2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲正式发布(英语)

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲正式发布：英语

2017-12-15 教育部考试中心中国考试

英语

考核目标与要求

一、语言知识

要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录1至附录5），要求词汇量为3500左右。

二、语言运用

1．听力

要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应能：

（1）理解主旨要义；

（2）获取具体的、事实性信息；

（3）对所听内容做出推断；

（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。

2．阅读

要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：

（1）理解主旨要义；

（2）理解文中具体信息；

（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；

（4）做出判断和推理；

（5）理解文章的基本结构；

（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

3．写作

要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。考生应能：

（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；

（2）有效运用所学语言知识。

4．口语

要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。考生应能：

（1）询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法；

（2）做到语音、语调自然；

（3）做到语言运用得体；

（4）使用有效的交际策略。

附录1语音项目表

1. 基本读音

(1) 26个字母的读音

(2) 元音字母在重读音节中的读音

(3) 元音字母在轻读音节中的读音

(4) 元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音

(5) 常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音

(6) 辅音字母组合的读音

(7) 辅音连缀的读音

(8) 成节音的读音

2. 重音

(1) 单词重音

(2) 句子重音

3. 读音的变化

(1) 连读

(2) 失去爆破

(3) 弱读

(4) 同化

4. 语调与节奏

(1) 意群与停顿

(2) 语调

(3) 节奏

5. 语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用

6. 朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧

7. 主要英语国家的英语语音差异

附录2语法项目表

1. 名词

(1) 可数名词及其单复数

(2) 不可数名词

(3) 专有名词

(4) 名词所有格

2. 代词

(1) 人称代词

(2) 物主代词

(3) 反身代词

(4) 指示代词

(5) 不定代词

(6) 疑问代词

3. 数词

(1) 基数词

(2) 序数词

4. 介词和介词短语

5. 连词

6. 形容词(比较级和最高级)

7. 副词(比较级和最高级)

8. 冠词

9. 动词(1) 动词的基本形式

(2) 系动词

(3) 及物动词和不及物动词

(4) 助动词

(5) 情态动词

10. 时态

(1) 一般现在时

(2) 一般过去时

(3) 一般将来时

(4) 现在进行时

(5) 过去进行时

(6) 过去将来时

(7) 将来进行时

(8) 现在完成时

(9) 过去完成时

(10) 现在完成进行时

11. 被动语态

12. 非谓语动词

(1) 动词不定式

(2) 动词的-ing形式

(3) 动词的-ed形式

13. 构词法

(1) 合成法

(2) 派生法

(3) 转化法

(4) 缩写和简写

14. 句子种类

(1) 陈述句

(2) 疑问句

(3) 祈使句

(4) 感叹句

15. 句子成分

(1) 主语

(2) 谓语

(3) 表语

(4) 宾语

(5) 定语

(6) 状语

(7) 补语16. 简单句的基本句型

17. 主谓一致

18. 并列复合句

19. 主从复合句

(1) 宾语从句

(2) 状语从句

(3) 定语从句

(4) 主语从句

(5) 表语从句

20. 间接引语

21. 省略

22. 倒装

23. 强调

24. 虚拟语气

附录3功能意念项目表

1. 社会交往(Social Communications)

(1) 问候(Greetings)

(2) 介绍(Introduction)

(3) 告别(Farewells )

(4) 感谢(Thanks )

(5) 道歉(Apologies)

(6) 邀请(Invitation)

(7) 请求允许(Asking for permission)

(8) 祝愿和祝贺(Expressing wishes and congratulations)

(9) 提供帮助(Offering help)

(10) 接受和拒绝(Acceptance and refusal)

(11) 约会(Making appointments)

(12) 打电话(Making telephone calls)

(13) 就餐(Having meals)

(14) 就医(Seeing the doctor)

(15) 购物(Shopping)

(16) 问路(Asking the way)

(17) 谈论天气(Talking about weather)

(18) 语言交际困难(Language difficulties in communication)

(19) 提醒注意(Reminding)

(20) 警告和禁止(Warning and prohibition)

(21) 劝告(Advice)

(22) 建议(Suggestions)

2. 态度(Attitudes)

(23) 同意和不同意(Agreement and disagreement)

(24) 喜欢和不喜欢(Likes and dislikes)

(25) 肯定和不肯定(Certainty and uncertainty) (26) 可能和不可能(Possibility and impossibility)

(27) 能够和不能够(Ability and inability)

(28) 偏爱和优先选择(Preference)

(29) 意愿和打算(Intentions and plans)

(30) 希望和愿望(Hopes and wishes)

(31) 表扬和鼓励(Praise and encouragement)

(32) 责备和抱怨(Blame and complaint)

(33) 冷淡(Indifference)

(34) 判断与评价(Judgement and evaluation)

3. 情感(Emotions)

(35) 高兴(Happiness)

(36) 惊奇(Surprise)

(37) 忧虑(Worries)

(38) 安慰(Reassurance)

(39) 满意(Satisfaction)

(40) 遗憾(Regret)

(41) 同情(Sympathy)

(42) 恐惧(Fear)

(43) 愤怒(Anger)

4. 时间(Time)

(44) 时刻(Point of time)

(45) 时段(Duration)

(46) 频度(Frequency)

(47) 时序(Sequence)

5. 空间(Space)

(48) 位置(Position)

(49) 方向(Direction)

(50) 距离(Distance)

6. 存在(Existence)

(51) 存在与不存在(Existence and Non-existence)

7. 特征(Features)

(52) 形状(Shape)

(53) 颜色(Colour)

(54) 材料(Material)

(55) 价格(Price)

(56) 规格(Size)

(57) 年龄(Age)

8. 计量(Measurement)

(58) 长度(Length)

(59) 宽度(Width) (60) 高度(Height)

(61) 数量(Number)

9. 比较(Comparison)

(62) 同级比较(Equal comparison)

(63) 差别比较(Comparative and superlative)

(64) 相似和差别(Similarity and difference)

10. 逻辑关系(Logical relations)

(65) 原因和结果(Cause and effect)

(66) 目的(Purpose)

11. 职业(Occupations)

(67) 工作(Jobs)

(68) 单位(Employer)

附录4话题项目表

1. 个人情况(Personal information)

2. 家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family, friends and people around)

3. 周围的环境(Personal environments)

4. 日常活动(Daily routines)

5. 学校生活(School life)

6. 兴趣与爱好(Interests and hobbies)

7. 个人感情(Emotions)

8. 人际关系(Interpersonal relationships)

9. 计划与愿望(Plans and intentions)

10. 节假日活动(Festivals, holidays and celebrations)

11. 购物(Shopping)

12. 饮食(Food and drink)

13. 健康(Health)

14. 天气(Weather)

15. 文娱与体育(Entertainment and sports)

16. 旅游和交通(Travel and transport)

17. 语言学习(Language learning)

18. 自然(Nature)

19. 世界与环境(The world and the environment)

20. 科普知识与现代技术(Popular science and modern technology)

21. 热点话题(Topical issues)

22. 历史与地理(History and geography)

23. 社会(Society)

24. 文学与艺术(Literature and art)

附录5词汇表（略）

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21. Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping? A. OUT. B. WBP. C. CRF. D. POT. 22. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson? A. Travel to London. B. See a parade and fireworks. C. Tour central Paris. D. Visit the WWI battlefields. 23. How long does Potty about Potter last? A. Two days. B. Four days. C. Five days. D. One week. 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A 【解析】本文是一篇广告布告类说明文。文中讲述了家长和孩子一起挑选可以参加的活动。文中分别对这些活动的名称，活动内容，活动特色和活动组织工作人员还有活动的价格进行了详细的描述。 21. 细节理解题。根据题干中的go camping，我们可以迅速浏览到第一个活动当中的wild camping (野外露营)这个关键信息。故选A。

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英语试卷 第1页（共22页） 英语试卷 第2页（共22页） 绝密★启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英 语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt ？ A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C . 1. What will James do tomorrow ？ A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2. What can we say about the woman ？ A. She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful. 3. When does the train leave ？ A. At 6：30. B. At 8：30. C. At 10：30. 4. How does the woman go to work ？ A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers ？ A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman regret ？ A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major. 7. What is the woman interested in studying now ？ A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man ？ A. A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver. 9. What is the man doing for the woman ？ A. Looking for some local foods. B. Showing her around the seaside. C. Offering information about a hotel. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place ？ A. In an office. B. At home. C. At a restaurant. 11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening ？ A. Go to a concert. B. Visit a friend. C. Work extra hours. 12. Who is Alice going to call ？ A. Mike. B. Joan. C. Catherine. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the woman meet the man ？ A. To look at an apartment. B. To deliver some furniture. C. To have a meal together. ------------在 --------------------- 此--------------------- 卷--------------------- 上--------------------- 答--------------------- 题--------------------- 无-------------------- 效------------ ---- 姓名________________ 准考证号_____________

【分析】2018年高考英语全国II卷真题解析

〖解密〗2018年高考英语全国II卷真题解析 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Summer Activities Students should read the list with their parents / carers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are

21. Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping? A. OUT. B. WBP. C. CRF. D. POT. 22. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson? A. Travel to London. B. See a parade and fireworks. C. Tour central Paris. D. Visit the WWI battlefields. 23. How long does Potty about Potter last? A. Two days. B. Four days. C. Five days. D. One week. 1. 基督教堂学院（Christchurch）是牛津大学最大学院。基督教堂学院享有不称为College 的特权，在牛津它通常被称为“The House”。基督教堂学院与英国政治渊源很深，曾在 内战时作为查理一世的临时首都，在近200年内产生了16位英国首相。这里也是电影《哈 利﹒波特》的重要取景地。 2. 查韦尔河（River Cherwell）是泰晤士河（River Thames）位于英格兰中部的主要支流， 全长40英里，流经牛津大学城，最终在牛津西南方汇入泰晤士河。

2018年高考英语全国2卷真题及答案(word版)

绝密★启用前 2018年全国普通高等学校统一考试（全国2卷）

英语试题 第二部阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Summer Activities Students should read the list with their parents/carers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/ carers will be asked to sign to confirm their children’s choices.

21. Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping? A. OUT. B. WBP. C. CRF. D.POT. 22. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson? A. Travel to London B. see a parade and fireworks. C. Tour central Paris. D. Visit the WWI battlefields. 23. How long does Potty about Potter last? A. Two days. B. Four days C. Five days D. One week. B Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colorful and sweet jewels from British Columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection. Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein(蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into Vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries(樱桃), they are so delicious who care? However, they are rich in Vitamin C. When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruits shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.

2018年高考英语全国卷2-(附答案)

2018年高考英语全国卷2-(附答案)

2018年全国普通高等学校统一考试 英语试题 （本试卷共12页。时间：120分钟总分：150分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡ 19. 15 B. ￡ 9. 18 C. ￡ 9. 15 答案是C。 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What does John find difficult in learning German? A. Pronunciation. B. Vocabulary. C. Grammar. 2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 3.Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a bank. B. At a ticket office. C. On a train. 4.What are the speakers talking about? A. A restaurant. B. A street. C. A dish. 5.What does the woman think of her interview? A. It was tough. B. It was interesting. C. It was successful. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三 英语试卷第 2 页共 12 页

2018年高考英语全国卷2及答案

英语试卷 第1页（共24页） 英语试卷 第2页（共24页） 绝密★启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题卷 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C 。 1. What does John find difficult in learning German? ( ) A. Pronunciation. B. V ocabulary. C. Grammar. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? ( ) A. Colleagues. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? ( ) A. In a bank. B. At a ticket office. C. On a train. 4. What are the speakers talking about? ( ) A. A restaurant. B. A street. C. A dish. 5. What does the woman think of her interview? ( ) A. It was tough. B. It was interesting. C. It was successful. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. When will Judy go to a party? ( ) A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday. 7. What will Max do next ？ ( ) A. Fly a kite. B. Read a magazine. C. Do his homework. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the man suggest doing at first? ( ) A. Going to a concert. B. Watching a movie. C. Playing a computer game. 9. What do the speakers decide to do? ( ) A. Visit Mike. B. Go boating. C. Take a walk. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Which color do cats see better than humans? ( ) A. Red. B. Green. C. Blue. 11. Why do cats bring dead birds home? ( ) A. To eat them in a safe place. B. To show off their hunting skills. C. To make their owners happy. 12. How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? ( ) A. Grateful. B. Humorous. C. Curious. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Who is Macy ？ ( ) A. Ed’s mother. B. Ed’s teacher. C. Ed’s friend. ------------- 在 --------------------此 -------------------- 卷 --------------------上 -------------------- 答 -------------------- 题 --------------------无 -------------------- 效---------------- 毕业学校_____________ 姓名________________ 考生号________________ ________________ ___________

2018年高考英语全国3卷试题及答案

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（课标全国卷皿） 英语 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to Holker Hall & Garde n Visitor In formatio n How to Get to Holker By car: Follow brow n sig ns on A590 from. J36, M6. Approximate travel times: Win dermere ——20 minu tes, Ken dal —25 minu tes, Lan caster —45 minu tes, Man Chester —l hour 30minu tes By rail: the n earest stati on is Cark-i n-Cartmel with trai ns to Carnforth. Lan caster and Prest on for connections to major cities & airports. Opening times Sun day-Friday（closed on Saturday） 11:00 am-4;00pm, 30 March-2 nd November. Admissi on Charges Hall & Garde ns Garde ns Adults: ￡2.00 圮.00 Gropes: ￡.00 Special Events Producers Market 13th April Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas. Holker Garde n Festival 30th May The eve nt celebrates its 22nd anni versary with a great show of the very best of garde ning, making it one of the most popular eve nts in the garde ning. Natio nal Garde n Day 28th August Holker once aga in ope ns its garde ns in aid of the disadva ntaged. For just a small don ati on you can take a tour with our garde n guide. Win ter Market 8th November This is an event for all the family! Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and n ice street en terta inment. 21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester? A. 20 min utes. B. 25 min utes. C.45 mi nutes. D. 90 minu tes. 22. How much should a member of a tour group pay a visit to Hall & Garde ns? A. 12.00. B. 9.0￡ C. 8.0￡ D. 5.5￡ 23. Which eve nt will you go to if you want to see a live music show? A. Producers Market. B. Holker Garde n Festival C. Natio nal Garde n Day. D. Win ter Market B

2018年高考英语全国卷3-答案

2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标III 卷） 英语 第一部分听力 1.【答案】C 2.【答案】A 3.【答案】B 4.【答案】A 5.【答案】C 6.【答案】B 7.【答案】B 8.【答案】A 9.【答案】C 10 . 【答案】 C 11 . 【答案】 A 12 . 【答案】 B 13 . 【答案】 A 14 . 【答案】 B 15 . 【答案】 C 16 . 【答案】 A 17 . 【答案】 B 18 . 【答案】 C 19 . 【答案】 C 20【答A 第二部分阅读理 解 第一节 21 . 【答案】 D 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的 from Manchester 直接定位到文章 How to Get to Holker 部分中的 Manchester — 1 hour 30 minutes, 故选 D 项。 22.【答案】 B 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的a tour group 和 Hall & Gardens 直接定位到文章 Admission Charges 部分 中的 Groups: ￡9.00，故选 B 项。 23.【答案】 D 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的 see a live music show 直接定位到文章 1 部分中的 enjoying a live music show ，故选 D 项。 24.【答案】 C 【解析】推理判断题。题干句意：是什么吸引那些早期定居者来到纽约市的呢？根据第一段第

三句话（例如纽约市 ,它在哈得孙河入海口的一个大港口附近。）并结合第四句可知，这个优越的地理位置使得纽约市的人口在 300 年的时间里从 800 增长到 800 万。所以答案为 C 项:它的地理位置。 A 项 :它的贸易文化。 B 项:它的稀少的人口。 D 项 :它的宜人气候。这三项原文均未提及。 25.【答案】 B 【解析】细节理解题。题干句意 :对那些第一批到达道森市淘金的人我们了解到了什么？根据第二段倒数第 二句话（在第一批淘金的 20,000 人中，有 4,000 人富了起来。）可知有五分之一的人富了起来 ,故 B 项正确。 26.【答案】 B 【解析】推理判断题。题干句意 :很多人离开道森的主要原因是什么？根据第三段第四句话第一个逗号后的部分（当他们听说阿拉斯加州发现了新的金矿后，他们就像当初匆忙来道森市一样，又匆忙离开这里）可推断出这些人匆匆忙忙离开这里去阿拉斯加州淘金去了，又去碰运气看能不能变富。 B 项“他们想去别的地方碰运气。”与原文意思相符。 A 项：他们觉得城市太拥挤了。 C项：他们无法忍受这里的冬天。 D 项：他们缺少食物。这三项与原文不符。 27.【答案】 A 【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段第一句话提出观点：一个城市之所以矗立在那里是有充足的原因的。后文以两个城市为例来论证这个观点。纽约市的兴起是因为它优越的地理位置。道森市的兴起是因为这里发现了金矿，而这座城市的衰落是因为这里没有了金矿。由此可知本文主要描述了一个城市的兴起和衰落及其背后的原因。这与 A 项相符。 B 项:加拿大的淘金热。 C项:踏进荒野的旅程。 D 项:道森的旅游业。这三项都不是主题。 28.【答案】 B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句（他们的努力已被证明是富有成效的。）和最后一句（他是第一个获得这一奖项的中国公民。）可推知，王澍获奖意味着中国的建筑设计师正在获得世界的认可，故选 B 项。29.【答案】 C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是最后一句（这些建筑物的曲线与山的起伏完美搭配，形成了独特的风景。）可知答案为 C 项。 30.【答案】 D 【解析】推理判断题。题干句意：什么使王澍的建筑设计获得了成功？根据第五段最后一句（由于现代元素 与中国传统元素的结合，这一作品吸引了很多关注。）可知答案为 D 项。 31.【答案】 D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句（对传统的学习应该和实践相结合。）可知答案为 D 项。 32.【答案】 A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句话可知，我帮我自己的孩子学会了用更少的东西生活得更好，