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外研社版高二选修8 Module 6 The Tang Poems同步教案5

外研社版高二选修8 Module 6 The Tang Poems

同步教案5

『知识感悟』

三、语法解读

情态动词

一）情态动词can, may, might, must 表示“揣测”的用法。

1．can 表示揣测、怀疑等态度，一般只用于否定句和疑问句，could 比can更不肯定。

1）对现在情况表示揣测，结构为can(could)+原形动词（状态动词），或can(could)+be+现在分词（动作动词）。例如：

The news that you got can’t be true.

Someone is knocking at the door. Can it be Mr Green?

Could this be a misprint?

They can’t be watching TV now.

How can you believe such rumors!

2）对已经发生的事情表示揣测，结构为can(could)+have+过去分词。

He can’t have gone abroad. I saw him just now.

Can these foreign visitors have been to the Forbidden City?？

Could they have got the news already?

2.may 表示揣测，一般只用于肯定句，might 比may 更不肯定。

1）对现在情况表示揣测，结构为may(might)+动词原形（状态动词），或may(might)+be+现在分词（动作动词）。例如：

This may be a mistake.

He may know my email address.

That might be the book that you have been looking for.

The boys may be playing football.

2）对已经发生的事情表示揣测，结构为may/might+have+过去分词

The plane may have taken off already.

They might have begun to carry out the project.

She might have been there before.

3.must 表示揣测，只用于肯定句，语气比may肯定的多。

1）对现在情况表示揣测，结构为must+动词原形（状态动词），或must＋be+现在分词（动作动词）。例如：

He must be a foreigner for he doesn’t understand Chinese.

This must be your dictionary for your name is on the cover of it.

It must be raining outside.

2）对已经发生的情况表示揣测，结构为must +have+过去分词。例如：

It must have rained last night.

Li Bai and Du Fu have been good friends. They often wrote in honor of each other.

She must have passed the driving test. She has a license now.

二）情态动词should ,could, would的用法

1. should

1) 应该，应当（可用于各种人称）

You should do more English reading.

I should make a telephone call to my father this evening.

Have you considered how she should answer?

You should have answered his letter sooner.

2) 用在某些从句中，表示惊异、不以为然等情绪。

It’s strange that he should speak to you in that way.

It’s unfair that this should happen to me.

3) 用在某些从句中使口气显得婉转，态度显得谦和（用于第一人称）。

I should be pleased to give such a lecture.

I should have asked you to give me some advice.

4) 用来表示一种可能。

They should be there by now, I think.

Your idea should be very practical.

5) should (not) have done sth ought (not )to have done 用来表示“责备”，即“本应该做某事而事实上并没有做”，或者“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”

You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment.

He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.

2. could

1) 用来比较委婉地提出请求、疑问或看法。

Could you lend me your bike?

I could come earlier, if necessary.

Your plan could be practical but I will have to listen to opinions of other people.

2) 用于疑问句或否定句表示惊异、不相信等。

Oh, how could you be so careless?

The magazine is not on the desk now. Who could have taken it?

What could have happened to her now?

3) could have done 用来表示“本来能够做某事”或用于虚拟语气。

You could have asked him for help.

3. would

1) 表示委婉地请求或建议

Would you please open the window for me?

Would you look after my daughter when I am away?

I would remind you that smoking is not allowed now.

2) 表示过去习惯性的动作

After supper the old couple would go for a walk around the lake.

In those days, they would come to see me every weekend.

She would sit by the window and look at people going by the house.

4. shall

1)shall 用于第二、三人称的肯定句，表示说话人的意思，有“允诺”、“警告”、“强制”、“威胁”等意思。

Tell him he shall have the book tomorrow.

“Half of his money shall go to the city of Venice,” declared the judge.

2)shall 用于第一、三人称的疑问句，用来表示征询对方意见或请求指示。

Where shall I wait for you?

Manager, someone is asking for you. Shall he come in?

『随堂演练』

1.I ______ have returned your dictionary earlier.You ______ have needed it.

A.might；should

B.should；might

C.must；should

D.must；might

2.Jack，you’re so lazy! This job ______ hours ago.

A.should finish

B.must have finished

C.ought to have been finished

D.was about to finish

3.We had better hurry.Our teacher ______ us.

A.wait for

B.must wait for

C.must be waiting for

D.has waited for

4. You might as well tell the manager that male customers ______ not like the design of the furniture.

A.must

B.shall

C.may

D.need

5.—I promise that she ______ get a nice present on her birthday.

—It will be a big surprise to her.

A.should

B.must

C.would

D.shall

6.Whenever the teacher was not here，the children ______ make a lot of noise.

A.will

B.would

C.were to

D.were going to

7.But for the traffic jam，we ______ long ago.

A.will have arrived

B.should

C.had arrived

D.would have arrived

8.Your trousers are dirty.______ them for you?

A.Shall I wash

B.Will I wash

C.Am I going to

D.Am I washing

9.There was plenty of time.He ______.

A.couldn’t have hurried

B.mustn’t hurry

C.needn’t have hurried

D.can’t have hurried

10.Without your help，we ______ this task.

A.don’t finish

B.will not finish

C.didn’t finish

D.would not have finished

11.It seems as if it ______ already summer.

A.is

B.were

C.be

D.should be

12.The teacher requested that his students ______ on time to every class.

A.has to be

B.were

C.must be

D.be

答案：

1．B。“should+不定式完成式”表示过去该做的事而没有做；“might+不定式完成式”表示有可能做的事，一般可能性极小。句意为：我该把词典早些还给你。你或许需要它。2．C。“ought to（should）+不定式完成被动式”表示不定式的被动动作该完成而未做。该句意为：杰克，你真懒，这项工作该在数小时之前就完成了。

3．C。“must+不定式进行式”表示对现在动作的推断。句意为：我们最好快点。老师一定在等着我们。

4．C。据题意“你也可以告诉经理男顾客们或许不喜欢这种家具的设计样式”以及主句谓语可推知，整个句子里面语气很不肯定。A、B两项均不合乎语气，而D项不合题意。应特别注意做此类题时要弄准句意，依照句子的意思来猜测说话人的语气，从而选准所需的情态动词。

5．D 。shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话人的强烈愿望，具有命令、警告、威胁、允许的含意。意思是“必须、应该、可”。句意是：——我发誓她过生日一定会得到一件好的礼物。——那对她将是一个大惊喜。

6．B 。would除表示过去将来外，还可表示过去习惯性的动作。句意为：每当老师不在时，孩子们就会喧闹不止。

7．D。but for…为含蓄条件，意为：If it hadn’t been for…“would+不定式完成式”表示过去将要做的动作。句意为：要不是因为堵车，我们（那时）早就来了。

8．A。shall，may用于第一、三人称时，表示征求对方意见。第二人称用于征求对方意见时，常用：Will you please do sth.?

Would you like to do sth.?/Can you do sth.?/Could you do sth.?。

9．C 。“needn’t+不定式完成式”表示过去不必做的动作而做了。句意为：时间足够，他（那时）不必慌张。

10．D。与but for相似，介词without短语为含蓄条件，其意思相当于If we hadn’t got your help…“wouldn’t+不定式完成式”表示不定式的动作将不会完成。全句意为：如果（那时）没有你的帮助，我们就完不成任务。

11．B。在as if（as though）引起的方式状语和表语从句中常用虚拟语气，表示“好像”，形式和宾语从句的形式一致。

12．D。在request等表示“要求、建议、命令”等的动词的宾语从句中，动词常用虚拟语气。句意为：老师要求他的学生们每节课都要按时到教室。

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