四级听力原文

四级听力原文

Long Conversation

Unit 1

Conversation 1

W: What do you plan to do after you finish your university work?

M:I’ve got a friend in Germany who says that he can get me a job with a large multinational company here in Shanghai.

W:So you’ll work here?

M: Well, I can earn a very good salary and get good experience.

W: Would you leave for a foreign country if they ask you to go?

M: It depends what they want and how long they want me to stay away from home. W:Did you know that some people say that both foreign companies and foreign countries take the most talented people away from their homes in developing countries on purpose?

M: Why would they do that?

W: Highly educated people often make large contributions to both a country’s economy and society.

M: So it would be to the advantage of a country to allow skilled immigrants in? W: Y es, of course it would.

Q 1：What does the man plan to do after finishing his university work?

Q 2：Why does the man want to work in Shanghai?

Q 3：What did the woman say about foreign companies and foreign countries?

Conversation 2

M: What do you think of Mark and Gail’s marriage plans, Susan?

W:I don’t know. It seems the situation is quite difficult.

M: What do you mean?

W:Well, to begin with, Gail’s parents have many reservatio ns about their marriage. M: How do you know?

W:For instance, Gail’s father is concerned about both Mark’s citizenship status and how their children will be treated.

M:These are both real concerns because people do get married just to acquire citizenship and children from mixed marriages do often receive bad treatment from other children.

W: Y es, and yet Gail thinks that racial and culture differences can often be a gift in a relationship, even though people often feel full of doubt about a mixed marriage. M: So who’s right?

W: Maybe there is no right answer. The situation is really difficult.

M: I see.

Q 1：Who is the man talking with?

Q 2：What are they talking about?

Q 3：What do Gail’s parents seem most concerned about?

Q 4：What will Mark and Gail probably do?

Unit 2

Conversation 1

M: Honey, after all these stressful years, I suggest we go on a trip around the world next year.

W: That sounds fun.

M: Y es, but I think it’s also going to take us a lot of work.

W: Why is that?

M: Y ou know, each country has its own policies regarding travel and immigration. W: Wouldn’t it be easier if every country had the sam e policy?

M: Of course. It would, but that just wouldn’t be realistic.

W:No, you’re probably right.

M: For instance, in the Middle East, it is often very difficult to go from one country to another.

W: Why is that?

M:There’s a lot of conflict in the regi on so countries are reluctant to allow people to move from place to place easily.

Q 1：What does the man suggest to the woman?

Q 2：Why does the man say that a trip around the world take them a lot of work?

Q 3：Why is it often difficult to move from country to country in the Middle East?

Conversation 2

W: How does time affect you?

M: I actually spend time deciding how I will conduct my day.

W: That sounds like a good way to budget some leisure time for you.

M: Y es, I like the relaxed feeling of the surroundings at the golf course.

W: Do you take your cell phone with you?

M:No, I like to avoid such devices when I am at the golf course because if the phone rings, I will want to answer it.

W: I spend my leisure time playing tennis.

M: That’s superb way to stay in shape and also have a good time.

W:I’m not a very good player; I just want to play for a brief time and make friends by playing tennis.

M: I have met some interesting people at the golf course, too and I can contact them by email when I don’t have lei sure time.

W: I always like to meet people face-to-face because I am able to explore my

questions more thoroughly than I can by email or electronic communication.

M: Y es, I think face-to-face interaction is very important and should be used when possible.

W:Well, I couldn’t agree with you more. Also, playing tennis also allows me to get away from my work environment.

M: Y es, I also enjoy getting away.

Q 1：What does the man think about the surroundings at the golf course?

Q 2：Does the man take his cell phone with him to the golf course?

Q 3：What does the women do in his leisure time?

Q 4：How does the man contact his golf friends when he has no leisure time?

Unit 3

Conversation 1

F(Feng Yi)：Suppose I let you make a wish, Simon, what would you wish?

S(Simon):If so, I’d wish I had a robot.

F：Why a robot, of all things?

S: A robot is clever, capable, efficient, and obedient. It’ll work with precision. And it’ll work round the clock without complaint.

F：Y es, it’ll relieve us of hard and tedious work. But what wo uld you do if you had a robot to work for you?

S: Work wonders, such as farming, manufacturing, construction, transportation, telecommunication, medical treatment, things you may not even imagine possible.

F：But aren’t you creating a world of machines, a w orld of cold, emotionless, mechanical creatures?

S:I don’t think so. Robots can provide us with all kinds of entertainment imaginable, including both artistic and popular forms of entertainment. And no human culture can match its variety and creativity.

F：It depends on what you mean by variety and creativity. I consider humans the most varied, sophisticated, creative and powerful creatures on earth. Any mechanical culture is simply lifeless, and it’s harmful to the human world.

S: Don’t get so emotional. W e can live in peace with our robots. Y ou know robots would willingly do the kind of work that is physically unbearable to humans.

F: Hmm, you may be right.

Q 1：Which of the following is inappropriate to describe “robot” according to Simon?

Q 2：What does Si mon mean by saying “working wonders”?

Q 3：All of the following statements are true except______.

Conversation 2

(Zhao Lei, an engineer in British Oxygen Company, is talking about pollution

control with his British colleague, David.)

Z L:So you are from London, David. Some time ago I read an interesting story about London fog.

David: Oh, yeah, I think I know the one you mean. It’s about a blind woman leading

a man with good eyesight to his home in a dense fog.

Z L:That’s right. Since then, I’ve always th ought of London as a city full of fog.

It must be terrible living there.

David: That’s already history. London is no longer like that. The yellow-black winter fog has disappeared since the Clean Air Act was enforced in 1956.

Since then the average winter sunshine has doubled. And the Thames is swarming with fish.

Z L:Really? I wish we could do away with air pollution and dust here. It’s been tormenting us for years.

David:It’s not that bad, is it? I’ve found the city fairly clean.

Z L: Ah, but this is a suburban area. Go to the industrial zone and you’ll be bothered by the air and water pollution.

David:The factories must have been set up a long time ago. Old factories are usually not equipped with pollution control devices. That was the same in my country. It took us many years to make our industrial cities clean and healthy. Z L:But the trouble we have is that even some of the newer factories didn’t include pollution control measures when they were built. Besides, quite a number of factories were built in the middle of residential areas.

David: Oh, that’s too bad. New factories should have been built out of town.

Z L:Fortunately, our government has already realized the importance of environmental protection. We can expect a cleaner and healthier city in the

future.

Q 1：What was London famous for in the past?

Q 2：When did London do away with its air pollution?

Q 3：According to the two speakers what kind of the factories has contributed to the environmental pollution in the cities in China?

Q 4：Which statement is true to the city Zhao Lei lives in?

Unit 4

Conversation 1

W: Good morning, Mr. Parker.

M: Good morning.

W: Won’t you sit down? I hope you enjoyed our evening together.

M: We most certainly did. It was a wonderful meal. Afterwards, we drove around town a little, and saw some very interesting places in the moonlight. We saw the

Temple of Heaven from quite a distance.

W:Well, I’m glad. I suspect, however, you’d like to get down to business this morning. How would you like to proceed with the negotiations?

M: We are here at your disposal.

W:Well, let’s draw up an agenda for our discussions, shall we?

M:Fine. Well, one of the items for our agenda would be, I think, the supply of equipment to China in the second half of this year. As you know, our current contract is about to expire, and we will need to discuss a new one.

W: Certainly. We are ready to hear your proposals.

M:Something else I’d like to discuss is the possibility of establishing a long-term arrangement between my corporation and yours.

W:Yes, that sounds interesting. So long as it’s in the interests of both sides, let’s talk about it. Now, is there anything else you’d like to achieve on this visit?

M: Y es, I’d like to point out that we have had a very cooperative relationship over the past few years. Y our government now has a policy of opening up to the outside world. I’d like to discuss investments in China, and I’ll need your advice. W:I’ll be very pleased to help if I can. I wouldn’t be surprised if our discussions ended up in a joint venture.

M: Y ou took the words right out of my mouth. Can we meet every morning in this room at nine?

W: That sounds fine to me.

Q 1：What business have they been doing?

Q 2：What is the purpose of the discussion?

Q 3：How often did they decide to meet?

Conversation 2

Man:So you’re visiting San Francisco?

Gloria:Y es, we just got here last night. And you?

Man :Oh, I’m a native.

Gloria:Really? Everyone else we’ve met so far has been a tourist like us. I was beginning to think that there were no natives.

Man: Well, San Francisco has a lot of different ethnic groups, so you might think you’re seeing a lot of tourists. But actually, the city has permanent

population of about 7,000,000.

Gloria:What are the different ethnic groups?

Man:Well, le t’s see. After whites, the largest one is Asians, the Hispanics, then African-Americans.

Gloria: I see.

Man:Y es, in fact. San Francisco has the largest Chinese community outside of Asia.

Gloria:That’s interesting. Do most of the Chinese people live i n Chinatown? Man:Well, it’s true that Chinatown is the center of Chinese culture here,but they live all over the city.

Gloria:Hey, maybe you can tell me where I can find a Spanish-language bookstore!

Man: There are lots of them in the Mission District. That area also has movie theaters with Spanish films, libraries with Hispanic materials.

Gloria:What about the Japanese? Doesn’t San Francisco have a large Japanese population too?

Man: No, actually there are only about 12000 Japanese people here, but we do have an area called “Japantown” that has Japanese restaurants and

bookstores and even Kabuki theatre..

Gloria: Do most American cities have so many different ethnic group?

Man: Well, the large ones do----Los Angeles, New Y ork, Chicago. But maybe the different ethnic groups are more visible in San Francisco because the city

is so small.

Gloria:Hm, you seem to know a lot about this city.

Man: Well, most San Franciscans think their city is pretty special. We like to talk about it. Besides, I teach ethnic history at the university here.

Gloria:Oh! No wonder you know so much! (laughing)

Q 1：What are they talking about?

Q 2：Where can you find a Spanish language bookstore?

Q 3：Why does the man know so much about the city?

Q 4：Where do Chinese people live in the city?

Unit 5

Conversation 1

M:Hello, how are you?

W: I’m fine, where are you going?

M:Oh, I’m on my way home from work.

W: I didn’t know you have a job.

M:Y a, I work par-time at the supermarket.

W: What do you do there?

M:I work in the produce section, trimming and wrapping fresh fruit and vegetables. I also stock shelves. Sometimes when it really gets busy, I work at the check-out counter. Have you got a job?

W:Ya, I do yard work for people. Y ou know, cutting grass, raking leaves, falling weeds, things like that.

M:I’d like doing that. It must be nice to work outdoo rs.

W: Sometimes it is, except when it rains, snows or gets too hot or too cold.

M: I guess every job has its drawbacks. There are times when I get pretty tired of carrying things around at my job. But a job is a job. Got to earn money for school.

W:Me, too, tuition sure is high, isn’t it? Well, I’d better get going, I have to plant some trees for my neighbors this afternoon.

Q 1：Where is the man going when the woman meets him?

Q 2：Why does the man have to work?

Q 3：Why does the woman have to go?

Conversation 2

W:I’m tired of watching television. Let’s go to cinema tonight.

M:All right. Do you want to go downtown? Or is there a good movie in the neighborhood?

W:I’d rather not spend a lot of money. What does the paper say about neighborhood theaters?

M:Here’s the list on page 18, Column 6. Here it is. Where’s the Denton? There’s a perfect movie there.

W: That’s too far away. And it’s hard to find a place to park there.

M: Well, the Grand Theater has Gone with the Wind.

W:I saw that years ago. I don’t want to see it again. Moreover, it’s too long. We wouldn’t get home until midnight.

M: The Center has a horror film. Y ou wouldn’t want to see that.

W:No, indeed. I wouldn’t be able to sleep tonight.

M:That’s about all there is. Unless we change our decision and go downtown.

W:No, we just can’t pay for it. There must be something we haven’t seen.

M: Here, look for yourself. I ca n’t find anything else.

W: Look at this!

M: What?

W: In the television timetable, there is a baseball game tonight.

M:I wasn’t looking for a TV program. I was looking at the movie ads.

W:I know, but I just happened to notice it. New Y ork is playing in Boston. I suppose we’d better stay home. We can go to cinema Friday.

M:That must be good. I wouldn’t mind watching that.

Q 1：Why does the woman want to go to the movie?

Q 2：What does “I’d rather not spend a lot of money.” Imply?

Q 3：Why does the woman say she doesn’t want to see the movie” Gone with the wind”?

Q 4：What may you infer from the conversation?

Part II Compound Dictation (Unit 5-8)

段落听写

（1）Key Words: D.N.A.

Scientists say people and chimpanzees developed separately since they split from a common ancestor about six million years ago. But studies have shown that chimpanzee genes are very similar to those of human beings.

D.N.A. is made up of genes. Genes, like letters in words, carry a huge amount of information. These messages tell cells how to make all the materials for life.

（2）Key Words: sub-prime mortgage crisis

American lawmakers and law enforcers are busy with the housing finance market. Many of the recent problems were caused by sub-prime mortgages. These highly profitable loans were marketed to risky buyers and then sold to investors. But even homeowners with good credit are having trouble with other new kinds of loans.

(3) Key Words: child delivery

A new study in rural Nepal shows the value of washing hands with soap and water in preparation for childbirth. Researchers found that hand washing by birth attendants and mothers increased the chances that babies would survive their first month.

The study says just fifty-three percent of birth attendants reported washing their hands with soap and water before delivery. And only fifteen percent of mothers reported washing their hands before handling their newborn.

(4) Key Words: students’ summer travel in US

More than fifty organizations are approved to act as sponsors. Sally Lawrence advises students to avoid unapproved groups offering services, and to research a few different sponsors.

Sponsors must confirm the English language ability of students and make sure they are currently in school. But sponsors do not all charge the same price for their services.

(5) Key Words: stem cell

Some experts predict that doctors will someday use stem cells to treat many different diseases. Y et so far there has been less progress in stem cell therapies than many had hoped.

(6) Key Words: high fuel price

High fuel prices are affecting all areas of life, including education.

The United States has an estimated four hundred seventy-five thousand school buses. Each day they carry more than twenty-five million children, half of all schoolchildren in the country.

The price nearly doubled, to a dollar and eight cents, by the end of school in June. As a result, schools are looking for ways to reduce transportation costs. Bus routes are being redrawn or, in some cases, canceled. Some areas are buying buses that use natural gas or other alternative fuels. And a few places are investigating hybrid fuel-electric technology.

(7) Key Words: vitamin and health

Vitamin D helps bones and muscles grow strong and healthy. Low levels of vitamin D can lead to problems such as rickets, a deformity mainly found in children. But more and more research is suggesting that vitamin D might also help prevent many diseases.

The easiest way to get vitamin D is from sunlight. The sun's ultraviolet rays react with skin cells to produce vitamin D. But many people worry about getting skin cancer and skin damage from the sun. As a result they cover their skin or wear sun-block or stay out of the sun.

Also, darker skinned people produce less vitamin D than lighter skinned people. Production also decreases in older people and those living in northern areas that get less sunlight.

(8) Key Words: light pollution

Sunlight bounces off the light-colored surface, so it stays cool on hot days. Densely built areas of cities trap heat. This is known as the urban heat-island effect. The Green Alley program also uses recycled materials. And it uses energy-saving streetlights. These direct light downward to reduce light pollution at night.

4

Many college students in the United States use their summer break to earn money in a temporary job. But more and more are working as summer interns. Some internship programs accept students in high school. Internships are usually unpaid, and the work might not always be the most exciting. But they offer a chance to gain experience in business, public service or some other area of interest. They can also be a chance to get to know a possible future employer. More importantly, internships can help students make sure their area of study is a good choice.

For most organizations, interns mean extra workers for little or no cost. They also get a chance to see if a student might make a good future employee. Some interns are promised a full-time job once they finish their studies. Yet some students have no choice but to get a paying job during the summer. They have a real financial need. Interns provide free labor, but internship programs can involve costs for travel, housing and meals.

Businesses might require interns to receive college credit for their experience. These businesses are concerned about labor laws that say workers must receive something in return for their work. So, if not money, then credits. Many colleges and universities resist such requirements. They say students should earn credit only for school experience. Some other schools provide the credits but charge students for them. So, for a student from a poor family, an unpaid internship just may not be possible.

5

Many people attending the AIDS conference represent private non-governmental organizations, or NGOs. Political scientists often describe NGOs as “pressure groups” because of their effect on world issues. They have little official power over international decision-making. However, NGOs often influence international policy.

A broad definition of NGO is any non-profit group that is independent of government. Most of these private organizations have one or more goals. For example, some support community development, provide social services and help poor people. Others support human rights and social justice. Still others work to protect the environment. NGOs support many issues and operate around the world. Some of the most well-known include Oxfam, Amnesty International and Greenpeace.

James Paul heads the Global Policy Forum. It is an NGO in New York City that studies policy-making at the United Nations. He says that some NGOs represent industries or businesses, the interests of governments, or even criminal groups. He says it would be a mistake to believe that all NGOs are neutral.

The World Bank has divided NGOs into three main groups. The first is community-based organizations that serve populations in a small geographical area. The second is national NGOs, which operate in individual developing countries. International NGOs are the third kind. These organizations usually have their headquarters in industrialized countries. They carry out operations in more than one developing nation. Information about the total number of non-governmental organizations is incomplete. However, experts estimate that tens of thousands of NGOs are active around the world. Large international NGOs may have operating budgets of tens of millions of dollars. However, most NGOs are much smaller.

6

A federal judge in the United States says the Terrorist Surveillance Program violates the Constitution. This is the first such ruling against the secret program approved by President Bush.? The National Security Agency established the program after the attacks on the United States on September eleventh, two thousand one.

The program lets the agency monitor the international calls and e-mail of individuals in the United States without the need for a court order. The Justice Department is moving quickly to appeal the ruling by Judge Anna Diggs Taylor in Detroit, Michigan. Her order Thursday to stop the program will not be enforced at least until she hears arguments on September seventh. The American Civil Liberties Union brought the case in January for a group including reporters, researchers and criminal defense lawyers. They say the program interferes with their work and violates free speech and privacy rights.

Judge Taylor agreed. She suggested that the president acted like a king and violated the separation of powers in the Constitution. The judge is a former civil rights worker. President Jimmy Carter appointed her to the court in nineteen seventy-nine. Administration officials say the surveillance program is carefully administered and has helped stop terrorist attacks. On

Friday President Bush condemned the ruling. He said those who praise it do not understand the nature of the world in which we now live.

7

Some unusual words describe how a person spends his or her time. For example, someone who likes to spend a lot of time sitting or lying down while watching television is sometimes called a “couch potato.” A couch is a piece of furniture that people sit on while watching television.

Robert Armstrong, an artist from California, developed the term couch potato in nineteen-seventy-six. Several years later, he listed the term as a trademark with the United States government. Mister Armstrong also helped write a funny book about life as a full-time television watcher. It is called the “Official Couch Potato Handbook.”

Couch potatoes enjoy watching television just as “mouse potatoes”enjoy working on computers. A computer mouse is the device that moves the pointer, or cursor, on a computer screen. The description of mouse potato became popular in nineteen-ninety-three. American writer Alice Kahn is said to have invented the term to describe young people who spend a lot of time using computers.

Too much time inside the house using a computer or watching television can cause someone to get “cabin fever.”A cabin is a simple house usually built far away from the city. People go to a cabin to relax and enjoy quiet time. Cabin fever is not really a disease. However, people can experience boredom and restlessness if they spend too much time inside their homes. This is especially true during the winter when it is too cold or snowy to do things outside. Often children get cabin fever if they cannot go outside to play. So do their parents. This happens when there is so much snow that schools and even offices and stores are closed.

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