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1996 专八答案

1996 专八答案
1996 专八答案

TEM8 (1996)

Part I LISTENING

1-5 DCABD

6-10 BDCCB

11-15 BDBDC

NOTE-TAKING

1. 3

2. historical

3. plant/agricultural

4. sugar

5. fall/drop

6. production

7. potato

8. corn

9. profitable

10. Brazil

Part II PROOFREADING

1. Let alone

2. surface

3. with temperatures

4. quite fairly – quite/fairly

5. outer

6. rising away – rising

7. and – but

8. quarters

9. when – unless

10. less than

Part III READING COMPREHENSION

16 - 20 ABDBD

21 - 25 ADCAB

26 - 30 DCCCC

31 - 35 BDBDC

36 - 40 DDCCA

General Knowledge(补充材料)

31. Henry VIII started his religious reform as a struggle for _____.

A. divorce

B. power

C. politics

D. peace

32. Compared with the other racial and ethnic minority groups, _____ lead a relatively better-off life in the US.

A. the blacks

B. the Asian Americans

C. the Indians

D. the Hispanics

33. To override the President’s veto, the US Congress must have a _____ majority.

A. 3/4

B. 2/3

C. 1/2

D. 3/5

34. The following are all products imported by Australia from China EXCEPT _____.

A. food

B. textiles

C. steel products

D. electronics

35. In more than five hundred poems she had written about nature, Dickinson expressed her _____ about the relationship between man and nature.

A. hatred

B. agreement

C. skepticism

D. love

36. With The Adventures of Tom Sawyer published, Mark Twain gave a literary independence to Tom’s buddy Huck in a separate novel called _____.

A. Life on the Mississippi River

B. A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court

C. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

D. The Gilded Age

37. Among the following statements, the best that characterizes Emily Dickinson’s verse is _____.

A. exhibiting a sensitiveness to the symbolic implications of experience, such as love, death, immortality etc

B. having the poetic conventions similar to Walt Whitman’s

C. punishing social evils

D. showing the direction for future free verse poets

38. The process in which individual learners adapt to the new culture of the L2 community is called _____.

A. motivation

B. acculturation

C. fossilization

D. interference

39. A subfield of linguistics that studies the sentence structure of language is called _____.

A. syntax

B. register

C. morphology

D. phonology

40. When pitch, stress and sound length are tied to the sentence rather than the word in isolation, they are collectively known as _____.

A. tone

B. pronunciation

C. voicing

D. intonation

General Knowledge(补充材料答案)

31. A

Henry III: 亨利三世英国国王(1216-1272年),他继其父约翰王成为国王。他统治期间西蒙·德·蒙特福特领导的男爵反对派叛变。蒙特福特为首的代议制议会于1265年召开,被认为是英国第一个真正意义上的议会。亨利三世进行宗教改革,想解除和他第一任妻子(天主教徒)的婚姻。

32. B

美国的种族、民族关系异常复杂。有三大“少数民族”:美国现有人口2.8亿,其中白人仍占大多数,有1.8亿,约占美国总人口的63%。这些人的老家多为欧洲,也有少数人或其祖上从北非、中东移居而来。自美国建国以来,这些人就是美国社会的主流,尤其是来自英国的盎格鲁—萨克森人。排在白人后面的族裔依次为西班牙裔、黑人、亚裔、印第安人与阿拉斯加原住民、夏威夷土著与其他太平洋岛民等,他们可以称为美国的“少数民族”。西班牙裔是指那些从古巴、墨西哥、中南美洲迁移而来的人及他们的后裔,他们中的大部分是白人与印第安人的混血儿。由于这些地方曾是西班牙的殖民地,因而这些人有一个共同的特点:深受西班牙文化影响,会说西班牙语。由于西班牙裔的老家离美国最近,因而这些地方向美国移民的人数也最多,有3500万,堪称“第一大少数民族”。黑人,

或者称之为非裔美国人是“第二大少数民族”,有3400多万人。这些人的祖上是非洲人,他们是被作为奴隶贩运到美国来的。1860年爆发的南北战争结束后,奴隶制被废除,黑人得以成为美国的公民。原先黑人是美国当之无愧的“第一大少数民族”,只是近年来西班牙裔的大量涌入使他们退居次位。虽然由于历史的原因,黑人在经济上仍处于劣势,但在政治上黑人越来越凸显出其力量,现在布什政府的重臣国务卿鲍威尔、总统国家安全事务助理赖斯都是黑人。亚裔是“第三大少数民族”,有1000万。他们多是从中国、印度、日本、朝鲜半岛、越南迁移而来,19世纪六七十年代,20世纪七八十年代是亚裔涌入美国的两个高峰。现在,亚裔在美国科研界、工商界成绩相当突出。印第安人与阿拉斯加原住民有250万,占美国总人口的0.9%。大多数的印第安人仍生活在保留地里,主要从事旅游业。夏威夷土著与其他太平洋岛民的人口不到40万。

33. B

推翻总统的否决,美国国会必须有三分之二的多数票通过。

US Congress: 国会-美国的立法机构,包括参议院和众议院。Senate 参议院:美国议会的上院,由每州通过公民投票选出两名任期六年的参议员组成。House of Representatives众议院:美国国会和绝大多数州议会的下议院

34. C

澳大利亚主要从中国进口食品、纺织品和钢铁制品。

35. D

Emily Dickinson: 迪金森,埃米莉·伊丽莎白1830-1886美国女诗人。她写了上千首对人与自然的关系充满情感的诗句。她的第一部诗集直到1890年才出版36. C

Mark Twain:马克·吐温(1835-1910, 美国作家, 本名为Samuel Langhorne Clemens) American author and humorist who drew on his childhood along the Mississippi River to create masterpieces of humor and sarcasm, including Tom Sawyer (1876) and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884). 克莱门斯,塞缪尔·兰霍恩:(1835-1910) 美国作家、幽默作家,他曾回顾其密西西比河边的童年时光,创作了杰出的幽默和讽刺小品,包括汤姆·索亚历险记(1876年)和虎克尔佰瑞·芬恩历险记(1884年)

37. A

Emily Dickinson: 迪金森,埃米莉·伊丽莎白1830-1886美国女诗人。留下诗稿1775首。在她生前只有7首诗被朋友从她的信件中抄录出发表。她的诗主要写高傲的孤独、对宗教追求的失望、死的安详等,反映了复杂的心理状态。诗的篇幅短小,多数只有两至五节,经常破格,常押所谓“半韵”(half rhyme);放弃传统的标点,多用破折号“;”名词多用大写(但这个习惯在当时很平常);常省略句子成分,有时甚至连动词也省掉;句法多倒装,有学者指这是受拉丁文词序的影响。

38. B

Motivation:动机

Acculturation: 文化适应。一群体或个人因为与不同的文化接触而引起的文化变化。当不同文化群体的人们进行持续不断的直接接触时,一方或双方的原文化类型所产生的变化称为文化适应。

Fossilization:僵化,第二语言或外语学习中,有时出现不正确的语言特征永久性地成为一个人说或写一种语言的方式。发音、词汇用法和语法会成固定或僵化。

Interference:干扰,一种语言对学习另一种语言产生的影响。

39. A

Syntax:The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentences.句法, 研究词或其它句了成分如何联合起来形成合乎语法的句子规则的学科

Register: A variety of language used in a specific social setting语体, 在特定的社会背景中使用的各种语言

Morphology: The study of the structure and form of words in language or a language, including inflection, derivation, and the formation of compounds.形态学, 对单词的结构和形式的研究,包括词尾变化、派生和合成词的构成

Phonology: The study of speech sounds in language or a language with reference to their distribution and patterning and to tacit rules governing pronunciation.音系学, 在语言或一门语言中,对有关其分类和模式以及发音规则的研究

40. D

Tone:声调, 决定某个词的意思或区分词义的词的发音高低

Pronunciation: 发音法, 说明一个词该怎样读出的书面表达方法,常用音标表示V oicing:声音, 通过振动的声带呼出气体,用于制造元音和浊辅音

intonation: 语调运用改变音高以传递句子信息的方法

Part IV Translation

In Paris, various kinds of cocktail party and buffet offer one good chances to make friends. On such an occasion, when strangers meet and if they are Asian, they will present their name cards respectfully with both hands before they start to talk. And this seems an indispensable rite. But the French people generally do not actively present their name cards. When they meet, they will say hello to each other, or even chat aimlessly before they leave. Only when they have a good talk and wish to continue their contact, will they actively produce their name cards. To present one’s name card without saying anything will appear awkward.

这原本是件易如反掌的事。这些人都是久经沙场的老手,他们和里根保持着长期的联系,和共和党的联系则更长。他们熟悉总统政治以及国内的其他的政治动态。竞选的背景是有利的,有许多好消息可以利用:美国处于和平时期;国家经济是影响每次选举的关键因素,在衰退后出现强劲的反弹。此外,竞选本身得到慷慨的资助,有充足的经费组成一流的竞选班子,旅行和制作电视广告。而且,至关重要的是,他们的后选人是罗纳德·里根,一个极具个人号召力和令人眩目口才的总统。里根是自约翰·肯尼迪之后唯一的一位总统,成功地规划出国家的蓝图—一个军事力量得到增强,提倡个人进取精神以及拥有精简的联邦政府的国家。

SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH

Translate the following underlined text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

近期报纸,对国外名片和请柬的议论颇多,于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬,随笔记下来,似乎不无借鉴之处。

在巴黎,名目繁多的酒会,冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会。在这种场合陌生人相识,如果是亚洲人,他们往往开口之前先毕恭毕敬地用双手把自己的名片呈递给对方,这好像是不可缺少的礼节。然而,法国人一般却都不大主动递送名片,双方见面寒暄几句,甚至海阔天空地聊一番也就各自走开,只有当双方谈话投机,希望继续交往时,才会主动掏出名片。二话不说先递名片反倒有些勉强。

法国人的名片讲究朴素大方,印制精美,但很少有镶金边的、闪光多色的或带香味的。名片上的字体纤细秀丽,本人的名字也不过分突出,整张纸片上空白很大,毫无拥挤不堪的感觉。

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Translate the underlined part of the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

Four months before election day, five men gathered in a small conference room at the Reagan-Bush headquarters and reviewed an oversize calendar that mark the remaining days of the 1984 presidential campaign. It was the last Saturday in June and at ten o'clock in the morning the rest of the office was practically deserted. Even so, the men kept the door shut and the drapes carefully drawn. The three principals and their two deputies had come from around the country for a critical meeting. Their aim was to devise a strategy that would guarantee Ronald Reagan's resounding reelection to a second term in the White House.

It should have been easy. These were battle-tested veterans with long ties to Reagan and even longer ones to the Republican party, men who understood presidential politics as well as any in the country. The backdrop of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nation's economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed, with plenty of money for a top-flight staff, travel, and television commercials. And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills. Reagan has succeeded more than any president since John F. Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America —a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal

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英语专业八级翻译练习题带答案2017

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