2012政府工作报告 中英对照
温总理政府工作报告中英文版
来源：考试大【考试就上考试大,大小考试都不怕】 2007年1月24日
温总理政府工作报告中英文版
Report on the Work of the Government
By Premier Wen Jiabao on March 5, 2004
Following is the full text of the Report on the Work of the Government delivered by Premier Jiabao at the Second Session of the Tenth National People's Congress on March 5, 2004.
Fellow Deputies,
各位代表：
This government has now been in office for a year. I now submit a report on its work on behalf of the State Council for your examination and approval and also for comments from members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. 本届政府履行职责已经一年。现在，我代表国务院，向大会作政府工作报告，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。
I. Review of the Past Year's Work
一、一年来工作回顾
Last year was a significant and unusual year in the course of China's development. It was a year in which we made remarkable achievements in reform and opening up and in the modernization drive. In the face of a complex and volatile international situation, the unexpected outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and frequent natural disasters, governments at all levels and the people of all our ethnic groups put into practice the guiding principles of the Sixteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) under the leadership of the CPC and the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents. We braved difficulties and hardships in an indomitable and innovative spirit and made important advances in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.
过去的一年，是我国发展进程中重要而非同寻常的一年，是改革开放和社会主义现代化建设取得显著成就的一年。面对复杂多变的国际形势、突如其来的非典型肺炎疫情和频繁发生的自然灾害，在中国共产党领导下，各级政府和全国各族人民一道，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，贯彻落实党的十六大精神，迎难而上，顽强拼搏，奋力开拓创新，在全面建设小康社会的道路上迈出重要步伐。
We won a great victory in the fight against SARS.
——抗击非典取得重大胜利。
The economy grew rapidly. China's GDP increased by 9.1% over the previous year and reached 11.67 trillion yuan. Per capita GDP passed the important benchmark of US$ 1,000, calculated at the current exchange rate.
——经济快速发展。国内生产总值比上年增长9.1％，达到11.67万亿元；按现行汇率计算，人均国内生产总值突破1000美元，跨上一个重要台阶。
China's financial strength grew noticeably. Total government revenue was 2.17 trillion yuan, 278.7 billion yuan more than the previous year.
——国家财力明显增强。全国财政收入达到2.17万亿元，比上年增加2787亿元。
Foreign trade expanded significantly. Total import and export volume was $851.2 billion, 37.1% more than the previous year, raising
China from fifth to fourth place in the world.
——对外贸易大幅增长。进出口总额比上年增长37.1％，达到8512亿美元，由上年居世界第五位上升到第四位。
We created more jobs than planned 8.59 million urban residents became employed and 4.4 million laid-off workers, reemployed.
——就业超过预期目标。城镇新增就业859万人，下岗失业人员再就业440万人。
People's incomes increased. Urban per capita disposable income grew by 9% in real terms, and rural per capita net income rose by 4.3%
in real terms.
——居民收入增加。城镇居民人均可支配收入实际增长9％，农民人均纯收入实际增长4.3％。
China's first manned space flight was a complete success.
——首次载人航天飞行获得圆满成功。
These achievements indicate that China's overall national strength has reached new heights. They have boosted the confidence and courage of all our people to continue forging ahead. The work we did over the past year was mainly in the following six areas.
这些成就，标志着我国综合国力又有新的提高，进一步增强了全国人民继续前进的信心和勇气。
一年来，我们主要做了以下六方面工作：
1. Taking resolute measures against SARS and concentrating our resources on the campaign against it
China suffered from a disastrous SARS outbreak last spring. The Party Central Committee and the State Council gave top priority to protecting people's health and lives and promptly investigated SARS and took steps to prevent and treat it. We enforced the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Communicable Diseases, formulated the Regulations on Public Health Emergency Response, and classified SARS as a communicable disease. We reported the facts of the SARS situation exactly as they were and mobilized the general public throughout the country to control the outbreak. The State Council and local governments established anti-SARS headquarters to coordinate human, material and financial resources and to make full use of primary-level organizations in both urban and rural areas, so as to ensure that prevention and treatment work was done quickly and orderly. We organized research on and made significant progress in diagnosing, treating and preventing SARS. We took such measures as providing free treatment for SARS patients among rural workers in urban areas to prevent the spread of SARS to rural areas. During the difficult days of our anti-SARS campaign, leading cadres at all levels took to the frontlines, the people throughout the country united as one, all sectors of society pulled together, large numbers of medical workers faced danger fearlessly, and the Chinese nation withstood a severe test.
（一）采取果断措施，集中力量抗击非典
去年春天，我国遭遇了一场非典疫情重大灾害。党中央、国务院把人民群众的身体健康和生命安全放在第一位，及时研究和部署防治非典工作。贯彻《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》，制定《突发公共卫生事件应急条例》，将非典列为法定传染病管理，如实公布疫情，在全国范围内实行群防群控。国务院和地方政府成立防治非典指挥部，统一调度人力物力财力，充分发挥城乡基层组织的作用，确保预防、救治工作紧张有序进行。组织科研攻关，在诊断、治疗、防疫等方面取得重要进展。对农民非典患者实行免费治疗等措施，严防疫情向农村扩散。
在抗击非典斗争的艰难时刻，各级领导干部深入第一线，全国人民万众一心，社会各界同舟共济，广大医务工作者临危不惧，中华民族经受住了严峻的考验。
2.Exercising timely and appropriate control to promote stable and rapid economic development
（二）适时适度调控，促进经济平稳快速发展
We adhered to the policy of expanding domestic demand and continued to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy. We took measures to exercise macro-control over new developments as soon as they arose in the course of economic operation.
我们坚持扩大内需方针，继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，针对经济运行中出现的新情况，及时采取措施进行宏观调控。
When the SARS outbreak hit, we worked unflaggingly to prevent and control it, while at the same time unswervingly promoting economic development. We concentrated on strengthening key areas, stimulating industrial production and ensuring unimpeded flow of goods and materials. In addition, we promptly adopted such supportive policies as reducing or exempting taxes and administrative charges on industries that were worst hit by SARS and granting soft loans to them. We also enacted measures for increasing employment and rural incomes. All this helped minimize the impact of the SARS outbreak on economic development.
在非典肆虐的情况下，我们坚持一手抓防治非典不放松，一手抓经济建设不动摇。着力加强重点建设，促进工业生产，保证物流畅通，及时对受疫情冲击较大的行业实行减免税费、贴息贷款等扶持政策，并制定促进就业和增加农民收入等方面的措施，最大限度地减轻了疫情对经济发展的影响。
We provided guidance and control for investment, mainly through a combination of economic and legal means. We further rectified and standardized the order of the land market and screened development zones of all types to stop disorderly and unauthorized acquisition of farmland. We increased the deposit-reserve ratio for financial institutions to an appropriate level to bring the excessively rapid growth of credit under control. In exercising control, we did an appropriate amount of fine-tuning and dealt with problems individually.
我们主要运用经济、法律手段，采取综合措施，引导和调控社会投资。进一步整顿和规范土地市场秩序，全面清理各类开发区，制止乱征滥占耕地。适当提高金融机构存款准备金率，控制货币信贷过快增长势头。在调控中，注意适度微调和区别对待。
We expanded support for agriculture, rural areas and farmers and made plans in a timely fashion to ensure the continued enthusiasm of major grain producing areas and grain producers. We strengthened coordination of economic operation and took measures to increase supply and rationally guide the growth of demand, thus alleviating transport difficulties and shortages of coal, electricity, petroleum and important raw and processed materials.
我们加大“三农”工作力度，及时作出部署，保护粮食主产区和广大农民的种粮积极性。加强经济运行协调，采取措施增加供给，引导需求合理增长，缓解煤、电、油、运和重要原材料供应紧张状况。
We stepped up the strategic restructuring of the economy and put greater efforts into a number of key projects vital to economic growth and economic restructuring. In particular, we sped up the launching and construction of water control, energy and transport projects. The second phase of the key water control project at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River was completed successfully and work on the third phase began. The eastern section of the pipeline for transmitting natural gas from the west to the east was completed. Laying of track proceeded smoothly on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway trunk line. Transmission of electricity from the west to the east was increased. Construction of the eastern and central routes of the south-to-north water diversion project began. Large-scale development of the western region continued. Implementation of the strategy to revitalize northeast China and other old industrial bases was begun.
我们积极推进经济结构战略性调整，抓紧一批对经济增长和结构调整有重大促进作用的重点项目建设，特别是加快水利、能源、交通等项目的开工和建设。三峡水利枢纽二期工程胜利完成，三期工程拉开序幕；西气东输东段工程成功贯通；青藏铁路正线铺轨顺利推进；西电东送规模扩大；南水北调工程东、中线开工建设。西部大开发继续推进，东北地区等老工业基地振兴战略开始实施。
3. Accelerating the development of social undertakings on the basis of an overall consideration of all issues 来
（三）注重统筹兼顾，加快社会事业发展
The spread of SARS exposed problems arising from disparities between economic and social development. We promptly made necessary adjustments to the government's priorities and investment to stimulate the development of social undertakings. The central government spent 85.5 billion yuan in 2003 on education, health, science and technology, culture and sports, 12. 4% more than the previous year. Treasury bonds worth 16.3 billion yuan were issued to support the development of social undertakings, an increase of nearly 200%.
非典疫情蔓延，集中暴露出我国经济和社会发展不协调的问题。我们从政府工作的着力点和财政投入等方面，及时作出必要调整，推动社会事业加快发展。中央财政全年用于教育、卫生、科技、文化、体育事业的支出达855亿元，比上年增长12.4％；支持社会事业发展的国债投资达163亿元，增长近两倍。
We improved the national public health system, focusing on epidemic prevention and control and on rural areas. The National Plan for Developing an Information System for Public Health Monitoring and the National Plan for Developing a System for Medical Rescue and Treatment in Public Health Emergencies were formulated and implemented. A system was set up for early warning and response for public health emergencies. Public health infrastructure was improved, with the focus on networks spanning provincial, city (prefecture) and county levels for disease prevention and control. The central government worked with local governments to build more rural health and medical institutions. Pilot projects for a new cooperative medical care system and medical assistance system were initiated in rural areas.
以疾病预防控制和农村为重点，加强全国公共卫生体系建设。制定并组织实施《国家公共卫生监测信息体系建设规划》和《突发公共卫生事件医疗救治体系建设规划》，建立突发公共卫生事件预警和应急机制。加强公共卫生设施建设，重点抓了省、市（地）、县三级疾病预防控制网络建设。采取中央与地方共建办法，加强农村卫生医疗机构建设。开展新型农村合作医疗制度和医疗救助制度试点。
The State Council issued the Decision on Further Strengthening Rural Education. Increased financial support was extended to rural education from the central budget and treasury bonds. Priority was given to subsidizing rural teachers' salaries in the central and western regions, renovating dangerous primary and secondary school buildings, carrying out pilot projects in modern distance education and aiding needy students. Many cities began to make schooling available for the children of migrant rural workers, and the governments of those cities took over primary administrative responsibility.
国务院作出《关于进一步加强农村教育工作的决定》。中央财政和国债资金加大了对农村教育的支持力度，主要用于补助中西部农村教师工资发放、中小学危房改造、中小学现代远程教育工程试点和资助家庭经济困难的学生。许多城市开始实行以流入地政府管理为主的办法，努力使进城务工农民的子女能够上学。
Great progress was made last year in basic research, strategically important hi-tech research, and industrial application of new and high technologies. The State Council began formulating a national medium- to long-range program for scientific and technological development. It organized many experts to participate in feasibility studies and a number of important research results have already been obtained.
一年来，我国基础研究、战略高技术研究和高新技术产业化取得重要进展。国务院着手编制国家中长期科学和技术发展规划，组织大批专家参与研究论证，已有一批重要研究成果。
Reform of the cultural system and the development of cultural undertakings were vigorously promoted. Efforts were intensified to rectify the cultural products and services market. Fresh achievements were made in amateur and competitive sports.
积极推进文化体制改革和文化事业发展。文化市场整顿力度加大。群众体育和竞技体育运动取得新成绩。
Population and family planning work was further strengthened. Fresh progress was made in the areas of land and resources administration, environmental protection, forestry development and ecological improvement.
人口和计划生育工作进一步加强。国土资源管理、环境保护、林业发展和生态建设等方面都做了大量工作，取得新成效。
4. Caring for people's well-being, creating more jobs and administering social security work well
（四）关心群众生活，做好就业和社会保障工作
We consider it highly important to protect the vital interests of the people and help them, especially the needy, in solving problems in their work and daily lives. Governments at all levels conscientiously implemented a series of measures drawn up by the Party Central Committee and the State Council for increasing employment and reemployment and increased their efforts, capital spending and policy support in this regard. The central government allocated an additional 4.7 billion yuan of subsidies for job creation. We increased our employment guidance and services for last year's college graduates, who were the first to be enrolled under the college expansion plan of 1999. By the end of last year, 83% of last year's graduates from regular institutions of higher learning had found jobs, 600,000 more than the previous year.
我们高度重视解决群众特别是困难群众的生产生活问题，维护群众切身利益。各级政府认真落实中央关于扩大就业再就业的一系列措施，加大资金投入、政策支持和工作力度。中央财政新增47亿元专项补助资金，用于支持就业再就业。加强对高校扩招后首批毕业生就业的指导和服务，全国普通高校毕业生就业率去年底达到83％，比上年增加60万人。
To continue ensuring the "two guarantees" (guaranteeing that the living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises and that the pensions of retirees are paid on time and in full) and the "three-stage guarantee" for laid-off workers, the central government spent 70 billion yuan in 2003, 19.9% more than the previous year; of this sum, subsidies for subsistence allowances for the urban poor increased from 4.6 billion yuan in 2002 to 9.2 billion yuan in 2003. This allowed 22.35 million urban residents throughout the country to receive such benefits. In 2003, the central government began making annual allocations of special funds to help local governments assist ex-servicemen who are working in enterprises to solve their financial difficulties. Benefits were again raised for disabled revolutionary servicemen and other people who are entitled to special care by the government.
为继续落实“两个确保”和“三条保障线”，2003年中央财政支出700亿元，比上年增长19.9％；其中用于城市居民最低生活保障的补助资金由上年46亿元增加到92亿元。全国2235万城市居民得到最低生活保障。从2003年起，中央财政每年安排专项资金，支持地方解决企业军转干部等生活困难问题；再次提高革命伤残人员等优抚对象的抚恤补助标准。
We further intensified efforts to alleviate rural poverty through development and we invested more to improve working and living conditions in underdeveloped areas. We made all-out efforts to fight disasters and ensure adequate disaster relief. Central budget funds totaling 8.03 billion yuan were spent on relief for people affected by floods, droughts, earthquakes or other disasters, up 63.9% over the previous year, and 2.79 billion yuan was invested in post-disaster reconstruction. As a result, proper living arrangements were made for people in disaster-afflicted areas, production resumed and reconstruction proceeded in an orderly way. Governments at all levels took the problem of wage arrears for migrant rural workers very seriously, worked harder to resolve it and achieved initial results.
我们进一步加强农村扶贫开发工作，增加资金投入，改善贫困地区生产生活条件。全力做好抗灾救灾工作，中央财政用于洪涝、干旱、地震等救灾救济支出80.3亿元，比上年增长63.9％；用于灾后重建的中央投资27.9亿元。灾区群众生活得到妥善安排，恢复生产和重建工作有序进行。各级政府重视解决拖欠农民工工资问题，加大了工作力度，取得初步成效。
5.Pressing forward with institutional innovation and making significant progress in reform and opening up
（五）推进体制创新，改革开放迈出重要步伐
Institutional restructuring of the State Council was accomplished smoothly on the basis of the plan approved at the First Session of the Tenth National People's Congress and the adjusted and newly set up bodies are now operating normally. Significant progress was made in establishing a macro-control mechanism, restructuring the management of state assets and establishing a mechanism for oversight and management of the banking sector. We unified the mechanisms for administering domestic and foreign trade and improved monitoring systems for food and workplace safety. Institutional restructuring of provincial governments has been basically completed. The reform of
the administrative examination and approval system was deepened.
按照十届全国人大一次会议批准的方案，国务院机构改革顺利完成，调整和新组建的机构运转正常。宏观调控体系建设、国有资产管理体制改革和银行业监管体系建设取得重要进展。统一内外贸管理体制，调整了食品安全和安全生产监管体制。省级政府机构改革基本完成。行政审批制度改革进一步深化。
Fresh progress was made in transforming state-owned enterprises into stock companies. Reforms of the electricity, telecommunications and civil aviation industries were accelerated. The economic returns of state-owned industrial enterprises and enterprises whose controlling stake was owned by the state increased substantially; they generated a total of 378.4 billion yuan in profits, 45.2% more than the previous year. The reforms of the banking, securities and insurance industries progressed steadily. We formulated and implemented a pilot plan to transform state-owned commercial banks into stock entities. The system for examining and verifying the issuance of securities was reformed. Remarkable progress was made in transforming state-owned insurance companies into stock companies. After several years of deliberation, we began a pilot project for reforming rural credit cooperatives in eight provinces and municipalities directly under the central government. The experimental reform of rural taxes and administrative charges was extended to cover the whole country. Policies and measures for promoting the development of the non- public sectors of the economy were further implemented. We deepened the rectification and standardization of the market order and cracked down on manufacturing and marketing of counterfeit and substandard goods, smuggling and other illegal and criminal activities. This improved the market climate and helped protect the legitimate rights and interests of both consumers and producers.
国有企业股份制改革继续推进。电力、电信、民航等行业的改革加快。国有及国有控股工业企业经济效益大幅度提高，实现利润3784亿元，比上年增长45.2％。银行、证券、保险业改革稳步推进。制定并实施国有商业银行股份制改造试点方案。改革了证券发行审核制度。国有保险企业股份制改造取得明显进展。酝酿多年的农村信用社改革开始在8个省（市）试点。农村税费改革试点扩大到全国。促进非公有制经济发展的政策措施进一步落实。深入整顿和规范市场秩序，坚决打击制售假冒伪劣商品和走私等违法犯罪活动，改善市场环境，维护消费者和生产者合法权益。
We worked conscientiously to fulfill the commitments we made for accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO). We continued to lower tariff rates and opened the service sector wider to the outside world. We further relaxed control over who could engage in foreign trade. We formulated and put into effect a plan for reforming the mechanism for export tax rebates; this will gradually bring about a rational settlement of the longstanding problem of overdue export tax rebates. We intensified our work dealing with anti-dumping investigations made against China and settling trade disputes. The import and export mix was further improved. China utilized $53.5 billion in foreign direct investment in 2003. State foreign exchange reserves reached $403.3 billion at the end of the year, $116.8 billion more than at the beginning. The exchange rate for the Renminbi remained stable. Last year, we signed the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement with both Hong Kong and Macao, thereby strengthening economic ties between the mainland and the two regions.
我们认真履行加入世贸组织的承诺，继续降低关税税率，扩大服务业对外开放。外贸经营权进一步放开。制定并实施出口退税机制改革方案，积累多年的欠退税问题将逐步得到合理解决。加强了应对国外反倾销调查和解决贸易争端的工作。进出口商品结构进一步优化。全年实际利用外商直接投资535亿美元。年底国家外汇储备达4033亿美元，比年初增加1168亿美元。人民币汇率保持稳定。去年，还签署了内地与香港、内地与澳门建立更紧密经贸关系的安排，增强了内地与港澳的经贸联系。
6. Improving the legal system and maintaining social stability
（六）加强法制建设，维护社会稳定
We put great effort into improving government legislation. The State Council submitted five bills in 2003, including a draft law on oversight and management of the banking sector and a draft amendment to the Foreign Trade Law, and enacted 28 administrative regulations, including the Provisional Regulations Concerning the Oversight and Management of State-owned Assets in Enterprises. To solve problems in our handling of indigent migrants, we formulated and implemented the Measures for Assisting Vagrants and Beggars with No Means of Support in Cities together with supporting measures. The implementation of the Legal Assistance Regulations helped
solve the difficulties people in financial straits faced in filing lawsuits.
我们高度重视政府法制建设。国务院先后提出银行业监督管理法草案、对外贸易法修订草案等5部法律议案；制定了《企业国有资产监督管理暂行条例》等28部行政法规。针对收容遣送工作中存在的问题，制定并组织实施《城市生活无着的流浪乞讨人员救助管理办法》和配套措施。《法律援助条例》的实施，为困难群众解决打官司难提供帮助。
We increased our efforts to maintain law and order by taking comprehensive measures, focusing on high-crime areas. We further improved public order by cracking down more severely on violent and other serious crimes. We steadfastly enforced laws in the interests of the people and maintained strict police discipline, and we concentrated on the problems of detention beyond the legally prescribed time limits and illegal use of coercive measures to protect the lawful rights and interests of citizens. We improved the overall quality of procurators and judicial and public security officers and made full use of the important role of public security organs and armed police units in safeguarding social stability.
加强社会治安综合治理。对治安混乱地区进行重点整治。加大对严重暴力犯罪等突出犯罪的打击力度，社会治安取得新的进步。坚持执法为民、从严治警，着重解决超期羁押、滥用强制措施等问题，保障公民的合法权益。加强政法队伍建设，发挥公安机关和武警部队在维护社会稳定中的重要作用。
In accordance with the Party Central Committee's instructions, governments at all levels last year encouraged a groundswell of study and practice of the important thought of Three Represents and the guiding principles of the Sixteenth National Congress of the CPC. Socialist political civilization and spiritual civilization were strengthened. New achievements were made in building a clean government and fighting corruption and in our work concerning ethnic, religious and overseas Chinese affairs. New steps were taken to modernize national defense and the armed forces. Our diplomatic work entered a new phase.
过去的一年，各级政府按照党中央的部署，兴起学习贯彻“三个代表”重要思想和党的十六大精神的高潮。社会主义政治文明建设继续推进，精神文明建设进一步加强。廉政建设和反腐败工作取得新成效。民族、宗教、侨务工作取得新成绩。国防和军队现代化建设迈出新步伐。外交工作开创了新局面。
None of these notable achievements of the past year came easily. We attribute them to the Party Central Committee's broad vision and correct leadership and to the concerted efforts of the people of all ethnic groups. On behalf of the State Council, I would like to express our sincere gratitude to all our workers, farmers, intellectuals and cadres; to all those who work for the cause of socialism; and to the members of the People's Liberation Army, the armed police and the public security police. I would like to extend our heartfelt thanks to the people of all ethnic groups, to all democratic parties and mass organizations and to people from all walks of life for their trust in and support for the work of the government. I would also like to express our sincere thanks to all our compatriots in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan as well as overseas Chinese who care about and support the development and reunification of our motherland, and to all our friends in other countries who care about and support China's modernization drive.
一年来各方面的显著成就，确实来之不易。这是党中央总揽全局、正确领导的结果，是全国各族人民团结奋斗、辛勤劳动的结果。我代表国务院向全国工人、农民、知识分子和干部，向社会主义劳动者和社会主义事业的建设者，向解放军指战员、武警部队官兵和公安民警，表示诚挚的感谢！向全国各族人民，各民主党派、各人民团体和各界人士，对政府工作的信任和支持，表示诚挚的感谢！向关心和支持祖国建设和统一的香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞和台湾同胞，以及广大侨胞，向一切关心和支持中国现代化建设的各国朋友，表示诚挚的感谢！
In reviewing our work of the past year, we are clearly aware that many difficulties and problems remain on our way ahead, that there are still quite a few shortcomings in the government's work, that there remain areas our people are not satisfied with, and that it will take a long time to fundamentally eradicate longstanding and deep-seated problems. Rural incomes have grown too slowly; the task of increasing employment and improving social security is arduous; development in different regions of the country is not balanced; the income gap is too wide among some members of society; and pressure on resources and the environment is mounting. As economic
growth has accelerated, a number of new problems have emerged. These include, among others, the excessively broad scale of investment, the serious problem of haphazard investment and low-level, redundant construction in some industries and regions, the strain between supply and demand in energy, transport and some raw and processed materials, the marked decrease in grain production, and the widespread illegal appropriation of farmland. The development of social undertakings lags behind, and people have strong complaints about the cost and availability of schooling and medical treatment. Many low-income residents in both town and country lead relatively difficult lives. Serious crimes have occurred in some places. Frequent serious accidents that inflict heavy loss of life and property have taught us a sobering lesson. We are also clearly aware that some government officials have a subjective, formalistic and bureaucratic style of work, and they are wasteful, extravagant and fraudulent, and sometimes even corrupt. It will be an arduous task for the government to rectify itself and fight corruption.
回顾过去一年，我们清醒地看到，在前进道路上还有许多困难和问题，政府工作还有不少缺点，群众还有一些不满意的地方，多年积累的深层次矛盾从根本上解决还需要相当长时间。农民增收缓慢，就业和社会保障任务重，区域发展不平衡，部分社会成员收入差距过大，资源环境压力增加。在经济加快发展的过程中，又出现一些新的矛盾，特别是投资规模偏大，部分行业和地区盲目投资、低水平重复建设比较严重，能源、交通和部分原材料供求关系紧张。粮食减产较多，违法违规占用耕地现象比较突出。社会事业发展滞后，群众对上学难、看病难等问题反映比较强烈。城乡不少低收入居民生活还比较困难。一些地方严重刑事犯罪案件屡有发生。重大安全事故接连出现，给人民群众生命财产造成严重损失，教训极为深刻。我们还清醒地看到，有些政府工作人员存在主观主义、形式主义和官僚主义作风，奢侈浪费，弄虚作假，甚至贪污腐败。政府自身建设和反腐败工作十分艰巨。
We must not evade these difficulties and problems but instead face them squarely; we must work hard to resolve them and not let them grow. The government will shoulder heavy responsibilities for years to come. We must remain sober-minded, become more aware of potential problems and enhance our sense of historical responsibility. We must make up our minds to forge ahead in spite of difficulties and to work in a pioneering and creative spirit and in a down-to-earth manner. We must take on new tests with a fresh mental outlook and a new style of work, and we absolutely must not fail to live up to the expectations of the people.
对这些矛盾和问题，必须高度重视而不可回避，认真解决而不可任其发展。政府工作任重道远。我们要保持清醒头脑，增强忧患意识和历史责任感，下定决心，知难而进，开拓创新，扎实工作，以新的精神状态、新的工作面貌，迎接新的考验，决不辜负人民的期望。
II. Principal Domestic Tasks for 2004
二、2004年主要任务
The year 2004 is a crucial year for China's reform and development. The main ideas and principal tasks for the work of the government are: to take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide; to comprehensively put into practice the guidelines of the Party's Sixteenth National Congress and the Third Plenary Session of its Sixteenth Central Committee; to make the most of the present important strategic opportunities while they last; to make development our top priority and adhere to the scientific viewpoint of development; to pay more attention to exercising macro-control, balancing the interests of all parties, putting people first, and promoting reform and innovation in accordance with the "five balanced aspects" (balancing urban and rural development, balancing development among regions, balancing economic and social development, balancing development of man and nature, and balancing domestic development and opening wider to the outside world); to concentrate on resolving prominent conflicts in economic and social development and acute problems concerning the vital interests of the people and properly balancing reform, development and stability; to promote all-round, balanced and sustainable development of the economy and society; and to coordinate the progress of socialist material, political and spiritual civilizations.
今年是我国改革和发展十分关键的一年。政府工作的基本思路和主要任务是，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，全面贯彻党的十六大和十六届三中全会精神，抓住重要战略机遇期，抓好发展这个第一要务，坚持科学发展观，按照“五个统筹”的要求，更加注重搞好宏观调控，更加注重统筹兼顾，更加注重以人为本，更加注重改革创新，着力解决经济社会发展中的突出矛盾，着力解决关系人民群众切身利益的突出问题，正确处理改革发展稳定的关系，推动经济社会全面、协调、可持续发展，实现社会主义物质文明、政治文明和精神文明共同进步。
1.Strengthening and improving macro-control and maintaining stable and rapid economic growth
（一）加强和改善宏观调控，保持经济平稳较快发展
The basic focus of this year's economic work is to safeguard, guide and utilize the enthusiasm of all sides for accelerating development in order to achieve stable and rapid economic growth without drastic fluctuations. In setting a target for this year's economic growth of around 7%, the central government has taken into consideration both the need for continuity in macro-control and the relationship between the pace of economic growth and the conditions for its attainment, including supply and demand in energy, important raw and processed materials, and transport capacity, also taking into account the need to alleviate the pressure on resources and the environment. This target also encourages all sides to focus on deepening reform, adjusting the economic structure and improving the quality and efficiency of economic growth and to devote more financial and material resources to promoting social development and strengthening weak links.
今年经济工作的基本着眼点，是把各方面加快发展的积极性保护好、引导好、发挥好，实现经济平稳较快发展，防止经济出现大起大落。中央提出今年经济增长预期目标为7％左右，既考虑了保持宏观调控目标的连续性，也考虑了经济增长速度与能源、重要原材料、交通运输等实际条件的衔接，减轻对资源和环境的压力。这也有利于引导各方面把主要精力放在深化改革、调整结构、提高经济增长的质量和效益上，把更多的财力、物力用在社会发展和加强薄弱环节上。
To ensure effective macro-control, we need to maintain consistency and stability in our macroeconomic policies while adjusting the intensity and focus of policy implementation at the proper time and to an appropriate degree in response to developments and changes in the economic situation. By "at the proper time," we mean seizing the opportune moment for introducing control measures by observing small clues that may indicate what is coming in order to forestall any possible trouble. By "to an appropriate degree," we mean that macro-control should neither be too loose nor too tight and that we must not apply the brakes too hard or apply control measures too rigidly.
搞好宏观调控，既要保持宏观经济政策的连续性和稳定性，又要根据经济形势发展变化，适时适度调整政策实施的力度和重点。适时，就是把握好调控措施出台的时机，见微知著，防患于未然；适度，就是松紧得当，不急刹车，不一刀切。
We must adhere to the policy of expanding domestic demand and continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy. The issuance of construction treasury bonds is an interim policy adopted during a period of insufficient demand. Their scale should be reduced gradually as the increase in nongovernmental investment accelerates. We plan to issue 110 billion yuan in construction treasury bonds this year, 30 billion yuan less than last year. As the issuance of treasury bonds is to be reduced year by year, it will be necessary to appropriately increase the investment from the central budget for regular construction annually in order to develop a regular government investment mechanism and stabilize the sources of funding. To begin with, we plan an increase of 5 billion yuan this year. The general idea is to appropriately increase investment from the central budget for regular construction each year for several years while systematically decreasing the issuance of treasury bonds, and at the same time ensuring that the size of the deficit remains at the current level. We will adjust the way funds from construction treasury bonds are used, concentrating them on promoting economic restructuring and ensuring all-round social development. This year, funds from the sale of treasury bonds will be directed toward rural areas, social undertakings, the western region, northeast China and other old industrial bases, ecological improvement, environmental protection, and ongoing bond-financed projects. We need to manage and use treasury bonds well and ensure the quality of the projects they finance and the efficient use of investment capital. We must continue to do our fiscal and taxation work well by working hard to increase revenue and reduce expenditure, collecting taxes in strict accordance with the law and guaranteeing funding for key items. We should make full use of the role of monetary policy, appropriately control the size of credit and optimize the credit structure to support economic growth while fending off inflation and financial risks. We will work to basically balance international payments and keep the exchange rate for the Renminbi basically stable at a proper and balanced level.
要坚持扩大内需的方针，继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策。发行建设国债是在需求不足的情况下采取的阶段性政策，
随着社会投资增长加快，应逐步调减发债规模。今年拟发行建设国债1100亿元，比上年减少300亿元。为了建立正常的政府投资机制和稳定的资金来源，在逐年减少国债发行规模的同时，要逐年适当增加中央预算内经常性建设投资，今年拟先增加50亿元。总的考虑是，经过几年努力，在现有财政赤字规模不扩大的情况下，中央预算内经常性建设投资逐步增加到一定规模，同时逐步减少发行建设国债。要调整建设国债使用方向，集中用于促进经济结构调整和社会全面发展。今年国债投资要向农村、社会事业、西部开发、东北地区等老工业基地、生态建设和环境保护倾斜，保证续建国债项目建设。要切实管好用好国债资金，确保国债项目工程质量和资金使用效益。继续做好财政税收工作，大力增收节支，严格依法征税，保证重点支出。充分发挥货币政策的作用，适当控制货币信贷规模，优化信贷结构，既要支持经济增长，又要防止通货膨胀和防范金融风险。促进国际收支基本平衡，保持人民币汇率在合理、均衡水平上基本稳定。
One important task for macro-control this year is to appropriately control the scale of investment in fixed assets and firmly halt haphazard investment and low-level, redundant construction in some industries and regions. Guided by market forces, we will use a comprehensive range of measures, mainly economic and legal means supplemented by any necessary administrative measures, to strengthen guidance and control. First, industrial policies and planning should be improved and the information release system for industries should be improved to correctly guide nongovernmental investment. Second, we must quickly formulate and revise standards for admittance into industries and enforce market admittance strictly. Projects that do not meet standards for environmental protection, safety, energy consumption, level of technology or quality and have not yet been started should be blocked and those already under construction should resolve such problems, while those already completed should be upgraded within a specified time. Third, land-use management must be improved in accordance with the law. No land should be approved for projects that fail to meet the requirements of the state's industrial policies and standards for admittance into industries. We should continue clearing up problems relating to development zones and rectifying and standardizing the land market. Fourth, auditing and oversight of credit transactions must be strengthened. Financial institutions should not make any loans to new projects or rebuilding and expansion projects that do not meet the requirements for market access. Fifth, the taxation system must be tightened and the practice of introducing unauthorized tax privileges must be stopped and rectified. On the basis of these measures we will strive to optimize the investment structure, keep the overall investment volume at a reasonable level and improve returns on investment. In order to take a new road to industrialization, we must base the national economy and society on IT and upgrade the industrial structure. We will energetically promote the development of new and high technology industries capable of spurring economic growth and with proprietary intellectual property rights. We will accelerate the revival of the equipment manufacturing industry. We will energetically develop modern distribution, tourism, intermediary services and other aspects of tertiary industry, and gradually raise their proportion in the national economy.
适当控制固定资产投资规模，坚决遏制部分行业和地区盲目投资、低水平重复建设，是今年宏观调控的一项重要任务。要坚持以市场为导向，主要运用经济、法律手段，辅之以必要的行政手段，加强引导和调控。一要完善产业政策和行业规划，健全行业信息发布制度，正确引导社会投资方向。二要抓紧制定和完善行业准入标准，严格市场准入。凡在环保、安全、能耗、技术、质量等方面不符合标准的项目，尚未建设的不准开工，在建的要进行清理，已建的要限期改造。三要依法加强用地管理。对不符合国家产业政策和行业准入标准的建设项目，一律不得批准用地。继续清理开发区，整顿规范土地市场。四要强化信贷审核和监管。对不符合市场准入条件的新建项目和改扩建项目，金融机构不予贷款。五要严肃税制，坚决禁止和纠正擅自出台税收优惠政策的行为。通过这些措施，努力使投资结构得到调整和优化，投资总规模保持合理水平，投资效益得到提高。要按照走新型工业化道路的要求，推进国民经济和社会信息化，促进产业结构优化升级。积极发展对经济增长带动作用大和拥有自主知识产权的高新技术产业。加快振兴装备制造业。大力发展现代流通、旅游、中介服务等第三产业，逐步提高其在国民经济中的比重。
To ensure stable and rapid economic development, we must alleviate the current disparities between supply and demand in energy, important raw and processed materials and transport capacity. On the one hand, we must increase the production of coal, electricity and processed oil while at the same time strengthen the regulation of economic activity to balance supply and demand in coal, electricity, oil, transport capacity and important raw and processed materials while meeting the needs of the people, important industries and key enterprises. We must speed up the development of large coal mines, important power generating facilities and power grids, the exploration
and exploitation of petroleum and other important resources, and the construction of major transport trunk lines and hubs. On the other hand, we must increase production and practice economy, with the emphasis on economizing. This is not only urgently needed to alleviate the current disparities between supply and demand, but is also a long- term strategy to alleviate the pressure on resources and the environment. The way the economy grows must change, and all industries must eliminate waste, reduce consumption of energy and raw and processed materials, and use resources more efficiently, to develop production and consumption patterns that conserve resources and build a conservation-minded society.
保持经济平稳较快发展，必须缓解当前能源、重要原材料和运输的供求矛盾。一方面，要增加煤炭、电力、油品生产；加强经济运行调节，促进煤、电、油、运和重要原材料的供需衔接，保证居民生活、重要行业和重点企业的需要；加快大型煤炭基地、重要电源电网建设，加快石油等重要资源勘探开发，加快重大交通运输干线与枢纽工程建设。另一方面，要坚持增产与节约并举，把节约放在优先位置。这不仅是当前解决供需矛盾的迫切需要，也是缓解我国资源环境压力的长远之计。必须切实转变经济增长方式，各行各业都要杜绝浪费，降低消耗，提高资源利用效率，形成有利于节约资源的生产模式和消费方式，建设资源节约型社会。
Balancing investment and consumption is an important aspect of this year's work for macro-control. Consumption occupies too small a proportion of China's GDP. This is not conducive to ensuring a stable increase in domestic demand, sustaining rapid economic growth and establishing a beneficial economic cycle. We must work hard to increase the incomes of both urban and rural residents and raise their purchasing power. Regulation of income distribution will be intensified to enable low- and middle-income people to consume more. Consumption on credit must be expanded, consumption policies must be optimized and the consumption climate must be improved. To adapt to changes in consumption patterns, we need to expand the consumption of services and improve the production and supply structure. The reform measures we take should enhance consumer confidence, so as to create positive consumer expectations and increase immediate consumption. We should gradually reduce the rate of investment in relation to the rate of consumption.
合理调整投资与消费的关系，是今年宏观调控的重要方面。我国消费在国内生产总值中的比重偏低，不利于国内需求的稳定扩大，不利于国民经济持续较快增长和良性循环。要努力增加城乡居民收入，提高居民购买力水平；加大收入分配调节力度，提高中低收入居民的消费能力；发展消费信贷，完善消费政策，改善消费环境；适应消费结构的变化，扩大服务消费领域，改善生产供给结构；各项改革措施要有利于增强消费者信心，形成良好的消费预期，增加即期消费。要通过不断努力，逐步改变投资率偏高、消费率偏低的状况。
2. Consolidating and strengthening the position of agriculture as the foundation of the national economy and increasing rural incomes and agricultural production
（二）巩固和加强农业基础地位，实现农民增收和农业增产
Solving problems facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers is a top priority in all our work. Once again, China's agriculture is in a crucial period of its development. This year we must take more direct and effective policies and measures to strengthen, support and protect agriculture and increase rural incomes in line with the need to balance urban and rural development.
解决农业、农村和农民问题，是我们全部工作的重中之重。当前，我国农业发展又处在一个关键时期。今年要按照统筹城乡发展的要求，采取更直接、更有力的政策措施，加强农业，支持农业，保护农业，努力增加农民收入。
First, the overall grain production capability must be maintained and increased. The strictest possible system for protecting farmland will be implemented and control over the use of farmland will be strengthened in accordance with the law. We will resolutely put an end to illegal acquisition and use of farmland and rectify unauthorized changes in the use of primary farmland. Reform of the system for land expropriation and requisition will be accelerated, and the expropriation and requisition procedures and mechanisms for compensation will be improved to ensure that the compensation for expropriated or requisitioned land is appropriate. The acreage sown in grain crops will be expanded, and the yield per unit area increased. Support will be focused on increasing production in major grain producing areas. Projects to industrialize production of high-quality grains will be undertaken. We will make primary farmland capable of producing stable, high yields.
第一，保护和提高粮食综合生产能力。实行最严格的耕地保护制度，依法加强耕地管理，坚决制止乱占滥用耕地，纠正随意改变基本农田用途的现象。加快改革土地征收、征用制度，完善土地征收、征用程序和补偿机制，确保占补平衡。扩大粮食播种面积，努力提高单产。重点支持主产区发展粮食生产，启动优质粮食产业工程，建设稳产高产基本农田。
Second, we will promote strategic restructuring of agriculture and the rural economy. Great efforts will be made to develop high- quality, high-yield, cost-effective, eco-friendly and safe agriculture, to improve the quality of agricultural products and enhance their competitiveness. We will carry forward the development of industrial belts for producing competitive agricultural products and promote the industrialization of agriculture. We will energetically develop animal husbandry and prevent and control the spread of the highly pathogenic bird flu and other animal epidemics. We will encourage the development of industries that process agricultural products and other non- agricultural industries in rural areas and expand intra-county economies. We will steadily carry out the process of urbanization. We will improve the employment environment for rural workers in cities, provide them with more and better training and create more jobs for them in various ways.
第二，推进农业和农村经济结构战略性调整。大力发展优质、高产、高效、生态、安全农业，提高农产品质量和竞争力。推进优势农产品产业带建设，促进农业产业化经营。积极发展畜牧业，切实做好高致病性禽流感等动物疫病的防治工作。发展农产品加工业等农村非农产业，壮大县域经济。稳步推进城镇化，改善农民进城就业环境，加强农民工培训，多渠道扩大农村劳动力转移就业。
Third, we will press ahead with the reform of rural taxes and administrative charges. All taxes on special agricultural products will be repealed except for tobacco, thus reducing the financial burden on farmers by 4.8 billion yuan annually. Beginning this year, the agricultural tax rate will be reduced by more than 1 percentage point per year on average, and agricultural taxes will be rescinded in five years. The agricultural tax burden on farmers will be reduced by 7 billion yuan this year. The central government will appropriate 39.6 billion yuan this year from its budget for transfer payments to support the reform of rural taxes and administrative charges. We will accelerate reforms of county and township government institutions.
第三，继续推进农村税费改革。除烟叶外，取消农业特产税，每年可使农民减轻负担48亿元。从今年起，逐步降低农业税税率，平均每年降低1个百分点以上，五年内取消农业税。今年农业税率降低可使农民减轻负担70亿元。为支持农村税费改革，今年中央财政拿出396亿元用于转移支付。加快推进县乡机构等配套改革。
Fourth, we will deepen the reform of the grain distribution system. All controls over grain purchase and sales markets will be lifted. The reform of state-owned grain enterprises will be accelerated. Control and regulation of grain markets will be strengthened, and subsidies will be given directly to grain producers. The state will appropriate 10 billion yuan this year from its grain risk fund to directly subsidize these producers in order to stimulate their enthusiasm for grain production. The prices of the means of agricultural production will be better monitored and controlled to protect farmers' interests.
第四，深化粮食流通体制改革。全面放开粮食购销市场，加快国有粮食企业改革，加强粮食市场管理和调控，对种粮农民实行直接补贴。今年国家从粮食风险基金中拿出100亿元，直接补贴种粮农民，以调动农民种粮的积极性。加强农业生产资料价格监管，保护农民利益。
Fifth, we will increase investment in agriculture and rural areas. Governments at all levels must invest more in agriculture, rural areas and farmers. This year, the central government will appropriate over 30 billion yuan for this purpose, at least 20% more than last year. Treasury bond funds should be invested mainly in the construction of six categories of small projects for rural areas (water-efficient irrigation, potable water supplies, roads, methane production facilities, hydroelectric plants and pasture enclosure) and in construction of water control projects, in order to improve the living and production conditions of farmers. We will continue to aid the rural poor through development by increasing funding for poverty alleviation in various ways and giving people work in place of relief subsidies. Rural financial services will be improved. To assist rural residents expand production, rural credit cooperatives will extend more micro- credit loans to individual families and groups in rural areas.
第五，加大对农业和农村投入力度。各级政府都要增加对“三农”的投入。今年中央财政投入增加300亿元以上，比上年增长20％以上。国债投资重点加强农村“六小工程”和农田水利建设，改善农民生产生活条件。继续搞好农村扶贫开发，多渠道增加扶贫资金投入，扩大以工代赈规模。改进农村金融服务，农村信用社要增加农户小额信用贷款和农户联保贷款，支持农民发展生产。
Sixth, progress in agro-science will be accelerated. We will tackle agro-science problems with greater intensity and increase our ability to make advances in agro-science and hold them in reserve and find applications for them. We will strengthen the system for spreading the application of science and technology in rural areas. We will energetically promote wider application of advanced applied technology that can help increase production and improve productivity. We will expand both the size and scope of subsidies for developing seeds of high-quality crop varieties.
第六，加快农业科技进步。加强农业科研攻关，增强农业科技创新、储备和转化能力。加强农村科技推广体系建设，大力推广增产增效的先进适用技术，扩大农作物良种补贴范围和规模。
3.Coordinating economic development in different regions and promoting the development of the western region and the revitalization of northeast China and other old industrial bases
（三）统筹区域协调发展，推进西部大开发和东北地区等老工业基地振兴
Promoting the coordinated development of all regions is of strategic importance to China's modernization drive. We need to steadfastly push forward with the development of the western region, revitalize northeast China and other old industrial bases, promote the development of the central region and encourage faster development in the eastern region so that the eastern, central and western regions can better interact, complement and support each other, and develop together.
促进区域协调发展，是我国现代化建设中的一个重大战略问题。要坚持推进西部大开发，振兴东北地区等老工业基地，促进中部地区崛起，鼓励东部地区加快发展，形成东中西互动、优势互补、相互促进、共同发展的新格局。
We will continue to implement the strategy of developing the western region. On the basis of a conscientious review of our experience, we will improve our policies and carry out relevant measures to ensure positive and orderly progress. We will work in a down-to-earth manner to ensure successful implementation of such key ecological conservation projects as returning farmland to forests and animal breeding grounds to pastures, protecting natural forests, bringing sources of sandstorms under effective control and preventing karst areas from becoming stony deserts. We will strengthen infrastructure development efforts, emphasizing major projects of key importance to the overall economy to increase the potential for economic development. At the same time, we will continue to pay adequate attention to the construction of smaller projects that will improve the living and production conditions of farmers and herdsmen. Social undertakings will be promoted, with priority given to compulsory education, public health and primary-level cultural undertakings. We will encourage the development of economies with local characteristics and competitive industries and promote the development of key regions.
继续实施西部大开发战略，认真总结经验，完善政策，落实各项措施，积极有序地推进。扎实搞好退耕还林、退牧还草、天然林保护、风沙源和石漠化治理等重点生态工程；加强基础设施建设，重点抓好关系全局的重大项目，不断增强经济发展后劲，继续抓好改善农牧民生产生活条件的小型工程建设；以义务教育、公共卫生和基层文化建设为重点，促进社会事业发展；积极发展特色经济和优势产业，推进重点区域和地带开发。
We will conscientiously implement the strategy for revitalizing northeast China and other old industrial bases, working to get off to a good start this year. We must carry out all the policies and measures of the central authorities, emphasizing innovation in institutions and mechanisms and opening wider both domestically and internationally. We need to accelerate economic restructuring and technological progress, especially for key industries and enterprises, transform the resource-based economies of certain cities, and solve the problem of sinking land and cave-ins above exhausted mines in coalmining areas. We must uphold the principles of self-reliance and hard work and let cadres and the general public give full expression to their initiative and creativeness.
认真实施东北地区等老工业基地振兴战略，今年要有一个良好的开端。落实中央的各项政策措施，突出体制机制创新，扩大对
内对外开放。加快经济结构调整和技术进步，着力抓好重点行业、重点企业的调整改造，做好资源型城市经济转型和采煤沉陷区治理工作。要坚持自力更生，艰苦创业，充分发挥广大干部群众的进取精神和创造精神。
Accelerating the development of the central region is an important aspect of our endeavor to ensure well-balanced development of regional economies. The state is encouraging the central region to exploit its geographical and economic advantages to quicken the pace of its reform, opening up and development, modernize its agriculture, and build key areas for commercial grain production, strengthen its infrastructure development, expand its competitive manufacturing and new and high technology industries, and raise its levels of industrialization and urbanization.
加快中部地区发展是区域协调发展的重要方面。国家支持中部地区发挥区位优势和经济优势，加快改革开放和发展步伐，加强现代农业和重要商品粮基地建设，加强基础设施建设，发展有竞争力的制造业和高新技术产业，提高工业化和城镇化水平。
Accelerating development of the eastern region will strengthen the country financially, materially, scientifically and technologically, thereby providing more support for the development of the central and western regions. The eastern region should continue making the most of its advantages, speed up efforts to upgrade its industrial structure and make its economy more oriented to the global market; areas where conditions are most favorable should take the lead in becoming basically modern. The eastern, central and western regions should increase cooperation in various ways and gradually achieve common prosperity through balanced development. The government will continue to take measures to help old revolutionary base areas develop more quickly.
东部地区加快发展，有利于增强国家财力、物力和科技实力，更好地支持中西部地区发展。要继续发挥优势，加快产业结构升级，进一步发展外向型经济，有条件的地方要率先基本实现现代化。东、中、西部地区要加强多种形式的合作，在协调发展中逐步实现共同富裕。国家继续采取措施，支持革命老区加快发展。
4.Continuing to implement the strategy of invigorating China through science and education and staying on the road of sustainable development
（四）继续实施科教兴国战略，坚持走可持续发展之路
In the course of development, we will steadfastly give priority to education and devote more energy and financial resources to accelerating its development. We will adopt a fresh round of measures to implement the Action Plan for Reinvigorating Education, with the focus on compulsory education, particularly in rural areas. This year we will begin to implement the plan to make nine- year compulsory education basically available throughout the western region and basically eliminate illiteracy among the adults there by 2007. The central government will spend 10 billion yuan on this work. The system for managing compulsory education in rural areas must be improved by shifting the main responsibility to county governments and increasing transfer payments from central, provincial and city (prefectural) governments for compulsory education in poverty-stricken counties. The central government will contribute 6 billion yuan to carrying out the second phase of the plan for renovating dangerous primary and secondary school buildings in rural areas. Both central and local governments will increase their investment to develop modern distance education in rural primary and secondary schools. We will work to optimize the education structure, take energetic and steady steps to develop higher education, and put more effort into developing vocational education and continuing education. Schools of all kinds and at all levels should fully implement the Party's education policy, emphasize competence-oriented education, deepen the reform of education and improve its quality. We will standardize and develop non-government funded education. Unauthorized collection of fees by educational institutions must be resolutely stopped to reduce the financial burden on students' families.
切实把教育放在优先发展的地位，用更大的精力、更多的财力加快教育事业发展。实施新一轮《教育振兴行动计划》，重点加强义务教育特别是农村教育。今年要启动西部地区“两基”攻坚计划，到2007年使西部地区基本普及九年义务教育，基本扫除青壮年文盲，中央财政将为此投入100亿元。要完善农村义务教育“以县为主”的管理体制，中央财政和省、市（地）财政要增加对贫困县义务教育的转移支付。继续实施第二期农村中小学危房改造，中央财政将投入60亿元。中央财政和地方财政还将加大投入，发展农村中小学现代远程教育。优化教育结构，积极稳步发展高等教育，大力发展职业教育和继续教育。各级各类学校都
要全面贯彻党的教育方针，加强素质教育，深化教育改革，提高教育质量。规范和发展民办教育。坚决治理教育乱收费，切实减轻学生家庭负担。
This year, we will continue to concentrate on formulating a medium- and long-range state plan for developing science and technology in order to define the strategy, objectives, tasks and policies in this field for the coming 15 years. Institutional reform and innovation in the field of science and technology should be continued. We will accelerate the establishment of a national innovation system and construction of the science and technology infrastructure, and effectively strengthen basic research. We will carry out a number of projects of major importance for overall economic and social development, promote the integration of science and technology with industry and encourage the application of new and high technologies in industrial production. We consider social and natural sciences equally important and will make full use of the important role of philosophy and social sciences in economic and social development.
今年，要继续集中力量完成国家中长期科学和技术发展规划的编制，确定未来15年我国科技发展战略、目标、任务和政策。要推进科技体制改革和机制创新。加快国家创新体系和科技基础设施建设，切实加强基础研究。组织实施一批关系经济社会发展全局的重大科技项目，促进科学技术与产业结合，推动高新技术产业化。坚持社会科学和自然科学并重，充分发挥哲学社会科学在经济和社会发展中的重要作用。
We should conscientiously implement the strategy of reinvigorating China through human resource development. Training, recruiting and properly using talented people in all fields should provide substantial personnel and intellectual support for the modernization drive.
认真实施人才强国战略。大力培养、积极引进、合理使用各类人才，为现代化建设提供坚强的人才保证和智力支持。
We will vigorously implement the strategy of sustainable development and successfully carry out all work related to population, natural resources and the environment in line with the need to balance development of man and nature. We will keep the birthrate low and improve the health of newborns. We will improve the infrastructure and service system for family planning at the primary level and strengthen the management of family planning among the floating population. Work related to senior citizens should be carefully conducted. We will implement the national plans for ecological and environmental protection and conservation conscientiously and implement a strategy for developing forestry focused on ecological conservation. We will intensify law enforcement to strengthen ecological and environmental control and monitoring. We will strictly control the discharge of major pollutants and work hard to eliminate environmental pollution that seriously threatens people's health and safety. We will energetically promote the recycling industry and clean production. We will protect our land and resources in accordance with the law and utilize them rationally. We will pay close attention to the development and protection of marine resources. We will better conserve our water resources and use them more economically. We will do a good job of disaster prevention and reduction.
积极实施可持续发展战略，按照统筹人与自然和谐发展的要求，做好人口、资源、环境工作。稳定低生育水平，提高出生人口素质。完善基层计划生育基础设施和服务体系，切实加强流动人口计划生育管理。做好老龄人口工作。认真实施全国生态环境保护和建设规划，实施以生态建设为主的林业发展战略。加大执法力度，强化生态环境监管，严格控制主要污染物排放，抓紧解决严重威胁人民群众健康安全的环境污染问题。大力发展循环经济，推行清洁生产。依法保护与合理利用国土资源。重视海洋资源开发与保护。加强水资源保护和节约利用。做好防灾减灾工作。
5.Accelerating the development of health, culture and sports and promoting spiritual civilization
（五）加快卫生文化体育事业发展，加强精神文明建设
We have three priorities in the area of health this year. The first is to strengthen the public health system. We will try to establish within three years a fully functioning system for disease prevention and control and for emergency medical aid that covers both urban and rural areas in order to increase our ability to deal with serious epidemic diseases and other public health emergencies. We need to maintain a high degree of vigilance and take firm and effective measures to control SARS, AIDS, schistosomiasis and other serious communicable
diseases. The second priority is to improve medical and sanitation conditions in rural areas and carry out pilot projects on a new type of rural cooperative medical care system. We need to focus our medical and health efforts on rural areas, upgrade the medical and sanitation infrastructure and train more medical and sanitation personnel there to gradually alleviate the shortage of medical services and medicines there. We will press ahead steadily with the pilot projects for a new type of system for rural cooperative medical care and health services based on the actual conditions in different regions. Our objective is to establish a rural medical care system organized and guided by the government, based on mutual assistance of the participants, and with voluntary participation of local people and diverse sources of funding from individuals, collectives and the government, one which takes treatment of serious diseases as its main responsibility and ensures that the rural population benefits from it. The third priority is to vigorously promote the trial reform of the urban medical care and health service system. We will continue to reform the basic medical insurance system for urban working people, the medical care and health service system and the pharmaceutical production and distribution system. Medical institutions should be managed according to their type in order to ensure rational distribution and efficient utilization of the available health care resources. Community-based health care should be developed and medical and health services should be improved. At the same time, an extensive patriotic sanitation campaign should be carried out in both urban and rural areas.
发展卫生事业，今年重点抓好三件事。一是加强公共卫生体系建设。力争用三年时间，基本建成覆盖城乡、功能完善的疾病预防控制和医疗救治体系，提高应对重大传染病等突发公共卫生事件的能力。要高度重视并采取坚决有力措施，做好非典型肺炎、艾滋病、血吸虫病等重大传染病的防治工作。二是改善农村医疗卫生条件，做好新型农村合作医疗制度试点工作。要切实把医疗卫生工作的重点放在农村，加强农村医疗卫生基础设施和农村卫生队伍建设，逐步改善农村缺医少药的状况。要从各地实际出发，积极稳妥地推进新型农村合作医疗制度试点，逐步建立由政府组织和引导，农民自愿参加，个人、集体和政府多方筹资，以大病统筹为主的农民医疗互助共济制度，确保农民群众受益。三是积极推进城镇医疗卫生体制改革试点。继续改革城镇职工基本医疗保险制度、医疗卫生和药品生产流通体制。实行医疗机构分类管理，合理配置和有效使用卫生资源，发展社区卫生事业，改进医疗卫生服务。同时，在城乡广泛开展爱国卫生运动。
The people's intellectual and cultural needs are constantly increasing along with the economic development and social progress in China, so we must attach greater importance to cultural development. It is necessary to energetically develop an advanced socialist culture. We will vigorously promote national spirit centered on patriotism and intensify the ideological and moral education of young people in particular. We must encourage the general public to participate in activities designed to promote spiritual civilization. We will strengthen basic-level cultural development in rural areas, urban communities and enterprises. We will spread scientific knowledge and promote a scientific spirit, a scientific and healthy lifestyle and good manners. We must further develop literature, art, the press, publishing, radio, film and television. We will follow a strategy of product excellence to provide more healthful, inspiring cultural works that people can enjoy. We will press ahead with formulating an overall plan f or cultural restructuring and a program for cultural development. We should promote the reform of the system and innovation of the mechanisms of the cultural industry, give more support to non-profit cultural undertakings and improve our policy for the cultural industry to give a greater role to the market and ensure the simultaneous development of cultural undertakings and the cultural industry. We should do more to protect our cultural relics and archives as well as our natural and cultural heritage. We will continue to strengthen the development and management of the market for cultural products and the Internet, fight unremittingly against pornographic and illegal publications and actively conduct cultural exchanges with other countries. We will carry out extensive mass fitness programs and strive to raise the standards of our competitive sports. We will continue to work hard to prepare for the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing and the 2010 World Exposition in Shanghai.
随着我国经济发展和社会进步，人民群众的精神文化需求不断增长，必须把文化建设摆到更加重要的位置。要大力发展社会主义先进文化。弘扬以爱国主义精神为核心的民族精神，特别要加强对青少年的思想道德教育。积极开展群众性精神文明创建活动。加强农村、社区和企业等基层文化建设。普及科学知识，弘扬科学精神。倡导科学、健康、文明的生活方式。进一步发展文学艺术、新闻出版和广播影视业，实施精品战略，提供更多健康向上、人民群众喜闻乐见的精神文化产品。抓紧制定文化体制改革总体方案和文化发展纲要。积极推动文化体制改革和机制创新，加大对公益性文化事业扶持力度，完善文化产业政策，发挥市场机制作用，促进文化事业和文化产业共同发展。搞好文物、档案工作和自然、文化遗产保护工作。继续加强文化市场和互联网的建设与管理，坚持不懈地进行“扫黄”“打非”斗争。积极扩大对外文化交流。广泛开展全民健身运动，努力提高竞技体
育水平。继续做好2008年北京奥运会和2010年上海世界博览会的准备工作。
6. Seizing the opportune moment and deepening economic restructuring
（六）抓住有利时机，深化经济体制改革
We will systematically carry forward reforms this year, focusing on certain areas in accordance with the decision adopted at the Third Plenary Session of the Sixteenth CPC Central Committee and strive to make fresh progress in some important areas.
今年，要按照党的十六届三中全会决定的部署，有重点有步骤地推进改革，力求在一些重要方面取得新进展。
We will deepen the reforms of the state asset management system and state-owned enterprises. We need to promptly improve legislation pertaining to oversight and management of state assets and methods for its implementation, conduct research to establish a budgetary system for state capital management and a performance evaluation mechanism for enterprises, and make sure that the responsibilities for state asset management are truly met. We should energetically work to transform state-owned enterprises into standard stock companies, optimize the structure of property ownership, improve corporate governance and encourage enterprises to change how they operate. We will vigorously develop a mixed ownership economy and gradually make the shareholding system the principal form of public ownership. We will press ahead with the reform and reorganization of the telecommunications, electricity and civil aviation industries, make steady progress in the reform of the postal service and railway transport, and encourage the commercialization of urban public utilities. A number of large, competitive companies or conglomerates that own proprietary intellectual property rights and name brands should emerge through reform and development. We will continue to reform collectively owned enterprises and develop diverse forms of the collective economy.
深化国有资产管理体制和国有企业改革。抓紧完善国有资产监督管理相关法规和实施办法，研究建立国有资本经营预算制度和企业经营业绩考核体系，进一步落实国有资产经营责任。积极推进国有企业规范的股份制改造，完善产权结构和法人治理结构，推动企业经营机制转换。大力发展混合所有制经济，逐步使股份制成为公有制的主要实现形式。继续做好电信、电力、民航等行业的改革重组工作，稳步推进邮政、铁路行业改革。推进市政公用事业的市场化进程。通过改革和发展，形成一批核心竞争力强、拥有自主知识产权和知名品牌的大公司大企业集团。继续推进集体企业改革，发展多种形式的集体经济。
We will vigorously promote the development of the non-public sector of the economy and actively guide it. Governments at all levels must promptly eliminate or revise regulations and policies that restrict the development of this sector and implement measures that relax market access. We will conduct further studies and formulate specific methods to encourage non-public enterprises to participate in the reorganization of state-owned enterprises and expand into infrastructure development, public utilities and other industries and domains. We will take measures to ensure that non-public enterprises receive the same treatment as other enterprises in investment, financing, taxation, land use and foreign trade. We will protect their legitimate rights and interests and improve government service to and oversight over them, so as to support and encourage qualified non-public enterprises in their efforts to grow stronger and larger. We will speed up the establishment of a modern system of ownership.
大力发展和积极引导非公有制经济。各级政府要抓紧清理和修订限制非公有制经济发展的法规和政策，落实放宽市场准入的措施。进一步研究制定鼓励非公有制企业参与国有企业改组改造，进入基础设施、公用事业及其他行业和领域的具体办法。在投融资、税收、土地使用和对外贸易等方面，采取措施保障非公有制企业与其他企业享受同等待遇。保护非公有制企业的合法权益，改进服务和监管，支持和鼓励有条件的企业做强做大。加快推进现代产权制度建设。
We will carry forward the reform of the financial system. We need to accelerate the reform of the wholly state-owned commercial banks, focusing on a pilot project to transform the Bank of China and China Construction Bank into stock enterprises. Other commercial and policy banks must also deepen their reform. We will press ahead with the trial reform of rural credit cooperatives and, on the basis of a review of that experience, gradually expand the reform to a wider area. We will continue to reform and open up the capital market and develop it steadily. We will allow the amount of bonds issued by enterprises to increase and the proportion of direct financing by
enterprises to rise gradually. We will continue reforming the insurance industry and expand the insurance market. We need to improve the regulatory systems for banking, securities and insurance, coordinate these systems better, and tighten financial control to ensure sound operation of the financial sector.
推进金融体制改革。要加快国有独资商业银行改革，重点做好中国银行和中国建设银行股份制改造试点工作。其他商业银行和政策性银行也要深化改革。继续搞好农村信用社改革试点，总结经验，逐步扩大范围。推进资本市场改革开放和稳定发展，扩大企业债券发行规模，逐步提高企业直接融资比重。继续推进保险业改革，大力发展保险市场。完善银行、证券、保险监管体制，加强相互配合，强化金融监管，维护金融稳健运行。
We will carry forward the reform of the fiscal and taxation systems. We will focus on gradually shifting from a "production V AT" to a "consumption V AT" by reclassifying equipment investment as V AT-deductible to facilitate the technological upgrading of enterprises and enhance their capability for self-development. These reform measures will be tried out first in some industries in northeast China this year. Supporting measures must be formulated quickly so that we can carry out the plan for reforming the export tax rebate system in earnest.
推进财税体制改革。重点是逐步推行增值税由生产型改为消费型，将设备投资纳入增值税抵扣范围，促进企业技术进步，提高自主发展能力。今年在东北地区部分行业先行试点。抓紧制定配套措施，认真落实出口退税机制改革方案。
We will carry forward the reform of the investment system. Our main objectives are to reform the system of government oversight of enterprise investment and allow enterprises greater independence in making investment decisions in line with the principle that "the investor makes the investment decisions, reaps the profits and bears the risks." Another objective is to rationally define the government's investment functions, improve the management of government investment and establish an accountability mechanism for government investment. Finally, we want to establish a macro-control mechanism for investment and improve control methods and measures. These efforts will result in a new investment system under which investment is guided by the market, enterprises make their own investment decisions, banks examine credit worthiness independently, various forms of financing coexist, intermediary services are standardized and macro-control is efficient.
推进投资体制改革。主要目标是：改革政府对企业投资的管理制度，按照“谁投资、谁决策、谁收益、谁承担风险”的原则，扩大和落实企业投资自主权；合理界定政府投资职能，加强政府投资管理，建立政府投资责任追究制度；健全投资宏观调控体系，改进调控方式，完善调控手段。经过努力，最终建立起市场引导投资、企业自主决策、银行独立审贷、融资方式多样、中介服务规范、宏观调控有效的新型投资体制。
We need to quickly establish a system to ensure credibility in society. We need to make intensive efforts to put in place a system for collecting information on the credibility of enterprises and individuals, a system for overseeing the credit market, and a mechanism for penalizing those who lose their credibility. We should intensify our efforts to rectify and standardize the market order, giving priority to cleaning up markets that have a direct bearing on people's health and lives such as those for food and medicine. Producing and marketing counterfeit and shoddy goods, pyramid schemes and commercial fraud must be severely punished. Intellectual property rights must be protected more effectively and piracy and patent infringement must be punished in accordance with the law. We must severely crack down on tax evasion, tax fraud, money laundering, smuggling and other illegal and criminal activities.
加快社会信用体系建设。抓紧建立企业和个人信用信息征集体系、信用市场监督管理体系和失信惩戒制度。加大整顿和规范市场秩序的力度，重点是继续抓好直接关系人民群众身体健康和生命安全的食品、药品等方面的专项整治。严厉打击制售假冒伪劣产品、非法传销和商业欺诈行为。加大知识产权保护力度，依法惩处盗版侵权行为。严厉打击偷逃骗税、洗钱和走私等违法犯罪活动。
7. Adapting to the new situation and opening still wider to the outside world
（七）适应新的形势，提高对外开放水平
We must coordinate domestic development with opening up, fully exploit domestic and foreign markets and resources, and expand development into new areas. We will do all our work pertaining to opening up energetically and improve our ability to participate in international cooperation and competition.
我们必须统筹国内发展与对外开放，充分利用国内国外两个市场、两种资源，拓展发展空间，积极主动地做好对外开放各项工作，增强参与国际合作和竞争的能力。
We will strive to keep foreign trade growing at an appropriate rate. We should continue to follow the strategy of market diversification, emphasize the export of technology , compete on quality, optimize our export mix, and promote the transformation and upgrading of the processing trade. We should improve coordination among foreign trade entities, strive to overcome trade barriers and minimize trade friction to create a fair trade environment for our enterprises. The foreign-related economic system must be further reformed. We will carry out the policy of allowing enterprises under all types of ownership to independently engage in importing and exporting. We should import more badly needed raw and processed materials, key technologies and important equipment and diversify our sources of important imports. More rational and appropriate use of foreign capital is necessary to raise the performance of foreign investment. We will continue to enforce policies and measures that encourage foreign investment and further improve our investment environment. We should speed up the implementation of the strategy of "going global" and better coordinate and guide Chinese investment abroad. Enterprises under all forms of ownership are encouraged to invest in overseas operations in various forms and expand their international market shares. We should energetically carry out bilateral, multilateral and regional economic cooperation. We will continue to conscientiously fulfill all our commitments for China's accession to the WTO.
努力保持对外贸易适度增长。要继续实施市场多元化战略，坚持科技兴贸，以质取胜，优化出口商品结构，促进加工贸易转型升级。加强对外贸易协调，努力打破贸易壁垒，减少贸易摩擦，为企业争取公平贸易的环境。深化涉外经济体制改革，落实各类所有制企业的进出口经营自主权。增加国内短缺原材料、关键技术和重大设备的进口，推进重要物资进口来源多元化。要积极合理利用外资，着力提高利用外资质量。继续实行鼓励外商投资的政策措施，进一步改善投资环境。加快实施“走出去”战略，加强对境外投资的协调和指导，鼓励各类所有制企业采取多种形式到境外投资兴业，拓展国际市场。积极开展多边、双边和区域经济合作。继续认真履行加入世贸组织的各项承诺。
8. Intensifying job creation and social security work to further improve people's lives
（八）加大就业和社会保障工作力度，进一步改善人民生活
Doing everything possible to create more jobs is one of the major responsibilities of the government. Our targets for 2004 are to create 9 million jobs for urban residents and get 5 million laid-off workers reemployed. We will continue to follow an energetic employment policy, focusing on effectively implementing the policies of fiscal and credit support and tax cuts and exemptions. The central government will allocate 8.3 billion yuan in this year's budget to subsidize reemployment, 3.6 billion yuan more than last year. We will expand the avenues for employment and emphasize the development of labor-intensive industries, small and medium-sized enterprises and the non-public sector of the economy, promote flexible and diverse types of employment and encourage people to find jobs on their own or become self-employed. We need to develop a fully functioning reemployment assistance mechanism, giving people with difficulties in finding jobs on their own hiring preference in non-profit undertakings funded by the government. We will support efforts of large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises to separate their secondary lines of business from their core business, turn their secondary lines into independent companies, and reassign their redundant personnel to these new companies. We will focus our support on reemployment of laid-off workers in old industrial bases, cities and industrial and mining areas whose locally available natural resources have been exhausted, and the defense industry and the coal and logging industries. We will improve our system of employment services to provide better job training and guidance and assist people to find job opportunities. This year is another peak year for college graduates entering the job market and ex-servicemen being transferred to civilian jobs, so we need to work hard to provide them with effective employment guidance and services.
千方百计增加就业是政府的重要职责。今年的预期目标是，新增城镇就业900万人，下岗失业人员再就业500万人。继续实施
积极的就业政策，特别要把财政、信贷支持和税费减免等政策真正落到实处。今年中央财政预算安排再就业补助资金83亿元，比去年增加36亿元。要拓展就业渠道，注重发展劳动密集型产业、中小企业和非公有制经济，推行灵活多样的就业方式，鼓励自主创业和自谋职业。要健全再就业援助制度，政府出资开发的公益性岗位要优先安置就业困难人员。支持国有大中型企业通过主辅分离、辅业改制，分流安置富余人员。要重点做好老工业基地、资源枯竭城市和独立工矿区以及军工、煤炭、森工等行业下岗失业人员的再就业工作。完善就业服务体系，加强就业技能培训、职业介绍和就业指导。今年仍是高校毕业生就业高峰年，退役军人安置任务也很重，要认真做好就业指导和服务工作。
We need to build a social security network suited to China's conditions and the level of our economic development. This is an important yet demanding task. We will continue to ensure the "two guarantees" and better integrate the "three-stage guarantee." We will steadily integrate the subsistence allowances for these workers into the unemployment insurance system. The existing system of basic old-age pensions for workers will be improved by combining contributions from enterprises and institutions with personal accounts. We will expand the coverage of social security in accordance with the law. We will intensify efforts to collect social security contributions from all types of participating enterprises. Governments at all levels must put greater effort into law enforcement and inspection in this regard. We will do a better job in providing subsistence allowances for needy urban residents and establish standards and criteria for eligibility. We will continue to raise social security funds through a variety of channels and manage them properly. On the basis of a review of our efforts to improve the urban social security system in Liaoning Province, we will extend them to Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces. The central government will allocate 77.9 billion yuan this year in subsidies for the "two guarantees" and subsistence allowances for needy urban residents, up 11.3% over last year. Local governments will also spend more in this area.
建立与我国国情相适应、与经济发展水平相适应的社会保障体系，是一项重要而艰巨的任务。要继续做好“两个确保”工作，搞好“三条保障线”的衔接。稳步推进国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障向失业保险并轨。坚持社会统筹与个人账户相结合，完善职工基本养老保险制度。依法扩大社会保险覆盖面，加强对各类参保企业社会保险费的征缴。各级政府要加强执法检查力度。进一步做好城市“低保”工作，规范“低保”标准和范围。继续多渠道筹集并管好社会保障基金。在总结辽宁省完善城镇社会保障体系试点工作的基础上，将试点范围扩大到黑龙江和吉林两省。今年，中央财政安排用于“两个确保”和城市“低保”的补助资金779亿元，比去年增长11.3％。地方财政也要增加这方面的投入。
We will take better care of urban and rural residents with special difficulties. We will continue to improve the system of social relief and assistance and help those families that cannot afford medical treatment, tuition for their children, housing or heating in winter. We will improve the "five guarantee" relief program for childless and infirm people in rural areas and ensure funding for it. We will reduce and exempt taxes in disaster-afflicted rural areas and provide relief to the affected people who have difficulties in their production and daily lives. We will show our concern for the disabled and support programs that benefit them.
对城乡特殊困难群众，要给予更多的关爱。继续完善社会救助制度。切实帮助特殊困难家庭解决就医看病、子女上学、住房、冬季取暖等实际困难。完善农村“五保户”生活保障制度，确保供养资金。切实做好农村受灾地区税收减免和受灾群众生产生活救济等工作。关心和支持残疾人事业。
We must promptly solve problems arising from the demolition of urban residential buildings and the expropriation of farmland. When demolishing urban buildings and relocating their occupants, we must ensure that overall urban development plans and short-term construction plans are strictly followed, that the area to be demolished is defined reasonably, and that the examination and approval procedures are properly applied. Furthermore, we must improve the policy for compensating and relocating displaced inhabitants, and intensify oversight and inspection. When expropriating farmland, we must strictly limit the area expropriated and follow the plan and proper procedures in accordance with the law. We must promptly give affected farmers reasonable compensation to ensure that their legitimate rights and interests are protected.
抓紧解决城镇房屋拆迁和农村土地征用中存在的问题。在城镇房屋拆迁中，要严格依据城市总体规划和近期建设规划，合理确定拆迁规模，规范审批程序，完善补偿安置政策，强化监督检查。在农村土地征用中，要严格控制征地规模，依法按规划和程序征地，及时给予农民合理补偿，切实保护农民合法权益。