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课文翻译
课文翻译

Unit 13

1Travel has always appealed to young people Carla Power et al. with means. But American kids are now on the move abroad in greater numbers than any previous generation. And these voyagers-mostly in their twenties and early thirties-aren?t just doing a grand tour on Mommy and Daddy?s credit card. Neither slackers nor disaffected dropouts, they defy the stereotypes of Generation X. And they disprove the conventional wisdom that the post-cold-war crop of Americans doesn?t care about the rest of the world. They may not want to be foreign-policy geeks, but they are intensely interested in other cultures and languages, in the kind of go-go job opportunities available in fast-growing foreign economies and in going overseas as a way of finding themselves. Call them Generation G, for Global. One of their unofficial mottoes: “Do it. Be it. Live it”.

旅游总是以种种方式吸引着像Carla Power et al的年轻人。然而,美国当代年轻人出国旅游的人数比之前任何一代都多。这些游子---大多数都是二十几或三十几---并不是拿着父母的信用卡出国大巡游/游学( a grand tour)。他们既不是懒家伙,也不是反叛的辍学者。他们蔑视人们对X一代人(generation X)的定式思维。美国的传统观念认为,后冷战时期的美国一代不关心世界大事(自私,除了关心自己,其它一概不管), 他们(以实际行动)证明这一传统观念是错的。他们或许不想当政客小丑,但他们对他国语言文化极为感兴趣,对在经济上快速崛起的新兴国家短期工作感兴趣,也对通过出国的方式来寻找自我极为感兴趣。权且称他们为G一代吧(G指global)。他们的一句非正式座右铭是:“做你想做的事,作你想做的人,过你想过的生活”。

2Even some of the most aimless of today?s young t ravelers want to put their journeys to good use eventually. “I?m hoping somewhere along the way, some voice will say, … Here?s where you should be, here?s what you should be doing?,” says Brian, a twenty-something kid who is bicycling through Asia without an itinerary ( and won?t give his last name for fear of worrying his mom). Many Gen-G travelers like Brian find their answer along the way. Beaux Walker, 30, gave up a six-figure income selling bonds on Wall Street and started his own computer business in China, where he makes much less money. “ This is so worth it,” he says in Shanghai. “This is the real deal.”

即便是最漫无目的的游子最终都希望能充分利用自己的旅行。“我希望在我行程的某一段,有个声音对我说: …这个地方你没白来,这件事情你做对了? ,” Brian如是说。Brian是个二十出头的小伙子,他骑着脚踏车在亚洲各国旅行,手头也没有什么行程安排。(他也不愿透露他姓啥,以免母亲替他担忧)。许多像Brian以一样的G 一代年轻游子都在旅途中解开了心结。Beaux Walker, 30岁,放弃了在华尔街从事债券销售,薪水高达6位数字的工作,来到中国开了一家属于自己的电脑公司,收入少多了。“我觉得值”,他在上海如是说,“这才是我真正想做的事儿”。

3Many young people discover their interest in the outside world by participating in study-abroad programs, which increased in number by about a third between 1991 and 1996. Coffee was hooked as a 16-year-old Rotary Club exchange student in France. Jennifer Lewellyn, a law student at a prestigious university in North America, did an internship last summer with South Africa?s Truth and Reconciliation Commission, which is trying to close the books on the horrors of the apartheid era. “ It?s easy to sit and theorize about the idea of justice,” she says, “but when you walk into a black township and see what it means for these people to forgive, it becomes a very in-your-face concept.”

许多年轻人出国留学,留学人数从1991到1996年几年间增加了大约三分之一。他们在国外找到了自己的兴趣所在。Coffee就是一个16岁留学法国的交换生。他特别热衷于“扶轮国际”驻法分社的活动。Jennifer Lewellyn,一所北美知名大学法学学生,去年夏天去了南非真理与和解委员会实习。该组织致力于终结种族隔离时代的恐怖行为。“坐下来将法律公正的概念理论化很容易,”她说,“但是,当你真正置身于黑人城镇,亲眼所见哪些黑人的宽恕意味着什么时,(你会觉得)给法律公平下定义就变得极富挑战了。”

4There?s plenty of work for young professionals overseas. Most emerging economies are short of computer specialists, bankers, engineers and other professionals. Dean Carignan, 28, a native of Alaska, already has his own business in akarta, the Indonesian capital. Last year he started a firm that designs computer presentations for corporate customers. He thinks he may sell the company eventually and return to the United States to study for an M.B.A. “Now that I?ve seen how business really works on the ground, I want to look at the theory,” he says, reversing the usual sequence.

在国外有很多工作都适合年轻的专业人员。大多数发展中国家都急需电脑专、银行、工程以及其它方面的专业技术人员。Dean Carignan,28岁,是一个土生土长的阿拉斯加人。他现在印度尼西亚首都雅加达有自己的营生。去年他开设一家专门为各大公司设计电脑显示板的公司。他想他最终还是会将公司转让,回到美国继续深造学习工商管理硕士课程。“由于我已弄明白生意究竟是怎么做的了,我想学习理论知识了。”他说,正好跟别人的经历倒过来。

5Serious work can be done in some of the most sybaritic places on earth. Prague is one of the most beautiful cities on the youth circuit. Some young Westerners go there just to hang out. B ut many others “are coming with a purpose,” says Scott Roger, 32, who has lived in the Czech capital for five years and was a founder of the Globe Bookstore and Café, the unofficial headquarters of the American expat community in Prague. “ They?re coming h ere to do graphic design, to write. They?re here to do serious things,” he says. “They came because they heard from people who came over on the first or second wave that Prague is still great.”

人们可以在世界上最奢华享乐的地方从事严肃的工作。在年轻人的圈子里,布拉格是最美丽的城市之一。

西方国家一些年轻游子去那儿只是为了享乐一番。但是,有一些年轻游子却是“带着目的而来的”,32岁的Scott Roger说。他在捷克的首都生活了五年并在那里开了间内设咖啡馆的全球书店。这也是旅居布拉格的美国侨民非官方聚脚点。“他们来到这里或做平面设计,或创办杂志、或从事写作。”他说:“他们之所以来,是因为他们听头一、两批来过的人说布拉格依然是个不错的地方”。

6Not all Gen-G travelers have so much fun. Some are engaged in righteously serious efforts to improve the planet, or some portion of it. They go on “green tours” or campaign for human rights. Alexis Gison, 26, from Washington, D.C., works for Radio Zid (Wall) in Sarajevo, an independent station that tries to appeal to all segments of the divide d Bosnian capital. She says Sarajevo is “nothing like Prague or Budapest, both of which I know. It?s rougher. It?s coarser, more raw. Y ou are getting closer to the heart of humanity somehow.” Another Washingtonian, John Pluecker, an 18-year-old who is head ing for Y ale and a medical career, spent the summer in Mexico?s embattled Chiapas stat, working at a “peace camp” to protect individuals threatened by violence and volunteering in a local hospital. “ The idea was to work, work alongside the people,” he says. “I wanted to get out of my little world. If I?m just looking around, what value would that have?”

并非所有G一代游子都能享受这等乐事。有些人很严肃而认真地付出努力,以便改善地球或地球某一部分的环境。他们参与“绿色环保游”,或从事人权运动。来自华盛顿特区,现年26岁的Alexis Gison在萨拉热窝的Zid电台工作。这家独立电台正试图呼吁处于四分五裂状态的波斯尼亚首府的各分裂派系(团结一心)。她说萨拉热窝“跟我所了解的布拉格或布达佩斯完全不同。萨拉热窝更粗野、更庸俗、更原始。不知不觉地,你就逐渐接近到人的本性。”另一名打算就读耶鲁大学,将来从医的华盛顿人,18岁的John Pluecker, 在墨西哥战火纷飞的切尔帕斯州度过了一夏。他在那儿的“和平阵营”工作,为受到暴力威胁的个人提供保护,在当地的医院当志愿者。“我意在工作,和当地人一起工作,”他说:“我想走出自己的狭小天地。如果我只是出来走走看看,那样的旅游有什么价值呢?”

7In the end, most Gen-G travelers dec ide that you can go home, after all. But it isn?t always easy. “Living abroad spoils you for real life,” says Amy Lam, 27, who has taught English in Japan for four years, saving enough money to pay off $23000 in college loans. “ I am afraid of the reverse culture shock,” she says. “I am afraid of feeling like a complete misfit.” She?s moving on to South Korea. Some young expats fear that they will fall back into an old rut if they go home. “Y ou?re afraid it won?t be as exciting,” says UCLA grad Charles Newb erry,29, who has worked and backpacked in South Asia and Europe and now has a job as a financial-news writer in Buenos Aires. “Y ou?re afraid you?ll get caught up in American lifestyle again and lose the incentive to go and live abroad.” But as this generat ion of young world travelers heads toward middle age, with all its encumbrances, the American lifestyle is relentlessly moving overseas. As it spreads and mutates, America itself may come seem more exotic.

最终,大多数G一代游子终究都会决定回家,但是并不总是那么容易。“在海外的生活放纵你过自己真正想要的生活,”27岁的Amy Lam如是说。她在日本教了四年英语,存够了钱,足以偿还$23,000助学贷款。“我害怕回去后自己文化带给我的冲击,”她说:“我害怕自己像个完全不能适应故土的人。”她打算去韩国。一些年轻的侨民害怕落入老套的生活模式,如果他们回家的话。“你会害怕回家的生活不再令人兴奋。”

29岁的加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA)的毕业生Charles Newberry说。他是个背着旅游行囊游历于南亚、欧洲各国,走到哪就工作到哪儿的人。现在,他在布宜诺斯艾利斯(阿根廷首都)从事金融新闻撰稿工作。“你会害怕重新回到美式生活,然后失去再去国外生活的动力。”然而,当这一代年轻的世界周游者人到中年,承受各种压力时,美式生活方式会不断被带到海外。随着美国生活方式的传播和变异,到最后,美国人自己反倒觉得它更具异国情调了。

Chinese into English :

Peking Opera, with 200 years of history, is valued as part of the immense heritage of Chinese culture. Unfortunately, this heritage has seen its appeal to younger generations in China decline in recent years. But when I was in Hawaii, I was surprised and pleased to see that some young Americans were actively involved in this ancient Oriental art and seriously studying the songs, speeches, movements and acrobatic conventions of the opera.

U15 text 1

America's international image problem

美国的国际形象问题

America is not loved like we once thought it was? The U.S. has an image problem, and it may largely be due to our own communication as a nation. This has become increasingly apparent to me over the past 10 years in travel to countries such as Nigeria, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Poland, France, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay, where I have marveled at my increasing ability to watch CNN and then see American films and television shows at nearly every switch of the channel.

1 美国不像我们以前想象的那样,招人喜欢;在国际社会上形象很差。这很大程度上是由我们自己国家的交流媒介造成的。在过去的十年中,我感觉这种情况日益明显。这些年,我游历多个国家,诸如:……, 所到之处,我都能在电视的任何频道观看到CNN新闻,美国影视节目。对此我感到十分惊讶。

Almost every gangster and inner-city crime movie produced by Hollywood are now available for international audiences. Images abound of wealth and excess in Americans' lifestyles and of inner-city life with its crime, drugs, and prostitution.

2 世界各地的观众都可以看到好莱坞制作的几乎每一部匪片、贫民窟犯罪片。影片描绘各色形象:富有而过分放纵奢靡的美国生活方式,以及平民窟的暴力犯罪、吸毒、卖淫嫖娼等等。

In addition, CNN has kept viewers up-to-date with news on sexual abuse by priests, Enron financial manipulations, the latest White House or Congressional scandal, illegal campaign contribution accusations, school violence, drug problems in rural areas and major cities, police brutality, racial strife, and the political accusations made during the Florida presidential vote recount. All received the same repetitive replay overseas as seen here.

3 除此以外, CNN滚动播报,更新各类新闻:牧师奸淫、美国安然公司对金融的操控、白宫/国会的最新丑闻、对竞选中非法募捐的指控、校园暴力、乡村吸毒问题、佛罗里达州总统选举选票重复计票的政治指控。凡此种种负面新闻就像在本地(美国国内)得以滚动播报一样,在海外也得以滚动重复播报。

One can not find in this mix the images of the real America--the America we want people in other nations to know. The communication fails to project of the values we treasure as Americans--such as freedom of religion and speech, charity for those less-fortunate, and openness in the performance of government.

4 我们无法从(上述)种种现象中找到真正的美国形象---我们想要其他国家的人民所了解的美国。传媒没有能够凸显出我们所珍惜的美国价值观---诸如:宗教、言论自由,扶贫济困的慈善行为、政府行为的公开化。

The distortion of the image projected of average American life was impressed upon me by a group of Brazilian mothers preparing to send their sons and daughters to a high school exchange program in Indiana. Their concerns were about the safety of their children and the drugs to which they might be exposed.

5 一群巴西妈妈们对由普通美国民众生活反映出来的美国形象的曲解给我留下深刻印象。她们原准备把孩子送到印第安纳州一所中学进行交流学习项目,但是,她们担心孩子们(在美)的安全,还担心孩子们会受毒品的影响/接触到毒品/ 沾上毒品。

International graduate students also confirm the twisted view in the messages this nation is communicating. Students tell me of their fear in coming here and that of their families for their safety. Where did they get their perceptions of life in the U.S.? They came from television--a communication tool that is now increasingly available along with growing viewer access to satellite news and successfully marketed American television programming.

6 海外留学生也证实了这个国家所传达的信息中有这种扭曲的形象。学生们跟我谈到他们害怕来这里(指美国),谈到他们的家长担心他们的安全。那他们是从哪里感知到美国国内生活的呢?当然是电视 ---一种日益唾手可得的媒介工具,以及日益增多的媒体受众可以轻易得到的卫星新闻和成功销售海外的美国电视节目。

Don’t get me wrong.Freedom of the news media and access to information and government records of the primary reasons our nation has an edge in the integrity of the operation of its law enforcement,judical,political,and government systems.The trouble is the lack of international viewer understanding of what to them is the repetitive communication of our social problems.Without a frame of reference or an understanding of what we view as entertainment rather than reality or of the way the news is reported in an open society,the existing visualization and communication of lifu in the U.S. through the news media and television shows contributes to more misunderstanding than understanding.

7 千万不要误解我的意思。新闻媒体的自由和各类资讯及政府文书的开放是使得我国完善执法、司法、政治、及政府系统的两个根本原因。问题是:新闻媒介反复把我们的社会问题传播给国际受众,而他们对媒体传播方式又缺乏了解。如果没有一个参照框架,不了解什么是我们认为的娱乐,什么是事实,不了解新闻在一个开放社会里报道的方式,只通过新闻媒介、电视节目来传播美国的生活并使之形象化将会导致人们对美国生活的误解多过了解。

So,what are the solutions other than control of the news media and the specific messages we project through our entertainment industries?The answer lies in the way that we balance our communication and shape it for understanding within the context in which the messages will be received.The U.S. government ,members of the news media ,the movie and television industries,and all Americans traveling abroad should join in assuming responsibility for the proess.Here are the roles I would suggest:

8 那么,我们对新闻媒体是疏还是堵?要通过娱乐业投射出什么样的特殊信息?问题的答案在于我们如何平衡我们的传播交流,对其加以改变以增进人们对所接受信息的了解。美国政府、媒介成员、影视行业以及旅居国外的美国人必须携手共同承担责任。在此我对其各自分担的角色提出以下建议:

The role of government.Washington should and must exercise leadership.The process should be one of monitoring what we are projecting as a country and educating citizens and decision-makers of steps

that can be taken to build international understanding of America’s values.

9 政府的角色:华盛顿政府应该也必须负起领导责任,对我们,作为一个国家,对外应投射出什么样的形象进行监控,告诫国民、决策者应该采取什么步骤来建立国际社会对美国价值观的了解。

The role of the entertainment indestries.They should be encouraged to develop their own industry policies for the exercise of responsibility in marketing and distributing movies and TV shows to international audiences where a frame of reference is lacking in terms of what may be viewed an reality.Good management judgment must prevail in deciding when international viewers should be provided with information that will balance their understanding as to what is real,what is entertainment,and what has been or is being done in America to address a problem presented.A preface or postscript could contribute much to understanding.

10 娱乐行业的角色:应鼓励他们发展其自身的行业政策,并担负起责任。在对海外销售、发行电影、电视节目时,为海外观众建立一个他们所缺乏的参照,让他们了解什么是虚幻的,什么是真实的。在决定什么时候提供给海外观众信息,让他们明白什么是真,什么是幻,对影视节目所反映的问题已经采取了或正在采取什么解决措施等方面,好的管理判断能力一定能奏效。前言或补充说明能非常有助于(国际观众)了解(美国)。

The role of the media.International news providers such as CNN should recognize a special responsibility to report event so that those in international cultures will have a frame of reference in which to interpret and understand the context of what they are receiving.Explanation of the U.S.’s open records laws,the judicial system,consumer and investor protection laws,the quality of education,and the role and responsibility of media in U.S. society are a few examples of orientation needs,It cannot be assumed that international audiences will have the same understanding as American ones because of a lack of common experience.

11 新闻媒体的角色:诸如CNN之类的国际新闻提供者在报道新闻事件时应该认清其特殊的责任。这样的话,生活在其他文化中的新闻受众将会有一个参照来理解他们所接收信息的背景。对美国公开的法律文件、司法系统、消费者投资者保护法、教育质量、美国社会中媒体所扮演的角色、承担的责任等进行解释说明。仅举几例说明海外媒体受众所需的方向标杆。由于缺乏共同的经历,我们不能想当然地以为其它国家的媒体受众也会和美国媒体受众(对美国的新闻事件)有着同样的理解。

The role of the American international traveler.Americans need to be reminded by our government that they are visitors and guests when they travel and that,so they do,they become role models for the perception gained of all Americans.They also need to be reminded of the values that we hold and of the key democratic advancements we enjoy in our country.Americans have to know that they share a responsibility in explaining these values and how they see themselves benefiting from them.Most of all,Americans should not be timid in explaining why they feel the values are universally essential for world peace as they become increasingly globally interdependent.When we take these actions,we will have taken a major step in correcting American’s image.

12 美国海外游子的角色:我们的政府有必要提醒国人,当他们旅行时,他们是游客。此时,他们就成为美国形象的模范代表,人们从他们身上来了解所有美国人。政府还必须提醒国人不要忘记我们所持的价值观以及我们所享有的重要的民主进步。美国人得明白他们有责任向他人阐述这些价值观以及自己如何受惠于这些价值观。最为重要的是,随着全球相互依存性的日益增强,美国人应该大胆地阐述为什么他们觉得这些价值观对于维护世界和平具有普遍的重要意义。我们采取以上行动时,在改变美国形象方面,我们就已经跨越了一大步。

Chinese into English :

Television news reports and programs bring about bout positive and negative influence. From the news reports, people get to know the great events that have happened, are happening or will happen in the world, such as wars in the Middle East and famine in Africa. As a result, they broaden their mind. By watching television programs people also get to know other peoples and their cultures. However, television news reports and programs may mislead people. Violence and drug problems are harmful to young people. Political scandals, illegal campaign contributions and illegal financial manipulation greatly damage the nation’s image. Things go worse especially when international audiences lack context and a frame of reference.

Unit 13

旅游总是以种种方式吸引着像…的年轻人。然而,美国当代年轻人出国旅游的人数比之前任何一代都多。这些游子---大多数都是二十几或三十几---并不是拿着父母的信用卡出国大巡游/游学( a grand tour)。他们既不是懒家伙,也不是反叛的辍学者。他们蔑视人们对X一代人(generation X)的定式思维。美国的传统观念认为,后冷战时期的美国一代不关心世界大事(自私,除了关心自己,其它一概不管), 他们(以实际行动)证明这一传统观念是错的。他们或许不想当政客小丑,但他们对他国语言文化极为感兴趣,对在经济上快速崛起的新兴国家短期工作感兴趣,也对通过出国的方式来寻找自我极为感兴趣。权且称他们为G一代吧(G指global)。他们的一句非正式座右铭是:“做你想做的事,作你想做的人,过你想过的生活”。

即便是最漫无目的的游子最终都希望能充分利用自己的旅行。“我希望在我行程的某一段,有个声音对我说: …这个地方你没白来,这件事情你做对了? ,” Brian如是说。Brian是个二十出头的小伙子,他骑着脚踏车在亚洲各国旅行,手头也没有什么行程安排。(他也不愿透露他姓啥,以免母亲替他担忧)。许多像Brian以一样的G一代年轻游子都在旅途中解开了心结。Beaux Walker, 30岁,放弃了在华尔街从事债券销售,薪水高达6位数字的工作,来到中国开了一家属于自己的电脑公司,收入少多了。“我觉得值”,他在上海如是说,“这才是我真正想做的事儿”。

许多年轻人出国留学,留学人数从1991到1996年几年间增加了大约三分之一。他们在国外找到了自己的兴趣所在。Coffee 就是一个16岁留学法国的交换生。他特别热衷于“扶轮国际”驻法分社的活动。Jennifer Lewellyn,一所北美知名大学法学学生,去年夏天去了南非真理与和解委员会实习。该组织致力于终结种族隔离时代的恐怖行为。“坐下来将法律公正的概念理论化很容易,”她说,“但是,当你真正置身于黑人城镇,亲眼所见哪些黑人的宽恕意味着什么时,(你会觉得)给法律公平下定义就变得极富挑战了。”

在国外有很多工作都适合年轻的专业人员。大多数发展中国家都急需电脑专、银行、工程以及其它方面的专业技术人员。Dean Carignan,28岁,是一个土生土长的阿拉斯加人。他现在印度尼西亚首都雅加达有自己的营生。去年他开设一家专门为各大公司设计电脑显示板的公司。他想他最终还是会将公司转让,回到美国继续深造学习工商管理硕士课程。“由于我已弄明白生意究竟是怎么做的了,我想学习理论知识了。”他说,正好跟别人的经历倒过来。

人们可以在世界上最奢华享乐的地方从事严肃的工作。在年轻人的圈子里,布拉格是最美丽的城市之一。西方国家一些年轻游子去那儿只是为了享乐一番。但是,有一些年轻游子却是“带着目的而来的”,32岁的Scott Roger说。他在捷克的首都生活了五年并在那里开了间内设咖啡馆的全球书店。这也是旅居布拉格的美国侨民非官方聚脚点。“他们来到这里或做平面设计,或创办杂志、或从事写作。”他说:“他们之所以来,是因为他们听头一、两批来过的人说布拉格依然是个不错的地方”。

并非所有G一代游子都能享受这等乐事。有些人很严肃而认真地付出努力,以便改善地球或地球某一部分的环境。他们参与“绿色环保游”,或从事人权运动。来自华盛顿特区,现年26岁的Alexis Gison在萨拉热窝的Zid电台工作。这家独立电台正试图呼吁处于四分五裂状态的波斯尼亚首府的各分裂派系(团结一心)。她说萨拉热窝“跟我所了解的布拉格或布达佩斯完全不同。萨拉热窝更粗野、更庸俗、更原始。不知不觉地,你就逐渐接近到人的本性。”另一名打算就读耶鲁大学,将来从医的华盛顿人,18岁的John Pluecker, 在墨西哥战火纷飞的切尔帕斯州度过了一夏。他在那儿的“和平阵营”工作,为受到暴力威胁的个人提供保护,在当地的医院当志愿者。“我意在工作,和当地人一起工作,”他说:“我想走出自己的狭小天地。如果我只是出来走走看看,那样的旅游有什么价值呢?”

最终,大多数G一代游子终究都会决定回家,但是并不总是那么容易。“在海外的生活放纵你过自己真正想要的生活,”27岁的Amy Lam如是说。她在日本教了四年英语,存够了钱,足以偿还$23,000助学贷款。“我害怕回去后自己文化带给我的冲击,”她说:“我害怕自己像个完全不能适应故土的人。”她打算去韩国。一些年轻的侨民害怕落入老套的生活模式,如果他们回家的话。“你会害怕回家的生活不再令人兴奋。”

29岁的加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校(UCLA)的毕业生Charles Newberry说。他是个背着旅游行囊游历于南亚、欧洲各国,走到哪就工作到哪儿的人。现在,他在布宜诺斯艾利斯(阿根廷首都)从事金融新闻撰稿工作。“你会害怕重新回到美式生活,然后失去再去国外生活的动力。”然而,当这一代年轻的世界周游者人到中年,承受各种压力时,美式生活方式会不断被带到海外。随着美国生活方式的传播和变异,到最后,美国人自己反倒觉得它更具异国情调了。

美国的国际形象问题

1 美国不像我们以前想象的那样,招人喜欢;在国际社会上形象很差。这很大程度上是由我们自己国家的交流媒介造成的。在过去的十年中,我感觉这种情况日益明显。这些年,我游历多个国家,诸如:……, 所到之处,我都能在电视的任何频道观看到CNN新闻,美国影视节目。对此我感到十分惊讶。

2 世界各地的观众都可以看到好莱坞制作的几乎每一部匪片、贫民窟犯罪片。影片描绘各色形象:富有而过分放纵奢靡的美国生活方式,以及平民窟的暴力犯罪、吸毒、卖淫嫖娼等等。

3 除此以外, CNN滚动播报,更新各类新闻:牧师奸淫、美国安然公司对金融的操控、白宫/国会的最新丑闻、对竞选中非法募捐的指控、校园暴力、乡村吸毒问题、佛罗里达州总统选举选票重复计票的政治指控。凡此种种负面新闻就像在本地(美国国内)得以滚动播报一样,在海外也得以滚动重复播报。

4 我们无法从(上述)种种现象中找到真正的美国形象---我们想要其他国家的人民所了解的美国。传媒没有能够凸显出我们所珍惜的美国价值观---诸如:宗教、言论自由,扶贫济困的慈善行为、政府行为的公开化。

5 一群巴西妈妈们对由普通美国民众生活反映出来的美国形象的曲解给我留下深刻印象。她们原准备把孩子送到印第安纳州一所中学进行交流学习项目,但是,她们担心孩子们(在美)的安全,还担心孩子们会受毒品的影响/接触到毒品/ 沾上毒品。

6 海外留学生也证实了这个国家所传达的信息中有这种扭曲的形象。学生们跟我谈到他们害怕来这里(指美国),谈到他们的家长担心他们的安全。那他们是从哪里感知到美国国内生活的呢?当然是电视 ---一种日益唾手可得的媒介工具,以及日益增多的媒体受众可以轻易得到的卫星新闻和成功销售海外的美国电视节目。

7 千万不要误解我的意思。新闻媒体的自由和各类资讯及政府文书的开放是使得我国完善执法、司法、政治、及政府系统的两个根本原因。问题是:新闻媒介反复把我们的社会问题传播给国际受众,而他们对媒体传播方式又缺乏了解。如果没有一个参照框架,不了解什么是我们认为的娱乐,什么是事实,不了解新闻在一个开放社会里报道的方式,只通过新闻媒介、电视节目来传播美国的生活并使之形象化将会导致人们对美国生活的误解多过了解。

8 那么,我们对新闻媒体是疏还是堵?要通过娱乐业投射出什么样的特殊信息?问题的答案在于我们如何平衡我们的传播交流,对其加以改变以增进人们对所接受信息的了解。美国政府、媒介成员、影视行业以及旅居国外的美国人必须携手共同承担责任。在此我对其各自分担的角色提出以下建议:

9 政府的角色:华盛顿政府应该也必须负起领导责任,对我们,作为一个国家,对外应投射出什么样的形象进行监控,告诫国民、决策者应该采取什么步骤来建立国际社会对美国价值观的了解。

10 娱乐行业的角色:应鼓励他们发展其自身的行业政策,并担负起责任。在对海外销售、发行电影、电视节目时,为海外观众建立一个他们所缺乏的参照,让他们了解什么是虚幻的,什么是真实的。在决定什么时候提供给海外观众信息,让他们明白什么是真,什么是幻,对影视节目所反映的问题已经采取了或正在采取什么解决措施等方面,好的管理判断能力一定能奏效。前言或补充说明能非常有助于(国际观众)了解(美国)。

11 新闻媒体的角色:诸如CNN之类的国际新闻提供者在报道新闻事件时应该认清其特殊的责任。这样的话,生活在其他文化中的新闻受众将会有一个参照来理解他们所接收信息的背景。对美国公开的法律文件、司法系统、消费者投资者保护法、教育质量、美国社会中媒体所扮演的角色、承担的责任等进行解释说明。仅举几例说明海外媒体受众所需的方向标杆。由于缺乏共同的经历,我们不能想当然地以为其它国家的媒体受众也会和美国媒体受众(对美国的新闻事件)有着同样的理解。

12 美国海外游子的角色:我们的政府有必要提醒国人,当他们旅行时,他们是游客。此时,他们就成为美国形象的模范代表,人们从他们身上来了解所有美国人。政府还必须提醒国人不要忘记我们所持的价值观以及我们所享有的重要的民主进步。美国人得明白他们有责任向他人阐述这些价值观以及自己如何受惠于这些价值观。最为重要的是,随着全球相互依存性的日益增强,美国人应该大胆地阐述为什么他们觉得这些价值观对于维护世界和平具有普遍的重要意义。我们采取以上行动时,在改变美国形象方面,我们就已经跨越了一大步。

以下三课为教师教案

第6课P89中译英

It is important for a teacher to have a geniun capacity for sympathy --- a capacity to understand the minds and feelings of other people. Closely related with this is the capacity to be tolerant --- not of what is wrong, but of the immaturity of his students. It is essential for a teacher to be both intellectually and morally honest. It means that he will be aware of his intellectual strengths and limitations, and will have thought about and decided upon the moral principles by which his life shall be guided.

第7课P105中译英

Let?s suppose there are three hypothetical, separate planes on which we listen to music. The first plane is sensuous. On this plane, we listen for the sheer pleasure of the musical sound itself and we hear music without thinking, without considering it any way. This is the simplest way of listening to music.

The second is the expressive plane. On this plane we listen not only for the pleasure of the musical sound, but also for the understanding of what the piece of music is saying. All music has a theme. But while listening, each listener feels for himself the specific expressive quality of the theme.

The third plane on which music exist is the sheerly musical plane. When we listen to music we must be prepared to increase our awareness of the melodies, the rhythms, the harmonies etc. Actually, we never listen on only one or the other of the three planes. What we do is to instinctively listen in all three ways at the same time.

第12课P190中译英

Mashall Mcluhan holds that we live in a global village, but I think we live in a global archipelago so far as nature is concerned. Nowadays, we humans have divided the great continental landscapes into pieces in the form of crop-fields, highways, parks and nature reserves etc., owning to reasons known to all. The fragmentation has great negative ecological consequences. This global archipelago will be a world that is starker, uglier, duller and lonelier for us humans as a species.

第13课P190中译英

Peking Opera, with 200 years of history, is valued as part of the immense heritage of Chinese culture. Unfortunately, this heritage has seen its appeal to younger generations in China decline in recent years. But when I was in Hawaii, I was surprised and pleased to see that some young Americans were actively involved in this ancient Oriental art and seriously studying the songs, speeches, movements and acrobatic conventions of the opera.

第15课P190中译英

Television news reports and programs bring about bout positive and negative influence. From the news reports, people get to know the great events that have happened, are happening or will happen in the world, such as wars in the Middle East and famine in Africa. As a result, they broaden their mind. By watching television programs people also get to know other peoples and their cultures. However, television news reports and programs may mislead people. Violence and drug problems are harmful to young people. Political scandals, illegal campaign contributions and illegal financial manipulation greatly damage the nation’s image. Things go worse especially when international audiences lack context and a frame of reference.

新视野大学英语2第三版unit8 textA课文翻译.doc

Unit 8 Section A Animals or children?—A scientist's choice 动物还是孩子?——一位科学家的选择 1 I am the enemy! I am one of those cursed, cruel physician scientists involved in animal research. These rumors sting, for I have never thought of myself as an evil person. I became a children's doctor because of my love for children and my supreme desire to keep them healthy. During medical school and residency, I saw many children die of cancer and bloodshed from injury — circumstances against which medicine has made great progress but still has a long way to go. More importantly, I also saw children healthy thanks to advances in medical science such as infant breathing support, powerful new medicines and surgical techniques and the entire field of organ transplantation. My desire to tip the scales in favor of healthy, happy children drew me to medical research. 1 我就是那个敌人!我就是那些被人诅咒的、残忍的、搞动物实验的医生科学家之一。这些谣言刺痛了我,因为我从来没想到自己是一个邪恶的人。我成为一位儿科医生,因为我爱孩子,也因为我的最大愿望是让他们保持健康。在医学院学习和住院医生实习时,我看到了许多儿童死于癌症和受伤流血——虽然对此医学正取得很大进步,但远非完善。更重要的是,我还看到孩子们能保持健康得益于医学的进步,如婴儿呼吸支持器,功效强大的新药物和外科手术技术及整个器官移植领域的发展。我希望孩子们健康快乐,这促使我从事医学研究。 2 My accusers have twisted the truth into a fable and cast me as the devil. They claim that I have no moral compass, that I torture innocent animals for the sole purpose of career advancement, and that my experiments have no relevance to medicine. Meanwhile, an uncaring public barely watches, convinced that the issue has no significance, and publicity-conscious senators and politicians increasingly give way to the lobbying of animal rights activists. 2 控诉我的人把真相歪曲成一则神话,并把我描写成恶魔。他们声称我没有道德界限,我折磨那些无辜动物的唯一目的就是为了自己的职业升迁,而我的实验根本与医药毫不相关。与此同时,无动于衷的公众几乎不闻不问,相信这个议题毫无意义,而具有宣传意识的参议员和政治家们却对动物权利活动家的游说不断作出让步。 3We,in medical research,have also been unbelievably uncaring.We have allowed the most extr eme animal rights protesters to creep in and frame the issue as one of"animal fraud"and hatred. We have persisted in our belief that a knowledgeable public would consent to the importance of animal research for public health.Perhaps we have been mistaken in not responding to the emoti onal tone of the argument.Perhaps we should have responded to those sad slogans and posters of animals by waving equally sad posters of children dying of cancer or external wounds. 3我们这些从事医学研究的人也显得令人难以置信的冷漠。我们允许最极端的动物权利活动家渐渐侵入,任凭他们把此类研究诬陷为“动物欺诈”和对动物的仇恨。我们一直坚信,有知识的公众会赞同动物研究对公众健康的重要性。也许我们的错误是没有对这场争论的感性基调作出反应。也许我们早应该挥动着儿童死于癌症或外伤的同样令人伤心的海报,来回应那些关于动物受害的伤感标语及海报。 4In the animal rights forum,much is made of the volume of pain these animals experience in the name of medical science.Activists deny that we are trying to help and say it is evidence of our ev il and cruel nature.A more reasonable argument,however,can be advanced in our defense.Life i

高级英语2课文翻译Book2Unit14

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Unit 6 Woman, Half the Sky Carolyn Turk works in a profession that has traditionally been a career for men. Here she talks about how she came to do so and how her success just goes to show that a woman can learn anything a man can. 卡洛琳特克从事的职业传统上一直是男人们的天下。在本文,她谈到自己是如何干上这一行的,并通过她的成功表明男人们能学会的事女人们也能做到。 Text A A Woman Can Learn Anything a Man Can Carolyn Turk 男人学得会的,女人也学得会 卡罗琳·特克1 When I was a kid, everything in my bedroom was pink. I have two sisters and we had a complete miniature kitchen, a herd of My Little Ponies and several Barbie and Ken dolls. We didn't have any toy trucks, G. I. Joes or basketballs. We did have a Wiffle-ball set, but you would have been hard-pressed to find it in our playroom. Tomboys we weren't.

大英三课文带翻译

Never, ever give up! 永不言弃! 1 As a young boy, Britain's great Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill, attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a good student, and had he not been from a famous family, he probably would have been removed from the school for deviating from the rules. Thankfully, he did finish at Harrow and his errors there did not preclude him from going on to the university. He eventually had a premier army career whereby he was later elected prime minister. He achieved fame for his wit, wisdom, civic duty, and abundant courage in his refusal to surrender during the miserable dark days of World War II. His amazing determination helped motivate his entire nation and was an inspiration worldwide. 英国的伟大首相温斯顿·丘吉尔爵士,小时候在哈罗公学上学。当时他可不是个好学生,要不是出身名门,他可能早就因为违反纪律被开除了。谢天谢地,他总算从哈罗毕业了,在那里犯下的错误并没影响到他上大学。后来,他凭着军旅生涯中的杰出表现当选为英国首相。他的才思、智慧、公民责任感以及在二战痛苦而黑暗的时期拒绝投降的无畏勇气,为他赢得了美名。他非凡的决心,不仅激励了整个民族,还鼓舞了全世界。 2 Toward the end of his period as prime minister, he was invited to address the patriotic young boys at his old school, Harrow. The headmaster said, "Young gentlemen, the greatest speaker of our time, will be here in a few days to address you, and you should obey whatever sound advice he may give you." The great day arrived. Sir Winston stood up, all five feet, five inches and 107 kilos of him, and gave this short, clear-cut speech: "Young men, never give up. Never give up! Never give up! Never, never, never, never!" 在他首相任期即将结束时,他应邀前往母校哈罗公学,为满怀报国之志的同学们作演讲。校长说:“年轻的先生们,当代最伟大的演说家过几天就会来为你们演讲,他提出的任何中肯的建议,你们都要听从。”那个激动人心的日子终于到了。温斯顿爵士站了起来——他只有5英尺5英寸高,体重却有107公斤。他作了言简意赅的讲话:“年轻人,要永不放弃。永不放弃!永不放弃!永不,永不,永不,永不!” 3 Personal history, educational opportunity, individual dilemmas — none of these can inhibit a strong spirit committed to success. No task is too hard. No amount of preparation is too long or too difficult. Take the example of two of the most scholarly scientists of our age, Albert Einstein and Thomas Edison. Both faced immense obstacles and extreme criticism. Both were called "slow to learn" and written off as idiots by their teachers. Thomas Edison ran away from school because his teacher whipped him repeatedly for asking too many questions. Einstein didn't speak fluently until he was almost nine years old and was such a poor student that some thought he was unable to learn. Yet both boys' parents believed in them. They worked intensely each day with their sons, and the boys learned to never bypass the long hours of hard work that they needed to succeed. In the end, both Einstein and Edison overcame their childhood persecution and went on to achieve magnificent discoveries that benefit the entire world today. 个人经历、教育机会、个人困境,这些都不能阻挡一个全力以赴追求成功的、有着坚强意志的人。任务再苦,准备再长,难度再大,都不能让他放弃自己的追求。就以本时代最有学问的两位科学家——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和托马斯·爱迪生为例,他们都曾面临巨大的障碍和极

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Lesson1 A puma at large Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar. The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered(adj.被困得走投无路的). The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of 'cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from ? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. 美洲狮是一种体形似猫的大动物,产于美洲。当伦敦动物园接到报告说,在伦敦以南45英里处发现一只美洲狮时,这些报告并没有受到重视。可是,随着证据越来越多,动物园的专家们感到有必要进行一番调查,因为凡是声称见到过美洲狮的人们所描述的情况竟是出奇地相似。 搜寻美洲狮的工作是从一座小村庄开始的。那里的一位妇女在采摘黑莓时的看见“一只大猫”,离她仅5码远,她刚看见它,它就立刻逃走了。专家证实,美洲狮非被逼得走投无路,是决不会伤人的。事实上搜寻工作很困难,因为常常是早晨在甲地发现那只美洲狮,晚上却在20英里外的乙地发现它的踪迹。无论它走哪儿,一路上总会留下一串死鹿及死兔子之类的小动物,在许多地方看见爪印,灌木丛中发现了粘在上面的美洲狮毛。有人抱怨说夜里听见“像猫一样的叫声”;一位商人去钓鱼,看见那只美洲狮在树上。专家们如今已经完全肯定那只动物就是美洲狮,但它是从哪儿来的呢?由于全国动物园没有一家报告丢了美洲狮,因此那只美洲狮一定是某位私人收藏豢养的,不知怎么设法逃出来了。搜寻工作进行了好几个星期,但始终未能逮住那只美洲狮。想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流窜,真令人担心。 Lesson 2 Thirteen equals one Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired. The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since. ' One night, however, our vicar woke up with a start: the clock was striking the hours! Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o'clock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped. Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on. In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom

英专综合教程4课文译文

第一单元绝不屈服,绝不,绝不,绝不 丘吉尔 1距离上次你们校长盛情邀请我来这里已经快一年了,上次来是为了通过演唱我们自己的校歌来鼓舞我自己以及其他一些朋友的心灵的。在过去的十个月里,世界上发生了许多极为悲惨的事情——起起伏伏,多灾多难——但今天下午,这个十月的下午,在座的有谁能对过去这段时间所发生的事情以及我们国家和家园所发生的巨大改进不充满感激之情?是啊,当上次我来这里的时候,我们都非常的孤独,充满了绝望的孤独,这种状况持续了大约五六个月。我们当时的装备很差,而如今我们的装备已不再这么差了;但当时我们的装备的确非常差。我们受到了敌人的巨大威胁,他们的空袭至今仍在我们头顶上轰鸣,你们大家一定经历过这种空袭;我想你们大家一定开始对目前的这种局面感到烦躁,因为这种局面已经持续了很久而毫无转机。 2但我们必须学会正确对待这两种情况:不管是短暂激烈的,还是长期艰难地。人们通常都认为英国人总是在最后表现得最好。他们不想从一种危机转入另一种危机;他们不会总是期待战争每一天都会出现好的转机;但当他们慢慢下定决心要结束这一切的时候,那么,即使是要花费几个月,甚至数年的时间,他们也会做的。 3让我们把思绪拉到十个月之前我们在此相遇的情景,然后再转到现在。另外一个我想我们可以吸取的教训是,表面的东西往往具有欺骗性。正如吉普林所说的,我们必须“去面对胜利和灾难,并对这两种具有欺骗性的东西保持同样的态度。” 4你很难从事情的表面判断它的走势。尽管离开了想象力就做不了多少事情,但想象有时候会让事情看起来比实际情况更糟。那些富有想象力的人会发现很多也许根本就不存在的危险;也许会有更多的危险发生,但这些人同时也要祈求能被赐予额外的勇气来承受这种深远的想象力。但对所有人来说,毫无疑问,我们在这段时期所经历的——我要告诉你们——从这10个月的经历中所得到的经验就是:绝不屈服,绝不屈服,绝不,绝不,绝不,绝不——屈服于任何东西,不管它是伟大还是渺小,庞大还是细微——除了对荣誉和机智外,都绝不屈服。不屈从于暴力,不屈从于表面上气势汹汹的敌人。一年前我们孤军奋战,对许多国家来说,我们的命运似乎终止了,我们似乎完蛋了。我们所有的传统,我们的歌曲,我们学校的历史,这个国家的这一段历史,似乎都要随风而去了。 5如今大家的心情已完全不同。其他国家都认为英国已经翻开了新的一页,但其实我们的国家是站在一个缺口上。没有退缩,没有屈服的念头;这些对于英伦三岛以外的人来说都是奇迹般的事情,我们自己从来没有怀疑过,我们发现自己现在正处在这种局势中,就是我所说的,坚持就是胜利。 6你们今天唱了一段校歌:你们唱了特别为我所做的那段,你们今天一起重复了那段,我深感荣幸。但其中有一个词我想改一下——去年我就想改了,但当时没敢改。就是那句:“即使对最黑暗的日子,我们也要赞颂它。” 7我已经征得了校长的同意,将“更黑暗”改为“更严峻”。“即使是对更严峻的日子,我们也要称颂它。” 8让我们不要再谈及那些更黑暗的日子,而谈及那些更严峻的日子吧。这段时光并不是黑暗的日子;这些是伟大的日子——我们国家所经历的最伟大的一段日子;我们每个人都该感谢上帝能够允许我们参与其中,我们都各负其责,使这段日子在我们人类历史上留下永恒的印迹。

第二版综合教程第三册课文译文及翻译

Unit 1 Cloze ▆Complete the following passage with words chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each is given. ▆ Answers: 1)reliable 2)syndrome 3)adopted 4)got done with 5)gloomy 6)| 7)or something 8)chance 9)come through 10)barely 11)in good shape 12)booth 13)mess 14)scrawled 15)peeking 16)in ' Translation 1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets. ▆Answers for reference: 1)What I didn’t count on was that over time I would sincerely take pride in being a social worker. 2)Shooting a quick look at the clock on the wall, Grandma let out a cry, “Oh, My dear /My goodness/My gracious, we’re going to miss the train!” 3)At the kindergarten entrance, I always see some kids/children holding firmly on to their parents. Should young parents be sterner towards their kids/children and leave immediately under these circumstances 4)In the dim street light stood a weeping little girl/ a girl weeping. 5)When making donations, rich people should be as considerate as possible in order not to put the recipient in an embarrassing situation. 6)Since last month, my work has been revolving around the routine office duties, so now I am counting the days until the National Day comes, when my friends and I are going hiking in the countryside. — 课文参考译文

textA课文翻译

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全新版大学英语综合教程3课文翻译

AppendⅡ Chinese Translations of Texts A (Units 1-8) 参考译文 目录: 第一单元生活方式的改变 (2) 第二单元民权英雄 (5) 第三单元安全问题 (8) 第四单元外星人 (10) 第五单元如何欢庆节日 (14) 第六单元人情味 (18) 第七单元谋生 (21)

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综合教程3课文翻译The-Land-of-the-Lock(Unit3TextA)

Unit 3 Security Text A Years ago in America, it was customary for families to leave their doors unlocked, day and night. In this essay, Greene regrets that people can no longer trust each other and have to resort to elaborate security systems to protect themselves and their possessions. 许多年前,在美国,家家户户白天黑夜不锁门是司空见惯的。在本文中,格林叹惜人们不再相互信任,不得不凭借设计精密的安全设备来保护自己和财产。 The Land of the Lock Bob Greene 锁之国 1 In the house where I grew up, it was our custom to leave the front door on the latch at night. I don't know if that was a local term or if it is universal; "on the latch" meant the door was closed but not locked. None of us carried keys; the last one in for the evening would close up, and that was it. 小时候在家里,我们的前门总是夜不落锁。我不知道这是当地的一种说法还是大家都这么说;"不落锁"的意思是掩上门,但不锁住。我们谁都不带钥匙;晚上最后一个回家的人把门关上,这就行了。 2 Those days are over. In rural areas as well as in cities, doors do not stay unlocked, even for part of an evening. 那样的日子已经一去不复返了。在乡下,在城里,门不再关着不锁上,哪怕是傍晚一段时间也不例外。 3 Suburbs and country areas are, in many ways, even more vulnerable than well-patroled urban streets. Statistics show the crime rate rising more dramatically in those allegedly tranquil areas than in cities. At any rate, the era of leaving the front door on the latch is over. 在许多方面,郊区和农村甚至比巡查严密的城市街道更易受到攻击。统计显示,那些据称是安宁的地区的犯罪率上升得比城镇更为显著。不管怎么说,前门虚掩不落锁的时代是一去不复返了。 4 It has been replaced by dead-bolt locks, security chains, electronic alarm systems and trip wires hooked up to a police station or private guard firm. Many suburban families have sliding glass doors on their patios, with steel bars elegantly built in so no one can pry the doors open. 取而代之的是防盗锁、防护链、电子报警系统,以及连接警署或私人保安公司的报警装置。郊区的许多人家在露台上安装了玻璃滑门,侧有装得很讲究的钢条,这样就没人能把门撬开。 5 It is not uncommon, in the most pleasant of homes, to see pasted on the windows small notices announcing that the premises are under surveillance by this security force or that guard company. 在最温馨的居家,也常常看得到窗上贴着小小的告示,称本宅由某家安全机构或某个保安公司负责监管。

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