2019版高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材重点全程攻略Unit5Meetingyourancestors限时规范特训新人教版选修8

Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

[2016·四川高考]In the depths of the French Guianese rainforest, there still remain unusual groups of indigenous (土著的) people. Surprisingly, these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs. And yet, people in this area are in fact French citizens because it has been a colony (殖民地) of the French Republic since 1946. In theory, they should live by the French law. However, their remote locations mean that the French law is often ignored or unknown, thus making them into an interesting area of “lawlessness” in the world.

The lives of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the efforts of a Frenchman from Paris called Gin. Gin spent five months in early 2015 exploring the most remote corners of this area, which sits on the edge of the Amazon rainforest, with half its population of only 250,000 living in its capital, Cayenne.

“I have a special love for the French Guianese people. I have worked there on and off for almost ten years，” says Gin. “I've been able to keep firm friendships with them. Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment. I don't see it as a lawless land. But rather I see it as an area of freedom.”

“I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touch ing upon the uncivilized life，” continues Gin. “I prefer to work in black and white, which allows me to show different specific worlds more clearly.”

His black－and－white pictures present a world almost lost in time. These pictures show people seemingly pushed into a world that they were unprepared for. These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self－supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic, which brings with it not only necessary state welfare, but also alcoholism, betrayal and even suicide.

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，题材为社会生活类。文章主要介绍了居住在法属圭亚那热带雨林深处的土著居民。由于居住地偏远，他们过着一种未开化的生活，但同时也受到了现代法国生活方式的影响。

1．Why does the author feel surprised about the indigenous people in French Guiana?

A．They seldom follow the French law.

B．They often ignore the Guianese law.

C．They are separated from the modern world.

D．They are both Guianese and French citizens.

答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，这些人主要按照他们自己的法律和社会习俗生活，很少遵守法国法律。故答案为A项。

2．Gin introduces the special world of the indigenous Guianese as________.

A．a tour guide B．a geographer

C．a film director D．a photographer

答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“a photographic record”可知，Gin 是以摄影师的身份来向人们介绍这些土著居民的。故答案为D项。

3．What is Gin's attitude towards the lives of the indigenous Guianese?

A．Cautious. B．Doubtful.

C．Uninterested. D．Appreciative.

答案：D 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句及最后两句的描述“我看到的不是一个目无法律的世界，而是一片自由的乐土。”可推断出，摄影师Gin很欣赏他们的生活方式。故选D 项。

4．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?

A．The modern French lifestyle.

B．The self－supporting hunting.

C．The uncivilized world.

D．The French Republic.

答案：A 指代判断题。根据画线词后的内容可知，随之而来的不仅有必要的社会福利，还有酗酒、背叛甚至是自杀，这些变化是与传统的自给自足的狩猎生活方式不同的现代的法国生活方式所导致的，故it应指“现代的法国生活方式”。故选A项。

B

In ancient Egypt, a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment. Modern businesses have been following his lead, with more tactics (策略)．

One tactic involves where to display the goods. For example, stores place fruits and vegetables in the first section. They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food later in their trip. In department stores, the women's shoe section is generally next to the women's cosmetics (化妆品) section: while the shop assistant is going back to find the right size shoe, bored customers are likely to wander over cosmetics they might want to try later.

Besides, businesses seek to appeal to customers' senses. Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping, so they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day. Music sells goods, too. Researchers in Britain found that when French music was played, sales of French wine went up.

When it comes to the selling of houses, businesses also use highly rewarding tactics. They find that customers make decision in the first few seconds upon walking in the door, and turn it into a business opportunity. A California builder designed the structure of its houses smartly. When entering the house, the customer would see

the Pacific Ocean through the windows, and then the pool through an open stairway leading to the lower level. The instant view of water on both levels helped sell these $10 million houses.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。你知道现在的商家是如何吸引顾客的吗？他们效仿古埃及店主的做法，通过对购物环境做一些改变及其他更多策略来吸引顾客。

5．Why do stores usually display fruits and vegetables in the first section?

A．To save customers' time.

B．To show they are high quality foods.

C．To help sell junk food.

D．To sell them at discount prices.

答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知，此举目的是为了能够使顾客在情绪高兴的情况下不知不觉选购一些垃圾食品。故选C项。

6．According to Paragraph 3, which of the following encourages customers to buy?

A．Opening the store early in the morning.

B．Displaying British wines next to French ones.

C．Inviting customers to play music.

D．Filling the store with the smell of fresh bread.

答案：D 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，烤面包的味道能促进顾客购物，因此他们让面包味充满着整个商店。故选D项。

7．What is the California builder's story intended to prove?

A．The house structure is a key factor customers consider.

B．The more costly the house is, the better it sells.

C．An ocean view is much to the customers' taste.

D．A good first impression increases sales.

答案：D 推理判断题。最后一段主要是说顾客在进门的头几秒钟就会作出是否购买的决定，由此可推知，良好的第一印象会有助于增加销量。故选D项。

8．What is the main purpose of the passage?

A．To explain how businesses turn people into their customers.

B．To introduce how businesses have grown from the past.

C．To report researches on customer behavior.

D．To show dishonest business practices.

答案：A 推理判断题。文章的第一段就点明了主题。本文主要介绍的是商家是通过哪些手段促使人们购物，从而把人们变成顾客的。故选A项。

Ⅱ.七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

[2018·成都诊断]Some people describe American society as a salad bowl while others think of it as a melting pot.

In a bowl of salad, all the ingredients are mixed together. __1__ Together,

however, the ingredients make up a unity. All the ingredients of a salad contribute to the finished product. They may be covered with the same dressing (调味酱), but the green vegetables, tomatoes and cooked corn can all be seen for what they are.

From this point of view, America is very much like a salad bowl where individual ethnic groups mix together, yet maintain their cultural uniqueness. People may work together during the day at similar jobs and in the same companies, but at night they may return to their ethnic groups where their own individual culture directs their way of life.

__2__ Each ethnic group has its own special customs, language, food and traditions to protect and defend. This idea of the salad bowl is referred to as cultural diversity; that is, American society is a collection of various cultures living together in harmony within one country.

__3__ Here, society is like one large pot of soup. All cultural aspects are mixed together, sacrificing their original identity and keeping a bit of what they were to become a new reality. The longer the soup is cooked, the better the taste and the more likely it will be for the mixture to dissolve. In this sense, America can surely be seen as a melting pot where people from all over the world come to live and work together forming one nation. There are dozens of shared symbols. __4__ In such a culture, symbols like the flag and the nation's official song serve to break down the walls which separate ethnic groups.

Whether a salad bowl or a melting pot, America can be best described as a mixture of both. __5__

A．Both are correct depending on one's point of view.

B．They never lose their shapes, colors or tastes.

C．This is why there is so much diversity within America.

D．In other words, America is a nation where there is unity in diversity.

E．Thus, one needs to abandon one's culture to be consid-ered “American”．F．They serve to develop the various ethnic groups to create a new American culture.

G．The other theory, which is also used to describe American society, is the melting pot.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章用沙拉碗以及大熔炉作比喻，形象地说明了美国社会的特点和特质。

1．B 根据上下文可知在沙拉碗里，各种沙拉的成分混合在一起，但它们还都保持各自的形状，颜色及口味，所以答案是B。

2．C 根据上下文可知，这就是为什么在美国有如此多样性的原因，每一个民族都有自己的语言及风俗习惯等，C项起到了过渡句的作用，承上启下，所以答案是C。

3．G 下文主要讲述了美国社会被称为大熔炉的原因，所以答案是G。

4．F 根据上下文可知，来自世界不同地方的人来美国定居、工作，他们融合在一起创

造出一种新的美国文化，所以答案是F。

5．D 根据上文可知，美国是沙拉碗还是大熔炉，美国最好可以被称为两者的混合物。也就是说，美国是一个具有多样性统一的国家，所以答案是D。

Ⅲ.语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

[2018·安徽蚌埠一模]In recent years, Internet voting has become increasingly __1__(popularity) in China. People not only cast online votes__2__(them), but also urge others to vote for__3__(compe te) like “the Most Beautiful Teacher” and “the Cutest Baby”．

Lin Yue, a high school student, is invited to vote in “the Best Police Officer”，__4__(organize) by the local government to let the public have __5__better understanding of police officers' daily work. Lin Yue visits the website and reads all the stories. He is__6__(deep) moved by their glorious deeds. He is already thinking of becoming a policeman himself in the future.

Wu Hua__7__(invite) by his uncle to vote for his cousin in the “Future Singer”. He has received three similar invitations so far. His uncle tells him__8__if his cousin wins it, the family will win an overseas tour__9__free. Wu Hua likes his cousin very much, __10__he finds other singers perform even better. To vote, or not to vote? This is a question that troubles him very much.

1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________

5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________

9．________ 10.________

篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。近年来网上投票在中国变得越来越流行。人们不仅亲自在网上投票，也要求其他人为一些比赛投票。有时候这样的投票可以带来好处，但有时候会让人陷入一种两难的境地。

1．popular 考查词性转换。句意：近年来，网上投票在中国变得越来越流行。设空处位于系动词become之后，应用形容词作表语。故填popular。

2．themselves 考查反身代词。句意：人们不仅自己在网上投票，也要求其他人为一些比如“最美教师”或“最可爱宝宝”之类的比赛投票。根据句意可知，此处指“他们亲自……”用来强调people这一复数主语，应用反身代词。故填themselves。

3．competitions 考查词性转换。由空格后的举例可知，设空处为名词，且指不止一次比赛，因此用名词复数形式。故填competitions。

4．organized 考查非谓语动词。organize和句子谓语is invited之间没有连词，故设空处为非谓语动词，且设空处和“the Best Police Officer”之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。故填过去分词形式organized作定语。

5．a 考查冠词。have a better understanding of ... 为固定搭配，意为“更好地了解……”。

6．deeply 考查词性转换。句意：他被他们的光荣事迹深深地打动了。设空处修饰moved，应用副词，且从概念上表示的是抽象意义的“深”。故填deeply。

7．is invited 考查动词的时态和语态。根据下文时态为一般现在时可知，此处应用一般现在时；且invite与句子主语构成被动关系，应用被动语态。故填is invited。

8．that 考查宾语从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知，空格引导的从句作tells的宾语，为宾语从句，而且从句中不缺成分和语义。故填that。

9．for 考查固定搭配。由上下文语境可判断此处指赢得比赛就可以免费出国旅游。for free为固定搭配，意为“免费”。

10．but 考查连词。句意：吴华非常喜欢他的表哥，但是他发现其他歌手表现得更好。根据句意可知，前后两个分句的意思存在转折关系。故填but。

Ⅳ.书面表达

假定你是中国高中生李华，今年暑假期间将去英国Clifton High School学习两周，并将寄宿在英国学生杰克家中。请给杰克写一封邮件，向他介绍自己，并询问在英国以下三个方面的情况：

1．住宿；

2．饮食；

3．交通。

注意：1.词数 100 左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Jack,

Yours，

Li Hua [标准范文]

Dear_Jack，

Greetings from China! I am Li Hua, a high school student in China and will study in Clifton High School for two weeks during the summer vacation. I am excited to learn that your family would be my host family. I'd like to know more about my stay there in Britain.

First, am I going to have my own room or share one with you? And it would be great if I can have access to the Internet. In spite of my interest in British food, I'm wondering if I could cook some simple Chinese dishes just in case I'm not used to it. Besides, I'd like to know if there's a school bus between your home and the school.

Looking forward to your reply.

Yours，

Li_Hua

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选择题部分(共65分) 第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分) 第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 ( )1.The time Dr.Wang has devoted ________ the disabled in the past five years is now considered ________ of great value. A．helping; being B．helps; to be C．to helping; to be D．to helping; being ( )2.I believe that only the knowledge that can help us ________ real-life problems is worth gaining. A．give out B．work out C．put out D．pick out ( )3.________ good amount of sleep every night is important for your body to prepare you for ________ day to e. A．A; a B．A; the C．The; the D．The; a ( )4.Mother always tells me not to ________ anyone, even if he is not well educated. A．look out for B．look down upon C．look back on D．look forward to ( )5.—Who is expected to be ________ charge of this project? —Mr White, a person who is hard ________ workers. A．on; to B．under; to C．on; in D．in; on ( )6.Mary would never do anything that was not ________ of by her parents in order to make them happy. A．consisted B．allowed C．approved D．informed ( )7.—I reminded you not to forget the appointment. —________. A．So you did B．So I do C．So did you D．So do I ( )8.In the afternoon, the club offers a wide choice of activities, ________ chess and cards. A．including B．included C．containing D．contained ( )9.I'm busy! I don't have the ________ to hear such an empty talk! A．behavior B．guidance C．freedom D．patience ( )10.—I suppose you haven't finished that report yet. —I finished it yesterday, ________. A．in this way B．as far as I know

2019届高三英语总复习测试卷五

2019届高三英语总复习测试卷五 一、阅读理解。 A【江西省新余市第一中学2019届高三下学期全真模拟】 The best bikes for the beginners When it comes to purchasing your first bike, the choice is endless, making it tough to know what to go for. Here are the best buys on the market right now. Boardman CX Comp This is a cross-country bike, and it’s so versatile（多用途的）that you can handle any terrain（地势）on it, making it a great choice for those wanting to try various cycling subjects. If you leave on the thick tires it comes with, it can ride on various paths and can even handle some less demanding mountain bike routes. Alternatively, put on thin, slick tires and treat it as a road bike. It has basket and comes with Shimano Sora gears, which are outstanding for its price. &650, Halfords Planet X RT-58 v2 Planet C is based in Yorkshire, which means you’d probably have to buy this bike without seeing it. But it’s worth it, because this is an excellent machine at a lower price. Planet X is a highly rated manufacture and this model comes with Shimano Sora gears. &439, Planet X Specialized Allez ES Specialized is one of the biggest and most popular brands in cycling, and this is its hugely popular primary road bike. It comes with solid components from front to back and you’ll look great out on the road. &575, Evans Cycles Boardman Road Team Carbon If you can push budget further still, this bike is worth the extra investment. The frame is made entirely from carbon, which is lighter, faster and more comfortable than the composition metal models above and gives you an all-round more enjoyable ride. It also means that if you get really serious about cycling, you don’t have to upgrade as quickly as you would with a cheaper bike. &800, Halfords 1. Compared with other bikes, what is the strength of the Boardman CX Comp? A. Its outstanding price B. Its Shimano Sora gears C. Dealing with any terrain D. Putting on very firm tires 2. Which is suitable for you if you want to buy at an economical price but with Shimano Sora gears? A. Planet X RT-58 v2 B. Specialized Allez ES C. Boardman CX Comp D. Boardman Road Team Carbon 3. What can we know about the bikes mentioned in the text? A. The second has sold out so fast. B. You should be careful when riding the third. C. The forth is very expensive but with special material. D. You can only ride the first on the mountainous road. B【广东省佛山市南海区南海中学2019届高三考前七校联合体高考冲刺交流】 Generally speaking, government regulations normally ban anything from smoking in public places to parking in certain zones. But officials in the Brazilian town of Biritiba Mirim, 70km (45miles) east of Sao Paulo,have gone far beyond that. They plan to prohibit residents from dying early because the local cemetery(墓地) has reached full capacity. There’s no more room to bury the dead, they can’t be cr emated(火化) and laws forbid a new cemetery. So the mayor has proposed a strange solution: outlaw death. Mayor Roberto Pereira says the bill is meant as a protest against federal regulations that prohibit new or expanded cemeteries in preservation areas. “They have not taken local demands into consideration”, he claims. A 2019 decree(法令) by Brazil’s National Environment Council forbids burial grounds in protected areas. Mr. Pereira wants to build a new cemetery, but the project has been stopped because 98% of Biritiba Mirim is considered as a preservation area. Biritiba Mirim, a town of 28,000 inhabitants, not only wants to prohibit residents from passing away. The bill also calls on people to take care of their health in order to avoid death. “I haven’t got a job, nor am I healthy. And now they say I can’t die. That’s ridiculous,” Amarido do Prado, an unemployed resident said. The city council is expected to vote on the regulation next week. “Of course the bill is laughable, illegal, and will never be approved,” said Gilson Soares de Campos, an assistant of the mayor. “But can you think of a better resolution to persuade the government to change the environmental decree that is prohibiting us from building a new cemetery?” The bill states that “offenders will b e held responsible for their acts.” However, it does not say what the punishment will be. 4. What is the bill to be proposed by the officials in Biritiba Mirim? A. Ban on building a new cemetery. B. Ban on parking in certain zones. C. Forbidding buried grounds in preservation. D. Prohibiting residents from dying early. 5. What can we infer from the phrase “have gone far beyond that” in the first paragraph? A. The officials in Biritiba Mirim have made these regulations. B. The officials in Biritiba Mirim have been to many places around the world. C. The bill to be proposed by officials in Biritiba Mirim is much too unexpected. D. The officials in Biritiba Mirim have built too many cemeteries in their town. 6. What’s the attitude of the mayor of Biritiba Mirim towards the federal regulations? A. He gives strong backing to them. B. He objects to them. C. He remains silent about them. D. He asks the residents for advice on them. 7. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?