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高级英语一unit5

Speech on Hitler’s Ivasion of the U.S.S.R.

(苏维埃共和国联盟)

When I awoke on the morning of Sunday, the 22nd, the news was brought to me of Hitler’s invasion of Russia. This changed conviction（定罪）into certainty. I had not the slightest（最轻微的）doubt where our duty and our place lay. Nor indeed what to say（也不知道该说些什么）. There only remained the task of composing it. I asked that notice should immediately be given that I would broadcast at nine o'clock that night. Presently General Dill, who had hastened down（急急忙忙）from London, came into my bedroom with detailed news. The Germans had invaded Russia on an enormous front, had surprised a large portion of the Soviet Air Force grounded on the airfields（飞机场）, and seemed to be driving forward with great rapidity and violence. The Chief of the Imperial General Staff added, “ I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes.”

二十二日星期天早晨，我一醒来便接到了希特勒入侵苏联的消息。这就使原先意料中的事变成了无可怀疑的事实。我完全清楚我们对此应该承担何种义务，采取何种政策。我也完全清楚该如何就此事发表声明。尚待完成的只不过是将这一切形成文字而已。于是，我吩咐有关部门立即发表通告，我将于当晚九点钟发表广播讲话。不一会儿，匆匆从伦敦赶到的迪尔将军走进我的卧室，为我带来了详细情报。德国人已大规模入侵苏联，苏联空军部队有很大一部分飞机都没来得及起飞便遭到德军的突袭。德军目前似乎正以凌厉的攻势极为迅猛地向前推进。这位皇家军队总参谋长报告完毕后又补了一句，“我估计他们将会大批地被包围。”

I spent the day composing my statement. There was no time to consult the War Cabinet, nor was it necessary. I knew that we all felt the same on this issue. Mr. Eden, Lord Beaverbrook, and Sir Stafford Cripps--he had left Moscow under 10th-- were also with me during the day.

一整天我都在写讲稿，根本没有时间去找战时内阁进行磋商，也没有必要这样做。我知道我们大家在这个问题上的立场是完全一致的。艾登先生、比弗布鲁克勋爵，还有斯塔福德·克里普斯爵士——他是十号离开莫斯科回国的——那天也同我在一起。

The following account of this Sunday at Chequers by my Private Secretary, Mr. Colville, who was on duty this weekend, may be of interest: 那个周末值班的是我的私人秘书科维尔先生。由他执笔记述的下面这段关于那个星期天里切克尔斯首相官邸发生的情况的文字，也许值得一提："On saturday, June 21, I went down to Chequers just before dinner. Mr. and Mrs. Winant, Mr. and Mrs Eden, and Edward Bridges were staying. During dinner Mr. Churchill said that a German attack on Russia was now certain, and he thought that Hitler was counting on（指望）enlisting（（使）入伍，（使）参军）capitalist（资本家）and Right Wing（右翼）sympathies in this country and the U.S.A. Hitler was, however, wrong and we should go all out to help Russia. Winant said the same would be true of the U.S.A.

“六月二十一日，星期六。晚饭前我来到切克尔斯首相官邸。怀南特夫妇、艾登夫妇和爱德华·布里奇斯等几位均在那儿。晚饭席上，邱吉尔先生说，德国人入侵苏联已是必然无疑的了。他认为希特勒是想指望博取英美两国的资本家和

右冀势力的同情和支持。不过，希特勒的如意算盘打错了。我们英国将会全力以赴援助苏联。维南特表示美国也会采取同样的态度。

After dinner, when I was walking on the croquet（槌球）lawn （草地，草坪）with Mr. Churchill, he reverted（恢复）to this theme, and I asked whether for him, the arch anti-Communist, this was not bowing down in the House of Rimmon. Mr. Churchill replied, 'Not at all. I have only one purpose, the destruction of Hitler, and my life is much simplified thereby. If Hitler invaded Hell I would make at least a favorable reference to the Devil in the House of Commons.'

晚饭后，当我同邱吉尔先生在槌球场上散步时，他又一次谈到了这一话题。我当时问他，对于他这个头号反共大将来说，这种态度是否意味着改变自己的政治立场。‘绝非如此。我现在的目标只有一个，即消灭希特勒。这使我的生活单纯多了。假使希特勒入侵地狱，我至少会在下议院替魔鬼说几句好话的。’

I was awoken at 4 a.m. the following morning by a telephone message from the F.O. to the effect that Germany had attacked Russia. The P.M. had always said that he was never to be woken up for anything but invasion (of England). I therefore postponed（延期，缓办，（使）延迟）telling him till 8 a.m. His only comment was, 'Tell the B.B.C. I will broadcast at nine to night.' He began to prepare the speech at 11 a.m., and except for luncheon, at which Sir Stafford Cripps, Lord Cranborne, and Lord Beaverbrook were present, he devoted the whole day to it... The speech was only ready at twenty minutes to nine.

次日清晨四点钟，我被电话铃惊醒，原来是外交部来的电话，内容是报告德国已开始进攻俄国的消息。首相一向吩咐，只有当英国遭到入侵时才可以叫醒他。因此，我等到八点钟才向他报告这一消息。他听完消息后只说了一句话：‘通知英国广播电台，我今晚九点要发表广播讲话。’他从上午十一点开始撰写讲稿，中间除与斯塔福德．克里普斯爵士、克兰伯恩勋爵和比弗布鲁克勋爵共进午餐外，这一天的全部时间都花在写讲稿上了...讲稿直到八点四十才写好。”

In this broadcast I said:

" the Nazi regime（政权）is indistinguishable（难区分的，不能分辨的）from the worst features of the Communism. It is devoid（缺乏）of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination. It excels all forms of human wickedness（邪恶）in the efficiency of its cruelty and ferocious（残忍的）aggression. No one has been a more consistent opponent of Communism than I have for the last 25 years. I will unsay no word that I have spoken about it. But all this fades away before the spectacle which is now unfolding（伸展）. The past, with its crimes, its follies（罪恶）, and its tragedies, flashes away. I see the Russian soldiers standing on the threshold（罪恶）of their native land, guarding the fields which their fathers have tilled from time immemorial（从古至今）. I see them guarding their homes where mothers and wives pray--ah, yes, for there are times when all pray--for the safety of their loved ones, the return of the bread-winner, of their champion, of the protector. I see the ten thousands villages of Russia where the means of existence is wrung（绞

( wring的过去式和过去分词)）so hardly from the soil, but where there are still primordial（初生的，初发的，原始的）human joys were maidens and laugh and children play. I see advancing upon all this in hideous（令人惊骇的）onslaught（猛攻，攻击）the Nazi war machine, with its clanking, heel-clicking, dandified（像花花公子的）Prussian officers, its crafty （狡猾的，狡诈的）expert agents fresh from the cowing and tying down of a dozen countries. I see also the dull, drilled, docile（温顺的）, brutish（如野兽般的，粗野的）masses of the Hun soldiery plodding（沉重缓慢的，单调乏味的）on like a swarm of crawling（成群爬行）locusts（蝗虫）. I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting（（伤口）疼痛( smart的现在分词)）from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and safer pray.

在这次广播讲话中，我说道：

“纳粹政体与共产主义的最糟糕之处毫无两样。除了贪欲和种族统治外，它没有任何指导思想和行动准则。它在残酷压迫和疯狂侵略过程中所犯下的滔天罪行在人类历史上可谓空前绝后。在过去的二十五年中，我比任何人都更坚定而始终如一地反对共产主义。过去对共产主义所作的批评我仍然一句也不想收回。但现在展现在我们面前的景象已经将那一切冲得烟消云散了。过去的一切，连同它的种种罪恶、蠢行和悲剧全都从眼前乍然消失。此刻我眼前看到的是俄国的士兵昂然挺立于自己的国土，英勇地捍卫着他们祖祖辈辈自古以来一直辛勤耕耘着的土地。我看到他们正在守卫着自己的家园，在那里母亲和妻子正在向上帝祈祷——是啊，任何人都总有祈祷的时候——祈求上帝保佑她们的亲人的平安，并保

佑她们的壮劳力、她们的勇士和保护者凯旋归来。我看见成千上万的俄国村庄，那儿的人们虽然要靠在土地上辛勤耕作才能勉强维持生计，却依然能够享受到天伦之乐，那儿的姑娘在欢笑，儿童在嬉戏。我看到这一切正面临着凶暴的袭击，正杀气腾腾地扑向他们的是纳粹的战争机器同它的那些全副武装、刀剑当当有声、皮靴咚咚作响的普鲁士军官以及它的那些奸诈无比、刚刚帮它征服并奴役了十多个国家的帮凶爪牙。我还看到那些呆头呆脑、训练有素、既驯服听话又凶残野蛮的德国士兵像一群蝗虫般地向前蠕动着。我看见天空中那些屡遭英军痛击、余悸未消的德国轰炸机和战斗机此时正庆幸终于找到他们以为是无力反抗、可手到即擒的猎物。“

"Behind all this glare, behind all this storm, I see that small group of villainous（邪恶的）men who plan, organize, and launch this cataract（大瀑布，急瀑布）of horrors upon mankind...

在这些刀光剑影、腥风血雨的场面背后，我看到一小撮恶棍在那里策划、组织，并犯下了这惨绝人寰的滔天罪行...

"I have to declare the decision of His Majesty's Government-- and I feel sure it is a decision in which the greater Dominance will in due course （到一定的时候，没过多久）concur（同意）--for we must spead out now at once, without a day's delay. I have to make the declaration, but can you doubt what our policy will be? We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable（不能取消的）purpose. We are resolved to（决心）destroy Hitler and every vestige（遗迹）of the Nazi regime. From this nothing will turn us-- nothing. We will never parley（和谈，谈判）, we will never negotiate （谈判，协商，交涉）with Hitler or any of his gang. We shall fight him by

land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, until, with God's help, we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its people from his yoke（束缚）. Any man or state who fights on against Nazism will have our aid. Any man or state who marches with Hitler is our foe（敌人，仇敌）... That is our policy and that is our declaration. It follows therefore that we shall give whatever help we can to Russia and the Russian people. We shall appeal to all our friends and allies in every part of the world to take the same course and pursue it, as we shall faithfully（忠实地）and stead fastly to the end. ...

“我不得不在此宣布大英帝国政府的决定——我相信大英帝国各自治领对这一决定会适时地表示一致赞同——因为我们必须立即表明自己的态度，一天也不应拖延。我必须发表正式宣言，难道还会有人不清楚我们将会采取何种政策吗?我们只有一个目标，一个唯一的、不可改变的目标——我们决心消灭希特勒及纳粹政权的一切痕迹。无论什么都不能使我们离开这一目标。我们决不妥协，我们绝不与希特勒及其帮凶谈判议和。我们将对他实施地面打击，我们将对他实施海上打击，我们将对他实施空中打击，直到在主的帮助下，将他的魔影从地球上消除，将纳粹统治下的人民从他所设的枷锁中解放出来。任何坚持同纳粹集团作战的个人和国家都将得到我们的援助，任何与希特勒同流合污的个人和国家都是我们的敌人,, 这就是我们的政策，这就是我们的宣言。因此，我们将竭尽全力援助俄国政府和俄国人民。我们还将呼吁世界各地的朋友和盟国与我们同心协力，坚定不移地战斗到底...

"This is no class war, but a war in which the whole British Empire and

Commonwealth of Nations is engaged, without distinction（区别）of race, creed（（尤指宗教）信条，教义）, or party. It is not for me to speak of the action of the United States, but this I will say: if Hitler imagines that his attack on Soviet Russia will cause the slightest divergence（分叉）of aims or slackening（（使）松弛）of effort in the great democracies who are resolved（下定决心的，断然的）upon his doom（命运）, he is woefully（忧愁地，可怜地）mistaken. On the contrary, we will shall be fortified（加强的）and encouraged in our efforts to rescue mankind from his tyranny（暴虐）. We shall be strengthened and not weakened in determination and in resources.

“这绝不是一场阶级战争，而是一场大英帝国和英联邦共同参加的、不分种族、宗教信仰或政党派别的全民战争。至于美国方面的行动，我无权代作宣言，但我要声明一点：如果希特勒认为他对苏维埃俄国的进攻会使那些决心埋葬他的伟大的民主国家稍稍转移目标或松懈斗志的话，那他就大错特错了。恰恰相反，我们将会更加坚强、更加勇敢地为将人类从他的暴政下解救出来而奋斗，我们将加强而不是削弱自己的决心和力量。

"This is no time to moralise on（说教）the follies of countries and governments which have allowed themselves to be struck down（击倒）one by one, when by united action, they could have saved themselves and saved the world from this catastrophe. But when I spoke a few minutes ago of Hilter's blood-lust and the hateful appetites which have impelled（推动、推进或敦促某人做某事）all around him on his Russian adventure I said

there was one deeper motive behind his outrage. He wishes to destroy the Russian power because he hopes that if he succeeds in this he will be able to bring back the main strength of his Army and Air Force from the East and hurl it upon this island, which he knows he knows he must conquer or suffered penalty of his crimes. His invasion of Russia is no more than a prelude（序曲，前奏曲）to an attempted invasion of the British Isles. He hopes, no doubt, that all this may be accomplished before the winter comes, and that he can overwhelm Great Britain before the Fleet and air-power of the United States may intervene（阻碍）. He hopes that he may once again repeat, upon a greater scale than ever before, that process of destroying his enemies one by one by which he has so long thrived and prospered（成功，兴旺）and that then the thing will be clear for the final act, without which all his conquests（（对困难、危险等的）控制）would be in vain--namely, the subjugation（镇压，平息，征服）of the Western Hemisphere to his will and to his system.

“那些让自己遭到各个击破的国家和政府，当初若是采取联合一致的行动，本来是可以使自己和全世界免遭这场劫难的。现在当然不是对他们的愚蠢行为发表评论的时候。但在几分钟前，当我谈到希特勒受其嗜血成性、邪恶贪婪的驱使或引诱，贸然发动了这次对俄国的侵略冒险时，我还说过在他的疯狂行为的背后隐藏着一个深谋远虑的动机。他之所以想摧毁俄国，乃是因为他期望着一旦这一行动顺利得手，他便可以将其陆、空军主力从东线调回，投入对英伦三岛的进攻。他清楚地知道，他必须征服英国，否则，他将因其犯下的种种罪行而受到惩罚。

入侵俄国的行动只不过是他蓄谋已久的对英伦三岛的入侵行动的序幕而已。毫无疑问，他期望这一切能在冬季到来之前全部完成，期望在美国的海空军来不及插手干预之前即能征服大不列颠。他期望能以空前的规模再度重演他长期以来赖

以发迹的将敌手各个击破的故伎，然后便可以腾出场地来演出最后的一幕——将整个西半球置于他的控制和统治之下。他知道，如果做不到这一点，他的全部战果都将化为泡影。

"The Russian danger is therefore our danger, and the danger of the United States, just as the cause of any Russian fighting for his hearth（灶台，炉边）and home is the cause of free men and free peoples in every quarter of the globe. Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience. Let us redouble our exertions（努力）, and strike with united strength while life and power remain."

“由此可知，俄国现在所面临的危险就是我们自己的危险，同样也是美国的危险；俄国人民保家卫国的事业就是全世界一切自由的人民和自由的民族的事业。让我们从过去的残酷的历史经验中汲取教训吧。让我们趁着生命未息、力量尚存之时，加倍努力，团结奋斗吧。”

I.Give brief answers to the following questions using your own words as much as possible：

1) When and how did the Germans attack the Soviet Union?

Germany attacked Russia on an enormous front by air on Sunday, June 22.

2)What’s was Churchill’s reaction to the news of Hitler’s invasion of Russia? Why?

He was not surprised at the news, because he had thought that the Germans would attack the Soviet Union.

3)Why did Churchill side with the Soviet Union since he had always been an avowed enemy of communism?

Because he had only one purpose, the destruction of Hitler, who he thought was the worst in the world.

4)What policy did Churchill declare Britain would pursue?

The policy that Churchill declared Britain would pursue was to destroy Hitler and wipe off every single trace of the Nazi regime.

5)What, according to Churchill, was Hitler’s motive in invading Russia? Do you agree with him?

According to Churchill, Hitler's invasion of Russia served as the first step for his invasion of Britain, thus controlling of the Western Hemisphere.

II.Paraphrase:

1)Hitler was counting on enlisting capitalist and Right Wing sumpathiees in this country and the U.S.A.

Hitler was hoping that if he attacked Russia, he would win in Britain and the U.S. the support of those who were enemies of Communism.

2)Winant said the same would be true of the U.S.A.

Winant said the United States would adopt the same attitude.

3)My life is much simplified thereby.

In this way, my life is made much easier in this case, it will be much easier for me to decide on my attitude towards events.

4)I will unsay no word that I have spoken about it.

I will not take back a single word of what I have said about Communism.

5)I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.

I can see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, who, after suffering severe losses in the aerial battle of England, now feel happy because they think they can easily beat the Russian air force without heavy loss.

6)We shall be strengthened not weakened in determination and in resources.

We shall be more determined and shall make better and fuller use of our resources.

7)Let us redouble our exertions, and strike with united strength while life and power remain.

Let us strengthen our unity and our efforts in the fight against Nazi Germany when we have not yet been overwhelmed and when we are still

powerful.

III.Look up the following words in the dictionary and explain the meaning of 'anti' in each case. Put them into Chinese and give further examples.

1)anti-imperialist, antichrist

anti-Communist 反共产主义的（人）；antichrist 反对基督（教）的（人）Here "anti-"means "against", "hostile to", "opposed to". Other examples, anti-Japanese, anticolonial, anti-party, anti-imperialist, anti-fascist, anti-apartheid, antidraft, antislavery, anti-Smith.

2)antibacterial, antifreeze

antibacterial 抗细菌的，抗菌物；antifreeze 防冻剂In these two cases, "anti-"means "preventing', "curing', "neutralizing" or "reducing". Other examples : antiknock, antitoxin, anti-pollution, anti-malarial, antifriction, anti-icer.

3)antiaircraft, anti-ballistic missile

antiaircraft 防空的anti-ballistic missile 反弹道导弹Here "anti-"has the meaning of "counteracting", "operating against "or "resisting". Other examples: antitank, antipersecution, antitrust, antigas, antisubmarine, antidote, antimagnetic.

4)antithesis, antihero

antithesis （修辞学中的）对句，对话，偶句；antihero （小说，戏剧中）不按传统性主角品格塑造的主角Here "anti-"means "opposite", "reverse".

Other examples : antimatter, antipole, antiparticle, antineutron, antiphrasis, antipode, antinovel.

IV.All the following sentences contain metaphors. Rewrite these sentences, using plain, non-figurative language.

1)He was almost at the end of his tether when he stumbled on the solution of his difficulty.

He was almost at the end of his powers when he stumbled on the solution of his difficulty.

2)After the failure of his last novel his reputation stands on slippery grounds.

After the failure of his last novel his reputation is uncertain.

3)He turned a blind eye to the bad conditions in his factory.

He completely ignored the bad conditions in his factory.

4)People who live in glass houses should not throw stones.

People who are in a vulnerable position should not attack others.

5)This may teach the young man not to play with fire.

This may teach the young man not to take foolish risks.

6)His industry, perserverance and determination ultimately brought him a rich harvest.

His industry, perserverance and determination ultimately brought him great success.

7)The pupils took a leaf out of their teacher's book.

The pupils took the teacher as their example.

8)After his first novel came out, the writer received an avalanche of letters.

After his first novel came out, the writer received an enormous pile of letters.

V.Pick out the metaphors used in the text and explain their meanings in your own words:

Models: standing on the threshold of their native land--Here threshold is used metaphorically, meaning entrance, or more literally, frontiers.

1)Whether for him, the arch anti-Communist, this was riot bowing down in the House of Rimmon :whether he was not renouncing his previous attitude towards Communism; whether he was not changing his position since he had all along been opposed to Communism.

2)I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes: I think the Red armymen will be surrounded and captured in surprisingly large numbers.

3)The Nazi regime is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination: Here "appetite" is used metaphorically, meaning strong German desire for conquest.

4)Still smarting from many a British whipping: Here "whipping" is used metaphorically, meaning counterattack.

5)rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke:

Here both "shadow" and "yoke" are used metaphorically, the former meaning the very strong power or influence (of Hitler) and the latter meaning control.

VI.Write five sentences or phrases containing alliteration.

Models:

1) fighting for his hearth and home

2) Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience.

1)as cool as cucumber 2)fact and fantasy

3)He came back sound and safe.

4)She sang a song.

5) Next to health, heart and home, happiness for mobile Americans depends upon the automobile.

VII.In his speech, Churchill uses a lot of repetitions and parallel structures to achieve emphasis. Pick them out from the text.

Models：

1)From this nothing will turn us--nothing.(repetition of words)

2)Behind all this galre, behind all this storm(parallel structure)

3)That is our policy and that is our declaration.(parallel structure)

4)We will never parley. We will never nagotiate(repetition of meaning in different words)

Parallel structure :

1)We will never parley.We will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang.

2)We shall fight him by land .We shall fight him by sea. We shall fight him in the air.

3)behind all this glare, behind all this storm I see

4)1 see the Russian soldiers standing...I see them guarding... I see the ten thousand villages... I see advancing upon... I see also the dull…I see the German bombers…I see that small group …

5)that is our policy and that is our declaration

6)We shall be fortified and encouraged in our efforts. We shall be strengthened and not weakened in determination and resources.

7)Let us learn the lessons already taught by such cruel experience. Let us redouble our exertions …

Repetition :

1)We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purpose.

2)He has so long thrived and prospered.

3)We will never parley, we will never negotiate...

VIII.Pick out words or phrases from the text that clearly show Churchill's extreme contempt for Nazidom.

the Nazi war machine, a swarm of crawling locusts, small group of villainous men, his shadow, his yoke, his tyranny, Hitler's blood-lust and the hateful appetites

IX.Replace the italicized words with simple, everyday words:

1)There only remained the task of composing it.(preparing, writing down )

2)The Germans...seemed to be drving forward with great rapidity and violence.(very fast and violently )

3)Hitler was counting on enlisting capitalist and Right Wing sympathies.( obtaining, getting)

4)he reverted to this theme(returned)

5)He devoted the whole day to it(spent...on it )

6)I see the Russian soldier standing on the threshold of their native land(frontiers )

7)I see the Russian soldier guarding the fields...tilled from time immemorial(ancient time)

8)I see that small group of villainous men, who plan, organise(evil)

9)I feel sure it is a decision in which the Great Dominions will in due course concur.( agree)

10)We will never parley.( hold talks with our enemy)

11)without distinction of race, creed, or party(religious belief; faith)

12)he is woefully mistaken(sadly, deplorably)

13)and saved the world from this catastrophe(great and sudden disaster )

X.Translate the followign into English:

1)这对农村和城市都一样适用。

This is true of the rural area as well as of the urban area.

2)他指望他们给予支持。

He was counting on their support.

3)我不记得他是怎么说的，但我肯定他讲话的大意是那样的。

I don't remember his exact words, but I'm sure he did say something to that effect.

4)丘吉尔说：“告诉斯大林，英国只有一个愿望——打败希特勒。”

Churchill said, "Tell Stalin that Britain has but one desire --to crush Hitler.

5)在那个国家只剩下百分之九的人是文盲。

Only 9% of the population in that country remains illiterate.

6)他们别无选择，只好依靠他的努力了。

This leaves them no choice but to rely on his efforts.

7)客人们对受到的热情接待感到过意不去。

The guests were overwhelmed by the warm reception.

8)他们用出其不意的进攻打垮了敌人。

They overwhelmed the enemy by a surprise attack.

9)他们的困难就是我们的困难，正如我们把他们的胜利看做是我们自己的胜利一样。

Their difficulty is our difficulty just as we view their victory as our own victory.

10)很清楚，德国法西斯企图使那个地区的人民屈服于他们的统治。

It is clear that German fascists were trying to put the people in that region under their domination.

XI.Fill in the blanks with turn or turn(down,in,into,out,to,up):

1)In the spring of 1941 the situation took an ominous(turn)for Britain.

2)July and August rains had (turned) the field (into) a lush green carpet.

3)The pacts, sighed by the U.S. and Panama, would give Pananma control of the waterway by the (turn) of the coming century.

4)The talk (turned to) more serious matters.

5)The Saudis have (turned) their desert kingdom (into) nothing less than a wealthy state.

6)Once again, the top strategists are (turning) their attention (to) the critical situation in the Balkans.

7)He said that everyone should (turn) their backs (on) a craving for fame and prestige.

8)His request was (turned down).

9)Chemical plants in the vicinity (turned out) more than half the nation’s soda ash for industry.

10)I am glad things have (turned out) so well.

11)In that country, the stern police tactics and their failure to (turn up) any terrorists prompted some criticism.

XII.Rearrange the following sentences in a logical order:

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Unit1 1. She doesn’t seem to get along with her new classmates. 2. I’d been out of touch with Mary for year, but I managed to reach her by phone yesterday. 3. The veteran enjoys showing off his medals to everyone who visits him. 4. He husband seems very much opposed to her going abroad. 5. As Thomas couldn’t settle down in his job, his parents were very worried. 6. I always have all kinds of bits and pieces in my pockets. 7. Her mother pulled a few strings to get her into the business circle. 8. I hope the food is to your liking. 9. I told the boys off for making so much noise. Unit2 1. He resolved to work on the complicated project immediately. 2. They saw an old man knocked over by a car coming from the opposite direction. 3. He walked unsteadily / stumbled along in the dark, groping for the light-switch. 4. After three month’s illness, he found it difficult to rise to his feet again. 5. Owing to the staff shortage, the task could not be fulfilled on schedule. 6. During the period of depression, the company was running into financial difficulties. 7. When the blind girl got on the crowded bus, the passengers made room for her. 8. He at last managed to hold on to the rock on the cliff and stopped himself from slipping. Unit3 1. Mother immediately sent Tom for the doctor. 2. She failed to bake the cake as she had run out of sugar. 3. I know how desperately busy you are now. 4. The whole class roared with laughter at Tom’s slip of the tongue. 5. Such things as needles and scissors should be kept out of the reach of children. 6. The soldiers stood under the burning scorching sun, drenched with sweat. 7. He returned to his own country / motherland in the end. Unit4 1. Obviously I overestimated my sense of direction. Net time, I will remember to bring along a map with me. 2. The mother is not thoroughly disillusioned with her selfish unfilial son. 3. She has no knack for saying the right thing at the right time. 4. He and football were meant for each other from the start. 5. My boss assigned me the secretarial work for the first month. 6. If a driver breaks traffic rules, are there any alternatives to a fire? 7. Being a clumsy person, he often subjects himself to ridicule. Unit5 1. Did James have supper with you on the night in question? 2. The coach was satisfied with the ultimate victory of the match. 3. To remove the linguistic barriers in communication among the people of the world, linguists have embarked on the study of a new universal language. 4. The emergence of joint-venture enterprises has increased our opportunities to have contact with foreigners. 5. Mother asked him to gather up the bits and pieces of his belongings from the desk and put them

英语必修一unit5 课文原文+单词+音标

Unit 5 ELIAS` STORY My name is Elias.I am a poor black worker in South Africa.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems.He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful. I needed his help because I had very little education.I began school at six. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away.I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare. I could not read or write well.After trying hard,I got a job in a gold mine.However,this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.Sadly I did not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work. The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg.I became more hopeful about my future.I never forgot how kind Mandela was.When he organized the ANC Youth League, I joined it as soon as I could.He said:"The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.” It was the truth.Black people could not vote or choose their leaders.They could not get the jobs they wanted. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. No one could grow food there .In fact as Nelson Mandela said:“…we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government. We chose to attack the laws.We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed…only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.…… As a matter of fact, I do not like violence…but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings.It was very dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison.But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal. Book 1 Unit 5 △Nelson Mandela /'nelsn m?n'del?/ 纳尔逊·曼德拉(前南非共和国总统) quality /'kw?l?ti/ n. 质量；品质；性质 △warm-hearted /w?:m 'ha:tid/ adj. 热心肠的 mean /mi:n/ adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的 active /'?ktiv/ adj. 积极的；活跃的 generous /'d?en?r?s/ adj. 慷慨的；大方的 △easy-going /i:zi:'g?ui?/ adj. 随和的；温和宽容的 self /self/ n. 自我；自身 selfish /'selfi?/ adj. 自私的 selfless /'selflis/ adj. 无私的；忘我的 selflessly /'selflisli/ adv. 无私地；忘我地 devote /di'v?ut/ vt. （与to连用）献身；专心于 devoted /di'v?utid/ adj. 忠实的；深爱的 △William Tyndale /'wilj?m 'tindl/ ` v cde2威廉·廷代尔(英国早期新教改革者) △Bible /'baibl/ n．《圣经》 △Norman Bethune /'n?:m?n b?'θu:n/ 诺曼·白求恩(加拿大胸外科医师) △invader /in'veid?/ n. 侵略者 found /faund/ vt. 建立；建设 republic /ri'p?blik/ n. 共和国；共和政体 principle /'prins?pl/ n. 法则；原则；原理 △nationalism /'n??n?liz?m/ n. 民族主义；国家主义