball or volleyball or table tennis ，go in for gymnastics or track events.

Through sports and exercise ，people become healthier and stronger.

Medical researchers have proved that what people eat affects their health. They advise people to eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat such as

beef and pork because meat contains more fat than poultry(禽类)and fish. Fat can build up in the arteries (动脉)，block the flow of

blood ，and cause a heart attack or stroke(中风).

Getting rid of bad habits like smoking and drinking alcohol is also an important way to keep healthy. Smoking and drinking alcohol injure one's health a great deal ，and therefore should be given up. Unfortunately few people follow this advice.

If people follow these three ways of keeping fit ，they greatly improve their health.

【词汇积累】

1. be concerned about 担心

2. essential adj . 必要的

3. strengthen vt .增强，加强

4. jog vi.慢跑

5. keen on 喜爱，热衷于

6. go in for 参与，从事；追求

Section I Warming Up & Reading —— Pre-reading

Step1 Pre-reading Ⅰ.Please match the words with their proper meanings

1. diet A. 好奇心

2. fry B. 折扣

3. slim C. 生的，未加工的

4. balance D. 缺点；虚弱；弱点

5. curiosity E. 日常饮食；节食

6. hostess F. 强项；长处；力量

7. raw G. 变细；减肥；苗条的

8. lie H. 顾客；消费者

9. customer I. 油煎；油炸

10. discount J. 平衡；权衡；天平 11. weakness K. 说谎 ; 谎话；谎言 12. strength L. 女主人；女主持人

答案：1-E; 2-I; 3-G; 4-J; 5-A; 6-L; 7-C; 8-K; 9-H;

10-B; 11-D; 12-F

Ⅱ.Write down the Chinese meaning of the words in bold (黑体)in the following sentences

1. If we want to keep fit, we should have a balanced diet (平衡的饮食).

2. We ought to (应该) follow the school rules when we are in the school.

3. You must cut down on sugar to lose weight (减肥).

4. If you cheat in the exam, you’ll never get away with (

被放过

)it.

5. My mother and dad teach me never to tell a lie (说谎).

6. It ’s very hard to win back (赢回)their trust on him.

Ⅲ. Background Introduction & Lead-in

Look at the following pictures of Festivals around the world and try to write down their English names

(1) These foods are energy-giving foods

①noodles ②rice ③bread

④ nuts ⑤chocolate ⑥potatoes

(2)These foods are body-building foods

①meat ②eggs ③cheese ④milk ⑤tofu

(3) These foods are protective food

①vegetables ②bean ③ pea ④ cumumber

⑤eggplants ⑥pappers ⑦mushrooms ⑧apples

⑨peaches ⑩oranges ?lemons

2. Read the passage carefully and choose a best

answer for the following questions.

(1)What did Wang Peng think of the food in his

restaurant?

A. Very bad.

B. Popular.

C. Unpopular.

D. Just so-so.

(2)What did Wang Peng do after he saw his friend Li

Chang hurrying by?

A. He just sat in his restaurant felling frustrated.

B. He did some research.

C. He followed Li Chang to see why he didn’t eat with

him.

D. He began to advertise his food.

(3)What can we learn from Wang Peng’s research in

the library?

A. Wang Peng’s restaurant offered a balanced diet.

B. Yong Hui’s restaurant offered a balanced diet.

C. Both of the restaurants offered a balanced diet.

D. Neither of the restaurants offered a healthy diet.

(4)To win his customers back, Wang Peng didn’t ___.

A. improve his food.

B. advertise his food.

C. do some research.

D. find the shortcomings of Yong Hui’s food.

(5)According to the passage, we can infer that a

balanced diet should contain ___.

A. much fat that can give energy

B. no fat but rich fibers to keep fit

C. only raw vegetables, fruits and water to keep slim

D. enough energy-giving food, fibered food as well

答案：(1)B(2)C(3)D(4)A (5) D

III. Study- reading

Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.

1. Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.

[句式分析]

if

Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang

was not coming to eat in his restaurant

did. as

[尝试翻译]

要是李昌不像往常一样到他的餐馆吃饭，那么一定

发生了什么严重的事情。

2. I’ll help you lose weight and be fit in two weeks if

you eat here every day.

[句式分析]

主干句

I’ll help you lose weight and be fit in two weeks

if 引导的条件状语从句

[尝试翻译]

你是要每天来这儿用餐，我将帮你在两周内既瘦了

身又能健康。

3. At the library Wang Peng surprised to find that his

restaurant served far too much fat and Yong Hui’s far

too little.

[句式分析]

地点状语主干句不定式作原因状语

At the library Wang Peng surprised to find that his

略了served) far too little.

[尝试翻译]

在图书馆，王鹏惊奇地发现，他的餐馆提供的食物

脂肪大多，而雍慧的餐馆所提供的太少。

4. Even though here customers might get thin after

eating Yong Hui’s food, they were not eating enough

energy-giving food to keep them fit!

[句式分析]

Even though here customers might get thin after

eating Yong Hui’s food, they were not eating enough

to keep them fit!

不定式作目的状语

[尝试翻译]

即使雍慧的顾客吃了她的食物会变瘦，但是她们吃

不到足够的能提供能量的食物来使他们保持健康。Step 3 Post-reading

Fill in the blanks according to the text and recite

Wang Peng felt 1.frustrated in his empty restaurant

because no 2. customers have come to his restaurant

ever since he got up early in the morning. He wanted

to find out why. He hurried out and 3. followed Li

Chang into a newly-opened restaurant. He found that

the owner named Yong Hui was serving 4.slimming

food to make people thin. Driven by 5.curiosity, Wang

Peng came forward to take a close look at the menu

He could not even believed his eyes. He was 6.

amazed at what he saw. He hurried outside and went

to the library to do some 7.research. After a lot of

reading, he 8.realized that Yong Hui’s food made

people become 9.tired quickly because it was no

energy-giving food. Arriving home Wang Peng

rewrote his own https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3711785368.html,petition between the

two restaurants was on!

Section II Warming Up & Reading —Language Points

【词汇集释板块】

第一步学前自检—识记会写是前提

Ｉ.必记单词.

(I)基础单词（根据首字母或汉语提示写出正确的英

语单词）

1. Everyone needs to have a healthy diet (饮食) and

regular exercise to keep healthy.

2. It's not everybody who can keep as cool as a

cucumber (黄瓜)in an emergency

3. Scientific experiments indicate eggplant (茄子)

is rich in Vitamin P.

4. What room has no walls, no doors, no windows,

and no floors? A mushroom(蘑菇).

5. Dry bread at home is better than roast (烤制

的)meat abroad.

6. My favourite teacher is a pretty and slim (苗条

的)lady.

7. Don't eat raw (生的)meat and eggs, because there

are a lot of virus in them.

8. Though I believe in telling the truth, I think a white lie (谎言) is sometimes good.

9. This company is our regular customer(顾客).

10. I bought a pair of sneakers at a 30 % discount(折扣).

(II)拓展单词（根据提示写出下列单词的适当形式）1. balance vt.平衡；权衡；n.天平；平衡→balanced adj.平衡的

2. fry vt.&vi.油煎，油炸→fried adj.油炸的

3. curious adj.好奇的→curiosity n.好奇心

4. host n.主人；主持人；v.主持，主力→hostess n.女主人，女主持人

5. weak adj.虚弱的→weakness n.虚弱，缺点

6. strong adj.强壮的→strength n.强项，长处；力量II.必背短语

(I)根据汉语提示写出英语短语

1. balanced diet 平衡饮食

2. ought to 应该

3. lose weight 减肥

4. get away with 被放过，(做坏事)不受惩罚

5. tell a lie 说谎

6. even though 即使

7. with a discount 打折

8. win...back 把……赢回来

(II)选用以上短语填空(其中有两项是多余的)

1. I tried losing weight, but nothing worked.

2. He would rather tell the truth than tell a lie.

3. Those who lie and cheat will never get away with it.

4. The team finally won the championship back after two decades.

5. Everything ought to be beautiful in a human being: face, and dress, and soul, and ideas.

6. Even though you only have the shadow of yourself with you，don't forget to smile to yourself.

第二步师生共研—理解掌握是根本

1.【教材P9原句】Everybody had to eat, but do you eat a healthy diet? 每个人都得吃饭，但是你的饮食健康吗？

●diet n.日常饮食；vi.节食

【用法】

He is on a diet to reduce some weight.

他正在节食以减轻体重。

Her sister wants to lose weight, so she goes on a diet 她的妹妹想减肥，所以她节食。

Most of us have dieted at some time in our lives.

我们大多数人都曾在人生的某个时期为减肥而节食过。

[自主归纳]

be/go on a diet 节食；减肥

[自填助记]

①Too many sweet foods will make you fat.

②You'd better have a light diet.

[语境串记]

The sick man can’t go without food, but he must have a diet without sugar. 这个病人不能不吃东西，但必须吃不含糖的食物。【文化连接】中西方的饮食差异

西方是一种理性饮食观念。不论食物的色、香、味、形如何，而营养一定要得到保证，讲究一天要摄取多少热量、维生素、蛋白质等等。即便口味千篇一律，也一定要吃下去——因为有营养。从洛杉矶到纽约，牛排都只有一种味道，西方人认为菜肴是充饥的，所以专吃大块肉、整块鸡等“硬菜”

中国的菜肴是“吃味”的。民间有句俗话：“民以食为天，食以味为先”

。就是这种对美味的追求，使我们忽略了吃饭的真正意义。中国人的传统饮食

习俗是以植物性食料为主。主食是五谷，辅食是蔬菜，外加少量肉食。他们视动物为“生灵”，而植物则“无灵”，所以，主张素食主义。

2.【教材P9原句】What will happen to you if you don’t eat a balanced diet?如果你的饮食不均衡，你将会怎样呢？

●balance n.平衡；天平vt.平衡，权衡

【记法】

[形象记忆]

平衡天平

【用法】

Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your balance you must keep moving.

人生就像骑自行车,为了保持平衡,你必须不断地向前进。

The little girl ran so fast that she lost her balance and fell.

小女孩跑得如此快以至于她失去平衡，摔倒了。Try to keep a balance between work and relaxation. 尽量保持工作与休闲的平衡。

You have to balance the advantages of living in a big city against/with/and the disadvantages.

你必须权衡住在大城市的利与弊。

[自主归纳]

①keep one’s balance 保持平衡

②lose one’s balance 失去平衡

③keep a balance between A and B

保持A与B间的平衡

④balance sth. against/with/and sth. 权衡某物与某物[word family]

balanced adj.平衡的

[语境串记]

When he first learned to skate, he didn’t know how to balance himself. But now he has learned to keep himself balanced while skating. 最初学习滑冰时，他不知道如何使自己保持平衡。可是，现在他已经学会了滑冰时如何使自己保持平衡。

3.【教材P10原句】By now his restaurant ought to be full of people. 到了这个时候，他的餐厅本应该是宾客盈门的。

●ought to 应当，应该

【用法】

我们不应该坐在这里无事事。(责任或义务)

You ought to learn how to be patient.

你应当学习怎样有耐心。(劝告)

He ought to succeed if everything goes all right.

如果一切顺利的话，他应该会成功的。(推测) Everything ought to be beautiful in a human being: face, and dress, and soul, and ideas. (期望)

人的一切：面貌,衣着,心灵和思想,都应该是美好的。[名师点津]

(1)ought to是情态动词，它没有人称、数和时态的变化。当表示“过去”的概念时，常用ought to have done结构。如：He ought to have worked harder. 他应该更加努力地工作。

(2)ought to的否定式是oughtn’t to。该词在用法上可与should互换。只不过should语气较为委婉，多含主观意愿。

4.【教材P10原句】Want to lose weight? 想变瘦吗？

●lose weight 减轻体重；变瘦，减肥

一些人戒烟后体重确实会增加。

He has put on weight during the last two months.

他上两个月里体重增加了。

Bananas are usually sold by weight.

香蕉通常按重量卖.

[word family]

weigh vt.&vi.称重;权衡；重……

[名师点津]

weight 是抽象名词；lose weight短语中不含冠词。

5.【教材P10原句】Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside. 好奇心驱使王鹏走了进去。

●curiosity 好奇心；好奇

【记法】

[联想记忆]

curiosity=cu(化学元素Cu铜)+ rio (Rio:巴西城市里约的简称)+sity (谐音：city城市)：Cu先生对里约

这个城市充满了“好奇心”。

on me in/with curiosity.我抬起头看见她的眼睛好奇地望着我。She asked the question out of curiosity.

她出于好奇提出了这个问题。

[word family]

curious adj.好奇的；奇特的

curiously adv.好奇地

[语境串记]

He was curious to know how that old clock worked, so he took it apart with curiosity and examined it curiously. 他好奇地想知道那个老钟表是如何工作的，因此，他好奇地把它拆开了并好奇地研究起来。

6.【教材P10原句】He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!. 他不可能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚！

●get away with 被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚

【用法】

Naturally we won't let them get away with this. 很自然, 我们不会就这样放过他们。 You can't get away with lying every time! 你不可能每次撒谎都不受惩罚的。 [自主归纳]

get away with sth./doing sth. 因(做)某事被放过或不受惩罚 [word family]

get down 下来，下车；使沮丧

get down to sth./doing sth. 开始认真做某事 get over 克服(困难等)；从……中恢复过来 get in 插话；进入；收获 get out 出去；离开；泄露 get across 越过；使理解 ●tell lies(=tell a lie) 说谎

所有这些男孩谈论他们的冒险经历时都没说实话。 I don’t like the people who always tell a lie. 我不喜欢总是撒谎的人。

Sometimes it ’s better to tell a white lie than to tell someone a painful truth.

有时告诉一个病人真实的情况还不如给他一个善意的谎言。

I ’m so sorry. I shouldn ’t have lied to you. 非常对不起，我不该对你说谎的。

The Rocky Mountains lie in the west part of America. 落基山脉位于美国西部。

The boy lying under the tree lied to his mother that the hen laid two eggs at a time. 那个躺在树下的小男孩对他母亲撒谎说那个母鸡一次下了两个鸡蛋。 7.【教材P10原句】Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back .

也许打点折、写个新的招牌能够帮他赢回顾客

●discount n.折扣 vt.打折扣; 贴现 【记法】 [联想记忆]

discount=dis(不)+count (计算):对商品的价钱不全计算，“打折”优惠。 【用法】

现金付款，他们给予九折优惠。

I bought the coat at a discount of 60%. 我以四折的价格买了这件外套。

They are selling everything at a discount . 他们的所有商品正在打折销售。

The store discounted all clothing for sale. 该店的服装全部减价出售。 [名师点津]

注意“打九折”的英语正确表达法为10% discount 或者10% off 。

●win...back 赢回…… 【用法】

He had a strong desire to win back his father's love and confidence.

他强烈希望能重新赢得他父亲对他的爱和信任。 The teacher won his students ’ respect back and founded more close relationship with them.

老师重又赢回了学生的尊敬，并与学生建立了更密切的关系。 [名师点津]

win back 的宾语是代词时，只能放在win 和back 的中间；若其宾语是名词，则放在中间或后面均可。 8.【教材P10原句】The strength of the diet in Wang Peng ’s restaurant was that it provided plenty of energy-giving food. 王鹏餐馆里的饭菜的优点占提供含有足够热量的食物。

●strength n.强项，长处；力量 【记法】 [联想记忆]

strength=st(St.圣人)+ren(谐音：人)+g(谐音：哥)+th(音/ /：死):圣人这个人的哥哥不怕死，这是他的“强项和长处”。 【用法】

Unity is strength. (格言) 团结就是力量。 1,500-meter race is his strength . 一千五百米赛跑是他的强项。

Everyone has strengths and weaknesses.

每个人都有长处和短处。

[自填助记]

①Our monitor has so much energy that he takes active part in many social activities.

②They pushed the big rock aside with all their strength. ③The electric power was cut off for two days due to a storm.

④Nowadays, the navy has become a most important force of our country.

[word family]

strong adj.强壮的；strengthen vt.使加强；使强壮[语境串记]

The young man looks strong, but he has no strength to lift the heavy box. He needs to strengthen his body on. 这个年轻人看上去很结实，但是他却没有力气提起这个重箱子。他需要继续强壮他的身体。

【联想】

[联想发散] 与strength和strong的词形变化类似的一组词是？

long adj.长的→length n.长度

第三步学后体验——活学活用是目标

Ⅰ.单频考点练习

(1) 用所给词的适当形式填空

①A balanced (balance) diet and regular physical activity will help you feel better.

②French-fried (fry) potatoes are considered unhealthy food.

③Some people prefer the mutton roasted (roast) over the fire in summer.

④Chinese slimming tea can help you lose weight easily

⑤He gave in to curiosity (curious) and opened the letter addressed to his sister.

⑥The minute the shopping mall opens, the customers (custom) came crowding in.

⑦We all have weaknesses (weak) and strengths —no matter who we are.

⑧If you want to keep slim, protective (protect) food is your best choice.

(2) 根据汉语提示完成句子

①请别给我加糖,我现在正按照规定节食。

No sugar for me, please. I am going on a diet.

②我发现在结冰的路上走时很难保持平衡。

I find it hard to keep my balance on the icy path.

③你的试卷太脏了。你不应该写得如此粗心。Your paper is so dirty. You oughtn’t to have written so carelessly.

④没人能打碎了玻璃而不受罚的。

No one can get away with breaking the window.

⑤这个犯人凭诚实和努力赢回了人们对他的尊敬. The prisoner won the respect of the public back by his honesty and hard working.

⑥最后,我以七折的价钱买了一双运动鞋。Finally, I bought a pair of sneakers at a 30% discount.

⑦事实证明小男孩没有撒谎。

It is proved that the little boy hasn’t told lies.

这个小男孩出于好奇把这个玩具拆了，想看看它是⑧如何工作的，但是他却无法把它安装起来了。The little boy，out of curiosity，took apart the toy to see how it worked but couldn’t put it together. (3).单项填空

1. Mary is a girl of great ___. She takes an interest in everything.

A. concern

B. purpose

C. curiosity

D. strength 解析：选C。考查名词。句意：玛丽是个极具好奇心的女孩，她对一切都感兴趣。根据题干的第二句，可知选C。curiosity好奇心; concern关心；purpose 目的；strength力量；力气；长项。

2. As we all know, no one is perfect, and everyone has his own ____.

A. mistakes

B. weaknesses

C. strengths

D. belief

解析：选B。考查名词辨析。句意：我们都知道，人无完人；任何人都有他自己的缺点。weakness缺点，弱点。

3. Health experts have already clarified what green vegetables are fit__ and what are not.

A. to be eaten in raw

B. to eat raw

C. to be eaten raw

D. to eat rawly

解析：选B。考查不定式作补语和形容词作状语的用法。句意：健康专家们已经证明什么样的绿色蔬菜适合生吃，什么样的不能生吃。动词不定式用来描述事物本身的性质特征时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。raw是形容词，它修饰并说明vegetables 的状态,而不是修饰动词eat。rawly生疏地，不成熟地，不合题意。

4. —Shall I go and buy more fruit for the party? —No, I have already bought a lot. That___ be enough.

A. ought n’t to

B. ought to

C. may

D. need 解析：选B。考查情态动词。—我可以去多买些聚会吃的水果吗？—不用，我已经买了很多了，那应该够用的了。ought to表示按某种道理应该如何。

7. In order to ___ his father’s trust and support, the boy student gave up smoking and began to study harder.

A. take back

B. win back

C. get back

D. bring back

解析：选B。考查动词辨析。句意：为了赢回他父亲的信任与支持，这名男学生戒了烟并开始努力学习了。

5. I hate the idea of going on ___ diet to lose weight; I prefer taking __ exercise.

A. a; the

B. the; /

C. the; the

D. a; /

解析：选D。考查冠词。句意：我不喜欢节食来减肥这个想法，我喜欢锻炼来减肥。on a diet节食；take exercise锻炼,这两个都是固定搭配。

6. If you don’t know what their shortcomings are，your chances of overcoming them are very________. A．slim B．optimistic C．distant D．obvious

解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。句意为：如果你不知道他们的缺点是什么，那么你战胜他们的可能性就会很小。slim小的，少的；optimistic乐观的；distant 遥远的，疏远的；obvious明显的，显然的。

Ⅱ.多频考点练习

易混点练习

1. balance“多棱镜”

(1)完成句子

①我觉得在冰滑小道上走路要保持身体平衡是相当困难的.

I found it hard to keep my balance on the icy path.

②小女孩失去了平衡,从自行车上摔了下来.

The girl lost her balance and fell off the bike.

③我们须权衡他的优缺点。

We must balance his good qualities against his faults ④It is very hard for parents to find the right _______ between advising your children and controlling them.

A. balance

B. amusement

C. application

D. freedom

解析：选A。考查名词辨析。句意：在给孩子建议与控制他们之间, 父母往往很难找到平衡。balance 平衡；amusement娱乐；application应用，申请；freedom自由。

2. lie点点练

(1) (用lie或lay的正确形式填空)

①I found a key lying on the ground just now.

②I won’t believe the fact that he lied to his mother

③Sometimes telling lies is a strategy of social communication

④He dragged out the log and laid it down.

⑤The boy lay on the grass, with his eyes looking at the stars in the sky.

(2) The boy___ there ___ that he had___ the books on the table.

A. lying; lay; laid

B. laying; lied; laid

C. lying; lied; laid

D. lied; laid; lying

解析：选C。考查与动词lie相近词形的辨析。句意：躺在那儿的男孩撒谎说他把书放在了桌子上。第一空考查“lie躺下”的现在分词lying作后置定语；第二空考查“lie撒谎”的过去式lied作谓语的用法；第三空考查“lay放下”的过去分词laid作谓语。

3.strength “面面观”(根据提示填空)

①The force of the wind tests the strength (力量) of the grass.

②I consider time management to be one of my key strengths (强项).

③Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his __________ .

A.ability

B.force

C.strength

D.mind

解析：选C。考查名词辨析。句意：比尔正在做大量运动，目的是增强他的体力。ability能力；force 暴力，武力；strength体力，力气；mind智力；精神。

3. get短语“个个清”

(1)选用适当的介、副词填空

①He was very easy to get along with, although he was rich.

②Anyone who breaks laws can’t get away with punishment

③The woman was so fat that she couldn't get through the doorway.

④It is time that they got down to doing their work.

⑤The teacher tried to explain the problem but the explanation did not get across to the class.

(2) According to the school rules, anyone who stays out all night during school days will not____ what he has done. A. get along with B. get away with

C. get away from

D. come up with

解析：选B。考查动词短语。句意：根据学校规定，任何在上学期间夜不归宿的学生都会为他们所做的而受到惩罚。get away with做某事而不受惩罚。get along with与……相处；get away from摆脱；come up with提出。

【句型解构板块】第一步典例背诵——背出语感是关键

1.【教材P10原句】“Nothing could be better,”he thought. 他想：“再也没有比这些更好的了。”

【用法分析】

本句中使用了“否定词+谓语动词+比较级”表示最高级的用法。这种结构中的常用否定词还有“no, not, never, nobody, hardly等。它属于否定形式表示肯定意义。

Nothing is more valuable than health.

健康是最宝贵的。

—How about going out for a walk after dinner?

晚饭后出去散步怎么样？

—Good idea! I couldn’t agree more. 好主意！我再同意不过了！

—How did your interview go？你的面试如何？—I couldn't feel better about it！The questions were very fair，and I seemed to find an answer for all of them．我对那次面试的感觉再好不过了! 问题非常清楚，我好像回答上了所有问题。

【语法拓展】否定形式表示肯定意义的其它方法(1) cannot/couldn’t＋too/enough 再……也不过分He cannot see you quickly enough. 他想很快见到你。

(2)not/no... until/ till “直到……的时候才”

People take no thought of the value of time until they lose it.人们失去时间后才知道时间的价值

(3)否定词＋without “没有……就没有；无……不……”

There is no smoke without fire.

有烟必有火。/无风不起浪。

(4)never too ... to do... 永不/决不……

It’s never too late to learn. 亡羊补牢，为时不晚。2.【教材P10原句】He could not have Y ong Hui getting away with telling people lies!

他可不能让雍慧骗了人而不受惩罚！

【用法分析】句中have sb. doing sth.与否定的情态动词连用意为“不允许/容忍某人(一直)做某事”

I can’t have you running around in the house.

我不允许你在屋子里跑来跑去。

I won't have you saying to your parents this way.

我不能容忍你如此对你父母讲话。

【比较网站】

[自学助记]

①我给我儿子穿好衣服就准备好了。

I’ll be ready after I have my son dressed.

②非常抱歉让你等了这么长时间。

I’m sorry to have you waiting for so long.

③昨天我让玛丽打扫了我的卧室。

I had Mary clean my bedroom yesterday.

【名师点津】

另外，还有have sth. to do/to be done两种结构，分别表示“某人有某事要做(主语自己做)和某人有事要被做(主语让别人做)”。如：I have a lot of things to do today. 今天我有很多事要做。

I will go to Shanghai tomorrow. Do you have anything to be taken to your parents? 我明天去上海，你有什么东西要给你爸妈捎吗？

Ⅰ.完成句子

1. 我从来没看过这么好的电影。

I have never seen a better film.

2.老师不会允许学生在考试中作弊。

Teachers won’t have students cheating in the exam. 3. 她坐在桌子旁边看报纸。

She sat at the desk reading a newspaper.

4. 要是他不像以前那样微笑的话，那他肯定是遇到了令他不高兴的事。

Something unpleasant must have happened to him if he didn’t smile as he always did.

5. 困难是我们资金短缺。The trouble is that we are short of money.

Ⅱ.句型转换(不改变原句意思)

6. The man who has been shooting dogs is still not being punished for it.

→The man who has been shooting dogs is still getting away with it.

7. The outdoor activities could be healthiest.

→Nothing could be healthier than outdoor activities.

8. All night long he lay awake and thought of the problem.

→All night long he lay awake, thinking of the problem.

【课堂应用提升】

I.单项填空

1. She is annoyed with obesity, so she has decided to go on ____ diet to lose___ weight.

A. the; the;

B. a; /

C. a; the

D. the; a

解析：选B。考查冠词。句意：她厌烦肥胖，因此，她决定节食减肥。go on a diet节食；lose weight 减肥。

2. That China and Russia work closer together on major projects will greatly _____ both two countries, according to Premier Li.

A. benefit

B. be beneficial

C. benefit from

D. be benefited from 解析：选A。考查benefit的用法。李总理说，中俄两国在一些主要问题上密切协作将会极大地使两国受益。benefit sb.使某人受益；benefit from得益于；be beneficial to sth.对……有益处。

3. Those who break the balance of nature could hardly ___ it.

A. be thrown away

B. be put away

C. come up with

D. get away with

解析：选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：那些打破自然平衡的人不会逃脱惩罚的。get away with侥幸逃脱惩罚；come up with提出；throw away扔掉；put away 放好。

4. My mother bought a new dress for me at a _____ yesterday. It didn’t cost much.

A. discount

B. bargain

C. counter

D.cost

解析：选A。考查名词辨析。句意：昨天，我妈妈以折扣价给我买了一件新裙子，花的钱不多。at a discount按折扣价；bargain便宜货；counter柜台；cost花费。

5. Because of the accident, the company has lost many customers, so it wants to ______.

A. win them back

B. call them back

C. bring them back

D. pay them back

解析：选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于这次事故，公司损失了很多顾客，因此公司想把他们再赢回来。win...back把……赢回来。

6. Whenever I made mistakes，the teacher pointed them out with ________.

A．curiosity B．satisfaction

C．envy D．patience

解析：选D。考查名词辨析。句意“每当我犯错的时候，老师总是耐心地指出我的错误”考查名词辨析。curiosity意为“好奇心”；satisfaction意为“满意”；envy意为“嫉妒”；patience意为“耐心”。可知D项合适。

7. —Are you satisfied with her answer?

—Not at all. It couldn’t have been_____.

A. any worse

B. much better

C. so bad

D. the worst

解析：选A。考查否定词+比较级的用法。句意：—你对她的回答满意吗？—一点也不满意，它真是糟透了。否定词not+any worse意思是“最糟糕的”。

8. She ___ have left school，for her bike is still here.

A. can’t

B. mustn’t

C. shouldn’t

D. needn’t

解析：选A。考查情态动词的用法。句意：她不可能离开学校，因为她的自行车还达这儿呢。can’ have done不可能做了某事。

9. —Hi Lily, shall we go to swimming this Sunday? —This Sunday? I am sorry. I have a lot of homework __ this Sunday

A .to do

B . done

C . do D. to be done

解析：选A。考查have sth.+宾语补足语的用法。句意：嗨，莉莉，我们这个星期天去游泳好吗？这个星期天？不行，这个星期天我有好多作业要写。have sth. to do.某人有事要(自己)做。

10. (2014西安高一检测)She ____down her book and ____in bed, saying nothing. A. lied; lied B. laid; lay

C. lay; laid

D. laid; laid

解析：选B。考查lay和lie的用法。句意：他放下书躺在床上，一言不发。lay放下，过去式是laid; lie 躺下，过去式是lay。故选B项。

Ⅱ.选词填空

1. No sugar for me, please. I am on a diet.

2. I am amazed at what you can learn on the internet!

3. Many people in the world want to lose weight in order to keep fit, especially the young.

4. By no means can/will you tell lies/a lie before your parents．

5. If you're a poor driver you oughtn't to try driving at night

6. Scientists have made many important discoveries simply out of curiosity.

7. You can't be rude to everyone and expect to get away with it forever．

8. A small child has to learn to keep its balance before it can walk far.

9. He has been tired of being scolded by the boss everyday.

10. All that you have lost can be won back bit by bit as long as you wish for it.

III.根据汉语提示，选用练习II中的短语完成下面的语段训练(上面的短语或单词有两项是多余的) 小薇是个中学生。她体重有90多公斤，因为她喜吃甜食。她厌烦了别人嘲笑她，因此，她决定通过不吃早饭的方法来减肥。她每天都节食。一个月后，她对她苗条的身材感到很吃惊。但有时候她感到不舒服，因为她在饮食上没有保持平衡。医生建议她不该撒谎说她每天吃的食物都适当。如果她听从医生的建议，她会把别人对她的喜欢赢回来。

Xiao Wei was a middle student. She weighed more than 90 kilograms because she had a sweet mouth. She was tired of others’ laughing at her, so she decided to lose weight by skipping breakfast. She went on a diet every day. After a month, shef was amazed at her slimming figure. But she felt sick about herself at times, because she didn’t keep her balance on her diets. The doctor advised that she oughtn’t to have told lies that she ate right food every day, and if she followed the doctor’s advice she would win

other s’ fondness of her back.

【语法知识图解】

【自主领悟发现】

观察下列句子后填空

1. But now his restaurant ought to be full of people.

2. Does your father need any help?

3. What do we need to take for the picnic?

4. There is enough time. You needn’t hurry.

5. His mother is ill. He has to stay at home to look after her.

6. Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.

[自主归纳]：

(1)以上句子中，第1、4、5、6句中的黑体词都是情态动词，而第2和3两句中的黑体词是实义动词。 (2)句中的情态动词后都接动词原形。其中第6句中must have happened 的意思是“一定已经发生了”。 (3)句中ought to 意为“应该”；need 意为“需要”；has to 意为“不得不”；must 意为“一定，肯定，必须”。

【考点即讲即练】

一、ought to 1.“应该”，表示“责任或义务”。用于表示按道理应当，常指客观的义务或责任，大多数情况下可用should 代替，但比should 语气重。

You ought to take care of the baby. 你应该照看婴儿。

I should help her because she is in trouble. 她有困难了，我应该帮助她。 2. “应该”，表示劝告、建议或命令。should 和ought to 可通用，但在疑问句中常用should 。ought to 的否定式为oughtn’t to 或ought not to 。

You ought /to should go to class right away. 你应该马上去上课。

Should I open the window? 我可以打开窗户吗？

3. “应该”, 表示推测。可与should 换用。 He ought to / should be home by now. This is where the oil ought to / should be. 二、need 1.作情态动词

(1)need 作情态动词时, 只能用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中。意为“需要”。

—Need I finish the work today? 我需要今天干完这活吗？

—Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t. 是的；必须干完。/不用，你不必干完。 (2)needn ’t 意为“不必”，表示客观上不必如何。 You needn ’t try to explain. 你不需要解释。 2.作实义动词

need 作实义动词时，后可接名词、动名词、不定式等，有人称、时态和数的变化。

The door needs painting. = The door needs to be pain ted. 那扇门需要油漆一下。 三、have to

(1) have to “不得不”，有时态、人称和数的变化，其否定形式为don ’t/doesn ’t/didn ’t have to 。

I have to meet my partner once every week. 我每周必须与我的合伙人碰一次头。

We don ’t have to go to school on Sundays. 星期天我们不用去上学。

(2) have to 表示一种客观的需要, 而must 表示一种主观的需要。

I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon. 今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议。

I must write a letter to the head teacher. 我非得给校长写封信不可。

四、情态动词+ have done

“情态动词+have done”表示对过去事情的推测。

They could have sent up the satellite successfully.

他们本来有能力成功发射这颗卫星的。You ought to/should have been more careful.

你本应该更小心一些的。

Mary might have learned some Chinese before.

玛丽以前可能已学过一些中文了。

If I had a chance，I would have set off on a journey round the world.要是有机会，我早就环游世界了。They must have been to the Great Wall, haven't they? 他们一定是去了长城，不是吗？

I needn't have cooked so much food. Nobody was hungry.我不该做这么多吃的,大家都不饿。

【即时演练】

Ⅰ. 单句改错(下列每个句子均有一处错误，请找出并改正)

1. Everyone needs keep calm in time of danger.

2. There is no bus here, and you must go on foot.

3. As a result of the serious earthquake, two-thirds of the buildings need to repair.

4. We ought get her some flowers for her birthday.

5. You don’t need tell them. I will tell them when I go by.

答案：1.needs后加to; 2. must 该为have to 3. repair 改为be repaired 4. ought后加上to; 5. need后加上to。

Ⅱ. 根据汉语提示，用上适当的情态动词完成句子1. You don’t look well. You ought to/should go to (应该去)see the doctor.

2. She has to get up (不得不起床) at six every day to catch the earlier bus.

3. You oughtn’t to/shouldn’t have written (本不应该)写得这么潦草。

4. You needn’t have referred to(本不必提起) it, for I had known about it.

5. Something is wrong with my bike, so it needs repairing/to be repaired(需要修理)

6. He should have finished (本应该完成) his homework in such a long time.

7. Mary shouldn’t have said (本不该说) the words，but she wanted to warn you against that man.

8. Henry ought to be home (理应在家) now—it is dark now. 【解题方法指导】

解决英语情态动词题，关键的还是要牢记情态动词的基本用法，并仔细分析试题的语境，准确确定句意后再综合比较，做出判断。

第一步：细审题，定考点。审题时，可以先看选项，并迅速判断出考点。

第二步：据考点，想用法。根据第一步中判断出的考点，迅速回忆相关知识点。

第三步：析选项，定答案。分析四个选项，把正确答案填入并验证答案。

[典例分析]：

(2013?浙江高考) I ______ myself more —it was a perfect day.

A shouldn’t have enjoyed

B needn’t have enjoyed

C wouldn’t have enjoyed

D couldn’t have enjoyed

第一步：细审题，定考点。本题考查“情态动词+have done”的用法。

第二步：据考点，想用法。根据考点，迅速回忆“情态动词+have done”相关用法。

第三步：析选项，定答案。四个选项用了不同的情态动词，且都是否定形式，故可根据这些情态动词的基本含义确定正确答案并把它代入题干验正。A 项表示本不该却做了；B项表示本不必却做了；C 项将不会做，用于与过去相反的虚拟语气；D项表示不可能干过。句意为：我不可能（比那）玩得更好了——那的确是美好的一天。故选D。

【针对演练提升】

I.单项填空

1. —I think we’ll give Bob a ring.

—We _. We have been out of touch with him for ages.

A. will

B. may

C. have to

D. ought to

解析：选D。句意：—我认为我们要给鲍勃打个电话。—我们应该打个电话，我们与他失去联系好久了。ought to按照道理应该做某事。

2. —Susan doesn’t mind lending you her digital camera.

—She ____. I’ve already borrowed one.

A. can’t

B. mustn’t

C. needn’t

D. oughtn’t

解析：选C。句意：—苏珊不介意借给你她的数码相机。—她不必的，我已经借了一个。needn’t不必，没有必要。

3. —What do you think we can do for our aged parents?

—You ____ do anything except to return to visit them often.

A. don’t have to

B. oughtn’t to

C. mustn’t

D. can’t

解析：选A。句意：你认为我们可以为我们年迈的父母做点什么呢？除了经常回去看看他们，你无需做其他的了。don’t have to 不必，无需。

4. —I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.

—How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ___ it.

A. will have stolen

B. might have stolen

C. should have stolen

D. must have stolen

解析：选B。句意：我把包忘在火车上了，但幸运的是，有人把它交给了一位铁道部门首长。能把它长回来真是难以置信，我是说，有人可能偷了它。根据语境，可知，作者的语气不是太肯定。故用might have done可能做了某事。

5. She ______have stopped her work halfway. Her work was gradually better.

A. ought to not

B. ought not to

C. not ought to

D. does not ought to

解析：选B。句意：她不应该半途而废。她的工作正逐渐有了起色。ought not to have done不应该做某事。

6. The cake is very sweet. You __ a lot of sugar in it.

A. must have put

B. could have put

C. might put

D. should put

解析：选A。句意：这个蛋糕非常甜。你一定在里头放了很多糖。根据语境，可知，说话人的语气十分地肯定，故用must。

7. Tom ____ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.

A. needn’t

B. wouldn’t

C. mustn’t

D. couldn’t

解析：选A。句意：汤姆本不必那么匆忙。高速行驶后，他早到了半个小时。needn’t不必要。

8. It __be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.

A. may

B. couldn’t

C. should

D. needn’t 解析：选B。句意：不可能是词汇造成了你的练习中的困难，因为你知道很多词的。couldn’t不可能，表示猜测。

9. Mountain climbing ___ be really dangerous at times even though it is challenging and exciting in general.

A. can

B. should

C. shall

D. must

解析：选A。句意：爬山有时候可能真的很危险，即使它总体上来说具有挑战性，也很令人兴奋。can 表示可能性，意为：有时会。

10. Li Qiang ____ be ill, for I saw him playing basketball an hour ago.

A. mustn’t

B. needn’t

C. can’t

D. may not

解析：选C。句意：李强不可能生病了，因为我一个小时前看见他打篮球来着。can’t“不可能”，表示猜测。

Ⅱ.根据汉语提示翻译或补全句子

1. 为了保持健康，我们应该多了解我们的身体。(ought)

To keep fit, we ought to know more about out body. 2. 你现在不必去那儿。(need)

You needn’t go there now.

3. 史密斯先生不可能去了北京，因为我刚才在图书馆看到他了。

Mr. Smith can’t have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.

4. 开会时间到了，我不得不走了。

It’s time for the meeting. I have to go now.

5. 你本来不该把那笔钱花在这种傻事上。

You oughtn't to have spent all that money on such a foolish thing.

III.语法与写作（补全或翻译句子）

1. (2013广东高考作文)Yet in modern society somebody has to do (不得不做) ordinary jobs such as cleaning streets because this is the way society is organized.

2. (2013广东高考作文)Those volunteers, who must be willing to get along well with others (一定愿意与别人相处得好), should be over 18 and be prepared for the chance that he/she won’t return to the earth.

3. (2013江苏高考作文) Immediate actions should be taken (应该采取), like stopping cutting down trees, to better the environment.

4. (2013江苏高考作文)My mindless words must have hurt him deeply (肯定深深地伤害了他).

5. (2013陕西高考作文) My mother gave me a hug

and I could see satisfaction (能看到满意) in her eyes.

Section IV Learning about Language &Using Language

Step1. Read the passage again and choose the best answer.

1. Wang Peng was worried when he thought his restaurant would no longer earn his living.

A. he would be in debt

B. he could no longer earn his living

C. he would lose his job

D. his friends would not visit him

2. Yong Hui was very angry when she came to Wang Peng’s restaurant because________.

A. she thought he was a new customer

B. she thought he had spied on her restaurant

C. she was told he was a spy

D. he was too fat

3. Wang Peng’s research showed__________.

A. his menu was balanced

B. both menus were balanced

C. Yong Hui’s menu was balanced

D. neither menu was balanced

4. He suggested they provide a combined menu because ______.

A. he liked Yong Hui

B. he didn’t want to lose his customers

C. he thought her menu was better

D. this would provide a balanced diet

5. What’s the final result of the competition of the two restaurants?

A. Yong Hui’s restaurant won.

B. Wang Peng’s restaurant won.

C. They combined their menus and created a new one.

D. They lowered their own food price to win more customers.

答案：BBDDC

Step2.Read the text and answer the following questions.

1. Fill in the blank with only one word for the main idea of the passage.

The cooperation between Want Peng’s restaurant and Yong Hui’s restaurant.

2. How did Yong Hui feel when she came to Wang Peng’s restaurant? Why?(No more than 20 words) She felt angry because she thought Wang Peng had come into her restaurant to spy on her.

3. Why was Wang Peng not worried when he saw Yong Hui’s menu? ( no more than 15 words) Because Wang Peng thought her menu was limited and also has weaknesses.

4. After Wang Peng and Yong Hun cooperated, their foods became healthy because they________?

(no more than 12 words)

cut down the fat and increased the fibre in their meal 5. Try to translate the following sentence into Chinese. “According to my research, neither your research nor mine offers a balanced diet,” explained Wang Peng.

王鹏解释道：“根据我的研究，你我两家所提供的都不是均衡膳食”。

Step3. Read the text carefully again and try to fill in the short passage.

A week later, Wang Pen g’s restaurant was nearly full and he felt happier. He thought perhaps he would be able to 1. earn his living, because he did not look forward to being in2. debt. Suddenly Yong Hui walked in. She 3. glared at him. She thought he came to her restaurant only to 4. spy on her and her menu the other day. Wang Peng invited her to try a meal in his restaurant. And the had a good time. After that, they 5. combined their ideas and 6.provided a balanced menu 7.with food full of energy and fibre. In this way they 8. cut down the fat and increased the fibre in their meals.

9.Before long, Yong Hui 10. put on more weight and Wang Peng became slimmer. At last, they got married and lived happily ever after.

【词汇集释板块】第一步学前自检——识记会写是前提

Ｉ.必记单词

(1)基础单词(根据汉语提示写出正确的英语单词) 1. It is also wise of children to consult (请教) their parents when making decisions.

2. A healthy diet is very important for people. It contains some fat, some fibre(纤维), a little salt and so on.

3. Drink something hot after you eat, and your stomach will digest (消化) your food better.

4. The carrot (胡萝卜)is a healthy vegetable and also

rabbits’ favourite.

5. He didn't shout or swear, but just glared (怒视) silently at me.

6. A bird's breast (胸部) is the front part of its body.

7. "I wish I didn't have so much to do." she sighed (叹息)

8. Computers are like vitamin (维他命) and bring us lots of nutrition, if we do use them in a right way (2)拓展单词（根据提示写出下列单词的适当形式）

9. poison n.毒药，毒物→poisonous adj.有毒的

10. limit vt.&n. 限制，限定→limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的

11.benefit n.利益，好处；v.有益于；受益→beneficial adj.有益的；有好处的

12. combine v.使联合或结合→combination n.联合，结合

13. cooperate vi.合作；协作→cooperation n.合作，协作

II.必背短语

(I)根据汉语提示写出或补全英语短语1. earn one’s living 谋生

2. in debt 负债

3. spy on 暗中监视，侦查

4. cut down 削减，删节

5. before long 不久以后

6. put on weight 增加体重

7. glare at 怒视

8. turn into 转变成

(II)选用以上短语填空(其中有两项是多余的)

1. He earns his living doing all kinds of things.

2. Eating healthy will prevent you putting on weight.

3. Before long, our family moved and had to give the pet away.

4. She had a feeling that she was being watched, that is, spied on.

5. The woman glared at the young man coldly, which made him embarrassed.

6. Many big trees along the road have been cut down for building houses.

第二步师生共研——理解掌握是根本1.【教材P12原句】However, as she was so afraid of being laughed at by her friends, she did not consult a doctor but lived on a diet of rice, raw vegetables, bananas and lemons. 然而，因害怕被朋友们嘲笑，她没有向医生咨询，而是以米饭。生蔬菜、香蕉和柠檬为主食。

●consult vt.咨询；请教；商量；参考，查阅

【记法】

[形象记忆]

咨询；请教商量查阅，参考

【用法】

If you wish good advice, consult an old man.

如要忠告向老人请教。

We've consulted a number of books about the subject

in the library.

我们在图书馆查阅了很多有关这个题目的书籍。

Before we can accept the firm's offer we must consult

with the workers about it.

在我们接受这家公司的提议之前,我们必须与工人

们商量。

[自我归纳]

①consult sb. (about sth.) (就某事)请教/咨询某人

②consult sth. about.... 就……而查阅某物

③consult with sb. about/on sth. 就某事与某人商量

[自填助记]

①When you meet with any new words, you’

d better

look them up in the dictionary.

②I consulted the telephone directory for his number.

2.【教材P13原句】Perhaps he would be able to earn

his living after all and not have to close his restaurant.

也许他仍然能够谋生，而不至于关闭自己的餐馆

了。

●earn one’s living 谋生

【用法】

He earned his living as a carpenter.

他靠做木匠谋生。

Many people here make a living by boarding students.

这儿的许多人靠租房子给学生营生。

The young man made a promise to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.

这个年轻人向他的父母承诺毕业后他将自食其力。[word family]

earn money 赚钱；earn reputation 赢得声誉

3.【教材P13原句】He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular. 他可不希望由于餐馆不受欢迎而负债。

●debt 债，债务；欠款

【记法】

[联想记忆]

debt=de(谐音：的)+bt(谐音：变态)：可怕的是既变态又“欠债”。

【用法】

She was in debt when she was poor, but he has been out of debt since she got rich.

以前她穷的时候欠了债，可是自从富了以后她就不再负债了。

I need to pay off all my debts before I leave the village.

我得在离开这个村子之前还清我所有的欠款。[自我归纳]

①in debt 负债

②out of debt 不欠债

③pay off one’s debts 还清某人的欠款或债务

【联想】

[联想发散] 请把下面“in+n.”结构的短语按汉语提示写下来

in danger 在危险中；in trouble 陷入困境；in order 井井有条；in short简而言之；in case以防万一；in turn依次，轮流，反过来；in return作为回报。4.【教材P13原句】I thought you were a new customer and now I know that you only came to spy on me and my menu...我本来以为你是一名新顾客，现在我才发现你只是过来打探我和我的菜谱的……

●spy on 暗中监视，侦查

【用法】

警察收买他去监视其他小偷。

He saw a man spying on him from behind a tree.

他看见一个人躲在树后监视他。

They spied out the secret of her success.

他们秘密地查出她成功的秘密。[语境串记]

The tall man was a spy，who had been given the task of spying on the woman and spying out her identity. 那个高个子男的是个间谍，他受命监视那个女的并且查明她的身份。

5.【教材P13原句】I don’t want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food. 我不想让你心烦，不过我发现你菜谱上的菜太少了，所以我也就不着急了，我也开始宣传我的餐馆食物的好处。

●limit n. & vt.限制

【记法】

[联想记忆]

limit=li(谐音：厘)+mi(谐音：米)+t(谐音：tea的英语发音)：“限制”在1厘米的茶叶是好的。

There is a limit to everything .凡事都有限度。Therefore, in my view, it is really necessary to limit the use of plastic bags.

因此，我认为，限制使用塑料袋真的十分有必要。[word family]

limited adj.有限的；limitless adj.无限的

We must make good use of our limited time and money.

我们必须好好利用我们有限的时间和金钱

[语境串记]

A man's life is limited, but there is no limit to serving the people. I will devote my limited life to the limitless job of serving the people.

人的生命是有限的,可是,为人民服务是无限的,我要把有限的生命,投入到无限的为人民服务之中去.

●benefit n.利益，好处vt.有利于

【记法】

[联想记忆]

benefit=bene(谐音：白嫩)+fit(健康的)：白嫩和健康的身体都对我们有“好处”。

I must study hard for the benefit of my own.

为了我自己的利益我必须努力学习。

This dictionary will be of great benefit to me.

这部字典将对我有很大裨益。

I've had the benefit of a good education.

我得益于受过良好教育。

The teacher taught us by using his personal examples which benefit us a lot.

老师言传身教,使我们受益匪浅。

The plants benefited from the rain.

植物得益于这场雨。

[word family]

beneficial adj.有益的，有用的

[名师指津]

benefit 意为“具体的好处”时是可数名词,可用复数形式。Building the bridge has brought many benefits to our economy．修建这座桥为我们的经济带来很多益处。

[语境串记]

It is known to us all that doing eye exercises benefits our eyes, and that is to say, our eyes can benefit from doing eye exercises. 众所周知，做眼保健操对我们的眼睛有好处，也就是说，我们的眼睛会受益于做眼保健操。

6.【教材P13原句】Perhaps we ought to combine our menus and provide a balanced menu with foods full of energy and fibre.也许应该把我们的菜谱融合起来，提供一个既有能量又有纤维的菜谱。

●combine v.(使)联合；(使)结合

【记法】

[联想记忆]

combine=com(形似：come来)+bine(谐音：并):来并到一起就是联合。

【用法】

We should combine work with rest.

我们应劳逸结合。

We consider it necessary to combine theory with practice.

我们认为理论联系实际是必要的。

[自我归纳]

combine ... with... 把……与……结合起来

7.【教材P13原句】In this way they cut down the fat and increased the fibre in the meal. 这样，他们减少了饭菜中脂肪的含量，增加了纤维素。

●cut down 削减，删节；砍倒

【用法】We must cut down our expenses.

我们必须削减开支。

This article is too long, so you have to cut it down to 1,000 words.

这篇文章太长，因此，你得把它压缩到一千字才行。People cut down too many trees and leave rubbish everywhere.

人们砍倒了太多的树木，也留下了大量的垃圾。[word family]

8.【教材P13原句】Their balanced diets became such

a success that before long Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put on more weight. 他们的均衡饮食非常有效，王鹏很快就瘦了，而雍慧也胖了。

●before long 不久以后

【用法】

Before long，he got married.不久他就结婚了。

We expect that the water in every river will be made cleaner and cleaner before long.

我们期待首每条河里的水在不久之后就变得越来越清。

[自填助记]

①I hope to see you again before long.

②She said she had seen the film long before.

[名师指津]

long before后还可以接句子，如：He had worked in the factory long before he got married.

在他还没有结婚的很久以前他就在这家工厂工作了。

[语境串记]

Before long he had to return to the village where he once lived long before.

不久以后，他只得回到他很久以前住过的那个村子。

第三步学后体验——活学活用是目标

Ⅰ.单频考点练习

1.单项填空

(1) Learn to___your knowledge with my experience，and you are sure to succeed.

A．join B．unite C．connect D．combine 解析：选D。考查动词辨析。句意：学会把你的知识与我的经验结合起来，你一定会成功。join参加；unite联合；connect联系，连接；combine结合。combine...with...把……和……结合起来。

(2)Harry has been out of work for six months, so he has difficulty _____.

A. earning living

B. earning his living

C. to earn livings

D. to earn his living

解析：选B。考查earn one’s living的非谓语形式。句意：哈里已经失业六个月了，因此他谋生有困难。have difficult in doing sth.做某事有困难。earn one’s living是固定搭配。

(3) Neither my wife nor I____ able to persuade my daughter to change her_____.

A. is; thought

B. am; mind

C. are; decision

D. am; brain

解析：选B。考查neither...nor...的用法。句意：我妻子和我都不能劝我女儿改变她的主意。neither...nor...“既不……，也不……”它连接两个主语时，谓语动词与nor后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。第二空，change one’s mind 改变某人的主意。

(4)____ he stayed in Russia for half a year and he will go there ___ again. A. Before long; before long

B. Long before; long before

C. Before long; long before

D. Long before; before long

解析：选D。考查固定短语。句意：很久以前，他在俄罗斯待过半年，他不久还会再次去那里。long before很久以前，多用于一般过去时；before long 不久以后，多用于一般将来时。

(5)There is a 20-minute parking ____ here, so we must get back to the car very quickly.

A. freedom

B. limit

C. weakness

D. strength 解析：选B。考查名词辨析。句意：这时停车限定在20分钟，因此我们必须赶快回到这儿来。freedom 自由；limit限制，限定；weakness弱点；短处；strength 长处；强项；力量。

(6) The mother was trembling with anger. She ____ her son and said nothing.

A. looked at

B. stared at

C. glared at

D. glanced at

解析：选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意：母亲气得打哆嗦，她怒视着儿子什么也没说。look at看；stare at凝视；glare at 怒视；glance at瞥一眼。

(7)After ten years hard work, they at last got_____.

A. out of debt

B. into debt

C. in debt

D. out of the debt

解析：选A。考查debt的短语。句意：十年的艰苦劳作，他们终于还清了债。get out of debt还清债，摆脱债务; in debt负债；其余两项，无此搭配。

Ⅱ.多频考点练习

用所选词的正确形式填空）

1. consult“点点练”

(1)同义替换

①He referred to his notebook repeatedly during his speech.

→He consulted his notebook repeatedly during his speech.

②His parents discussed with the teacher about what to do to help him with his studies.

→His parents consulted with the teacher about what to do to help him with his studies.

(2)单项填空

①He _____ a number of books about the subject in the library before he gave his speech.

A．referred B．looked into

C．consulted D．looked up 解析：选C。考查动词及短语意义。句意：在演讲前他在图书馆查阅了大量关于这门学科的图书。根据“查阅”后面的宾语可知用动词consult。refer to “查阅”；look into“调查”；consult“查阅”；look up “查找”。

②When ___ about how to choose a proper car for personal use, he advised me to ask Mr. Li.

A. consulting

B. he consulted

C. consulted

D. having consulted

解析：选C。考查consult的非谓语形式。句意：当被请教如何选合适的私家车时，他建议我去问李先生。when后省略了he was, consult与主语he之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即consult him，故用过去分词表示被动意思。

2. cut短语“个个清”

(1)选用适当的介副词填空

in, off, down, up, through, out

①The cook was cutting up the meat for making dumplings．

②She always cuts in when other people are talking.

③He cut out the picture from the newspaper.

④If you find it difficult to stop drinking altogether, try to cut down as much as possible.

⑤He had a finger cut off by a machine while working.

(2) Too many hotels have been built and this

has_____ price, making holidays cheaper

A. cut in

B. cut out

C. cut off

D. cut down 解析：选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在已建了太多的宾馆，而这也把价格降了下来，使得度假更便宜了。cut in 插话；cut out剪掉；cut off剪下；砍掉；cut down削减；删节。根据句意，D项最佳。

3. benefit “多棱镜”

(1)翻译或完成句子

①Pride hurts, modesty benefits. (英译汉)

满招损,谦受益。②我们可以从好的书籍中受益，这一点是真的。

It is true that we can benefits from good books.

③为了学生的身心健康，我们学校周围两公里以内的所有网吧将全部关闭。

For the benefit of a healthy body and mind of the students, all the Internet cafés around our school will be shut down.

(2)Most smokers say they ____ smoking in a way but health experts suggest that they had better give it up ____ their health.

A. benefit from; for the benefit of

B. benefit; for the benefit of

C. benefit from; with the benefit of

D. receive goodness; in the benefit of

解析：选A。考查benefit的相关用法。句意：多数抽烟者说他们在某方面还是从吸烟中得到益处的，但是健康专家建议他们最好为了他们自己的健康而戒烟。benefit from sth.从……中受益；for the benefit of为了……的利益。

【句型解构板块】第一步典例背诵——背出语感是关键

1. 【教材P14原句】I don’t want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food. 我并不想让你心烦，不过我发现你的菜谱上的菜太有限了，所以我也就不担心了，我也开始宣传我的食物的好处了。

【用法分析】

本句中包含so...that...结构，意为“如此……以至