新视野大学英语第六册单词(注释+例句)
大学英语——6单词
1
U1-A The Pursuit of Happiness
pursuit
n. [U] the process of trying to achieve sth.; the act of chasing sb. or sth. in order to catch them
追求，寻求；追赶，追捕
The pursuit of higher education becomes common in China. 追求高等教育在中国越来越成为常见现象。 A dog was in hot pursuit of a rabbit. 一条狗正追赶一只兔子。
conceive
vt. form an idea of; think of; imagine 构想出；想出；设想
Scientists first conceived the idea of atomic bomb in the 1930s. 20世纪30年代科学家们初次设想原子弹的计划。 I can't conceive why you told our plan to him. 我想不出你为什么把我们的计划告诉他。
idiot
n. [C] a foolish or stupid person 白痴，傻子
No one was born an idiot here. 这里谁也不是天生的傻瓜。
He is such an idiot that he couldn't count up his fingers. 他傻得手指都数不过来。
dedicate
vt. (to) commit (oneself) to a particular course of thought or action; devote 奉献；献身于，致力于
We dedicated ourselves to starting our own business. 我们开始专心经营自己的生意。
He dedicated his first book to his mother. 他把第一本书献给母亲。
addict
vt. （与to 或oneself to 连用）devote or give (oneself) habitually or compulsively to 使沉溺；使入迷
He is addicted to rock music. 他对摇滚乐很入迷。
The children are addicted to computer games. 孩子们玩电脑游戏上了瘾。
patriotic
a. feeling a lot of love, respect, and duty towards one's country 爱国的，有爱国热情的
Sun Yat-sen gained a lot of support from patriotic overseas Chinese. 孙中山得到爱国华侨的大力支持。
People in the parade sung patriotic songs. 游行的人唱着爱国歌曲。
cater
v. 1.(to, for) try to satisfy the wants or needs of 迎合；投合
This restaurant always caters to the needs of the customers. 这家饭店总是迎合顾客的需求。
The policy caters to various special interest groups. 该政策兼顾了各种特殊利益群体。 2. provide food and services 提供食物及服务
His company caters for banquets and weddings. 他的公司为宴会和婚礼提供食品服务。
BBC Light Programme caters for the masses. 英国广播公司的轻松节目为大众提供娱乐。
slogan
n. [C] a short phrase expressing a political or advertising message 标语，口号
All the slogans are coined out of the ideals of the peoples. 所有的口号都是根据人民的理想而创造出来的。 Actions are more important than slogans. 行动胜于口号。
tablet
n. [C] a small hard round piece of medicine to be taken orally 药片
He needs a sleeping tablet every evening. 他每晚需要一片安眠药。 two tablets of aspirin 两片阿斯匹林
thigh
n. [C] the top part of the human leg between the hip and the knee 大腿
I felt pain in my thigh after the long run. 长跑之后我感到大腿疼。
Tom will not be able to take part in the match because of his torn thigh muscle. 汤姆因为大腿肌肉拉伤，不能参赛。
perpetual
a. lasting for ever or for a long time 永远的，永久的
When you buy a house on a land of state-ownership ，you get a perpetual lease. 如果你在国有土地上买房子, 你就得到了永久的租地权。 Love is a perpetual theme of literature. 爱情是文学的永恒主题。
perplex
vt. make sb. feel confused and worried by being difficult to understand or answer 使困惑；使费解；使复杂化 His question perplexed me. 他的问题把我弄糊涂了。 Don't perplex the problem. 不要使问题复杂化。
perplexing
a. confusing; complicated 令人困惑的；费解的；复杂的
This is indeed a perplexing problem. 这确实是一个费解的难题。 a perplexing situation 一个复杂的局面
proposition
n. 1. [C] a matter to be dealt with; a problem or task 要处理的事；问题；任务
Tunnelling under the English Channel is a big proposition. 在英吉利海峡海底开隧道是一个大问题。
Her attempt to stage a comeback is no easy proposition. 她试图东山再起，那可不是件轻而易举的事。
2. [C] an unproved statement in which an opinion or judgment is expressed 主张，看法，陈述
His proposition needs proving. 他的说法有待证实。
I appreciate my wife very much for her proposition. 我非常欣赏我妻子的提议。
superiority
n. 1. [U] (over) the fact that one person or thing is better than another 优势，优越，优胜
Our team has an obvious superiority over the other team. 我们队比另一个队有明显的优势。
The resources are the superiority for the development of west China. 这些资源对于开发中国西部来说是一种优势。
2. [U] a way of thinking oneself better than others 傲慢；优越感
He is from a wealthy family and has a sense of superiority. 他出生于富贵之家，有一种优越感。 an attitude of superiority 傲慢的态度
mansion
n. [C] a large house, usu. belonging to a wealthy person 宅第；大厦
He owned a mansion in the center of the city. 他在市中心拥有一座宅第。
The municipal government mansion is impressive and serious. 市府大厦雄伟庄重。
marble
n. [C] a hard smooth stone, usu. white with dark lines that are not regular in shape, used for building or making statues 大理石
a marble floor 大理石地面
a marble statue 大理石雕像
wardrobe
n. [C] a large piece of furniture where one can hang his or her clothes 衣柜，壁橱
There is a wardrobe in the corner of the room. 房间的角落放着一个衣柜。
outfit
n. [C] a set of clothes that are worn together 套服
The park staff member is wearing an outfit similar to that worn by the construction workers.
这个公园的职工身着类似于建筑工人穿的工作服。 The outfit of the sugar mill is a white gown. 糖厂的工作服是白大褂。
contemplate
v. think (about) carefully and at length; meditate on or ponder 考虑；思忖，思考
She is contemplating a visit to London. 她在打算去伦敦观光。
No one should ever contemplate suicide. 任何人都不应考虑自杀。
trivial
a. of little significance or value 琐碎的，不重要的；没有价值的
Don't trouble him with such trivial things. 这样的小事不要麻烦他。
Fire prevention is not trivial at all. 防火非小事。
installment(BrE instalment)
n. [C] one of a number of successive payments in settlement of a debt （分期付款中）每一期摊付的款项
Bank of China offers installment payment service for car buyers. 中国银行向汽车购买者提供分期付款业务。 I'll save that for the next installment. 我将省下钱来付下一次的分期付款。
prestige
n. [C] the high reputation and respect that sb. or sth. has earned 威信，声望
He is a professor of prestige in the field of space science. 他是空间科学界声望很高的教授。
This non-state construction group enjoys great prestige both at home and abroad. 这个非国营的建筑团体在国内外享有很高的声誉。
Orient
n. (the ~) the countries of Asia, esp. of eastern Asia 亚洲国家（特别是东亚各国）
perfumes and spices from the Orient 东方的香水和香料
political theory in the West and in the Orient 东方和西方的政治理论
temperament
n. [C, U] a person's nature or basic character, esp. as it influences how they think or behave
气质，性情，禀性
a girl of artistic temperament 带有艺术家气质的女孩
The two brothers have entirely different temperaments. 这两兄弟的性情完全不同。
petty
a. of very little importance; trivial 不重要的；琐碎的
petty details
琐碎细节
This is only a petty fault.
这只是个小错误。
mortal
a. 1. causing death; fatal
致死的；致命的
a mortal wound
致命伤
His injuries proved mortal.
他的伤成了致命伤。
2. that will die, not living for ever
终有一死的
All human beings are mortal.
人总有一死。
diversion
n. [C] an activity that people do for fun
消遣，娱乐
Big cities have many cinemas and other diversions.
大城市有很多影院和其他娱乐活动。
Swimming and billiards are my favorite diversions.
游泳和台球是我最喜欢的消遣活动。
mint
vt. 1. produce (coins，etc.) by stamping metal
铸造（硬币）
mint coins of 50 p
铸造50便士的硬币
2. invent (a word or phrase, etc.)
创造（新词语等）
This phrase was minted for that occasion.
这个短语是专门为那个场合创造的。
I have just minted a new word.
我刚造了一个新词。
oriental
a. of or relating to the countries of the Orient or their peoples or cultures; eastern 东方国家、人民或文化的
oriental civilization
东方文明
Welcome to Oriental Garden Hotel.
欢迎来到东方花园旅馆。
patriot
n. [C] one who loves, supports, and defends one's country
爱国者
A true patriot is one who is ready to sacrifice his own interests for the benefit of his country.
一个真正的爱国者宁可为了祖国牺牲自己的利益。
Bush proclaimed September 11 2002 Patriot Day.
布什宣布2002年9月11日为爱国者日。
foresee
v. see or know (sth.) beforehand
预知，预见，预料
Analysts foresee tumult in the stock market.
分析家们预见证券市场会出现混乱。
We can foresee that these systems will start replacing the old software.
我们可以预见这些系统将开始取代旧软件。
cardinal
a. most important; chief
基本的，重要的
The cardinal symptom of SARS is fever and hard breathing.
非典主要症状是发烧和呼吸困难。
These findings help determine cardinal directions in archaeology.
这些发现有助于确定考古学的主攻方向。
conceive of (sth.) as
think of (sth.) as; imagine (sth.) as
认为，想像为
We conceive of the meeting as a turning point of our business.
我们认为这次会议是我们业务的转折点。
He is conceived of as one of the best pop singers.
他被认为是最好的流行歌手之一。
in terms of
in relation to; with reference to
用……的话, 用……的措辞，在……方面
The work is not very profitable in terms of cash, but I can get valuable experience from it.
就收入而言这工作赚不了多少钱，但我可以从中学习有价值的经验。
We lead the industry in terms of product features.
在产品特色方面，我们在这个行业领先。
for that matter
so far as that is concerned; as for that
就此而言, 就那件事而论
For that matter，government fully supports Shanghai to host the world expo 2010. 就此而言，政府完全支持上海承办2010年世界博览会。
Priority will be given to the economic development for that matter.
为此，将优先考虑经济发展。
make it
succeed in a particular activity
成功，办成，做到
"I made it!" he exclaimed when he climbed to the top of the mountain.
"我成功了！"爬到山顶时他欢呼道。
He's never really made it as an actor.
他当演员从未有所成就。
run out of
use up; exhaust the supply of
用光；耗尽
I have run out of my ideas.
我已挖空了心思。
Enterprises will never run out of human resources in China.
中国的企业从来不会出现人力资源枯竭的情况。
free of
untroubled or unspoilt by; without (sb. or sth. unwanted); safe from
免于困扰或损害的；摆脱……的；不受……影响的
BBC TV programmes are free even of commercials.
BBC电视节目甚至不播放商业广告。
This database is free of charge to all web visitors.
这个资料库对所有的网络用户是免费的。
installment plan
a system of payment for goods by which one pays small sums of money regularly
after receiving the goods
分期付款购买法
We are buying a house on installment plan.
我们以分期付款的方式购买房子。
get a car on installment plan
通过分期付款购买汽车
US Constitution
美国宪法
Jonathan Swift
乔纳森·斯威夫特(1667 — 1745，英国作家，讽刺文学大师，主要作品有《格列佛游记》、《一只澡盆的故事》等)
India
印度
Thoreau
梭罗(1817—1862，美国作家，超验主义运动的代表人物，主张回归自然，代表作为《沃尔登或林中生活》，其《论公民的不服从》一文影响巨大)
U1-B Wild like the Weasel
weasel
n. [C] a small thin animal with brown fur, pointed face, short legs and a long tail that hunts its food
黄鼠狼
He saw a weasel leaping swiftly away from him.
他看到一只黄鼠狼瞬间从他的身边逃走。
It was a young weasel, only several inches long.
这是一只黄鼠狼幼仔，只有几英寸长。
cozy (BrE cosy)
a. warm and comfortable
舒适的，惬意的，温暖的
Take a short rest in your cozy home amid busy and hard life.
在忙碌和艰苦生活的日子里，别忘了在温馨的家中作短暂的休息。
I need a cozy space that can provide temporary refuge for me.
我需要一个能够为我提供临时庇护的舒适空间。
lounge
v. lie, sit or lean in a relaxed or lazy way
懒洋洋地躺、坐或靠
Some people were lounging against the wall.
一些人懒洋洋地靠在墙上。
She lounged on the rug.
她懒洋洋地躺在地毯上。
n. [C] a room or area in a house or a public waiting area in an airport where people can sit and relax
休息室，休息厅
He took a rest at the lounge of the airport.
他在机场的休息室休息了会儿。
the lounge of a hotel
旅馆的休息室
stalk
vt. pursue or hunt by following closely and quietly and staying hidden
潜步跟踪
The hunter stalked the lion.
猎人潜近狮子。
The loneliness always stalked him.
他总是摆脱不了内心的孤独。
vi. walk in a stiff and proud manner
大踏步走，高视阔步
She stalked out of the room.
她大踏步地走出房间。
He turned and stalked away.
他转过身，大步地走开了。
vein
n. [C]any of the tubes that carry blood from any part of the body to the heart
静脉
Royal blood runs in his veins.
他有王族血统。
overpass
n. [C] a road that crosses above another road like a bridge
立交桥，高架公路
How do individuals ensure their safety when going through an underpass or
overpass?
过地下通道和过街天桥时行人应该如何保证安全？
Wait for me under the overpass.
在立交桥下等我。
alternate
vi. occur in turn
交替，轮流
She alternated between happiness and depression.
她时而快乐，时而沮丧。
carve
vt. make or form (as if) by cutting
雕，刻；开辟出
Native artists carved small models for sale as souvenirs for tourists.
本地艺术家雕刻小的模型卖给游客做纪念品。
Carve the surface and brush the sand off, then a seal is ready.
雕刻表面，刷去粉末，然后一个图章就制成了。
stroll
vi. walk slowy or lazily, esp. for pleasure
散步，溜达
We used to stroll along the stream after supper.
以前我们常常在晚饭后沿着小河散步。
He often strolls around secondhand book markets.
他经常去逛旧书市场。
rejoice
vi. feel or show great joy
2
大学英语——6单词
3
高兴；欢喜
His mother rejoiced at his success. 母亲为他的成功感到高兴。
She rejoiced in meeting the challenge of her new job. 她为能接受新工作的考验感到高兴。
blossom
n. [C, U] a flower or cluster of flowers 花，花簇
I'll be with you in apple blossom time. 在苹果花盛开时，我将和你在一起。 a tree covered in blossoms 开满花的树
sprinkle
vt. scatter on or over 把……撒在……上
sprinkle water on a dusty path 在布满尘土的路上撒水
She sprinkled sugar on the sliced tomatoes. 她往切碎的西红柿上撒了糖。
pasture
n. [C, U] (a piece of) grassy land where farm animals feed (一块)牧场
China builds new pastures on Yellow River Delta. 中国在黄河三角洲新建牧场。
They now plan to develop pasture grasses with the same characteristics. 他们现在打算培育具有同样特点的牧草。
oak
n. [C] a large tree that can live for a long time and produces acorns as fruit 橡树
There is a big oak in the back yard. 后院有一棵橡树。 an ancient oak 一棵古老的橡树
tilt
v. (cause to) slope (使)倾斜，(使)翘起
The table tilted and the plates slid off to the floor. 桌子倾斜，盘子滑落到地上。 Tilt the barrel to empty it.
倾斜桶，把里面的东西倒出来。
intersection
n. [C] a place where roads, lines, etc. join or cross each other 十字路口，交叉点
Police regulated traffic at the intersection. 警察在十字路口指挥交通。
The intersection is just one block away. 十字路口只有一个街区远。
owl
n. [C] a large bird with a big head and eyes and a small sharp beak 猫头鹰
Owls feed on mice. 猫头鹰捕食老鼠。
coincidence
n. [C, U] (an instance of) the occurrence of two or more events at the same time which are similar or related 巧合，巧事
All these cases may be accidental coincidences. 所有这些案例可能是巧合。
How could that be a coincidence? 那怎么可能是偶然呢？
velvet
n. [U] cloth that is very soft on one side and smooth on the other 丝绒，天鹅绒
She drew up the velvet curtain. 她拉上了天鹅绒窗帘。 She wore blue velvet. 她穿着蓝色天鹅绒衣服。
sculpture
n. 1. [C, U] (a piece of) work of art that people make by shaping a substance such as stone, metal or wood （一件）雕刻或雕塑品
His sculptures are on exhibition. 他的雕塑品在展览。
This is indeed a delicate sculpture. 这真是一件精致的雕刻品。
2. [U] the art of making sculptures 雕塑（艺术），雕刻（艺术）
Paris is famous for its art of sculpture. 巴黎以其雕塑艺术而闻名。
The international sand sculpture contest will be held every year. 每年都将举办国际沙雕比赛。
bronze
n. [U] brownish hard metal made of copper and tin 青铜
Zhou dynasty was the golden period of the bronze making. 周朝是青铜制造的鼎盛时期。
The earliest bronze ware was produced in 3,000 B.C. 最早的青铜器造于公元前3,000年。
ivory
n. 1. [U] the hard white substance of which an elephant's tusks are made 象牙（质）
an ivory statuette 象牙制的小雕像
2. [U] the color of elephant's tusks; creamy white 象牙色，乳白色 an ivory skin 乳白色的皮肤
a carved fan woven by ivory strip. 一把由象牙片编制雕刻而成的扇子
deadly a. 1. aiming to kill or destroy 旨在杀死的；不共戴天的
They were once deadly enemies. 他们曾是不共戴天的敌人。 2. likely to cause death 致命的
Lack of constancy of purpose is a deadly disease in business. 在生意中缺乏一贯的目标是致命的弱点。 deadly weapons 致命武器
extinguish
vt. make (a light) stop shining, make (sth.) stop burning; put out 使……不再发光，使熄灭，扑灭
Smoking is forbidden. Please extinguish your cigarette. 禁止吸烟，请把烟灭掉。
One failure after another extinguished our hope. 接二连三的失败使我们的希望破灭了。
shatter
v. (cause sth. to) break suddenly and violently into small pieces (使)粉碎，(使)破碎
The pot shattered as it hit the floor. 罐子掉在地上摔碎了。
The windows were shattered into pieces. 窗户被震成碎片。
blink
v. shut and open the eyes quickly, usu. involuntarily 眨眼
The dazzling light made me blink. 耀眼的光使我直眨眼。
How long can you stare without blinking (your eyes)? 不眨眼你能瞪多久？
retrieve
vt. find and bring back; regain 找回，取回；重新获得
The system would retrieve any document you want it to. 这个系统将找回你想让它找的任何文件。
retrieve one's suitcase from the left luggage office 从行李寄存处取回箱子
memorize (BrE memorise) vt. remember, learn by heart 记住；把……记在心里
She can memorize facts very quickly. 她能很快记住很多资料。
An actor must be able to memorize his lines. 演员要善于熟记台词。
wrench
vt. 1. pull violently with twisting movement (猛力地)拉，拧
He managed to wrench himself free. 他把身体挣脱出来了。 wrench the button off 猛地拧下纽扣
2. twist and damage (a part of the body) 扭伤，挫伤
She wrenched her ankle when she fell. 她摔倒时扭伤了脚踝。
Be careful. Don't wrench yourself. 小心点，别扭伤了。
mutter
v. speak in a low voice 咕哝，小声嘀咕
He would mutter whenever he did this. 每当他做这件事时，他都会嘀咕。
She muttered in my ear some sweet words. 她在我的耳边嘀咕了一些甜言蜜语。
dine
vi. eat dinner 吃正餐
They dined together at a big restaurant. 他们在一家大饭店一起吃饭。
We'll dine with our friends at eight. 我们八点与朋友一起吃饭。
purity
n. [U] the quality or state of being pure 纯，纯洁，洁净
test the purity of the water 检测水的纯度
question the purity of their motives 怀疑他们的动机不纯
bias
n. [C, U] a tendency to be in favor of or against sth. or sb. without knowing enough to be able to judge fairly; prejudice 偏见，成见；倾向性
He has a bias against women drivers. 他对女司机有偏见。
Bias may have been introduced due to lack of communication. 偏见可能会因为缺少交流而产生。
let go
release; dismiss; stop holding 放开, 释放
Never let go of your target, and you will get nearer and nearer to it. 不要放弃你的目标，你就会越来越接近它。 Let go. You are hurting my leg. 撒手，你把我的腿弄疼了。
cross over
go from one side to the other 通过，横穿，穿过
The only way that you can be redeemed is to cross over the bridge for a new life. 挽回声誉的惟一途径是跨过桥去，开始新生。
The plane crossed over the Atlantic Ocean to England. 飞机越过大西洋到英国。
thrust one's way through
push or drive quickly and forcibly through
(迅速而用力地)挤过，冲过
We thrust our way through the crowd.
我们冲过了人群。
The team thrust its way through the past data.
这个小组钻进了过去的数据里（彻底查阅）。
by coincidence
by chance
偶然地, 意外地
By some coincidence, both places rained hard yesterday.
两地同降大雨纯属偶然。
I got new data by some coincidence.
我偶然获得了新数据。
fall into
be divided into; collapse into
分成
The glass fell into pieces when it slid off to the floor.
玻璃杯滑落到地上，摔碎了。
fall into disorder
陷入混乱
Hollins Pond
豪林斯湖（美国地名）
U2-A My Teacher, My Salvation
salvation
n. 1.[U] a person or thing that prevents or saves sb. / sth. from danger, loss, or failure
拯救者；拯救物
She saved my life; she is my salvation.
她拯救了我的生命，她是我的救星。
The Internet turned out to be the salvation of the company.
结果是因特网挽救了这家公司。
2.[U] the act of saving or the state of being saved
救助；得救，获救
He has been offered a second chance of salvation.
他得到了第二次获救的机会。
Everybody seems to think that we can always seek salvation in new technology whenever we have a problem.
每个人似乎都认为，每当我们有问题，总是可以求助于新技术。
visa
n. [C] a stamp or mark put on a passport by officials of a foreign country to show that the holder may enter, pass through or leave their country
签证
get a Polish visa
得到一个波兰签证
He extends his visa before it expires.
他在他的签证到期之前办理了续签。
shove
vt. put (sth.) carelessly
随便放置
She shoved the photos into the drawer.
他把相片扔进了抽屉里。
I shoved the case on top of the car.
我把箱子放在汽车顶上了。
v. push in a rough or careless way
推，挤，撞
He shoved her towards the car.
他把她朝车那边推。
Robert shoved past the crowds and got to the front of the room.
罗伯特挤过人群来到房子前面。
emigrate
vi. leave one's own country to go and live in another country
移居国外
Sixty years ago my grandfather emigrated from Britain to Australia.
60年前我爷爷从英国移居澳大利亚。
Many young people in Third World nations plan to emigrate to the United States or Canada.
很多第三世界国家的年轻人打算移居美国或加拿大。
bald
a. (of a person) having little or no hair on the head
秃头的，无毛的
Her best friend married a bald man.
她最好的朋友嫁给了一个秃头男人。
Can you imagine a man going bald in his thirties?
你能想像一个男人三十多岁就秃顶吗？
gleam
vi. shine softly
发微光
If the tabletop gleams, it means it has been polished very clearly.
如果桌面很亮，那就说明桌面擦得很干净。
The polished floor gleamed.
擦过的地板闪闪发亮。
n. [C] a soft light, esp. one that shines for a short time
柔和的光
A few faint gleams of sunshine made us feel happy.
几缕柔和的阳光使我们感到好快乐。.
A gleam of anger could be seen in his eyes.
可以看出他的目光里带着愤怒。
gleaming
a. shining, bright
闪光的，发亮的
She has gleaming white teeth.
她的牙齿晶莹洁白。
We saw gleaming stainless steel utensils in the kitchen.
我们看见厨房里亮晶晶的不锈钢厨具。
rap
v. hit or knock (sth.) quickly
敲打, 敲击
She rapped on the table with her pen.
她用钢笔敲打着桌子。
Someone was rapping loudly at the door.
有人在急促地大声敲门。
rehearsal
n. [C, U] (an occasion of) practicing a play, concert, etc. for later public performance 排练，排演
They are ready to put a new play into rehearsal.
他们准备排练一出新戏。
The dress rehearsal for the evening party is amazing.
晚会的彩排棒极了。
eloquent
a. able to express ideas effectively so that the listeners are influenced
雄辩的，有口才的
He is an eloquent speaker.
他是一位雄辩的演讲家。
Silence is more eloquent than words.
沉默比言辞更有说服力。
fascinate
vt. attract or interest sb. greatly
迷住，吸引
The city fascinates him.
这座城市强烈地吸引住了他。
I was fascinated by the very style of the old house.
这一古老建筑的风格本身使我着迷。
verse
n. [C] writing arranged in the form of poetry
诗，韵文
blank verse
无韵诗
free verse
自由诗
Most of the scene is written in verse, but some is in prose.
这场戏大部分内容是用韵文写成的，但也有一些是用散文形式写的。
facet
n. [C] any one of the numerous aspects of sth.
（事物的）一方面
There are several facets to this question.
这个问题有几个方面。
Every facet of college life is fascinating.
大学生活的每个方面都令人兴奋。
concise
a. short and clear; expressing a lot in a few words
简明的，简洁的，简要的
His lectures were concise and to the point.
他的演讲既简洁又中肯。
She made a concise summary.
她做了一个简单的总结。
chorus
n. 1. [C] a piece of music written to be sung by a large group of people
合唱（曲）
This is a piece of chorus.
这是一支合唱曲。
He doesn't like listening to chorus.
他不喜欢听合唱。
2. [C] a group of people who sing together
合唱团, 合唱队
The chorus of this university is famous.
这所大学的合唱团很有名气。
She is a member of the community chorus.
她是社区合唱队的成员。
buzz
n. [C] a continuous noise that bees make
嗡嗡声
The buzz of bees comes from the garden.
花园里传来蜜蜂的嗡嗡声。
vi. make a continuous noise like that made by bees
发出嗡嗡声
There are a lot of bees buzzing round the flowers.
有许多蜜蜂围着花儿嗡嗡叫。
distract
vt. (from) take (a person or their attention) away from sth., esp. for a short time （使）人分心，分散（注意力）
The noise in the street distracted me from my reading.
街上的嘈杂声使我不能专心读书。
The school students were distracted by the noise outside the classroom.
教室外边的喧闹声使学生们不能集中注意力。
hug
vt. put the arms round (sb.) tightly, esp. to show love or friendship
拥抱
He hugged her tightly.
他紧紧拥抱她。
She hugged her son and turned to get on the train.
她拥抱了一下儿子，转身上了火车。
guerrilla
n. [C] a member of a small military group taking part in irregular fighting, esp.
against larger regular forces
游击队员
urban guerrillas
城市游击队员
He is a guerrilla fighting for his people.
他是一名游击队员，为自己的人民而战。
indefinite
a. 1．not clear
不明确的，不确定的
He gave us an indefinite answer.
他给了我们一个含糊的答复。
He has rather indefinite views on the question.
在那个问题上他的观点很含糊。
2. lasting into the future without fixed end
无限期的
an indefinite ban on imports of gold
无限期的禁止黄金进口
She'll be away for an indefinite period.
她将离开一段时间，何时回来未定。
4
大学英语——6单词
5
irrigation
n. [U] supplying (land or crops) with water 灌溉
an irrigation channel 灌溉渠
bring the farmland under irrigation 使农田水利化
smuggle
vt. 1. take (sb. / sth.) secretly into or out of a place 偷运
Every year illegal immigrants are smuggled into the United States. 每年都有非法移民被偷运到美国。
She agreed to smuggle me into their meeting. 她答应把我偷偷带进他们的会场。
2. take (esp. goods) illegally from one country to another ，esp. to avoid paying the necessary tax 走私
The punishment is harsh for smuggling cars. 走私汽车将受到严厉处罚。
He was caught smuggling cameras into the country. 他向这个国家走私照相机被抓住。
sergeant
n. [C] a person with a low rank in the army, air force, or police 中士；巡佐
sergeant first class 陆军上士
major sergeant 军士长
cellar
n. [C] a room below ground floor in a house or other building often used for storing things 地下室
Finally, he had to hide her in a cellar. 最后他只好把她藏在地下室里。
Can you hear the knocks on the cellar door? 你能听见有人在敲地下室的门吗？
narrative
n. [C] a spoken or written account of events 叙述，记述
Brevity is a stylistic feature of this narrative. 简短是这种叙事文体的特点。
Using family and friends as models, he composed an excellent narrative. 他以家人和朋友作为原型创作了一部优秀的叙事小说。 a. in the form of, or relating to narration 叙述的，叙事的
He studies narrative literature. 他研究叙事文学。 narrative poems 叙事诗
tuition
n. 1. [U] fee for teaching or instruction 学费
Tuition has been increasing in recent years. 学费近年来不断上涨。
He's already paid a year's tuition. 他已交了一年的学费。
2. [U] teaching or instruction, esp. people in small groups 教学，讲授
Individual tuition is not always necessary. 个别辅导不一定总是必要的。
She is having extra tuition in physics. 她在补习物理。
clasp
vt. take and hold firmly with the hands or arms 紧握，紧抓
She was clasping a knife. 她紧握着一把刀。
He clasped my arm with fear. 他害怕地握紧了我的手臂。
clip
vt. 1. cut (a picture, article, etc.) from a newspaper or magazine 剪下（报纸或杂志上的图片、文章等）
The little girl likes clipping cartoon pictures from newspapers. 小姑娘喜欢剪下报纸上的卡通画。
I clipped the ads from the magazine in case they can be useful later. 我把广告从杂志上剪下来，可能以后用得上。 2. cut short, trim 剪短，修剪
How often do you clip your hedge? 你多长时间修剪一次篱笆。
She spent much time clipping her finger-nails. 她花很多时间修剪指甲。
bully
vt. frighten or hurt sb., esp. who is smaller or weaker 威吓，欺侮弱小
Don't let them bully you into accepting the idea. 不要让他们逼着你接受这一想法。
He used to bully all the other little boys. However one day on his way home he was attacked by all of them.
他常常期负其他小男孩。然而，有一天，在回家路上，他受到所有这些小男孩的袭击。
enthusiastic
a. showing strong active feeling of interest and admiration 热心的，热情的
She is very enthusiastic about singing. 她很喜欢唱歌。
Throughout my life I had an enthusiastic curiosity about the history and culture of China.
我一生对中国的历史和文化都有一种强烈的好奇心。
void
n. 1. [U] (usu. sing.) a feeling of emptiness or loss 空虚感，失落感
Your absence left me a void.
你的离开使我感到空虚。
Her husband's death left a terrible void. 她丈夫的去世使她倍感空虚。
2. [U] (usu. sing.) an empty space 空间，空处
You could see nothing but a complete void there. 那里只能看到一片空旷。
the blue void we call the sky 我们称之为天空的蔚蓝色空间
a. 1．(of) empty; lacking; without 空的，缺乏……的
His suggestions are totally void of common sense. 他的建议完全缺乏常识。
Her face was void of all interests. 她的表情显得对什么都不感兴趣。 2. no longer legal or effective 没有法律效力的
The court declared the contract void. 法庭宣布合同无效。
A contract signed by a child will be void. 由儿童签署的合同不具法律效力。
sip
v. drink in small amounts 小口喝，啜
She was sitting at the table sipping her coffee. 她坐在桌边喝咖啡。
He sipped at his wine with pleasure. 他愉快地品啜葡萄酒。
grief
n. 1. [U] extreme sadness, esp. because of the death of sb. you love 悲痛，悲伤
She couldn't bear the grief she felt over her son's death. 她无法忍受儿子的死给她带来的悲伤。
Her grief at her mother's death almost drove her insane. 母亲的死使她悲伤得几乎发狂。
2. [C] sth. that causes extreme sadness 伤心的事，不幸的事
It is indeed a grief to lose your job. 你失去工作确实是一件不幸的事。
He had to deal with one grief after another throughout his life. 他一辈子不得不应对一个接一个的不幸。
tribute
n. [C, U] sth. done, said, or given to show respect or admiration （表示敬意或情感的）礼物，赠品；颂词
I pay tribute to him for his support for world peace. 他对世界和平的支持，我表示赞扬。
I'd like to pay tribute to all the staff of the company for their hard work of the year. 我想对公司所有员工一年来的辛勤工作致敬。
step off get off
（从……上）走下来
He stepped off the ship, with a big suitcase in his hand. 他从船上走下来，手上提着一个大箱子。 He has just stepped off the plane. 他刚从飞机上走下来。
put out
publish; issue; broadcast 出版；公布；广播
Many schools put out their own newspapers. 很多学校都有自己的校报。
The publisher has put out many new books this year. 出版社今年出版了很多新书。
work one's tail off work very hard 竭尽全力干活
If you decide to stay here, you'll have to work your tails off. 如果你们决定留下来，就得好好干活。
The children worked their tails off planting trees for a whole day. 孩子们一整天拼命种树。
under the spell of
totally charmed or fascinated by ，strongly attracted by 对……着迷
He is under the spell of her beauty. 他被她的美貌迷住了。
Many women fall under the spell of his charm. 很多女人都为他的魅力所倾倒。
learn of
become aware of ; come to know of 获悉，得知，了解到
I learned of the accident only yesterday. 我昨天才听说这个事故。
I had learned a lot of the new teacher before I met her. 我见到新老师之前就对她的情况了解甚多。
Marilyn Burd 玛丽莲·伯德
Philippines 菲律宾
Peace Corps
和平队（由志愿人员组成的美国政府代表机构，成立于1961年，为发展中国家提供技术服务）
U2-B The Most Fantastic Day
exceptional
a. 1. unusually good, outstanding 优秀的，杰出的
He is an exceptional pupil. 他是一个杰出的小学生。
All her children are clever, but the youngest daughter is really exceptional. 她的孩子们都很聪明, 但小女儿尤为突出。 2. unusual and not likely to happen often
例外的，罕见的
This weather is exceptional for June.
这种天气6月份很少见。
We must accept that this is an exceptional situation.
我们必须接受这是一个例外情况。
stab
v. strike forcefully (into) with the point of sth. sharp, esp. a knife
刺，戳，捅
He stabbed the woman with a knife and she died.
他用刀把这位妇女刺死了。
She had been stabbed in the chest.
她的胸部被刺伤。
stabbing
a. (esp. of pain) as if made by a knife; sharp and sudden
有如刀刺的；突然剧烈的
He had a stabbing pain in his chest.
他突然感到胸口刺痛。
The stabbing pain lasts for one hour.
剧烈的疼痛持续了一个小时。
tickle
vi. feel or give a sensation that makes you want to rub
发痒
My nose tickles.
我的鼻子痒痒。
The blanket tickles.
毛毯使人发痒。
vt. delight or amuse
使高兴，使开心；逗乐
The story tickled the children.
故事使孩子们很高兴。
I was tickled to death at the joke.
听了那笑话, 我笑破了肚皮。
pedal
v. ride ( a bicycle)
骑（踏板车）
We pedaled slowly up the hill.
我们慢慢蹬车上山。
He pedaled to school everyday.
他每天骑车上学。
n. [C] a part (of a bicycle, machine, etc.) to press with the foot to control it
踏板
One of the bicycle pedals has come off.
自行车的一个踏板掉了。
groan
vi. utter a deep moan expressing pain, grief, or displeasure
发出呻吟声
The old man groaned with pain.
老人发出痛苦的呻吟。
They groaned under the load of taxes.
他们在赋税的重压下受折磨。
n. [C] a sound made in groaning
呻吟声
The groans of an injured man came from next door.
隔壁传来受伤人的呻吟声。
She gave a groan of dismay.
她发出气馁的呻吟。
agony
n. [C, U] very great physical or mental pain
极大的痛苦
The wounded man was in agony.
那个受伤的人很痛苦。
She lives in the agonies of remorse.
她因悔恨而生活在痛苦中。
Easter
n. [C, U] a Christian holy day in March or April commemorating the Resurrection of Jesus
(耶稣)复活节
Easter holiday
复活节假期
Easter week
自复活节日算起的一星期
brace
vt. (for) prepare (oneself) for sth. unpleasant or difficult
准备迎接（困难）；使振作精神
Brace yourself for the difficulties!
振作起来面对困难！
Brace yourself for the fight.
准备迎战。
cane
n. [C] a stick used as an aid in walking
拐杖
He is not very old but used to walking with a cane.
他年龄不大，但习惯于拄着拐杖走路。
The footballer's leg is not fully recovered yet, so he still uses a walking cane.
这位足球队员的腿还没有完全康复，所以还必须用拐杖。
gloom
n. 1. [U] (sing.) a feeling of great sadness and lack of hope; depression
忧愁；忧郁
He was deep in gloom because his girlfriend had gone away.
他深深地沉浸在忧伤中，因为他的女友离开他了。
There was a sense of gloom in the city after the team's loss.
足球队失败后，城市里有一种忧郁感。
2. [U] partial or total darkness; dimness
黑暗；幽暗
In the gloom of the thick forest, they nearly lost their way.
在密林的黑暗中，他们几乎迷了路。
He couldn't read in the dim gloom.
他不能在昏暗的光线下看书。
surgeon
n. [C] a doctor whose job is to perform medical operations
外科医生
Surgeons are well paid.
外科医生报酬高。
This hospital is short of good surgeons.
这家医院缺乏好的外科医生。
metropolitan
a. of, relating to, or characteristic of a major city
大都市的，大都会的
He has got used to metropolitan life.
他已习惯了大都市的生活。
crowded metropolitan streets
繁忙拥挤的大城市街道
directory
n. [C] an alphabetical or classified listing of names, addresses, and other data, such as telephone numbers, of specific persons, groups, or firms
通讯录，号码簿
We found his address in the directory.
我们在通讯录上找到了他的地址。
A telephone directory is very helpful to us.
电话号码薄对我们很有帮助。
deduct
vt. (from) take away (an amount) from a total; subtract
扣除，减去
Income tax is deducted from the paycheck.
个人所得税从薪金中扣除。
Your monthly payments will be deducted from your salary.
你每月的支付金额将从工资里扣除。
suite
n. 1. [C] a set of rooms
套房
Hotel suites are expensive.
酒店套房很贵。
They reserved a honeymoon suite.
他们为度蜜月预订了一套房子。
2. [C] a set of matching furniture for a room
一套家具
The dining-room suite is well designed.
这套餐厅用的家具设计很好。
a three-piece suite
三件一套的家具
scrub
vt. wash or clean sth. by rubbing it hard
擦净，用力擦洗
Don't forget to scrub behind your ears.
不要忘了把你耳朵后面洗干净。
The wound must be scrubbed clean before it is dressed.
包扎之前必须把伤口擦净。
opaque
a. 1. not able to be seen through
不透明的
The windows are of opaque glass.
这些窗户装着不透明玻璃。
I need a chemical solution opaque to x-rays.
我需要一种X光不能穿透的化学溶液。
2. difficult to understand
晦涩的，难懂的
I felt his report was deliberately opaque.
我觉得他的报告故意含糊其辞。
Her writing is of an opaque style.
她的作品晦涩难懂。
groove
n. [C] a long, narrow usu. regular path or track made in a surface
凹槽
Sliding doors and windows move in a groove.
滑动门窗都在凹槽中移动。
Then you cut a groove into the wood, so that the two pieces can be slotted together.
然后在木头里刻一条槽，那么两块木头便可以插入槽中固定到一起。
peel
vt. remove the outer covering from (sth.)
剥去……的外皮
She peeled the skin off the banana.
她剥去香蕉皮。
Lucy always peeled potatoes for her mother.
露茜总帮妈妈削土豆皮。
vi. ( of an outer covering or surface) come off in thin strips or pieces
脱落
My skin always peels when I've been in the sun.
我晒过太阳后总会脱皮。
The wallpaper is starting to peel off.
壁纸开始脱落。
dwarf
vt. cause (sth. or sb.) to seem small in comparison
使（某人、某物）显得矮小，使相形见绌
He dwarfs other dramatists.
他使其他剧作家相形见绌。
The ship came slowly into the harbour, dwarfing all the surrounding boats.
轮船徐徐驶入港口，使周围的船只显得矮小。
n. [C] an abnormally small person
矮子, 侏儒
Their son is a dwarf.
他们的儿子是个矮子。
The children is listening to the story of seven dwarfs.
孩子们在听七个小矮人的故事。
shaft
n. [C] the long, narrow handle of a tool or instrument
（工具、器械等的）柄，杆
Shafts of knives should be smooth.
刀柄应该光滑。
hose
n. [C] a flexible tube for conveying liquids or gases under pressure
软管，水龙带
He laid down the hose and went to turn off the tap.
他放下软管去关掉水龙头。
You need a hose to lead to the garden.
你需要一根软管通到花园。
vt. water, or wash with a hose
用软管浇水（或冲洗）
6
大学英语——6单词
7
hose down the deck 用软管冲洗甲板
Will you hose down my car — it's very dirty. 你能用水管冲洗一下我的汽车吗？它太脏了。
knob
n. 1．[C] a rounded control switch or dial 旋钮
Turn the knob to start the machine. 拧开旋钮来启动机器。
To turn down the radio, you have to use the volume knob. 要把收音机的音量调小，必须使用音量旋钮。
2. [C] a rounded handle, as on a drawer or door （门、抽屉等的）球形把手
Turn the door knob to open the door. 拧门把手开门。
Something went wrong with the knob of the drawer. 抽屉的把手坏了。
graze
vt. rub or scrape (esp. the skin) so as to break the surface but cause little or no bleeding 擦伤，擦破
She fell and grazed her knee. 她摔倒擦伤了膝盖。
A bullet grazed his arm. 子弹擦破了他的胳膊。
sponge
vt. remove (liquid) with a cloth or sponge 用布、海绵等吸掉（液体）
He sponged sweat off his forehead. 他擦去额头上的汗。
I'll go and sponge this juice off my clothes. 我去用海绵擦掉衣服上的果汁。
n. [C, U] a piece of soft natural or artificial substance full of small holes, which can suck up liquid and is used for washing 海绵
She picked up a sponge and began cleaning the sink. 她拿起海绵开始擦洗涤槽。 a bath sponge 洗澡用的海绵
hum
vi. make a continuous low sound; buzz 发出嗡嗡声
I hear the insects humming. 我听到昆虫发出嗡嗡声。
Bees hummed in the garden. 蜜蜂在花园发出嗡嗡声。
n. (sing.) a continuous low sound 嗡嗡声，哼哼声 the hum of bees 蜜蜂的嗡嗡声
hum of conversation in the next room 隔壁嗡嗡的谈话声
stitch
v. (up) join one's skin together after it has been cut 缝，缝合
We'll soon have your wound stitched up. 我们很快就把你的伤口缝好。
The doctor stitched up the wound. 医生缝合了伤口。
recur
vi. happen, come up, or show up again or repeatedly 再发生, 再产生或出现
Old memories constantly recurred to him. 往事经常浮现在他的脑海里。
There is a danger that the disease may recur. 疾病有复发的危险。
stride
vi. walk with long steps, esp. in a hasty or vigorous way 大踏步走，阔步行进
He strode angrily into the classroom. 他气愤地跨进教室。
The president came striding towards me. 校长大踏步向我走来。
brisk
a. moving or acting quickly 轻快的，活泼的，敏捷的
Take a brisk walk in the park. 在公园里轻快地散步。
He acted in a brisk manner. 他动作轻快。
briskly
ad. in a lively and quick way 轻快地，活泼地，敏捷地 She walks briskly. 她走路轻快。
tile
n. [C] a thin, flat hard material such as baked clay or plastic, used esp. for floors or walls 瓷砖；瓦 a tile roof 瓦屋顶
We use tiles to cover floors. 我们用瓷砖铺地面。
sparkle
vi. give off flashes of light 闪闪发光，闪耀，闪烁
The diamonds sparkled in the bright light. 钻石在亮光下闪闪发光。
Her eyes sparkled with excitement. 她的眼睛由于兴奋而发亮。
be gifted with be endowed with; have a natural ability to do sth. well 有……的天赋
He was gifted with a beautiful voice. 他天生嗓子好。
She said she learned English well because she was gifted with a superb memory. 她说她英语学得好，是因为有超常记忆力。
run through
be present in every part of (sth.) 贯穿，渗透
A deep melancholy runs through her poetry. 她的诗中贯穿着悲伤的情调。
Tension ran through the whole community. 整个社区都充满紧张气氛。
up front
as payment in advance, esp. as a sign of trust that other payments will follow 预付的
You'll need to pay $ 500 up front for the cost of materials. 你需要预付500美元的材料费。
We'll pay you half up front and the other half when you have finished the job. 我们先付给你一半钱，剩下的一半等你干完活再给你。
knock out
1. (of a drug) make (sb.) go to sleep 使入睡；使失去知觉
He was knocked out by the drug. 药物使他入睡。
A tablet knocked her out for four hours. 一片药使她睡了四个小时。 2. knock unconscious 把……击昏
A blow on the head knocked him out. 他头部受到一击，失去了知觉。
The thief knocked her out and ran away with her wallet. 贼把她击昏，拿走了她的钱包。
come to life
1. become conscious again after fainting 恢复知觉，苏醒
The soldier came to life again. 士兵恢复了知觉。
At last the patient came to life, after being in a deep sleep for 3 days. 最后病人在昏睡三天以后终于醒来了。
2. show or develop interests, excitement, etc. 产生兴趣；兴奋起来
I seldom come to life before noon. 我中午以前往往打不起精神。
The quiet boy came to life after he went to college. 那个沉默寡言的男孩上大学后变得活跃了。
Justin Thurston 贾斯廷·瑟斯顿
Dorothy 多萝西
New York Metropolitan Hospital 纽约大都会医院
Israel Epstein 依斯雷尔·爱泼斯坦
U3-A Humans in the Amazon — A Long-Lost History Comes to Light
rainforest
n. [C] a forest in a tropical region where it rains a lot 雨林
The rainforests are an immense resource capable of feeding and sustaining the growing populations of developing countries.
雨林是一个巨大的资源，它能为发展中国家日益增长的人口提供食物，维持他们的生活。 It is known that rainforest destruction threatens the well-being of the environment. 人们知道，雨林的破坏威胁到了环境状况。
intact
a. remaining sound, entire, or undamaged; not impaired in any way 完整的；无损的
The tornado destroyed our garden but left our house intact. 这场龙卷风毁坏了我们的花园，但房屋完好无损。
It's difficult to emerge from such a scandal with your reputation still intact. 经过这样一场丑闻风波之后仍保持住名声不受损害是件不容易的事情。
Renaissance
n. (the ~) the period in Europe between the 14th and 17th centuries, when the art, literature, and ideas of ancient Greece were discovered again and widely studied, causing a rebirth of activity in all these things （欧洲14至17世纪时的）文艺复兴（时期）
This course offers students a wide choice of study, with emphasis on literature from the Renaissance onward.
这门课程为学生提供了广阔的学习选择范围，其重点是文艺复兴时期以来的文学。 the Renaissance literature 文艺复兴时期的文学
overthrow
vt. remove from power or cause the downfall of, esp. by force 打倒，推翻
a plot to overthrow the government 推翻政府的阴谋
The political aims can vary from providing the money to overthrow a foreign government to something as simple as being required to donate to a political party. 政治目的各异，大到为推翻某个国外政府提供所需要的资金，小到为某个政党提供捐助。 n. [C] (usu. sing.) defeat; removal from official power 打倒，推翻
He was accused of calling for the violent overthrow of the government. 他被指控煽动用武力推翻政府。
He foresaw that their success would lead to the overthrow of the regime. 他预见到他们的成功会导致这个政权的垮台。
throne
n. 1. [C] the ceremonial chair of a king, queen, etc. （国王、女王等的） 宝座，御座
2. (the ~) (sing.) the rank or office of a king or queen
王位，帝位，王权
Edward VIII, the British king, had to give up the British throne because he wanted to marry an American divorcee.
英国国王爱德华八世为娶一位美国的离婚女子不得不放弃英国的王位。
the time when Queen Victoria was on the throne
维多利亚女王在位时期
imperial
a. of, relating to, or suggestive of an empire or a sovereign, esp. an emperor or empress
帝国的，皇帝的
imperial rule
帝国统治
the imperial palace
皇宫
plateau
n. 1. [C] a large stretch of level land that is higher than the land around it on at least one side
高原
Oxygen in the plateau area is scarce.
高原地区缺氧。
In the wedge-shaped plateau are great old cities supported by rich farmlands.
在梯形状的高地上，有肥沃农田赡养的著名古城。
2. [C] a steady unchanging level, period, or condition
平稳时期，稳定状态；停滞时期
Many prices had reached plateaus, some were beginning to sag.
许多物价已升至平稳，有些则开始下跌。
Interest rates declined, then reached a plateau.
利率下降，然后达到稳定水平。
spice
n. 1. [C, U] any of the vegetable substances used to give food a special smell or taste (e.g. pepper, mustard, or ginger)
香料，调味品
Oriental spice is welcome in the West.
东方香料在西方很受欢迎。
He is a dealer in spice.
他是经营香料的商人。
2. [C, U] interest or excitement, esp. as added to sth. else
趣味，情趣，风味
She has a spice of wildness in her character.
她的性格有点放荡不羁。
He is bored and needs a little spice in his life.
他对生活感到厌倦, 需要点生活情趣。
expedition
n. [C] (the people, vehicles, etc. going on) a (long) journey for a certain purpose （人、车等有目的的）远征；探险（队）
A scientific expedition set off for the South Pole yesterday.
一支科学考察队昨天启程前往南极。
Fine weather is crucial to the success of the expedition.
远征成功的关键在于有好天气。
descent
n. 1. [C] the act or fact of going or coming down
下降；降下；下来
The plane began to make a descent.
飞机开始降落。
The road makes a sharp descent just past the lake.
道路一过湖泊便陡然下倾。
2. [U] family origins
血统，出身
He is a person of African descent.
他有非洲血统。
He traced his descent from an old Norman family.
他追溯他的祖先是一个古诺曼人家族。
missionary
n. [C] a person who is sent, usu. to a foreign country, to spread religion
传教士
Morrison is the first missionary to China.
莫里森是最早来华的传教士。
A foreign missionary taught him English.
有个外国传教士教他英文。
pope
n. [U] (often cap.) the head of the Roman Catholic Church
（罗马天主教）教皇，教宗
The Pope is the Bishop of Rome as head of the Roman Catholic Church on Earth. 教皇指的是罗马主教，他是世界上所有罗马天主教教堂的领袖。
There was a solemn silence when the Pope appeared.
当教皇出现时，有种庄严的肃静。
manuscript
n. [C] a typed or handwritten version of a book, an article, a document, or other work, esp. the author's own copy, prepared and submitted for publication
手稿，原稿
The editor condensed the manuscript to half of its original length.
编辑把这一手稿压缩到原来长度的一半。
Literary scholars are piecing together her last unpublished novel from fragments of a recently discovered manuscript.
文学家们把最近发现的一部她的手稿的碎片拼修成一部小说，这是她最后一部未发表过的作品。
federation
n. 1. [C] a union
同盟，联合会
All-China Federation of Trade Union
中华全国总工会
I have a friend who is from a federation of students.
我有一位朋友在学生联合会工作。
2. [C] a group of states united with one government which decides foreign affairs, defense, etc., but in which each state can have its own government to decide its own affairs
联邦政府
The Unites States is a federation.
美国是一个联邦政府。
stereotype
n. [C] a fixed conception, opinion, or image (of sb. or sth.) that is oversimplified
模式化的见解，老套
We need to break through the stereotypes.
我们需要打破陈规。
The characters in the book are just stereotypes.
这本书中的人物是老套，没有什么变化。
successor
n. [C] a person who follows or succeeds another in office, position, or ownership of property
继任者；继位者；继承者
This range of computers is very fast, but their successors will be even faster.
这些计算机的速度很快，但是后来的计算机速度甚至还会更快。
Mr. Jones is the headmaster's successor.
琼斯先生是校长的继任人。
rot
v. (cause to) decay by a gradual natural process; (cause to) go bad
腐败，腐烂
Fruits rot easily during hot days.
天热时水果容易腐烂。
The beams had rotted away.
横梁已经腐朽了。
veil
n. 1. [C] sth. that covers or hides sth. else
遮盖物
The mountain tops were hidden beneath a veil of mist.
山顶隐藏在薄雾之下。
A veil of clouds hid the sun.
一层云遮住了太阳。
2.[C] a covering of thin material or net for the head or face, worn esp. by women
面纱
On windy days some women wear veils on the street.
有风的日子，一些女士上街时戴着面纱。
The Muslim women were dressed in black veils that covered everything but their eyes.
穆斯林妇女披着黑纱，除了眼睛外都遮盖住了。
diffuse
a. widely spread or scattered; not concentrated
散开的；散布的；不集中的
Diffuse tribes once lived in this area.
这一地区曾生活着分散的部落。
diffuse light
漫射的光
v. (cause to) spread out freely in all directions
（使）扩散；（使）弥漫；（使）传播
The colours of the sunset were diffused across the sky.
日落时分的霞光布满天空。
diffuse knowledge
传播知识
archaeology (also archeology)
n. [U] the study of the buried remains of ancient time, such as houses, pots, tools, etc.
考古学
He is interested in archaeology.
他对考古学很感兴趣。
archaeological
a. of or related to archaeology
考古学的
The discovery is of great archaeological value.
这一发现有很大的考古学意义。
instrumental
a. serving as a means of bringing sth. about; helpful (in)
作为手段的；有帮助的
Fluent English is instrumental in finding a job for you.
英语流利对你找工作很有利。
The neighbors were instrumental in catching the criminal.
邻居们帮助捉拿了那个罪犯。
ceramic
a. made of clay, or of a similar material hardened by heat
陶瓷的
the ceramic industry
陶瓷业
ceramic manufactures
陶器, 瓷器
watertight
a. 1. through which no water can pass
不漏水的，不透水的
a watertight joint
水密接缝
watertight work
水密工程
2. produced with great care, so that no one can find anything wrong
无懈可击的
They made a watertight contract.
他们制订了严密的合同。
Their argument is watertight.
他们的论据无懈可击。
isle
n. [C] (used in poetry or names) an island
（用于诗歌或地名）岛
the British Isles
不列颠群岛
transcend
vt. 1. pass beyond the limits of
超越，超出……的限度
These issues transcend the limits of language study.
这些问题超出了语言研究的范围。
Emotions transcend time and space.
情感是穿越时空的。
2. be greater than, as in intensity or power; surpass
胜过，超过
Everyone knows that the speed of airplanes transcend that of ships.
人人都知道飞机的速度快于轮船的速度。
One can never see the thing in itself because the mind does not transcend phenomena.
人们远不可能认识事物自身的本质，因为思想无法超越现象。
intercourse
n. [U] exchange of feelings, actions, etc. which make people know each other better 交际；交往；交流
8
大学英语——6单词
9
The trade intercourse in the neighbouring areas is thriving. 临近地区的贸易往来繁荣起来。
Airplanes, good roads, and telephones make intercourse with different parts of the country far easier than it was 50 years ago.
飞机、良好的道路和电话使国内各地的交往较50年前远为方便。
verbal
a. 1. of, relating to, or associated with words 用言辞的，文字上的
The difference is merely verbal. 差别仅仅在于措辞。
There are some verbal mistakes in the composition. 作文中有些文字错误。 2. spoken, not written 口头的；非书面的 a verbal description 口头描述
terrace
n. [C] one of a series of areas on a slope cut so that they look like wide steps, used for growing crops 梯田
The local people turned the hillside into a series of ascending terraces for farming. 当地人把山坡变成了耕作用的一层层梯田。
There are many rice fields on the hillside, terrace above terrace. 山坡上有一层层稻田。
bust
vt. 1. (infml.) break 破裂；打碎
I busted my watch this morning. 今早我把手表弄坏了。
The boy busted the glass. 小男孩打碎了玻璃。
expire
vi. 1. (literary) die 逝世；死亡
The old man expired at the age of eighty. 老人80岁时逝世。
He expired at midnight. 他半夜死去。
2. (of sth. which lasts for a period of time ) come to an end; run out 期满，到期；终止
His term of office as president will expire next year. 他的总统任期明年将届满。
My membership in the club has expired. 我的俱乐部会员资格已期满。
disperse
v. (cause to) scatter or spread in different directions, so as to be no longer present （使）分散；（使）散开；（使）消散；驱散 The clouds have dispersed from the sky. 天空中的云层已经消散。
The police dispersed the crowd with tear gas. 警察用催泪瓦斯驱散了人群。
expertise
n. [U] skill or knowledge in a particular field 专门技能；专业知识
China needs senior business personnel with strong abilities and expertise on global management.
中国需要高层商业管理人员，他们必须具有很强的全球管理才干和专业知识。
The company has appointed a new marketing director to broaden its strategic expertise.
该公司新任命了一位市场主管以拓宽公司战略性发展所需的技术。
empirical
a. based on practical experience rather than on theory 以实际经验为依据的
The study of translation is basically empirical. 翻译研究从根本上说是经验性的。
These books and articles present the theoretical and empirical aspects of the interview as well as the training of the interviewers.
这些书籍和文章向我们介绍了有关面试理论和经验方面的知识，以及如何训练面试人员等。
in pursuit of
seeking; striving to achieve or obtain (some goal) 追求，寻找；寻求
She traveled the world in pursuit of her dreams. 她周游世界追寻她的梦想。
People work hard in pursuit of better life. 人们努力工作，追求更美好的生活。
warn of
give sb. notice of sth., esp. possible danger or unpleasant consequences 警告，提醒
Even those who believe that all children should have access to computers warn of potential dangers to the very young.
甚至那些认为所有的孩子都应有权使用电脑的人们，也告诫人们电脑对青少年所产生的潜在威胁。
He jumped on his horse to warn the villagers of the attack. 他跳上马去通知村民们有进攻来临。
at odds (with)
in disagreement (with); in conflict (with) 与……有矛盾， 不……一致
They are always at odds about some trivial things. 他们老是为小事儿争吵。
The partners have been at odds with each other over hiring a new manager. 合伙人在聘用新经理问题上发生了分歧。
scratch out
manage with difficulty to do sth. 勉强做（某事）
He scratched out an existence on the unfertile farmland. 他耕作贫瘠的农田勉强过日子。
in earnest
seriously; in a determined way 严肃地，认真地；坚定不移地
She promised that she would study in earnest. 她发誓一定会认真学习。 He was only half in earnest in promising not to interfere. 他只是半真半假地答应不加干涉。
point to
draw attention to (sth.), with or as with a finger （at, towards ）; give signs of; suggest (sth.)
指向；表明；暗示
Using a long stick, the teacher pointed to a place on the map and asked the children to name it.
教师用教鞭指向地图上的一个地方，让孩子们说出它是哪里。 All the facts point to the same conclusion. 所有事实都说明同样的结论。
the Amazon River 亚马孙河
Francisco Pizarro
弗朗西斯科·皮萨罗（1475 — 1541，西班牙冒险家，秘鲁印加帝国的征服者） Inca 印加人
the Andes Mountains 安第斯山脉
U3-B An Inland Paradise for Birdwatchers
hurricane
n. [C] a violent storm with a strong fast wind, esp. as happens in the western Atlantic ocean
(尤指大西洋西部的)飓风
A hurricane hit the east of the United States. 飓风袭击了美国东海岸。
The hurricane flung their motor boat upon the rocks. 飓风把他们的摩托艇抛到岩石上。
foam
n. [U] a whitish mass of small bubbles on the surface of a liquid, on skin, etc. 泡沫；泡沫状物
We see foam on water with a lot of soap in it. 我看到水上有肥皂泡沫。
The jug of beer was mostly foam. 这杯啤酒大部分是泡沫。
dolphin
n. [C] a sea animal two to three meters long, which swims about in groups, going over and under the surface of the water in curves 海豚
Little scientific data has ever been released to assess the effect of the killing on the dolphin population.
很少有科学数据来评估海豚被杀所带来的影响。
Dolphins have been hunted in the Black Sea since the late nineteenth century when Russian fishermen sought them for their meat and oil.
从19世纪末，海豚开始在黑海上被捕捉，那时俄国渔民捕捉海豚的目的是为了获取海豚肉和海豚油。
shark
n. [C] a large fish that lives esp. in warm seas, has sharp teeth, and is dangerous to people 鲨鱼
While waiting to be saved, the men had to struggle to stay alive and they were often attacked by sharks.
等待救援时， 这些人不得不奋力拼搏才能活下来，他们还经常受到鲨鱼的攻击。 Most sharks are dangerous. 大多数鲨鱼是危险的。
glitter
vi. shine brightly, esp. with flashing points of light 闪烁，闪亮
The diamond ring glittered on her finger. 钻戒在她的手指上闪闪发光。
The rich lady glittered with jewels. 那个阔女人满身珠光宝气。
n. [C, U] a brightness, as of flashing points of light 灿烂的光辉；闪烁
The children were attracted by the glitter of Christmas decoration. 孩子们被圣诞节华丽夺目的装饰所吸引。
There was a cold glitter in the cruel man's eyes. 那个残忍的人眼中有一股冷酷的凶光。
glittering
a. bright and shining with flashes of light 闪烁的，闪亮的
We see glittering stars in the sky. 我们看到天空闪烁的星星。
We saw glittering lights in the distance. 我们看到远处闪烁的灯光。
migrant
a. (of a person, animal, esp. bird) having the habit of migrating 迁徙的；移居的
Migrant workers move from city to city in search of work. 为了寻找工作，流动工人从一个城市移居到另一个城市。 Migrant birds fly south for the winter. 候鸟飞到南方过冬。
n. [C] a person, animal, esp. bird that migrates 移民；候鸟
Countries like Canada and the US are receivers of migrants. 加拿大和美国等国家是移民者的接收国。 Summer migrants nest here. 夏天候鸟来这里筑巢。
traverse
vt. extend across; pass across, over, or through 横越；横贯；穿过
This is a bridge that traverses a river. 这是一座横跨河流的桥。
The railway traverses the country. 这条铁路横贯全国。
hawk
n. [C] a strong swift bird of prey, with sharp eyesight, catching other birds and small animals with its claws for food 鹰
shorebird
n. [C] a bird which is usu. seen on the shore, esp. in North America
滨鸟
penguin
n. [C] a black and white bird that lives by the sea around Antarctica and cannot fly 企鹅
longitude
n. [C, U] the distance on the Earth east or west of a meridian measured in degrees 经度
the east (west) longitude
东（西）经
overlap
n. [C, U] the instance of overlapping; the amount by which two or more things cover each other
重叠；重复；重叠或重复部分
the overlap of responsibilities
职责的重叠
There are overlaps of contents in the two books.
两本书内容有重复的部分。
v. cover (sth.) partly and go beyond it
交搭，重叠
The roofing slates are laid to overlap each other.
屋瓦是重叠放置的。
The two books largely overlap in contents.
这两本书的内容大部分相同。
nutrition
n. 1. [U] food considered as sth. that keeps one healthy
食物；营养物
Nutrition is one of the most important factors of body health.
营养是人体健康最重要的因素之一。
Balanced nutrition is an idea widely accepted nowadays.
均衡营养这一概念现在广为人们接受。
2. [U] the science of food and its effect on health and growth
营养学
A balanced diet is important in terms of nutrition.
从营养学角度来说，均衡饮食是很重要的。
Most nutrition experts today would recommend a balanced diet containing elements of all foods, largely because of our need for sufficient vitamins.
今天，大多数营养学专家建议大家要均衡饮食，吃各种食物，因为我们身体需要足够的维他命。
spacious
a. containing much space; with plenty of room; very large
广阔的；宽广的；广大的
Their dining room is very spacious.
他们的餐厅很宽敞。
The right choice of carpet can make a small room appear more spacious.
正确选择地毯可以使小房间看上去更宽敞。
adjacent
a. (to) next to or near (sth.)
临近的，毗连的
Our school is adjacent to a factory which makes a lot of noise.
我们学校与一家工厂毗邻，工厂制造很多噪音。
Farmers were harvesting crops in the fields adjacent to the highway.
在靠着公路的田野里农民在收割庄稼。
refuge
n. [C, U] (a place that provides) protection or shelter from danger
庇护所；庇护，避难
The country promised to provide refuge for them.
这个国家答应为他们提供庇护。
He took refuge from the storm in a hut.
他在一个棚屋里避风暴。
petition
v. ask sb. in authority to do sth., esp. formally in writing
请求；请愿
They petitioned for an early end to the war.
他们上书请求早日结束战争。
Several organizations petitioned the government for the release of the political prisoners.
好几个组织上书政府, 请求释放政治犯。
n. [C] (a piece or pieces of paper containing) a request or demand made to a government or other body, usu. signed by many people
请愿（书）
The townspeople sent a petition to the government asking for electric light for the town.
市民向政府递交请愿书, 要求为该市安装电灯。
The villagers all signed a petition asking for a hospital to be built.
村民们都在请愿书上签名要求建一所医院。
paperback
n. [C] a book having a flexible paper binding
平装书；简装书
This bookshop only sells paperbacks.
这家书店只出售平装本的书。
That dictionary is now available in paperback.
那本辞典现在有平装本了。
handbook
n. [C] a small book that gives information about sth.
手册，指南
You need a handbook of English grammar.
你需要一本英语语法手册。
She was reading a handbook on gardening.
她正在阅读一本园艺手册。
pamphlet
n. [C] a small thin book with a paper cover, often given free to people
小册子
Keep this pamphlet handy and return the completed application form when you need a loan.
把这本小册子放在身边，当你需要贷款时把填完的申请表交回。
Pamphlets are available at the door.
可以在门口索取小册子。
census
n. 1. [C] an official counting of a country's population, with other important information about people
人口普查
The country is going to take a census of the population.
这个国家将进行人口普查。
According to the census, population is growing at a slow rate.
根据人口普查，人口在缓慢增长。
2. [C] an official counting of sth. for governmental planning
(官方的) 统计，调查
At the 1985 census there were 168 chicken farms in the province.
根据1985年的统计，该省有168家养鸡场。
According to the census, consumers are satisfied with prices on the whole.
根据调查，消费者对物价总体满意。
tan
a. yellowish brown
棕黄色的；棕褐色的
He wore tan leather shoes.
他穿着棕色皮鞋。
Everyone was so tan when they returned from the holidays.
每个人休假回来，都晒得黑黑的。
v. (cause to) become brown, esp. by sunlight
（使）晒黑，（使）晒成棕褐色
The women who had gathered wild mushrooms that morning were tanned so dark that they might have washed in walnut juice.
今早采集野生蘑菇的妇女们皮肤晒得黑黑的，就好像在胡桃汁里洗过似的。
Some people tan quickly.
有的人易于晒黑。
dean
n. 1. [C] the most senior or prominent member of a body or group
资深者
He is a dean in the study of wild animals.
他是研究野生动物的资深专家。
He is a dean in jurists.
他是法学界的泰斗。
2. [C] the head of a college, faculty, or division in a university
（大学的）学院院长；系主任
The dean of the college met with some American visitors yesterday.
学院院长昨天会见了一些美国客人。
The dean of the English department gave me much help in learning English.
英语系主任对我的英语学习给予很多帮助。
periodic
a. occurring or appearing at usu. regular intervals
定时的；周期的
periodic rise and fall of the tide
周期性潮涨潮落
The doctor suggests that he have periodic health checkups.
医生建议他定期进行健康检查。
fluctuate
vi. rise and fall as if in waves; vary irregularly
波动；不规则变动
The price of vegetables and fruits fluctuates according to the season.
蔬菜和水果的价格随季节而波动。
The demand fluctuates seasonally.
需求随季节而变动。
bull
n. [C] the male of animals of the ox kind
公牛
I was terrified by the bull and wanted to run out of the field.
我被这头公牛吓坏了，想跑出这块田地。
peg
vt. fasten or keep sth. within position
钉牢；固定
They pegged their hope on their son.
他们把希望寄托在儿子身上。
He pegged a notice to the post.
他把通知钉在栏杆上。
premier
a. first in status or importance; principal or chief
主要的；重要的；首要的
His work on the cause of diseases is of premier importance to the whole world.
他对病因的研究对整个世界来说非常重要。
Our premier task is to find out the cause of the disease.
我们的主要任务是找到疾病的起因。
n. [C] a prime minister
总理
Premier Zhou is generally considered as one of the greatest statesmen all over the world.
周总理被认为是世界上最伟大的政治家之一。
municipal
a. concerning (the parts of) a town, city, etc. under its own government
市的；市政的
He works in the municipal government.
他在市政府工作。
The municipal hospital is not far from here.
市医院离这里不远。
motel
n. [C] a hotel for traveling motorists, usu. on a single level with space for a car near each room
汽车旅馆
He stayed in a motel for one night and went on with his journey the next day.
他在一家汽车旅馆住了一夜，第二天又继续他的旅程。
hospitality
n. 1. [U] food, drink, and entertainment given to customers by a company or organization
（提供给客人的）食宿招待
The university generously offered the hospitality for some poor students.
这所大学慷慨为部分贫困学生提供食宿。
the hospitality industry
餐饮业
2. [U] welcoming behavior towards guests
好客
The natives are noted for their hospitality.
当地人以殷勤好客为名。
The host's hospitality impressed me.
主人的热情好客给我印象深刻。
giggle
n. [C] a laugh, esp. a nervous or silly one
咯咯地笑；傻笑
She broke into giggles.
10
大学英语——6单词
11
她突然咯咯地傻笑起来。
I could hear their giggles next door. 我可以听到他们在隔壁咯咯的笑声。
vi. laugh with repeated short sounds, esp. in a silly, nervous or excited way 咯咯地笑；傻笑
The girls were giggling in class. 女孩们在课堂上咯咯地笑。
My mistake set all of the students giggling. 我的错误把学生弄得咯咯直笑。
blush
n. [C] the act of becoming red in the face from shame or embarrassment （因羞愧、困窘）脸红
His remark brought a blush into the girl's cheeks. 他的话使这姑娘两颊红晕。
She was shy, as we can see from the blush on her face. 她很害羞，从她的脸发红我们就可以看得出来。
vi. become red in the face from shame or embarrassment （因羞愧、困窘）脸红
She blushed as red as a rose. 她脸红得像朵玫瑰花。
The little girl blushed with shyness before the stranger. 小女孩在生人面前羞得脸都红。
make one's way 1. go (to a place) 去，前往；前进
The two men made their way into the house. 这两个人走进了房子。
He made his way home after the meeting. 散会后他就回家了。
2. make progress, for example ， in one's life or career 取得成功；飞黄腾达
The small firm made its way against the large enterprise. 这家小公司在与大企业的竞争中取得成功。
If you want to make your way in life, you must work hard. 如果你想取得成功，就必须努力工作。
be packed with
be crowded with; be filled with 挤满
The classroom was packed with students. 教室里坐满了学生。
The stadium was packed with viewers. 运动场里挤满了观众。
in the context of
in the circumstances in which sth. happens or sth. is to be considered 在……环境下，鉴于
We should assess a person in the context of his time. 我们要联系一个人的时代来评价这个人。
In the context of the present situation, he suggests an early election. 鉴于目前的形势，他建议提前大选。
marvel at
be greatly surprised at 对……大为惊讶
I marveled at his rich imagination. 我对他丰富的想像力表示惊奇。
People from around the world marvel at the geysers and boiling mud holes in the Yellow Stone Park.
来自世界各地的人们来到黄石公园，对一柱柱间歇泉和一个个沸腾的泥浆洞惊叹不已。
put into perspective
give a proper sense of the relative importance of (sth.) 正确地观察（事物）；清楚地认识到
What happened later put into perspective the correctness of his forecast. 后来发生的事情使人们认识到他预言的正确性。
The accident put into perspective the importance of safety measures. 事故使人们认识到安全措施的重要性。
only to do sth
used for saying that what happens next is disappointing or unpleasant （用以表示随即发生的事令人吃惊或失望）反而，却
Yesterday I went to see him, only to learn that he had gone abroad two days before. 我昨天去看他，不料听说他两天前已经出国了。
We hurried to the station, only to find that the train had left. 我们匆忙赶到车站，却发现火车已经开走了。
stop over
break one's journey and stay at a place overnight or for some short time 中途停留
Laurie and I stopped over for a night to be with my mother. 劳瑞和我在我妈妈这儿停留过了一夜。
When we came back from California, we stopped over one night near the Grand Canyon.
我们从加州回来时，在大峡谷附近过了一夜。
step in
become involved in 干预；介入
She reminded us not to step in their affairs. 她提醒我们不要插手他们之间的事。
The government stepped in to limit car imports from other countries. 政府出面干预，限制从其他国家进口汽车。
Cheyenne Bottoms 夏延洼地
Quivira National Wildlife Refuge 基维拉国家野生动物保护地 Kansas 堪萨斯
The Nature Conservancy 自然保护组织
Edmund F. Martinez 埃德蒙·F.马丁内斯
U4-A An Encounter with Wolves
marshy
a. (of land) soft and wet 多沼泽的；沼泽般的；湿软的 We have to cross the marshy land. 我们须穿过沼泽地。
The marshy land provided a breeding place for the birds. 这片沼泽地为鸟类提供了繁殖地。
batch
n. 1. [C] a number of people or things as a group (人或物) 一批；一群，一组
There is a batch of letters to be answered. 有一批需要回复的信件。
The prisoners were released in batches. 囚犯被一批批地释放了。
2. [C] a quantity of material produced in or prepared for one operation 一次生产量（或投料量）
The first batch of bread was burnt. 第一炉面包烤焦了。
The second batch of sugar was better than the first. 第二批糖比第一批好。
stump
n. 1. [C] the base of a tree left after the trunk has been cut down 树桩，树墩
The country fellows usually used a stump as a table. 乡下人常用树墩作餐桌。
The explorers sat on stumps to have a rest. 探险者坐在树墩上休息。
2. [C] anything remaining after the main part has been cut or broken off 残余部分
the stump of a candle 蜡烛头
a pencil stump 铅笔头
timid
a. easily frightened; afraid 胆小的，胆怯的
That fellow is as timid as a rabbit. 那家伙胆小得像兔子。
The girl was timid about making a speech to such an audience for the first time. 那姑娘为第一次上台给这么多人讲话感到羞怯。
tentative
a. hesitant; done without confidence 犹豫的，踌躇不决的
I could only see a tentative smile on his face. 我只看到他勉强地笑了一下。
Each step he took was slightly tentative. 他走的每一步都有点迟疑不决。
tentatively
ad. hesitantly; uncertainly 犹豫地
The employee representatives made an offer tentatively to the employer in the hope of reaching a compromise.
职工代表试着向雇主提议，希望双方能达成妥协。 He entered the headmaster's office tentatively. 他犹豫地走进了校长的办公室。
scent
n. 1. [C] a smell as left by an animal （动物的）臭迹；遗臭
Halfway into the forest, the hunter lost the scent of the wolf. 追到森林中途，猎人失去了那头狼的踪迹。 The scent of the fox is strong. 狐狸的嗅迹很强烈。
2. [C] a smell, esp. a pleasant one 气味；香味
The scent of the rose was in the air. 空气中充满了玫瑰花的香味。
After the rain, the air was filled with a scent of green grass. 雨过后，空气里充满了野草的清香气味。 3. [U] perfume 香精，香水
The girls like to put some scent on their handkerchiefs. 姑娘们喜欢在她们的手绢上洒点香水。 a bottle of scent 一瓶香水
dart
vi. move suddenly and quickly 突进，急冲
The deer saw us and darted away. 那头鹿看见我们立刻飞奔而去。
She removed the cover of the box and out darted a mouse. 她揭开盒盖，从里面猛地窜出一只耗子。 vt. throw suddenly and quickly 急投
The hunters darted spears at the tiger. 猎人向老虎投掷梭镖。
She darted a look of suspicion at the stranger. 她向那个陌生人投去了怀疑的目光。
n. 1. (sing.) a sudden, rapid movement in a particular direction 急冲，突进
She made a dart for the door. 她向门口冲过去。
With a dart he escaped from the door. 他冲出房间，逃走了。
2. [C] a small pointed object to be thrown 镖，飞镖
belly
n. 1. [C] the soft lower part of an animal's body; the front part of one's body between their chest and their legs （人或动物的）肚子，腹部 He was stabbed on the belly. 他的腹部被刺了一刀。
creep along the ground on one's belly 在地上匍匐前进 2. [C] the stomach 胃
He had an awful ache in the belly. 他的胃疼得厉害。
He kept working with an empty belly.
他饿着肚子继续干活。
menace
v. threaten
威胁；恐吓
Floods menaced the valley towns with destruction.
洪水威胁着山谷城镇的安全。
Hurricanes periodically menace the Gulf Coast.
飓风定期威胁着海湾沿岸。
n. [C, U] a danger or threat
危险；威胁
The very existence of selfishness becomes a deadly menace to mankind.
自私自利对人类是个致命的威胁。
Their policy of aggression is a great menace to world peace.
他们的侵略政策对世界和平是个极大的威胁。
hike
vi. go for a long walk in the country, esp. for pleasure
远足；徒步旅行
The local people hike out to the historic spot on vacation.
当地人假期步行去游览那个历史古迹。
He hiked out to the reservoir.
他步行去水库。
edible
a. fit or suitable to be eaten
可食用的
Are those red mushrooms edible?
这些红色的蘑菇能吃吗？
During the adventures, they found some edible wild berries — enough to satisfy their hunger.
在探险中，他们找到一些可食用的野生浆果——足以果腹。
hoist
vt. raise or haul up, esp. using ropes
升起，吊起，提起
The sailors hoisted the cargo on board.
水手们把货物装到船上。
The sailors hoisted the flag and the ship was ready to start on a long voyage.
水手们升起旗子,轮船准备好出发远航。
glare
vi. 1. (at) stare fixedly and angrily
怒目而视
She glared at him saying nothing.
她默默地怒视着他。
They stood glaring at each other.
他们站着互相怒目而视。
2. shine intensely and blindingly
发强烈的光，耀眼
A hot sun glared down on the desert.
火热的太阳强烈照射在沙漠上。
The light glared from the bulb.
灯泡发出强烈的光。
toss
vt. (to) throw up into or through the air
投；掷；抛
He tossed a coin to the beggar.
他扔给那个乞丐一个铜板。
The children tossed the ball to each other.
孩子们把球互相抛来抛去。
chunk
n. [C] a thick piece or lump
厚块，大片
The hunter cut a big chunk of meat and tossed it to his dog.
猎人割下一大块肉扔给他的狗吃。
a chunk of cheese
一片奶酪
sniff
v. (at) draw air into the nose with a sound to discover the smell in or on
吸着气闻；嗅出
The dog was sniffing for food.
那条狗在嗅着找吃的。
sniff at the flowers
闻香花
vi. draw air in through the nose with a sound
以鼻吸气
She sniffed and tried not to weep.
她抽泣着，忍住不哭出声来。
The boy caught a cold and was sniffing.
那孩子感冒了，呼吸时鼻子呼哧呼哧的。
feast
vi. (on, upon) eat heartily; have a specially good meal (of)
尽情享受美食，大吃大喝
We feasted on coconuts.
我们吃椰子，大饱口福。
The birds are feasting on berries.
鸟儿正在饱餐浆果。
n. [C] a meal that is well prepared and abundantly enjoyed; a large, elaborate meal 盛宴，宴会
The chairman gave a feast in honour of the guests.
主席为客人举行了宴会。
sturdy
a. 1. strong and solid
结实的；强壮的
a sturdy oak tree
结实的橡树
He is short and sturdy.
他个子矮小，身体健壮。
2. unwilling to be defeated; determined
坚定的，坚强的
They maintained a sturdy opposition to the plan.
他们坚决反对这个计划。
He was a sturdy fighter for national independence.
他是一个为民族独立而斗争的坚强战士。
cute
a. 1. (esp. of sth. or s
b. small) attractive in an amusing or interesting way
漂亮的，可爱的
a cute girl
一位娇小可爱的姑娘
a cute wooden house
一座小巧玲珑的木屋
2. shrewd or clever, often in a somewhat devious way
机灵的；精明的
He is a cute businessman.
他是个精明的商人。
muscular
a. having well-developed muscles
强壮的，肌肉发达的
He is big and muscular.
他身材高大，体格强壮。
a muscular arm
肌肉发达的手臂
wedge
vt. force into a narrow or limited space
把……挤入
He wedged himself through the narrow window.
他从狭窄的窗户中挤了过去。
He managed to wedge a bag into a corner of the suitcase.
他把一只包塞进手提箱的一角。
slot
n. [C] a narrow opening, esp. in a machine or tool
狭槽，狭孔
a slot for coins in a vending machine
自动售货机上的投币口
If you put a coin in the slot of this machine, stamps come out of another slot.
如果你把硬币放进这台机器的一个投币口，邮票就会从另一个口里出来。
thrill
n. [C] a sudden strong feeling of excitement, joy, or sometimes fear
一阵激动（狂喜、恐惧等）
It gave me a thrill to know that I had passed the examination.
我得知考试及格后很兴奋。
At first it was a great thrill, but it soon wore off.
起初这是一个令人激动的事,不久这种激动就淡了。
v. (cause to) feel a sudden intense sensation
（使）感到一阵激动（狂喜、恐惧等）
The traveler thrilled us with his stories.
这位旅行者的经历使我们惊骇不已。
The film star thrilled the audience.
这位影星把观众的情绪激发起来了。
bizarre
a. noticeably odd or strange
奇异的；怪异的
bizarre clothing
奇装异服
The story has a certain bizarre interest.
这个故事听起来别有风趣。
meadow
n. [C] a tract of grassland, either in its natural state or used as pasture or for growing hay
草地
marshy meadow
沼泽草地
juvenile
n. 1. [C] a young animal that has not reached sexual maturity
幼雏，幼小动物
2. [C] a young person
少年
clan
n. 1. [C] a large family or group of animals
大家族；一群动物
a clan of wolves
一个狼群
2. [C] a large family group, claiming a common ancestor and all usu. having the
same family name
宗族，部族
the Campell clan
坎贝儿氏族
queer
a. strange; unusual
异常的；奇怪的
He acted in a queer way.
他行为古怪。
The old man often has queer ideas.
这位老人常有古怪的想法。
luminous
a. emitting light, esp. self-generated light
发光的，放光的
This is a luminous watch.
这是一只夜光表。
The sun and stars are luminous bodies.
太阳和恒星是发光体。
ballet
n. [C] a classical dance form characterized by grace and precision of movement and elaborate formal technique
芭蕾舞
Tchaikovsky wrote several famous ballets.
柴可夫斯基创作过几部著名的芭蕾舞曲。
She is a famous ballet dancer.
她是著名的芭蕾舞演员。
flank
n. [C] the side of a person or animal between the last rib and the hip
胁，胁腹；侧面
crisp
a. 1. (of air) cold, dry and fresh
清爽的；干燥的
crisp mountain air
清爽的山间空气
a crisp fall day
一个凉爽的秋天
2. firm but easily broken; brittle
12
大学英语——6单词
13
脆的；易碎的
crisp potato chips 松脆土豆片
The glass is crisp. 玻璃易碎。
prospect for search for 寻找；勘探
They prospected for oil in the desert. 他们在沙漠中勘探石油。
The scientists are prospecting this wetland area for mineral resources. 科学家正在勘探这片湿地寻找资源。
emerge from come into view from 出现；浮现
The sun emerged from behind the clouds. 太阳从云层后面露出来。
The doctor emerged from the operation room. 医生从手术室里出来了。
happen along
arrive or appear unexpectedly and by chance 碰巧来到；恰好出现
One of my old neighbours happened along while I was waiting for the bus. 我在等公共汽车的时候，我的一个老邻居碰巧来了。 My brother happened along right that minute. 我兄弟正好就在那时来到。
break into
suddenly burst into 突然发出
The crowd broke into cheers. 观众们爆发出一阵欢呼。
She broke into fluent English. 她突然讲起流利的英语。
U4-B From One Extreme to the Other
sulfur (also sulphur)
n. [U] a pale yellow nonmetallic element with a distinctive, unpleasant smell 硫磺
pact
n. [C] an agreement between two or more people or organizations in which they promise to do sth. 协定，协议，条约
a non-aggression pact 互不侵犯条约
They made a pact not to tell anyone. 他们有协定，不告诉任何人。
skeleton
n. 1. [C] the set of bones that supports a human or animal body, or a model of this 骨骼，骨架
the skeleton of a dinosaur 恐龙的骨骼
A long illness made a skeleton out of him. 长期的患病使他骨瘦如柴。
2. [C] framework of a building, plan or theory 骨架；纲要
I have written the skeleton of my report. 我已经写了报告的概要。
Her notes give us just the bare skeleton of her theory. 她的笔记只给我们提供了她的理论梗概。
stray
vi. wander from the right path or one's companion(s) or beyond proper limits; lose one's way 走失；迷路
She strayed from the road and got lost. 她走离了正路，迷途了。 Don't stray from the point. 不要离题乱扯。
quart
n. [C] a measure of capacity equal to two pints or about 1.14 liters 夸脱（容量单位，约等于2品脱或1.14公升）
snack
vi. (on) eat between meals 吃小食
I prefer to snack when I am traveling. 我旅游时喜欢吃小吃。 snack on sandwiches 吃点三明治当点心
n. [C] sth. eaten informally between meals （正餐以外的）小吃，小食
The children have a mid-morning snack of milk and biscuits. 孩子们在早餐和午餐之间有牛奶和饼干作点心。 I only had time for some snack. 我只有时间吃点小食。
peanut
n. [C] a nut which grows in a shell under the ground, and can be eaten 花生
peanut oil 花生油
mercury
n. [U] heavy, silver-colored metal, usu. found in liquid form, and used in thermometers and barometers 水银, 汞
The mercury had fallen rapidly by morning. 早晨气温急剧下降.
The mercury stood at nearly 90℃. 温度将近九十度。
underestimate
vt. form too low an estimate of 低估，对……作过低的评价 Don't underestimate his strength. He has some influential friends in the government. 不要太低估他的实力。他在政府有一些有影响的朋友。
The fact that we underestimated our opponent led to our bitter defeat. 我们太低估了对手，结果造成了这次惨败。
humidity
n. [U] dampness, esp. of the air 湿度
ambient humidity 环境湿度
atmospheric humidity 大气湿度
nil
n. [U] nothing; zero 无；零
three goals to nil 三比零
The new machine reduced labor costs to almost nil. 新机器几乎把劳动成本降为零。
surpass
vt. go beyond, as in amount, quality or degree; exceed （在数量、质量或程度上）超过，胜过 The result surpassed their hopes. 结果比他们所期望的要好。 The task surpassed his skill. 这工作非他的技术所能胜任。
radiate
vi. (from) (of light or heat) be emitted in rays （光或热）辐射；发散
Heat radiated from the stove. 炉子散发热量。
vt. send out (light, heat, etc.) 发射（光、热等）
The electric heater radiated warmth. 电炉散发温暖。
The sun radiates light and heat. 太阳发出光和热。
dissipate
v. (cause to) disappear or scatter 驱散；（使）消散
The wind finally dissipated the smoke. 风最终驱散了烟雾。
The dark clouds finally dissipated. 乌云最后消散了。
muddy
a. full of or covered with mud 沾满泥的，泥泞的
muddy footprints left on the door 地板上留下的泥脚印
When it rains the ground becomes very muddy. 下雨时，地面变得很泥泞。
weird
a. strange; unnatural; mysterious 古怪的，离奇的；怪诞的
I had a weird dream last night. 昨天晚上我做了个奇怪的梦。
She always has some weird ideas. 她脑子中总是有一些怪诞的念头。
stumble
v. (须与on/upon 连用) find unexpectedly or by accident 偶然发现
I stumbled on the book when I was browsing a second-hand book market. 我在逛旧书市场时偶然发现了这本书。
Wherever I went, I stumbled upon people talking about the issue. 我走到哪里，都听到人们在谈论这件事。
endurance
n. [U] the ability to endure （忍）耐力
Long-distance runners need great endurance. 长跑运动员需要有很大的耐力。
Now I have run out of my endurance. 我现在真是忍无可忍了。
gloomy
a. 1. having or giving little hope or cheerfulness; depressing 令人沮丧的，忧郁的
He always takes a gloomy view of his future. 他对前途总是悲观。
A gloomy mood hounded him all the week. 忧郁的心情困扰了他一周。
2. almost dark, esp. in an unpleasant way 幽暗的，阴暗的
a damp, gloomy day 潮湿而阴郁的一天 gloomy skies 阴沉的天空
gamble
v. 1. take a chance; engage in risky behavior 碰运气，冒险
You are gambling with your health by continuing to smoke. 你一直抽烟是把自己的健康当赌注。
You shouldn't gamble with your future. 你不应该拿你的前途作赌注。
2. play games of chance for money; take great risks for the chance of winning sth. or making a profit 赌博，投机
He spent all his time gambling in the casino. 他把时间都花在赌场里了。
He gambled all his winnings on the last race. 他把赢得的钱全压在最后一场赛马上了。 n. (sing.) a risky matter or act 冒险；担风险的事
It's a bit of gamble to invest in that business that stock prices would rise.
投资那桩生意是件担风险的事。
a military gamble
军事冒险
terrain
n. [C, U] a stretch of land, esp. with regard to its natural features
地形，地貌；地带
The guide climbed a tree to view the surrounding terrain.
向导爬上一棵树来察看周围的地形。
The commander had made a detailed study of the terrain.
指挥官对地形作了缜密的勘察。
litter
vt. 1. (with) make (a place) untidy with scattered rubbish or sth. similar
乱丢东西于……；使……一片凌乱
His room is always littered with everything, in the utmost confusion.
他的房间里扔得到处都是东西，一片狼籍。
Selfish picnickers litter the beach with food wrappers.
自私的野餐者乱扔食品包装纸，使海滩杂乱不堪。
n. [U] discarded rubbish; an untidy accumulation of objects
杂物；垃圾
Pick up your litter after camp.
宿营之后把你们丢下的垃圾拣起来。
They left behind litter after the picnic.
他们野餐后，留下一片垃圾。
quartz
n. [U] a hard mineral composed of silica
石英
quartz clock
石英钟
quartz glass
石英玻璃
stranded
a. left in a difficult position, esp. alone among dangers and unable to get away
处于困境的
The stranded travelers searched for shelter.
陷入困境的旅行者在寻找栖身之地。
The stranded migrants found themselves in a town without money or friends.
陷入困境的移民来到一个城镇，他们既没有钱, 也没有朋友。
rim
n. [C] the edge, border or margin, esp. of sth. circular
边缘，外缘
a pattern round the rim of a plate
盘子边缘的图案
The traveler stood on the canyon's rim to overlook the scene.
游客站在峡谷的边缘俯瞰下面的景色。
terrify
vt. fill with fear
使恐怖，惊吓
The animals were terrified by the storm.
动物被风暴吓坏了。
He was terrified out of his senses at the moving object in the dark.
他被那黑暗中移动的物体吓得魂不附体。
thorn
n. [C] a sharp-pointed growth on a plant, often on the stem
刺，棘
There's no rose without a thorn.
玫瑰皆有刺(快乐之中有痛苦)。
The thorns on the roses scratched her hands.
玫瑰上的刺划伤了她的手。
swap (also swop)
v. (round, over, for, with) exchange (goods or positions)
交换（商品或位置）
She swapped our chairs, so I had hers and she had mine.
她把我们俩的椅子对调了，因此我坐的是她的，她坐的是我的。
Will you swap your knife for this pen?
你愿意用刀子换我这支笔吗？
skip
vi. jump lightly and quickly
轻快地跳跃
skip over obstacles
跳过障碍物
a child skipping along the road
沿路蹦蹦跳跳的小孩
v. pass over or leave out
略过；遗漏
A newspaper reader can select what he is interested in and skip what he thinks is boring or irrelevant.
报纸读者可以选择自己感兴趣的新闻,略过自己认为是枯燥的或无关的消息。
I skipped lunch and went shopping instead.
我没吃午饭而就去买东西了。
zinc
n. [U] hard, bluish-white metal used in alloys and in coating iron sheets to give protection against rust
锌
intermittent
a. stopping and starting at intervals; not continuous
间歇的；断断续续的
This is an intermittent spring.
这是一个间歇泉。
The lighthouse gave off intermittent flashes of light.
灯塔发出一闪一闪的光。
cluster
n. [C] a number of things of the same kind growing closely together
丛；簇；束；串
a cluster of flowers
一簇花
ivy growing in thick clusters
成丛生长的常春藤
jog
vi. run at a slow, usu. steady pace
慢跑
Many old people go jogging in the park in the early morning.
大清早许多老年人到公园去慢跑。
He goes jogging every evening.
他每天晚上都慢跑。
push on
continue one's journey or march, advance
前进；继续旅程
The ship pushed on across the rough sea.
船在波涛汹涌的大海中向前行进。
After a short rest the travelers pushed on towards the coast.
短暂休息后，游客继续向海边前进。
attend to
look after; apply one's energy to; deal with
注意；照顾；处理
Don't worry; everything will be attended to in good time.
别着急，一切都会及时办理好的。
He foolishly left an inexperienced young assistant to attend to some very important customers.
他很蠢地留了一个没有经验的年轻店员来招呼一些很重要的客户。
feed on
take as food
以……为食
The gas turbine feeds on the fuel it pumps.
这台燃气轮机以它抽入的燃料为能源。
Pigs feed on just about everything.
猪几乎什么都吃。
well up
rise, like water in a well
涌出；涌现
Water wells up from a spring beneath a rock.
水从石下泉中涌出。
Anger welled up in me.
愤怒在我心中产生。
drop away
1. slope abruptly downward; fall away
突然低下；变陡峭
The cliff dropped away at his feet.
他脚下的悬崖一下子变得陡峭起来。
The land dropped steeply away into a small valley.
地面突然陡峭下去，延伸到了一个小山谷。
2. become weaker or smaller in amount
逐渐减少，逐渐下降
In autumn and winter the number of tourists to this summer resort will drop away.
秋冬两季到这个避暑胜地的游客数量逐渐减少了。
Support for him has been dropped away.
对他的支持在下降。
Death Valley
死亡谷（位于美国西南部，是世界最低和最干旱地区之一）
Mount Whitney
惠特尼山（美国加利福尼亚州东部）
U5-A A Revolution in Biology
resemblance
n. [C, U] likeness, similarity, esp. in appearance
类似，相似
The resemblance between Susan and her sister was remarkable.
苏珊和她的妹妹长得很像。
What happens in the film bears little resemblance to what actually happened.
电影里讲的故事跟实际上发生的事不一样。
diagnose
vt. 1. find out what illness one has after doing tests, examinations, etc.
诊断(疾病)
If cancer is diagnosed in its early stages, it can be cured.
癌症如果在早期诊断出来，是可以治愈的。
The doctor diagnosed the illness of the baby as pneumonia.
医生把小儿的病诊断为肺炎。
2. find out the cause of (a mechanical fault, problem)
探查（机械故障、问题的）原因
The teacher diagnosed the boy's reading difficulties.
老师找出那孩子阅读困难的原因。
The engineer was diagnosing the fault in the engine.
工程师在查找发动机的毛病。
prescription
n. 1. [C] a doctor's instruction (usu. written) for the composition and use of medicine 处方，药方
The doctor wrote me a prescription for my cough.
医生给我开了一个治咳嗽的处方。
We are trying to cut the price of prescription drugs.
我们在试图降低处方药的价格。
2. [C] a particular medicine or treatment ordered by a doctor for a sick person
药；治疗方法
The chemist made a mistake when making up the prescription.
药剂师在配药时出了错。
The prescriptions for a happy marriage are similar.
幸福婚姻的秘诀都是相似的。
staircase
n. [C] a set of stairs with its supports and side parts for holding on to
楼梯
The five-foot-wide staircase led to the rooms above.
五英尺宽的楼梯通往楼上的房间。
She struggled up the spiral staircase and made for the bathroom.
她吃力地走上螺旋梯，朝浴室方向走去。
synthesis
n. 1. [U] the act of making a chemical or biological substance
综合，合成
synthesis of proteins
蛋白质的合成
A production line is used for the synthesis of useful chemicals in this pharmaceutical
factory.
这家制药厂用生产线来合成有用的化学物质。
2. [C, U] sth. that has been made by combining different things
综合体，综合物
Their beliefs are a synthesis of Eastern and Western philosophical ideas.
他们的信仰是东西方哲学思想的综合体。
The new method is a synthesis of the best features of the old methods.
14
大学英语——6单词
15
新方法是综合旧方法的长处而成的。
immerse
vt. 1. (in) engage wholly or deeply; absorb 使深陷于，使专心于
He was immersed in a story book. 他专心致志地看故事书。
They visited pubs all over the country, immersing themselves in pub culture. 他们参观全国各地的酒吧，沉迷于酒吧文化中。 2. (in) cover completely in a liquid; submerge 使完全浸没；使淹没
immerse one's head in the water 将头浸入水中
Immerse your foot in ice cold water to reduce the swelling. 把脚浸泡在冰凉的水中，以缓解肿胀。
genome
n. [C] all the genes in one cell of an organism 基因组，染色体组
Billions of dollars will have been poured into the human genome project. 数十亿美元资金将会花在人类基因组项目上。
For the last 20 years researchers have been able to calculate genome sizes and mutation rates.
在过去的20年里，研究人员计算出了基因组的数量和突变速度。
compile
vt. make (a book, a report, etc.) using different pieces of information 编辑；编纂；汇编
The book was compiled by a panel of experts, working in collaboration with the publisher.
这本书是由一个专家组与出版社合作编写的。
They are compiling a dictionary of new words. 他们正在编写一本新词词典。
atlas
n. 1. [C] a book of charts 图表集
The scientist signed the contract to produce his atlas in 1930. 这位科学家1930年签订了制作其图表集的合同。
In dismay he realized that the atlas was under inspection. 他惊恐地发现这个图表集在被审查。 2. [C] a book of maps 地图册
Road atlas programs will map out the route between two cities. 公路地图册将绘出两个城市间的路线。
She had the travel atlas, and she was showing Mike where she planned to go. 她有一本旅游地图册，正拿出来给麦克看她计划要去的地方。
silicon
n. [U] a nonmetallic element 硅
silicon chip 硅片
Silicon is widely used in the manufacture of glass. 硅广泛用在玻璃制造中。
pirate
n. 1. [C] one who makes use of or reproduces the work of another without authorization
剽窃者，侵犯版权者 computer game pirates 电脑游戏版权侵犯者 film pirates 电影版权侵犯者
2. [C] sb. who sails on the seas, attacking other boats and stealing things from them 海盗
When the storm came, more pirates were starting to leave the ship. 暴风雨到来时，更多的海盗开始离开船只。
Terror-stricken, the pirates ordered everybody to go on board. 惶恐之中，海盗命令大家上船。
vt. illegally copy and sell another person's work such as book, video, or computer program
剽窃；非法翻印
Computer software is often pirated. 电脑软件常被盗用。
Most of the ideas in this paper are pirated. 文章中的思想大都是剽窃来的。
susceptible
a. 1. (to) likely to suffer from a particular illness or be affected by a particular problem
易感染上（疾病）的; 易受（问题）影响的
Older people and young children are susceptible to colds. 老年人和小孩易患感冒。
Vitamin C will make you less susceptible to infections. 维生素C 能够使你不那么轻易染病。 2. (to) easily influenced by sb. or sth. 易受影响的
She was very susceptible to flattery. 她容易接受奉承。
A lot of TV advertising is aimed at susceptible young children. 很多电视广告针对易受影响的小孩。
notwithstanding prep. (fml.) in spite of 虽然，尽管
Notwithstanding his objections ，the wedding took place. 尽管他有异议，婚礼还是进行了。
Notwithstanding the end of the war, the world is still a dangerous place. 尽管战争已结束，世界依然危险。
ad. (fml.) in spite of this; nevertheless 尽管如此; 仍然
We decided to have a try, notwithstanding. 尽管如此，我们还是决定试一试。
Donna won fame and fortune, notwithstanding, she never forgot her hometown. 多娜名利双收，尽管如此，她从未忘记自己的故乡。
perfection
n. 1.[U] the state of being perfect 完美，无暇
She saw perfection in his face and his soul.
从他的脸上和他的灵魂中，她认识到了什么是完美。 My father expected perfection from all of us. 父亲期望我们都十全十美。
2.[U] person or thing considered to be the best possible 完美的人或事
Her performance was pure perfection. 她的表演完美无缺。
She is the image of perfection. 她是完美的化身。
3. [U] the act or process of making sth. perfect 使完美的行为或过程
Perfection of the invention took years. 完善一项发明需要很多年。
He worked hard at the perfection of his technique. 他为完善他的技术而努力。
commonplace
a. happening or existing in many places, and therefore not special or unusual 到处可见的，寻常的
It is believed that it will be commonplace for people to travel to the moon. 人们相信, 不用多久, 到月球旅行会很常见。
Pirating used to be commonplace in this country. 在这个国家，非法翻印曾经是司空见惯的。
n. [C] (usu. sing.) sth. that happens or exists in many places, so that it is not unusual 平常的或普通的事
Air travel is a commonplace nowadays. 现在坐飞机是平常事。
interim
n. [U] the period of time between two events, processes, etc. 间歇，过渡期间
Your new job starts in May. What are you going to do in the interim? 你的新工作5月开始，这期间你打算干什么呢？
Peter left school and intended to find a job, but in the interim, he decided to take a trip around the country.
彼得离开了学校，准备找一份工作，但在此期间，他决定周游全国。
a. intended to be used or accepted for a short time only, until sth. or s
b. final can be made or found 过渡期间的，临时的 an interim agreement 临时协议
an interim government 临时政府
disposition
n. 1. (sing.) a tendency to behave in a particular way 倾向
Neither side shows the slightest disposition to compromise. 双方都没有丝毫妥协的倾向。
Most children have a disposition towards obedience. 多数孩子都习惯于服从。
2. [C] (usu. sing.) a particular type of character which makes sb. likely to behave or react in a certain way 秉性，脾气，性情
Her cheerful disposition and sympathy made her popular. 她乐观的性情和同情心使她很受欢迎。
She has an unstable disposition, and therefore difficult to get along. 她性情不稳定, 因此很难相处。
3. [C] (usu. sing.) the position or arrangement of sth. in a particular place 排列，布置
a map showing the disposition of American armed forces 一张美国武装力量分布图
A defector revealed the disposition of the enemy fleet. 一个叛变者透露了敌方
ward
v. (须与 off 连用) guard against; protect (sb./sth.) from; prevent (sth. bad) 避免，防止
No official bodies have been able to ward off the sinister threat. 没有任何官方机构能够阻止这种可怕的威胁。
They became bossy, uncooperative, and hostile in their efforts to ward off depression.
为了避免陷入沮丧，他们变得盛气凌人、不肯合作、情绪敌对。
n. 1. [C] a room in a hospital for people needing medical treatment 病房
The young nurse only took care of one ward on her first day. 年轻护士第一天只照料一个病房。
The patients in the ward are well taken care of. 病房里的病人得到很好的照料。 2. [C] a division of a city or town 选区，（城市的）行政区
You must win the support of the majority to change the ward policy. 要改变选区的政策，你必须得到多数人的支持。
There are three candidates standing for election in this ward. 这个区有三名候选人参加竞选。
latent
a. present but not yet evident or active 潜伏的；潜在的；不易察觉的
Almost everybody could sense the danger of a latent aggression. 几乎每个人都能感觉到潜在的侵略危险。
The virus has been latent in the body for many years. 这种病毒已在体内潜伏了很多年。
cholesterol
n. [U] a substance found in all cells of the body, which helps to carry fats, and too much of which is thought to be bad for the arteries 胆固醇
Low in fat, rich in minerals and fibre, the raisin contains virtually no fear-inducing cholesterol.
这种葡萄干脂肪含量低，矿物质和纤维素丰富，基本上不含令人害怕的胆固醇。
Few patients have their cholesterol decreased to very low levels with drug treatment. 很少有病人靠药物治疗而使胆固醇降到非常低的水平。
artery
n. 1. [C] one of the tubes that carry blood away from the heart to the rest of the body 动脉
The study shows that laughter may help influence heart and artery disease. 研究表明大笑可能会影响心脏和动脉疾病。
Garlic can prevent heart attacks by stopping cholesterol from blocking arteries. 蒜可以通过防止胆固醇阻塞动脉，而避免心脏病发作。
2. [C] a major route of transportation, esp. one into which local routes flow 干线
The railway is an artery connecting the southern and the northern provinces of the country.
这条铁路是连接这个国家南北省份的主干线。
notation
n. 1. [C] an explanatory note; an annotation
注释
If any links are necessary between the two events, some notations must be introduced.
如果使这两件事相互关联，需要加一些注释。
If there are any terms you don't understand, please refer to the notations at the end of the chapter.
如果有术语不理解，请查阅本章后面的注释。
2. [C, U] a system of written marks or signs used to represent sth. such as music, mathematics, or scientific ideas
记号, 符号
musical notations
音乐符号
mathematical notations
数学符号
spine
n. [C] the row of bones along the back of humans and some animals; backbone
脊椎，脊柱
For months he had hung between life and death, with a bullet in his spine.
由于脊椎骨中弹，他在生与死中徘徊了几个月。
An operation is needed to treat her twisted spine.
需要动手术矫正她弯曲的脊椎骨。
sue
v. 1. (for) make a legal claim (against)
提出诉讼，控告
Miss James could not afford to sue.
詹姆斯小姐担负不起诉讼费用。
She was suing doctors for negligence over the loss of her child.
她在起诉医生，因为他们的疏忽使她失去了孩子。
2. (for) ask (for)
请求，要求
sue for peace
请求和平
sue for a divorce
请求离婚
heir
n. [C] a person with the legal right to receive the property or title of another person when the person dies
继承者；继承人
She is heir to her mother's beauty and her father's wisdom.
她继承了母亲的美丽和父亲的智慧。
Richard was the only heir to his father's property, as he had no brothers or sisters. 理查德是他父亲财产的惟一继承人，因为他没有兄弟姐妹。
resultant
a. (fml.) happening or existing as a consequence or result
作为结果发生的, 因……而产生的
He worked hard and deserved his resultant success.
他努力工作，理所当然地取得了相应的成功。
She hasn't forgot the attack and the resultant injuries.
她还没有忘记那次袭击及由此所受的伤。
preclude
vt. prevent sth. or make sth. impossible
避免，阻止
To preclude misunderstanding, he gave a detailed explanation.
为了避免误解，他做了详细解释。
The flood precluded him from coming.
他因洪水不能来了。
refute
vt. prove that a statement or idea is not correct
驳斥；反驳
Some attempts have been made to refute Darwin's theories.
已有人试图驳倒达尔文的理论。
I knew that he was lying but I had no evidence with which to refute his story.
我知道他在说谎，但没有证据来反驳他的话。
plausible
a. 1. seemingly or apparently reasonable, likely, or acceptable
似乎有道理的，可能的，可以接受的
His story certainly sounds plausible.
他的故事听起来当然是合乎情理的。
This is a plausible explanation.
这个解释有道理。
2. (of a person) skilled in producing a statement that seems reasonable, but which may not be true
花言巧语的，能说会道的
She was so plausible. She would have deceived anyone.
她能说会道，把谁都能骗倒。
All I want to say is that you are a plausible liar.
我想说的是，你是一个花言巧语的骗子。
premise
n. 1. [C] a proposition upon which an argument is based
前提，假定
The idea that there is life on other planets is the premise of the novel.
其他行星上存在生命是整个小说的前提。
The premise is that an accused person is innocent until they are proved guilty.
前提是, 被告在被证明有罪之前是无罪的。
2. (pl.) a building with any surrounding land
建筑物及其周围所属土地
Schools may earn extra money by renting out their premises.
学校可以把房子租出去来挣一些额外的钱。
correlate
v. (with) (show to) have a close shared relationship or connection of cause and effect 使相互关联；（显示）有相互关系
Poverty correlates closely with a shorter life expectancy.
贫穷与较短的预期寿命密切相关。
We should correlate the theory with the practice.
我们应该把理论与实践联系起来。
turn out (to be)
prove to be in the end; be revealed as
结果是
Things turned out to be exactly as we had expected.
事情结果正如我们所预料的那样。
The well planned party turned out to be a failure.
经过精心策划的晚会结果是个失败。
spell out
explain in the plainest or most detailed way
讲清楚，详细地说明
You have to spell out every detail of the document.
你必须把文件的详细内容说清楚。
The document spelt out the objectives of the project.
文件详细说明了该项目的目的。
nothing less than
at the very least
至少，不少于, 不亚于
They will be satisfied with nothing less than a detailed explanation.
不作详细的解释他们是不会满意的。
His appearance in the show was nothing less than a sensation.
他在演出中的出现至少可以引起一场轰动。
tear apart
destroy, divide utterly
拆毁，拆开
He tore apart a computer chip to steal the secrets.
他拆开电脑芯片想盗取秘密。
Nothing can tear them apart after overcoming so many difficulties together.
一起战胜这么多困难之后，什么也无法把他们分开。
build up
increase, develop
增多，形成
I am building up my endurance for the marathon.
我正在为跑马拉松赛增强自己的耐力。
Building up vocabulary is a gradual and long process.
扩大词汇量是个渐进的长期的过程。
bring on
cause or result in (a usu. undesirable condition or situation)
引起，导致
Working out in the rain for a long time may bring on a fever.
在雨中工作很长时间可能使人发烧。
I've got no sympathy for him — he's brought the trouble on himself!
我对他毫不同情，因为他是自找麻烦。
back down
withdraw from a position, opinion, etc.; yield in an argument, etc.
屈服，让步
They refused to back down.
他们拒绝让步。
People with a strong will will never back down in front of difficulties.
意志力强的人从不在困难面前退缩。
among other things
used when one is mentioning one or more things out of a larger number
除别的以外，包括
She has to do the cleaning, the shopping, the cooking, and the washing, among other things.
除别的以外，她还得打扫卫生、购物、做饭、洗衣服等。
I want to buy a hat and a pair of boots, among other things.
除了别的东西，我想买一顶帽子和一双皮靴。
nothing more than
merely; no better than
不过，不强于，不多于
What he felt then was nothing more than an illusion.
他当时所感觉到的只不过是一种幻觉罢了。
He said nothing more than good-bye before he left.
离开时他只说了一声再见。
Francis Collins
弗朗西斯·柯林斯
W. French Anderson
W．弗伦奇·安德森
Human Genome Project
人类基因组工程
Silicon Valley
硅谷（美国主要微电子公司所在地）
Bill Clinton
比尔·克林顿（1946 —，美国第42任总统）
Nature
《自然》（杂志名）
U5-B The New Age of Genetic Engineering
compatible
a. 1. (with) able to exist together, live together, or be used together or with (another
thing)
能够共存的，相容的，协调的
The two kinds of drugs are not compatible and should not be taken together.
这两种药互相排斥，不能一起服用。
Their marriage came to an end because they were simply not compatible with each other.
他们俩简直无法和睦相处，所以就离婚了。
transplant
vt. transfer (tissue or an organ) to another part of the body or to another body
移植（组织或器官）
Will it be possible someday to transplant animal organs into people without causing problems?
有朝一日可能将动物器官移植人体内而不出问题吗？
One of the father's kidneys was transplanted into his daughter.
父亲的一个肾移植到了女儿的体内。
n. 1. [C, U] the act or operation of transplanting
移植（手术）
a heart transplant
心脏移植手术
a bone marrow transplant
骨髓移植手术
2. [C] the organ, piece of skin, etc. that is transplanted in such an operation; sth.
transplanted
移植的器官，移植物
For 17 years, 52-year-old Anthony waited in vain for a kidney transplant.
52岁的安东尼等了17年也没有等到能够移植的肾。
16
大学英语——6单词
17
The treatment was first tested on patients who received transplants of bone marrow. 这种治疗方法首先在接受了骨髓移植的病人身上做试验。
commence v. (fml.) begin, start 开始；起动
Your first evaluation will be six months after you commence employment. 首次评估在开始工作六个月之后。
The course commences with a one-week introduction to Art Theory. 本课程开始的第一个星期介绍艺术理论。
syndrome
n. [C] a set of medical symptoms which represent a disease 综合征；综合症状
acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) 获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病） chronic fatigue syndrome 慢性疲劳综合症
rein
v. 1. (须与 in 连用) restrain or control 抑制，控制
The government is reining in public expenditure. 政府正在控制公共开支。
You should learn to rein in your temper. 你应该学会控制你的脾气。
2. (须与 in 连用) control (a horse, etc.) with reins 用缰绳驾驭马匹
He reined in the horse as he was approaching the town. 快到市区的时候，他使马慢了下来。
n. 1. [C] a long narrow strap used to guide or check a horse; a similar device used to restrain a young child 缰绳；安全绳套
You must hold the reins tightly, or the horse will run away. 要紧紧抓住缰绳，否则马就会跑掉。
The mother had to put reins on the toddler. 妈妈给学步的孩子系上了安全绳。
2. (pl.) a means or position of control 控制手段；控制地位
I have been asked to take the reins while the manager is on holiday. 经理休假期间，我被要求代理主管人职权。 assume the reins of power 开始执政
sober
a. 1. serious, thoughtful 审慎的；严肃的；冷静的
My brother is a sober, hard-working young man. 我弟弟是个严肃审慎、勤奋努力的年轻人。 a sober-looking man in a grey suit 一个一脸严肃、穿着灰色套装的人 2. not drunk
清醒的；未喝醉的
He's a nice guy when he's sober. 他清醒的时候，是个不错的人。
I'll drive you home — I think I'm the only one here that's sober. 我开车送你们回家，我想我是惟一没有喝醉的人。
veto
vt. refuse to allow (sth.) to happen ；refuse to accept (a particular plan or suggestion) 否决，禁止；不接受（计划或建议）
Jenny wanted to invite all her friends, but I quickly vetoed that idea. 詹妮想邀请她所有的朋友，但我不允许。 The committee vetoed the decision. 委员会否决这项决定。
n. [C, U] a refusal to give permission for sth. 否决；禁止
The two institutions would have absolute veto rights over each other. 两个机构互相有绝对否决权。
The president's veto blocked the program from progressing. 总统的否决阻碍了项目的进程。
minimal
a. smallest in amount or degree 最小的；极少的
The storm caused only minimal damage to crops. 暴风雨对庄稼损害极小。
The cost to taxpayers would be minimal. 纳税人的费用极小。
compensate
v. provide with a suitable payment for some loss, damage, etc. 赔偿，补偿
The firm will compensate workers for their loss of earnings. 公司将对工人的收入损失予以补偿。
People are entitled to be compensated fully whenever they are injured by others' carelessness.
由于别人的粗心而受伤的人都有权得到全额补偿。
vi. (for) act as a balance (for); remove the bad effect (of) 抵消；弥补
No amount of money can compensate for my father's death. 我父亲的死不论多少钱也不能弥补。
Her intelligence more than compensates for her lack of experience. 她的聪明完全可以弥补她的经验不足。
adjoining a. neighboring 相邻的；毗连的
We heard laughter in the adjoining room. 我们听到邻屋的笑声。
She married a young man in the adjoining village. 她与邻村的一个年轻人结了婚。
prospective
a. likely or expected to happen 预期的；未来的
He showed the house to a prospective buyer. 他带领一个可能买房的人看房子。 prospective changes in the law 法律上将进行的一些修改
suppress
vt. 1. prevent from appearing 抑制
Harry could scarcely suppress a smile. 哈利几乎抑制不住他的微笑。
She had to suppress her feelings for George throughout all these years. 在这些年里，她不得不压制对乔治的感情。 2. put an end to forcibly; subdue 镇压；制服
The uprising was ruthlessly suppressed. 起义被残酷地镇压了。
suppress the opposing party 压制反对党
inhibit
vt. 1. prevent sth. from growing or developing well 抑制；阻止
The medicine inhibited the spread of the disease. 药品抑制了疾病的传播。
An unhappy family life may inhibit the children's learning. 不幸福的家庭生活可能会妨碍孩子的学习。 2. make sb. feel embarrassed or nervous 使（某人）拘谨
His presence inhibits me. 他的出席使我感到拘束。
mutation
n. [C, U] a sudden structural change within a gene or chromosome of an organism resulting in the creation of a new character or trait not found in the parental type 突变
The mutation rate remains high. 突变率很高。
Previously, mutations have been linked to incurable diseases. 以前突变被认为与不治之症有关。
complexion
n. 1. [C] the natural color, texture, and appearance of the skin, esp. of the face 面色；肤色
She has a fair complexion and blonde hair. 她皮肤白皙，满头金发。
Drinking lots of water is good for the complexion. 多喝水对皮肤好。
2. (sing.) general character or nature of sth. 性质
Crime has risen everywhere, under governments of every political complexion. 无论在什么性质的政府治理下，犯罪率到处都在上升。
This document puts a different complexion on the matter. 这份文件使问题看上去不同。
monopoly
n. 1. (sing.) possession of, or control over sth. which is not shared by others 垄断，独占
A university education should not be the monopoly of those whose parents are rich. 大学教育不应该成为富人子女的专利。
They are demanding an end to the monarchy's monopoly of power. 他们正在要求终止君主国家对权力的垄断。
2. [C] a right or power held by one single person or group to provide a service, produce sth. etc. 垄断（权），专营（权）
It is not good for consumers if one company has a monopoly in any area of trade. 如果一个公司在某领域的贸易有垄断权，这对消费者不利。
The postal services are not always a government monopoly. 邮政服务不总是政府的垄断企业。
custom-designed
a. designed according to individual needs 定制设计的
They make custom-designed cars. 他们生产定制设计的汽车。
His feet are big and need custom-designed shoes. 他的脚很大，需要定做的鞋子。
specification
n. [C] (usu. pl.) a detailed plan or set of descriptions or directions 规格；规范; 明细表 technical specifications 技术参数
There are a range of sizes, specifications and prices to suit nearly every requirement. 有不同的大小、规格和价格，几乎可以满足每一种要求。
remainder
n. [U] the rest; what is left over 其余（的人）；剩余物
The remainder must be paid by the end of June. 剩下的钱必须在六月底以前付清。
How did you spend the remainder of your police career? 你是如何度过警察生涯中剩余岁月的？
elevate
vt. 1. increase the amount, temperature, pressure, etc. 增加（数量），提高（温度、压力等）
This drug tends to elevate body temperature. 这种药往往使体温上升。
Running can elevate blood pressure. 跑步会使血压升高。
2. lift (sb./ sth.) to a higher position 提高，提升
Lie down and elevate your feet. 躺下来，抬起脚。
Store owners hope to improve business by elevating the mall's image. 店主们希望通过提高购物中心的声誉来使生意兴隆起来。
drought
n. [C, U] a long period of dry weather when there is not enough water for plants and animals to live 干旱，旱灾
A severe drought has caused most of the crops to fail. 严重旱灾使多数庄稼欠收。
Central Africa is suffering one of the worst droughts of the century. 中非正遭受本世纪最严重的旱灾之一。
diligent
a. 1．careful and thorough 细致的，彻底的 diligent testing
彻底认真的检验
diligent study
细致认真的研究
2．showing care and effort in one's work and duties
勤勉的，刻苦的
He is known to be a diligent student.
他是一个勤奋的学生。
I know all of you are hardworking, diligent people, and I respect you for that.
我知道你们大家都是努力勤奋的人，我因此而尊重你们。
adverse
a. 1. contrary to one's interests or welfare; harmful or unfavorable
不利的，有害的
The expedition was abandoned because of adverse weather conditions.
因为天气不利，远征被放弃了。
They fear it could have an adverse effect on global financial markets.
他们恐怕这将对全球金融市场产生不利影响。
2. acting or serving to oppose
敌对的，相反的
In spite of adverse public opinion, the plan to privatize the railways continued.
尽管公众持有反对意见，铁路私有化的计划还是继续执行。
They are to take adverse actions.
他们要采取敌对行动。
parasite
n. [C] an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism 寄生物，寄生虫
Crops are susceptible to parasites.
庄稼易受寄生虫侵害。
They tend to regard people on welfare as parasites.
他们往往认为享受福利的人是寄生虫。
interact
vi. (with) have an effect on each other or sth. else by being or working close together
互相作用
The immune system interacts with both the nervous system and the hormones.
免疫系统既与神经系统互相作用，也与荷尔蒙互相作用。
Children should learn to interact well with each other.
孩子应该学会如何相处。
inventory
n. 1. [C, U] the quantity of goods and materials on hand; stock
存货，库存量
Our store has the largest inventory of carpets.
我们店里的地毯库存量最大。
We haven't much inventory left after the Christmas rush.
圣诞节购物潮之后，我们的库存剩的不多了。
2. [C] a detailed list, esp. one of all goods in a specified place
财产目录，清单
The company keeps a full inventory of its equipment.
公司保存了完整的设备清单。
Some of the things in the shop were not listed in the inventory.
商店里有些商品没有列在清单里。
quantify
vt. determine or express the quantity of
确定……的数量，表示……的数量
The damage caused to the tourist industry is difficult to quantify.
对旅游业的损失无法用数字表达。
It is impossible to quantify what an active cultural life does for a city.
活跃的文化生活对一个城市的贡献是无法用数字表达的。
equator
n. [U] the imaginary great circle around the Earth's surface at an equal distance from the two poles
赤道
At the equator, we noted, it was 85 degrees.
我们注意到赤道的温度为85度。
It is a calm, clear, beautiful day — the kind seen only at the equator.
这是一个平静、透亮、美丽的日子，只有在赤道才能看到的那种日子。
duplicate
vt. make an exact copy of
复写，复制
The video has been duplicated illegally.
录像带被非法复制下来了。
Can you duplicate the key for me?
你能给我配一把钥匙吗？
a. identically copied from an original
复制的
It's a good idea to keep duplicate files on floppy disk.
将复制的文件保存在软盘里是好主意。
He opened the door with a duplicate key.
他用一把一模一样的钥匙打开了门。
n. [C] an identical copy
复制品；复印件
The duplicate looks like Rembrandt.
复制品看起来像伦勃朗的作品。
Keep a duplicate of the document.
要保存一份文件复印件。
retention
n. 1.[U] the state or action of keeping sth.
保持，保留
How about his retention of the world heavyweight championship?
他保住重量级世界冠军称号的实力如何？
the retention of Mr. Johnson as adviser
续聘约翰逊先生作顾问
2.[U] the capacity or power of keeping sth. in the memory
记忆能力
I have a real problem with retention of information.
记住东西我是真有困难。
Retention of knowledge requires concentration of the mind.
对知识的记忆是需要集中精力的。
genetic engineering
the changing of the nature of a creature or of its organs, cells, etc., by the artificial changing of its genes
遗传工程（学）
Associated with this is the development, in the 1980s, of genetic engineering.
与此相联系的是20世纪80年代遗传工程的发展。
Genetic engineering is still in its infancy.
遗传工程还处在发展初期。
for better or for worse
used to say that sth. must be accepted, whether it is good or bad, because it cannot be changed
不管是好是歹，不论是祸是福
Work is, for better or for worse, becoming more flexible nowadays.
工作现在变得更灵活了，不管是祸是福。
For better or for worse, we will have to carry out our plan.
无论如何，我们不得不实现我们的计划。
take stock of
think carefully about
仔细考虑，仔细掂量
You should take stock of the situation we are facing before making a decision.
在做决定以前，你必须仔细考虑我们面临的形势。
We should take stock of the advantages and disadvantages of our choice.
我们应该仔细权衡一下我们所做选择的利弊。
direct at
aim or point at; cause to move toward
以……为目标；瞄准
This warning was directed at you.
这一警告是针对你的。
We must direct our efforts at a useful end.
我们的努力必须用在有意义的目标上。
pass on
transmit; pass down, hand down
传给，往下传
When you catch the virus, you will pass it on to the rest.
如果你感染上了这种病毒，就会传给其他人。
She said she'd pass the message on to the other students.
她说她将把口信传给其他学生。
endow with
make (sb./ sth.) have a particular quality
赋予，赐予
He was endowed with the power of acute observation.
他天生具有敏锐的观察力。
Nature endowed her with beauty and intelligence.
自然赋予了她美丽和聪慧。
subject to
depending on
取决于……的，有待于……的
The plan is subject to the director's approval.
该计划须经主管批准。
The offer to raise your salary is subject to your performance.
给你增加工资要取决于你的工作表现。
Yellowstone National Park
黄石国家公园
U6-A Jeans: From Low Beginnings to High Fashion
seam
n. [C] a line of stitches joining two pieces of cloth, leather, etc.
缝，线缝
The coat is coming apart at the seams.
那件外衣的缝口开线了。
gown
n. [C] a long, usu. formal dress for a woman
女长服
She wore a blue silk evening gown.
她穿了一件蓝绸晚礼服。
There will be a marriage gown show next Sunday.
下周日有一场结婚礼服展示会。
attendance
n. 1.[U] the act of going with or being with sb.
照看；照料
There is a doctor in attendance on the queen.
有一个医生在照顾女王。
A nurse was in constant attendance.
有个护士随时照料。
2.[C, U] the act or fact of attending
出席，到场
Attendance at school is demanded by law.
法律规定儿童必须上学。
Matches of this season have attracted record attendances.
这个赛季的比赛吸的观众创了记录。
lace
n. [U] a delicate fabric made of yarn or thread in an open web-like pattern
花边，网眼织物
Hong Kong manufacturers offer a wide variety of lace products.
香港厂家提供各种各样的花边产品。
lace curtains
网眼纱帘
ornament
n. 1. [C] a small attractive object used for decoration or for making sth./ sb. more beautiful
装饰品，饰物
She has a little ornament on her mobile phone.
她的手机上有个小饰物。
Christmas tree ornaments
圣诞树上的装饰物
2. [U](fml.) decoration
装饰
He runs a design and ornament company.
他经营一家设计装饰装潢公司。
very plain building with little ornament
装饰不多、极朴素的建筑
abundance
n. [U] great or plentiful amount
丰富；充裕
The East China Sea is reported to have an abundance of stored natural gas.
据报道，中国东海贮藏丰富的天然气。
What we desire is freedom; what we need is abundance.
我们渴望自由，我们需要富足。
18
大学英语——6单词
19
vulgar
a. 1. lacking in taste, delicacy, or refinement 庸俗的，低俗的
The house is filled with expensive but vulgar furniture. 屋子里放满了昂贵但低俗的家具。
She dressed in cheap and vulgar clothes. 她穿着廉价而俗气的衣服。
2. extremely rude or bad-mannered 粗野的
The priest tells him not to use vulgar language on the golf course. 神父告诉他，在高尔夫球场上不要用粗俗的语言。 She was annoyed by his vulgar joke. 他下流的玩笑使她很生气。
costume
n. [C ，U] a style or fashion of dress, esp. that of a particular place, time, or class 服装
They were all dressed in 18th-century costume. 他们都穿着18世纪的服装。
The dancers were in traditional costumes. 舞者穿着传统服装。
subtle
a. not obvious, and therefore difficult to notice 微妙的；难以捉摸的
What's the subtle difference between "like" and "enjoy"? "like" 和 "enjoy" 的细微差别是什么？
I detected a subtle change in his attitude toward us. 我觉察到他对我们的态度有细微的变化。
signify
vt. represent, mean, or be a sign of 表示……的意思；意味
The stars on the American flag signify the fifty states. 美国国旗上的星星代表美国50个州。
It is given as an object, and cannot therefore signify the identity of the person. 它只是一件东西，因此不能表明这个人的身份。
obscure
a. not easily or clearly seen or understood; indistinct 不容易看清的；不分明的
The world wide web was initially an obscure idea in the minds of only a few researchers.
国际互联网最初只是几个研究者头脑中的不甚清晰的想法。 The rules for the competition are somewhat obscure. 比赛的规则不够明确。
vt. hide; make difficult to see or understand 遮蔽；使朦胧
His face is partially obscured by sunglasses. 他的脸一部分被太阳镜遮住。
The main theme of the book is obscured by frequent digressions. 该书文字枝蔓，主题不明。
unfold
v. 1. (cause to) become clear, more fully known, etc. 逐渐呈现，展现
The landscape unfolded before us. 景色展现在我们面前。
The story unfolds as the film goes on. 电影放下去，故事情节逐渐展开。
2. open and spread out (sth. folded) 展开，打开
The teacher unfolded the map and showed us the place. 老师打开地图，指给我们看那个地方。 The chair unfolds to make a bed. 这把椅子可以打开当床用。
conspicuous
a. attracting attention, easy to notice 惹人注意的，易见的；明显的
If you are walking along a badly-lit road at night you should wear conspicuous clothes.
晚上在照明很差的路上行走，应该穿显眼的衣服。 The building is conspicuous for its style. 这个建筑风格独特，很显眼。
boycott
vt. refuse to buy or use sth., or take part in sth. as a way of protesting 抵制，排斥
He appealed to people to boycott the company's products. 她呼吁人们抵制这个公司的产品。
Athletes from several countries boycotted the Olympic Games. 有好几国的运动员抵制奥运会。
contempt
n. [U] feeling that sb./ sth. is not important and deserves no respect 轻视，鄙视
I feel nothing but contempt for people who treat children so cruelly. 我鄙视如此虐待孩子的人。
I shall treat that remark with the contempt it deserves. 我对这样的言论嗤之以鼻。
siege
n. [U] the surrounding of a city, town, or fortress by an army attempting to capture it 围攻
By the time the siege ended, the citizens were nearly starving. 围城停止时，市民饿得濒于死亡。
They must be neutralized or kept in a state of siege. 他们必须中立，否则必将处于被围攻的状态。
porch
n. [C] a covered platform, usu. having a separate roof, at an entrance to a building 门廊
He measured the porch of the gate to see if the vehicle can approach. 他量了量门廊的宽度，看车辆能否靠近。 I headed for the front porch. 我朝前门门廊走去。
segregate
v. (from) separate or set apart, esp. from a different social group 分开，分割，隔离
Boys and girls are segregated in the school. 这个学校的男女生是分开的。 The handicapped should not be segregated from the other groups of society. 不应该把残疾人与社会的其他群体隔离开。
overturn
vt. bring to an end 推翻
overturn a military regime 推翻军政府
They are trying to overturn the deep-rooted beliefs. 他们正试图颠覆根深蒂固的信念。 v. (cause to) turn over （使）倾覆；（使）翻倒
I will overturn the pies as required. 我将按照要求把馅饼翻个个儿。 The ship overturned. 船翻了。
embed (also imbed)
vt. fix deeply and firmly in a surrounding mass 使……嵌入
The arrow embedded itself in the door. 箭深深地嵌进门里。
The idea became embedded in his mind. 这个想法在他头脑里根深蒂固。
rebellion
n. [C, U] (an act of) fighting against sb. in a position of control or the government 反叛，造反，反抗
The peasants rose in rebellion. 农民起来造反。
This is the night of rebellion. 反叛就发生在这个夜晚。
explicit
a. fully and clearly expressed 清楚的，明确的
The minister made explicit promises not to give military aid to separatists. 部长明确地允诺不给分裂主义军事援助。 He gave explicit reasons for leaving. 他明确地说出了离开的原因。
badge
n. 1. [C] sth. that represents a particular quality or type of person 象征，标志
Chains are a badge of slavery. 锁链是奴隶制度的标志。
2. [C] a thing worn to show a person's occupation, rank membership of a society, etc. 徽章
They were wearing badges saying "No Nuclear War". 他们佩带着"不要核战争" 字样的徽章。 The badge looks lively and formal. 像章看起来栩栩如生，非常规范。
texture
n. [C, U] the way a surface or material feels when you touch it, esp. how smooth or rough it is 质地，手感
the delicate texture of her skin 她皮肤细腻
a smooth texture of silk 丝绸的光滑质地
incorporate
vt. (into) make (sth.) a part of a group or of sth. larger; include 使并入；包括
Many of the suggestions have been incorporated in the new plan. 很多建议已被纳入新计划中。
The authorities incorporate environment education into the standard teaching material.
当局把环保教育列为标准教材的内容。
aesthetic
n. [C] a guiding principle in matters of artistic beauty and taste 美学标准；审美观
What troubled him was the low taste of the colonel's aesthetic. 上校审美观低下使他感到苦恼。 exploit a new aesthetic 利用一种新的美学标准
a. of or concerning the appreciation of beauty or good taste 美学的；审美的
From an aesthetic point of view it is a nice design. 从美学观点来看，这是个不错的设计。
Aesthetic quality of people should be cultivated from youth. 人的审美素质教育应该从小抓起。
defy
vt. 1. make impossible or unsuccessful 使不可能，使落空
The door defied all attempts to open it. 这门怎么也打不开。
The problem defies solutions. 这个问题怎么也无法解决。
2. oppose or resist with boldness and assurance 反对，违抗
They defied their parents and got married. 他们违背父母的意愿结了婚。
The black population is defying repression. 黑人居民正在反抗镇压。
coincide
vi. 1. (of ideas, opinions, etc.) be in agreement; agree with one another 一致，相符
The market price happens to coincide with the computed value. 市场价碰巧与估算价吻合。
Business decisions usually coincide with ethical requirements. 商业决定通常与道德要求相吻合。
2. happen at the same time or during the same period 同时发生；巧合
Her arrival coincided with our departure. 她到时我们正好离开。
Our holidays do not coincide. 我们的假期不在同一个时间。
parameter
n. 1. [C] a characteristic or feature, esp. one that can be measured or quantified
特性，特点
What are the three major parameters of color?
颜色的三个主要特征是什么？
2. [C] a factor that restricts what is possible or what results
参数
If you don't use a parameter, you don't have any choice.
如果你不用参数，你就没有任何选择。
An optional parameter is specified in the format.
在格式中指定了一个选择参数。
fit into
(cause to) take the right space or time in sth.; (cause to) be suitable for sth. （使）适合
My data do not fit into some analytic mould.
我的数据不适合某些分析模式。
Fit yourself into every situation you are in.
你要适应你所处的任何环境。
at best
used to emphasize that sth. is not very good, pleasant, etc. even if you consider it in the best possible way
充其量；至多
The campaign was at best only partially successful.
这场运动充其量是部分的成功。
At best more than one hundred people attended the meeting.
充其量只有一百多人出席会议。
under siege
being criticized, attacked, or threatened
受到批评、围攻等
The TV station has been under siege from angry viewers phoning in to complain. 气愤的观众打来电话批评电视台。
His comment has been under siege.
他的评论受到了抨击。
slip into
put on (a coat, one's shoes, etc.) smoothly, easily, and quietly
穿上
She slipped into her clothes and stepped out of the door.
她穿上衣服，走出了房间。
The boy slipped into clothes and ran to school.
小男孩穿上衣服，跑向学校。
make sense of
understand the meaning of
理解，搞清……的意思
You cannot always make sense of everything.
你不可能什么都懂。
Can you make sense of what he says?
你能听懂他的话吗？
California
加利福尼亚
(the) Deep South
美国南方腹地
U6-B To Spend or Not to Spend
Catholic
a. of the Roman Catholic Church
天主教
The Catholic News is a newspaper based in Singapore.
《天主教新闻》报社设在新加坡。
There are Catholic countries in Europe.
欧洲有天主教国家。
chapel
n. [C]a small church where Christians can pray or worship
小教堂
Both apple blossoms and chapel bells are charming here.
这里苹果树的花苞和小教堂的钟声都是迷人的。
I'm happy in the chapel where people are of one accord.
小教堂里人际关系和谐，我觉得很开心。
buck
vt. (infml.) resist or oppose (sb./ sth.)
反对，反抗
Do not try to buck the system.
不要反对这个制度。
n. [C](infml.) a dollar
一美元
He didn't have a single buck on him.
他身上一美元也没有。
prose
n. [U] ordinary writing, as opposed to poetry
散文
Novels are usually written in prose.
小说通常是用散文体写的。
He writes a very clear simple prose.
他写的散文简洁明快。
flatter
vt. praise (sb.), often insincerely, esp. in order to gain favor
奉承，谄媚，吹捧
If you flatter your mother a bit she might invite us all to dinner.
你要是奉承你母亲几句，她也许就会把我们全请去吃饭。
You mustn't flatter me.
你可不要恭维我。
paradox
n. [C] a person, thing or situation displaying opposing features
自相矛盾的人、事物或情况
It's a paradox, but the older she gets the more active she is.
说起来好像矛盾，但她确是越老越活跃了。
The answer to the question is a paradox.
对问题的回答自相矛盾。
indulge
vt. allow (oneself or sb. else) to do or have whatever they want
放任
You may spoil your children by indulging them too much.
你对孩子太迁就可能会宠坏他们的。
He indulged himself in pleasing fancies.
他沉迷于如意的空想之中。
curb
vt. prevent (sth.) from getting out of control; restrain
防止(某事物)失控；约束
The government begins to curb budget deficit.
政府开始控制预算赤字。
China plans to curb desertification by 2010.
中国计划到2010年抑制住土壤沙漠化。
impulse
n. [C] an act without thinking about the result
冲动
He felt an irresistible impulse to jump.
他突然有个无法控制的冲动，想跳下去。
On an impulse she told the driver to turn and go east.
一时冲动之下，她让司机转弯向动行驶。
contradict
vt. be contrary to; be inconsistent with
与……矛盾；违背
Witnesses contradict the report on the plane's crash into the flats.
证人的话与飞机撞入公寓楼的报告相悖。
The two versions contradict each other.
两种说法互相矛盾。
cognitive
a. connected with recognizing and understanding things
认知的
There is a link between aging and cognitive decline.
衰老和认知能力退化之间有关联。
Cognitive science is a relatively new discipline.
相对来说，认知科学是一门新学科。
mobilize (also mobilise)
v. (cause sb./ sth. to) get ready for action
动员；准备行动
mobilize and organize the masses
动员并组织群众
Mobilize the initiative of the masses fully.
要完全调动群众的积极性。
preach
vi. (about) give unwanted advice on morals, behavior, etc., esp. in an annoying manner
劝诫，说教
My sister has been preaching at me again about my untidy habits.
我姐姐又在对我说教，怪我不爱整洁。
You are in no position to preach to me about efficiency.
你没有资格对我大谈什么效率问题。
colonial
a. of or relating to a colony or colonies
殖民地的
Japan expresses remorse for colonial rule over the Korean peninsula.
日本为殖民统治朝鲜半岛而表示忏悔。
Autonomy has outdated the colonial structures.
自治废除了殖民体制。
banquet
n. [C] a formal meal, esp. for a special event
盛宴，宴会
These exquisite dishes are served only in the state banquet.
这些美味佳肴是专供国宴用的。
The minister held a welcome banquet for the guests.
部长设盛宴招待来宾。
composite
a. made up of different parts or materials; compound
合成的
Fiber-reinforced composite materials are tougher.
强化纤维的合成材料更结实。
Montage creates a composite image by combining several separate images.
蒙太奇通过把几个独立的画面融合起来创造一个组合形象。
compliment
n. [C] an expression of praise, admiration, approval, etc.
赞美，赞扬
I did not expect such a compliment.
我没有预料会受到如此的表扬。
It is a compliment which I never paid to any other places.
我从来没有像赞美这个地方一样赞美过其他地方。
reciprocal
a. given and received in return; mutual
相互的；互惠的
A reciprocal banquet was held at the Chinese embassy in Moscow.
中国驻莫斯科大使馆举行了答谢宴会。
It set up a reciprocal standard model.
它建立了互惠的典范。
discrepancy
n. [C, U] divergence or disagreement, as between facts or claims; difference
差异；不一致；不相符之处
a discrepancy between theory and practice
理论和实践的脱节
There was considerable discrepancy between the two accounts of the battle.
对于这场战役的两种说法很不一致。
dual
a. having a double character or purpose
双重的
It has a dual drive system.
它有双驱动系统。
The symbol has a dual meaning.
这个符号有双重意义。
compartment
n. 1. [C] a separate division or section
（人的心灵等的）部，分部
My life is divided into two watertight compartments: unofficial and official.
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