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历年专八改错(2000年-2014年)真题及答案解析

2014年真题改错部分

There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition

(SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.

There is a high level of agreement that the following questions 1.___________ have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: 2.___________ ·Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the same sense

one acquires a first language? 3. __________ ·What is the explanation for the fact adults have more difficulty in 4.__________

acquiring additional languages than children have?

·What motivates people to acquire additional languages?

·What is the role of the language teaching in the acquisition of an 5.__________ additional language?

·What sociocultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the

learning of additional languages?

From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all the 6.__________ approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have one

thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiring of an

additional language is that of an individual attempts to do so. Whether 7.__________ one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additional language, it is an

individual accomplishment or what is under focus is the cognitive, 8.__________ psychological, and institutional status of an individual. That is, the

spotlight is on what mental capabilities are involving, what psychological 9.___________ factors play a role in the learning or acquisition, and whether the target

language is learnt in the classroom or acquired through social touch with 10.__________ native speakers.

2014年真题改错部分答案：

1.is 添加also a

2.possessed 改为attracted 词汇搭配attract one’s attention

3.the same sense 后添加as one 固定搭配(介词)：the same as

4.the fact 后添加that adults从句：同位语从句，关系代词that 不可省略

5.the language 去掉the , 此处泛指不特指，非特指

6.check 改为review 词汇：纵览，回顾，综述

7.attempts改为attempting 介词后+名词/动名词短语

8.or改为and 连词：顺应关系

9.involving 改为involved 非谓语动词：被动关系，用过去分词

10.t ouch 改为interaction 词汇interaction 指交流，互动；touch 触碰，指身体接触

2013年专八真题改错部分

2013年专业八级改错答案及解析：

1. production 改为producing。结构与 understanding 和remembering 保持一致，后面修饰的都是language, production language的表述不正确，producing language才是正确的。

2. 去掉 take the language for granted 里面的the。本文并没有具体指定哪一门语言，是对“语言”这一概念来说的，所以不需要the。另外，通篇的language 前面都没有the。

3. most of time 变成most of the time。most of the time 系错误的英语表达。只有Most of the time 和most time 的表述。

4. looking 改为look。构成 when you listen to 和or look 的对仗。

5. 在we might 前面加上that，构成It's only...that 的强调句型。

6. has had a stroke 改为had a stroke。表示这是过去发生的事情。

7. their language 改为his language。句子的主语是 a relative or colleague，这里的主语是单数，所以用his，为什么一般不用her 呢？男权社会嘛，一说他，基本都是he。

8. anyone 改为someone。固定表达：someone else

9. evolved 改为involved。evolve 表示“进化”，involve才表示“涉及，关于”。这里明显是说“有关speaking, listening, writing, andreading 的processes”，不是processes 进化为speaking, listening, writing, and reading

10. were 改为are。虽然前面有个given that 表让步，不过，given that 后面不接虚拟语气，所以直接保持整篇文章现在时的时态。

2012年专八真题改错部分

The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______

century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writers

favoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the l etter; the (2) _______

sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______

the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______

wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th (5) _______

century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested that

the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______

was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______

gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______

literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______

extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.

The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the

nature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Too

often, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified with

改错部分

1. going 后加on

2. cerain 改成some

3. rather 后加than

4. is 改为was

5. in 改为at

6. 去掉the

7. view 后加that

8. 删掉was

9. statement 改为statements

10.and 改为but

2011年专八真题改错部分

From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew

that when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about 1__________ seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so

with the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that 2___________ soon or later I should have to settle down and write books. 3___________ I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years 4__________ on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For

this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed

disagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_____________ schooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and

holding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from 6_________

the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of 7________ being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words

and a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created 8________

a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure 9________

in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious — i.e. seriously 10________ intended — writing which I produced all through my childhood and

boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first

poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.

1，在grow后加up, 考固定短语

2，改consience为consciousness 考词语区别，consience翻译为“良心，道德心”, consiousness翻译为“意识”

3，改soon为sooner，sooner or later是固定短语

4，在child前加middle, 考上下文理解。作者是三个孩子句中的那位

5，改disagreeing 为disagreeable ，disagreeing只能作动名词，不能作形容词。disagreeable mannernisms 令人讨厌的习惯

6，改imaginative为imaginary, 考词语区别imaginative翻译为“有想象力的”，imaginary翻译为“想象的，虚构的”

7，改literal 为literary , 考词义区别，literal翻译为“字面的”，literary 翻译为“文学方面的”

8，去掉face后的in，face接宾语时是及物动词。考动词的基本用法

9，在world后加in或者改which为where, 考定语从句

10，改Therefore为However或者Nevertheness, 考语境。

2010年专八真题改错部分

So far as we can tell, all human languages are equally

complete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is,

every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say 1________________ the things their speakers want to say. 2________________ There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive 3________________ peoples or cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not all

groups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics or

psychology or the cultivation of rice . Whereas this is not the 4_____________

fault of their language. The Eskimos , it is said, can speak about

snow with further more precision and subtlety than we can in 5______________ English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of those

sometimes miscalled 'primitive') is inherently more precise and

subtle than English. This example does not come to light a defect 6______________

in English, a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position is

simply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similar 7____________ environments. The English language will be just as rich in terms 8____________

for different kinds of snow, presumably, if the environments in which

Englishwas habitually used made such distinction as important. 9_____________ Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language

could be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture

or cricket if these topics formed the part of the Eskimos' life. 10____________

2010年专八真题改错参考答案

1 be后插入as; as…as引导的比较级

2 their改为its; its代替every language

3 There改为It; It此处作为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式

4 Whereas改为But ；语境需要表示转折的连词，whereas表示对比

5 further 改为much further不能修饰比较级

6 come改为bring; (sth)come to light , bring sth to light

bring to light the defect of English =bring the defect of english to light 揭示英语的缺陷

7 similar改为different; 根据语境应该用different

8 will改为would; 虚拟语气

9 as important去掉as;

10 the part去掉the或者改the为a be/become/form (a) part of 是固定短语

09专八改错原题

The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes

from one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)___________ between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse,

learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the (2)___________ little listener has grown up, and has children of their own, or even (3)____________ grandchildren. The period between learning a nursery rhyme and

transmitting it may be something from twenty to seventy years. With (4)_____________ the playground lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed (5)___________ on within the very hour it is learnt; and in the general, it passes (6)_____________ between children of the same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommon

for the difference in age between playmates to be more than five

years. If ,therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to have been

currently for a hundred years, or even just for fifty, it follows that it (7)__________ has been retransmitted over and over; very possibly it has passed (8)___________ along a chain of two or three hundred young hearers and tellers, and

the wonder is that it remains live after so much handling, (9)____________

to let alone that it bears resemblance to the (10)____________

答案分析：

(1) the further difference改为a further difference（此次应该用不定冠词表示泛指）

(2) 改when 为until, 结构not...until翻译为“直到……才”

(3)their改为his（代词与前文a little listener在单复数上保持一致）

(4)something 改为anything 此处指二十到七十的任何时段

(5)therefore改为however （根据上下文逻辑关系）

(6) in the general去掉the （习惯用法in general 表示总的来说，一般不用冠词）

(7) currently 改为current （这里起的是表语的作用，需要形容词而不是副词）

(8) it has passed改为it has been passed （与分号前的被动保持一致）

(9) live 改为alive alive翻译为“鲜活的”，一般作补语；live翻译为“现场转播的；活的”，一般作定语

(10) to let alone改为let alone (let alone 为习惯搭配，意思是“更不用说

2008年专八真题短文改错

The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is a

very natural one, and in result language has played a prominent ____1____ part in national moves. Men have often felt the need to cultivate ____2____ a given language to show that they are distinctive from another ____3____ race whose hegemony they resent. At the time the United States ____4____ split off from Britain, for example, there were proposals that

independence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a ____5____ different language from those of Britain. There was even one ____6____ proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew. Others favoured

the adoption of Greek, though, as one man put it, things would

certainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English ____7____ and made the British learn Greek. At the end, as everyone ____8____ knows, the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactory

solution of carrying with the same language as before. ____9____ Since nearly two hundred years now, they have shown the world ____10____ that political independence and national identity can be complete

without sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a common

language.

2008

1. in result 改成in consequence，

2 moves改成movements.

3 distinctive改成distinct或different

4 在time后加when

5 accepted 改成realized

6 those改成that

7 删除on,

8 At 改成In

9 carrying with 改成carrying on with

10 now改成ago

07专八真题短文改错

From what has been said, it must be clear that no one can

make very positive statements about how language originated.

There is no material in any language today and in the earliest 1__________ records of ancient languages show us language in a new and 2__________ emerging state. It is often said, of course, that the language 3_________ originated in cries of anger, fear, pain and pleasure, and the 4__________ necessary evidence is entirely lacking: there are no remote

tribes, no ancient records, providing evidence of

a language with a large proportion of such cries5__________ than we find in English. It is true that the absence

of such evidence does not disprove the theory, but in6__________ other grounds too the theory is not very attractive.

People of all races and languages make rather similar

noises in return to pain or pleasure. The fact that 7___________ such noises are similar on the lips of Frenchmen

and Malaysians whose languages are utterly different,

serves to emphasize on the fundamental difference 8___________ between these noises and language proper. We may

say that the cries of pain or chortles of amusement

are largely reflex actions, instinctive to large extent, 9____________ whereas language proper does not consist of signs

but of these that have to be learnt and that are 10___________ wholly conventional.

1, 改and为or, any languagages today or recordsof ancient languages 是并列成分，在否定句中用or 2, 改show为showing, 现在分词作定语

3，删除the, 表示泛指

4，改and为but, 根据语境此处是转折

5，改large为larger, 后面有than, 应该用比较级

6，改in为on, on other grounds “ 基于其它理由”，为固定搭配

7，改return为response , in response to “对……作出反应”

8，删除on, emphasize sth emphasize是及物动词

9，在large前加a, extent 是可数名词，前面要加冠词。"to a large extent"翻译为“在很大程度上”10，改these为those those that/who为固定形式

2006专八短文改错

We use language primarily as a means of communication with

other human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which we

live a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as 1_______ to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular 2_______ message: the English speaker has in his disposal vocabulary and a 3_______ set of grammatical rules which enables him to communicate his 4_______

thoughts and feelings, in a variety of styles, to the other English 5_______ speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses active-

ly and that which he recognizes, increases in size as he grows

old as a result of education and experience. 6_________ But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the system

remains no more than a psychological reality for the individual, unless

he has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another 7_________ member of his linguistic community; he has to give the system a

concrete transmission form. We take it for granted the two most 8____________ common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by our

vocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And these are 9_____________ among most striking of human achievements. 10____________

1. 改agreeing为agreed agreed conventions翻译为“习俗”

2. words前加the, 此处为特指

3. 改in为at at one?s disposal为固定短语，翻译为“由某人做主”

4. 改enables为enable，定语从句与先行词vocabulary and a set of grammatical rules保持一致

5. 删除the, 此处需要泛指

6. 改old为older, 此处需要比较级

7. 改seen为understood，system应该是被理解

8. 删除it take sth for granted take it for granted that…

9. 改or为and ,语境需要并列关系而不需选择关系

10. most前加the, 形容词最高级中that一般不能省略

2005年专八真题短文改错

The University as Business

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep

tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,

very low rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because

of a loss in value of university endowments heavily investing in common 1 ________ stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes

its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the 2 _________ outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of 3 ___________ business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty 4__________ increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being

in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in 5 __________ graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one's job prospects, 6 ___________ the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,

in order to make oneself more marketable.

The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students 7 ___________ include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students

a governance role, and eliminate required courses. 8 _________ Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as

customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the 9 ___________ rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of the

athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the best

athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries earlier

from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust authorities,

the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the best students, by

agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit rather than purely

of need-just like business firms agreeing not to give discounts on their best 10 ____________ customer.

1. investing应改为invested，过去分词作定语

2. 在irrespective和fluctuations之间加上介词of。irrespectiveOf是一固定用法，意指“不论，不管，不顾，”等，此处指公司不顾收入的波动变化。

3. 把those改为that，that此处代替outlook

4．在fact和economic之间力口上关系代词that。这是一个同位语从语，that在同位语从句中是不能省略的.

5．把定冠词the去掉, in school表示上学这个抽象意义

6．把形容词poor改为其比较级poorer。这句中的poor与后面的more形成一对比较关系，表示“越……越……”

7．在ways和which之间加上一个介词in。

8．这里应该用动词的—lng形式，即eliminating，以便使句型结构与前面的giving(students a governance role)保持一致，否则句子结构和意思都显得不正确。

9．将shorten(缩短；使变短)改为reduce/lesson/weaken。此处属于用词不当。

10．将to give discounts on改为to give discounts to their best customer。意为实业公司给最好的客户提供优惠。Give discounts to sb为固定短语

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