初中英语讲义(教案)： 初三 Unit4 What would you do？重点知识讲解和练习
Unit4 What would you do？
一、导入
二、知识点回顾
1、基本短语
1. ____________________ 被允许干… allow sb to do sth 允许某人干…
2.____________________= sixteen-year-old boys and girls 16岁的孩子
3. ____________________ 兼职工作
4. ____________________ 驾照
5. ____________________ 在周末
6. ____________________ 在那个年龄段
7. ____________________ 在上学期间的
每个晚上
8. ____________________ 熬夜
9. ____________ (相当与及物动词) 清扫
10. ____________________ 考试不及格
11. ____________________ 参加考试
12. ____________________ 前几天
13. ____________________ 我所有的同学
14. ____________________ 全神贯注于...
15. ____________________ 对…有益
16. ____________________ 成群的,按组的
17. ____________________ 吵闹(系表结构) 18. ____________________ 向某人学习
19. ____________________ 目前,现在
20. ____________________ 有做…的机会
21.____________________ 英英词典
22. ____________________ 至少
23. __________________ 每晚8小时的睡眠
24. ____________________ 敬老院
25. ____________________ 花费时间干…
26. ____________________ 小学
27. ____________________ 放假,休息
28. _________________ 回答,答复
29. ____________________ 妨碍...
30. ____________________ 职业运动员
31. ____________________ 实现梦想
32. ____________________ 思考,考虑
33. ____________________ 最后,终于
34. ________________ 对 ...是严肃认真的
35. ________________ 关心,担心,在乎
36. ________________ 同意
三、（1）专题讲解
☆专题1：重点词汇、短语1、基本短语
1、give it to charity 把它捐给慈善机构
2、medical research 医学研究
3、What if …… 如果…怎么样？
4、get nervous 紧张
5、take a big exam 参加大考
6、help with 有助于
7、in public 在公共场合
8、hardly ever 几乎不
9、the whole school 全校
10、without permission 为经许可
11、be(make) friends with 与…交朋友
12、ask one’s permission 请求××的允许
13、introduce…to… 把…介绍给…
14、invite…to do… 邀请…干…
15、social situations 社会环境
16、not…in the slightest 根本不，一点也不
17、right away 立刻，马上18、all day 全天
19、be friendly to 对…友好
20、at lunch time 在午饭时间
21、a bit shy 有点害羞
22、English speech contest 英语演讲比赛
23、represent the class 代表班级
24、come top 名列第一（前茅）
25、let…down 使…失望
26、come up with 提出、想出
27、be sure of + n./pron. 对...确定/肯定
28、the rest of the students 其余的学生
29、have（a lot of）experience (in) doing sth
30、deal with 对付，处理
31、come out 出版
32、give advice on… 在…方面提出意见、
建议
33、by accident 偶然地，无意之中
2、短语过关
1.担心
2.get pimples
3.take a long walk
4.too… to
5.发表演讲
6.请求许可
7.introduce oneself to sb 8.邀请某人做某事
9.borrow sth. from sb.
10.answer for questions
11.not… in the slightest
12.宁愿
13.宁愿做…，而不愿做…
14.提出，想出
15.与……相处 16.使……失望或沮丧 17.在做某事方面有经验 18.出版，发表 19.偶然
20.cold running water 21.in public 22.cover…with 23.the dangers of smoking 24.查明、发现
☆专题2：语法解析
3、重点词汇、短语、语法解析
1. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend +从句 假装… I pretended that I fell asleep.
2. be late for 迟到
如：I am late for work/ school/ class/ party. 3. ..hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿)
⑴当这些词与具体数字连用时，通常不加复数词尾-s, 也不接介词 of. 如：Two hundred students went there. 有两百学生去了那儿。
⑵当这些词不与具体数字连用，而是表示不确定的泛指数时，则不仅要加复数词尾-s, 而且要后接介词 of, 然后才能接名词。
如：Thousands of students entered the contest. 数千名学生参加了这次比赛。
Millions of people died in the war. 有数百万人在这次战争中丧生。
Exercises ：
① On that day two _______（million ）people were in our city. ②_____ trees were planted on the hill last year.
A millions
B million
C millions of
D million of ③ _____books are kept in our school library.
A Five million of
B Millions of
C Several million of
D Many millions 4. what if + 从句 “如果…怎么办 ， 要是… 又怎么样” 如： What if she doesn’t come? 要是她不来怎么办？
What if I were late tomorrow? 如果我明天迟到了怎么办？ 5. get nervous
变得紧张 (系动词后+形容词)
feel shy 觉得害羞look friendly 看起来友好
6. in public在公共场所如:
Don’t smoke in public. 请不要在公共场所吸烟。
7. energetic adj. 充满活力的She is an energetic girl. 她是一个充满活力的女孩。
energy n. 活力、能量She has lots of energies. 她有活力。
8. ask sb. to do sth. 叫…做某事
ask sb. not to do sth. 叫…不要做某事
tell sb. to do sth. 告诉…做某事
tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉…不要做某事
如：Teacher asked me to clean the classroom.
Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom.
9.introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人
如：I introduced Lily to Anna. 我把莉莉介绍给安娜。
10.invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事如：
Lily invited me to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭。
invite sb. to sp 邀请某人去某地
11.plenty of 充足的，相当多的。修饰可数或不可数名词，只能用于肯定句。否定、疑
问句中用enough.
如：They have plenty of food/ apples. 他们有许多的食物/苹果。
12.①give sb sth=give sth to sb
give an apple to me =give me an apple 给我一个苹果
类似的词还有:pass、lend、show、write、send等。
②buy sb sth=buy sth for sb；类似的词还有:make、draw、cook等。
13.would rather … than …（= would … rather than）宁愿，而不愿。
would rather do... than do... 宁愿做…而不愿做
前后连接两个动词原形，否定形式为：would rather not do … than do…
(注：than与形容词比较级无关，rather , than 既可分开用，也可合在一起用，译成“而不是”）
①would rather 常单独使用，表示“宁愿做…”
eg He would rather watch TV at home.
②rather than = instead of 而不是，连接两个并列成分，前后对称一致。
eg I decided to write rather than telephone.
I like going out with you rather than with him.
14. let sb. down让某人失望如：
Don’t let your mother down. 不要让你的妈妈失望。
15. come up with sth.提出、想出类似于think of.
如：He came up with a good idea. 他提出了一个好主意。
catch /come up with sb. 追上、赶上
如：Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉赶上了安娜。
16.have experience（in）doing在做某事上有经验
如：I have experience (teach) English. 我在教英语方面有经验。
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/484828156.html,e out出版，出来
如：The magazine comes out once a week. 这种杂志每周出一次。
18. by accident偶然地，无意之中如：
Last week I cut my finger by accident. 上个星期我不小心割到自己的手指。
19.more than 超过=over
I have more than 10 million dollars.
20. offer sb. sth.给某人提供某物
21.look for寻找（强调寻找的动作）
find 找到、发现（强调寻找的结果）
find out指经过观察、探索、调查等弄清楚、弄明白。
如：We must find out the truth of the matter.
I looked for my pen.At last I found it in my bag.
22. give a speech做演讲have a speech听演讲
give a report 做报告have a report 听报告
23.not……in the sligh test = not……at all根本不
They don't like the song in the slightest.
24.get along (with)= get on (with)
①进行，进展
eg The business is getting along very well. 生意进展的很顺利。
How are you getting along with your English study? 你的英语学习进展的怎么样了？
②相处
get along/on (well) with sb.与…相处(融洽) 如：
eg Do you get along with your boss? 你跟老板合得来吗？
I’m getting along very well with my classmates. 我和同学们相处得很好。
25.help sb. (to) do sth.
help (sb.) with sth.
如：That should help you relax. 那会有助于你放松.
with the help of sb.=with one’s help 在某人的帮助下
without one’s help 没有某人的帮助
26.be confident of (doing) sth.对……有信心,确信
He is confident of success. 他确信必能成功。
He is confident of ______(study) math.他对学习数学有信心.
be confident +that从句对……有信心
We are confident that our good wishes will come true. 我们相信我们的愿望会实现.
I’m confident that I can/will get the job.
= I’m confident of ______ (get) the job.
27. be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事
I'm afraid ________ (have) a test. 我很害怕考试.
28.start doing sth.= start to do sth. 开始做某事如：
He started speaking / to speak. 他开始说话。
29. borrow sth. from sb.从某人那里借来某物如：
I borrowed a book from Lily. 我从莉莉那里借来一本书.
lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb.把某物借给某人
Lily lent me a book.=Lily _________________________ .莉莉借给我一本书. 30.without (one’s) permission未经允许
permission 常与物主代词和名词所有格连用
with one’s permission 经某人允许(在某人许可的情况下)
31. wait for sb.等候某人
wait for sb. to do sth. 等待某人做某事
eg: Let’s wait here for the rain to stop.
Would you please wait for me ______ (get) ready?
32. believe sb.相信某人
believe in sb.信任某人
I believe him．（=I believe what he says）我相信他（的话）。
I believe in him．我信任他.(即:相信他是一个信得过的人)
33.the rest of the students其余的学生
常用搭配: the rest of the +可数名词复数/ 不可数名词
the rest作主语时,谓语动词要随着名词变化:
eg: The rest of the eggs have gone bad.剩下的鸡蛋都变坏了.
①This letter is for me, the rest of the letters_____(be)for you.
②The rest of the money ______(be)mine.
34. cover …with…用…把….盖起来/包起来
如: Don’t cover his face with the book.
35.cold running water流动的凉水
36. offer sb. sth. =offer sth. to sb.给某人提供某物
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
eg: He offered ________(lend) me a few books.
37. refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事
eg: They refused ________(help) me.
38. agree to do sth.赞同做某事
39. ask sb. for advice向某人寻求建议
advice 不可数（some advice 一些建议；a piece of advice 一条建议）
40. be helpful to sb.对某人有帮助/有用
4．语法
if 引导的条件状语从句分为真实性和非真实性条件句
if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句。即：虚拟语气
1、词的语气：指说话人说话的口气。语气除了指语调以外，最主要的是通过动词发生变化而表示不同语气。
英语中的语气分为三类：
陈述语气（用于陈述句、疑问句、感叹句）
祈使语气（用于祈使句）
虚拟语气（用于条件状语从句、宾语从句等）。
2、虚拟语气表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、建议或是一种实现不了的空想，就用虚拟语气。
3、虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法
A.真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句
Eg:If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真实条件状语) “主将从现”
If I were you, I would go at once.（非真实条件状语从句）
If there were no air, people would die.（非真实条件状语从句）
B.虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法及动词形式
在虚拟语气中，句子动词的时态比真实条件句中的时态后退一步
即：
现在时→过去时(该用现在时，则用过去时)
过去时→过去完成时(该用过去时时，用过去完成时)
将来时→过去将来时(该用将来时时，用过去将来时)
在这一单元中，只要求学习表示与现在事实相反的情况下如何体现虚拟语气。
①表示与现在事实相反的情况
eg：1、If I were you, I’d take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）
2、If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.
如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道）
3、If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.
如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)
4、If I had any money with me, I could lend you some.
如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。（事实：没带钱）
5、If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.
如果他在努力些，就能通过考试了。（事实：学习不用功）
Exercises:
① If she_______ (be) here, She __________( may ，agree) with you.
②If I _______(be) rich, I __________(travel)around the world.
③ If he _______(study) harder, he__________( pass) the exam.
④If I ________(win) a million dollars in the lottery, I ________(put)it in the bank.
⑤ If he________(know) that, he would tell you.
⑥What would happen if there ______(be)no water on the earth?
（2）变式练习
一．单项选择
1.________ girls took part in the Happy Girl Competition but only few of them succeeded.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/484828156.html,lion of
B.Many million of
C.One million of
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/484828156.html,lions of
2.________ we don't have money with us?
A.What about
B.What if
C.No matter what
D.If
3. ---I'm going to Larry's party.But I don't know what to wear.
---If I _________you,I _________ wear a dress.
A.am;will
B.were;will
C.were;would
D.am;would
4.If it _________ tomorrow,we _________ for a picnic.
A.didn't rain;would go
B.doesn't rain;will go
C.didn't rain;will go
D.doesn't rain;would go
5.Are you confident _________ your future?
A.of
B.to
C.in
D.by
6.Let's_________.
A.introduce yourself
B.introduce you my friend Li Lei
C.introduce my friend Li Lei to you
D.introduce my friend Li Lei for you
7.I'm sorry to trouble you,Mr.Green.
A.brother
B.bother
C.frustrate
8.Don't rush,there is _________ time left,boys and girls!
A.lot of
B.much of
C.plenty of
D.many of
9.They would rather _________ colours like orange or yellow than blue or white.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/484828156.html,e
B.to use
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/484828156.html,ing
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/484828156.html,es
10.The earth circles the sun.
A.checks
B.moves round
C.watches
D.gets round
11.You won't _________ me _________ ,will you?
A.keep;down
B.let;down
C.turn;down
D.cut;down
12.Can you think of any good place to spend our holiday?
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B.think over
C.keep up with
13.Work hard,or you will fall behind others.
A.not think of
B.not be over
C.not come up with
14.My daughter is very shy.When she meets a stranger,she doesn't know _________.
A.what to say or do
B.how to say or do
C.what to say and do
D.how to say and do
四、巩固练习
一、根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 这件事一点也没有打扰他。It didn’t __________ him ________ ________ ______
2. 你不会让我失望对吗？You ________ ________ _______ ________, will you?
3 你不应该在未经允许的情况下拿父母的钱
You should not take your parents’ money _________ ____________.
4 他的新书下月出版His new book will ________ _________ next month.
5.我宁愿呆在家里，也不愿出去。
I ________ ________stay at home ________go out.
6. What would you do if you ______________________( 有一百万美元)
7. He doesn’t know ______________________(穿什么衣服)
8. I’d wait for him ________________________(介绍他自己给我)
9.People say that you are _____________________________(容易相处)
二、选择填空
( )1._____his bike is lost?He has to go to school on foot.
A. What if
B. How about
C. Can you tell me.
D.I don’t kno w ( )2. He ______his classmates.
A. get along well with
B. get well with
C. is getting along well with
D. is get well with ( )3. Take a shower before _____to bed, please.
A. go B . going C. went . D. goes
( )4. I would rather die than ______.
A. to give in
B. gave in
C. giving in
D. give in ( )5. If you take my _____,you won’t tell anyone about it.
A. the advice
B. advice
C. an advice
D. advices ( )6.--Your wife is unhappy. Who ___her___？--Maybe her sister, Ms Liu?
A. takes ，down
B. looks ，up
C. puts ，up
D. lets ，down ( )7. At the class meeting, all the students _____ a lot of useful advice to help each other.
A. came up with
B. came out
C. stayed up
D. came up ( )8. Did you know ____in the past?
A. which subject did Ted like best
B. which subject Ted likes best
C. which subject Ted liked best
D. which subject does Ted liked best
( )9. He fell off his bike, but luckily he was .
A.badly hurt
B.not badly hurt
C.hurt badly
D.not bad hurt
五、拓展训练
一、单选题
( )1.We were worrying about you. You shoul dn’t leave us_____ telling us.
A. with
B. without
C. instead
D. but
( )2. ____ people around the world are watching the football match on TV.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/484828156.html,lion
B. Millions
C. Million of
D. Millions of ( )3. I don't know to do next.
A. what
B. how
C.why D .when
( )4.I am you trash.
A.wait , take out
B.wait for , to take out
C.waiting for , take out
D.waiting for , to take out
( )5. The rest of the students ____ not allowed to leave the classroom at that time.
A. are
B. have
C. was
D. were ( )6. You can get ________ advice if you are with them.
A. many
B. a few
C. plenty of
D. lot of ( ) 7. A popular book named “Harry Potter” __________ last month.
A. came out
B. came in
C. came from
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/484828156.html,e down
( ) 8.If a friend said something bad ______ you, what would you do?
A. about
B. on
C. for
D. to
二、用所给中文意思写单词(一空一词)
1. He is doing some movie (研究).
2. Jam will have a ( 医学的) exam tomorrow.
3.We all hate the man (在楼下).
4.Sometimes it’s necessary to (拒绝) others’ invitations.
5.Why is cold running water (有帮助的) to (治疗)a small burn.
6. What would she do if she cut (她自己)by (意外的事).
7. Do you think you are (有活力的)?
8.What would you do if your leg (疼痛) for more than a few days.
9.He has a large (圈子) of good friends.
10.Your answers are not ( 正确的).
11. He is always afraid to speak in (公众).
12.He hurried to school without __________ (吃) （药）.
13.There are (充足)of (架子)to be chosen.
14.You should keep your (膝盖)warm in winter, or you’ll feel uncomfortable when you are old.
15.When someone (提供)you cigarettes, you should know smoking is dangerous.
当堂过手训练
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Zhang Liangying is a very popular girl. She has millions of (listen)
2.You can’t go out of the school without Mr Wang’s . (permit)
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/484828156.html,st year, the company won nine (million) dollars.
4.If I _______ (fail) the exam, my parent would not take me to KFC.
5.If you are ( friend )to Tom than before , you’ll make ( friend)with him.
6.I don’t know if he (come) here tomorrow, if he (come)here tomorrow ,he will call me.
7. She is very (knowledge) about music.
8. Then put the (burn )area under cold running water.
9. Martin is a famous doctor who has a lot of experience (deal)with teenagers.
10.What would you do if you (fall) off the bike while (ride)it.
11.The rest of the meat (be)kept in the fridge now.
二、选出可以替换划线部分的词
1）Mike doesn’t like science ,he thinks it is less interesting than English .
A) as…as B) so…as C) not so…as D) not very…as
2) ----Would you like a cup of tea ?
----Sorry ,I’ll have a glass of water rather than tea .
A) would than B) instead of C) would rather D) instead
3）There is much rain in the south in summer .
A) many B) not a few C) plenty of D ) not a bit
4)----Do you like milk ? -----No ,I don’t like it at all .
A) don’t…in the slightest B) don’t…a little C) ×…very much D) ×…a bit