Unit 2 综合教程(4)练习答案与讲解

Unit 2

Man and Technology

Task One Discovering the Main Ideas (P38)

1. Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.

1) No. The survey showed that the majority of Americans did not become happier with the advancement of technology. In fact, the percentage of people who say they are “very happy” has fallen slightly since the early 1970s, even though their income has increased considerably.

2) According to Easterlin, money cannot make people happier after a certain point, that is, when people are able to meet the needs for a decent life.

3) According to the author, with technological inventions such as linked databases, the Internet and TV, people have less privacy and less time for real-world communication. As a result, they tend to be more lonely and depressed.

4) The most important impact of technology on people’s life is in the field of health care. The development of medical technology has greatly increased people’s life expectancy and improved their quality of life. So the vast majority of people are happy to be alive, and the more time they get on earth, the better off they feel they’ll be.

5) On the whole, the author cites examples to illustrate that the advances in technology do not necessarily make people happier.

Task Two Reading Between the Lines (P39)

Read the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what the author intends to say by the italicised parts.

1. Besides striving for material success, Americans are pursuing an enjoyable life after work. Because of their demand for entertainment, TV and film productions and other enterprises that provide leisure activities have developed into extremely productive and profitable industries.

2. People generally believe that the more money one possesses, the happier he /she becomes. However, according to Easterlin, when people become comparatively well off, the increase of money cannot make them happier. Money can satisfy one’s material needs, but cannot buy him/her love, friendship, or family ties that would make him/her emotionally satisfied.

3. TV is a typical example to demonstrate how technological inventions isolate people and community from each other. It takes away the time that people would otherwise use ot communicate with each other, especially among family members, and to participate in community activities. People are likely to care more about what happens in the virtual world, while ignoring the feelings and needs of those around them in the real world.

4. The original meaning of the joke is that the food may not be so delicious, but we still want to be served as much as possible. “Food” here refers to life, and “portions” refers to life expectancy. The joke here implies that we want to live as long as possible though we may not be leading a happy life.

Checking Your Vocabulary (P44)

Word Detective

1. Find the right definition in Column B for each italicised word in Column A. Put the corresponding letter in the space provided in Column A. The number of the paragraph in which the target word appears is given in brackets. The first one has been done for you.

1) b 2) d 3) c 4) a 5) g 6) e 7) f

2. Read the following pairs of sentences carefully and then, with the help of a dictionary, write down in English the meaning of the italicised word in each sentence. Note that the meaning of the italicised word in Sentence A is similar to that in Text B. The number of the paragraph in which the target word appears is given in brackets..

1) (n.) a person who opposes sb. or sth.

(n.) a person who takes the opposite side in a game or competition

2) (a.) (of opinions) going beyond the usual limits

(a.) greatest possible; of the highest degree

3) (n.) a person who works a machine

(n.) a person who works a telephone switchboard

4) (vt.) change (sth.), esp. slightly

(vt.) (of a word) describe or limit the meaning of (another word)

3. Fill in each blank in the following sentences with a phrase from Text B. Both the meaning and the number of the paragraph in which the target phrase appears are given in brackets.

1) take time 2) depending on 3) the other side of the coin 4) compared to

Checking Your Comprehension (P46)

Complete the following sentences with the information contained in Text B. You may refer to the text after you have finished the task.

1. technology is neither good or bad. If used properly, it will improve our life; otherwise it will destroy it

2. it has improved our standard of life so that we can live longer and better

3. medicine, biotechnology and war

4. are less interested in establishing close relationships with their patients and rely too much on modern medical technology

5. we will be punished by nature sooner or later

6. the person who uses the technology

Words In Action (P547)

1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.

1) monitor 2) phenomenon 3) isolation 4) gradual 5) opponent 6) advent 7) genetic 8) consciously 9) extreme 10) nasty 11) boom 12) formal 13) soar 14) survey 15) Similarly 16) modify 17) rough

2. In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.

1) at the same time 2) are stuck with 3) for certain 4) make no difference

5) on average 6) when it comes to 7) depends on 8) built into

9) come to mind 10) at work

Increasing Your Word Power (P49)

1.Word Family. Words that come from the same root may be said to belong to the same family. Getting acquainted with each member of the family is a sure way to increase your word power. Now complete the following table with words of the same family. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.

2. Word Building. Now add multi- to the nouns or adjectives given below to form new adjectives, and then translate the following into English with the newly formed words.

1) multi-cultural 2) multi-faith 3) multiform 4) multifunction 5) multi-ethnic 6) multilateral 7) multi-lingual 8) multimedia

9) multimillionaire 10) multinational

1) a multi-faith society

2) a multi-lingual secretary

3) a multimillionaire

4) a multinational motor-manufacturing corporation

5) a multifunction video camera

6) a multi-ethnic community

7) a multimedia dictionary

8) multi-cultural education

9) a multilateral trade negotiation

10) multiform technological cooperation

3. Below are some achievements of modern technology. Match the names on the left column with the definitions on the right. Write down the corresponding letter in the space given.

1) j 2) c 3) b 4) i 5) a 6) g 7) d 8) e 9) f 10) h

4. Both –ty and –ity are suffixes added to adjectives to form nouns with the meaning “the quality or condition of being …” Now give the noun forms of the adjectives given below and then complete the following sentences with some of them.

1) superiority 2) equality 3) originality 4) minority

5) Creativity 6) purity 7) cruelty

Grammar Review (P52)

1. Write hypothetical sentences based on the given facts.

1) My mother would not be worried about me if she knew what my life was like.

2) They would probably allow you to do the job if you were in better health.

3) They wouldn’t work with such enthusiasm if they didn’t know what they were working for.

4) I would have to look it up in the dictionary if I didn’t know the meaning of the word.

5) She would understand what we say if she knew Chinese.

6) I would be quite satisfied if you spoke with greater accuracy.

2. Make hypothetical sentences with the given words.

1) If we knew where he was, we would try to get in touch with him.

2) If it were not for the expense involved, we would go there by plane.

3) If we were to miss the train, we would have to wait another four hours.

4) If we pooled all our resources, we would have enough money to buy the equipment.

5) If he didn’t have a strong love for the handicapped children, he wouldn’t be working so tirelessly for them.

Cloze (P53)

Complete the following passage with words and phrases chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each is given.

1) emphasize 2) opposite 3) improved 4) luxuries

5) benefited 6) obviously 7) consciously 8) fractures

9) eternal 10) groundbreaking 11) entitled 12) correlation

13) depends 14) exclusively

Translation (P54)

1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.

1) He really knows a lot about theory, but when it comes to actual work, he seems to be quite ignorant.

2) The latest survey shows that the majority of the citizens support the government’s plan to build

a new library.

3) The two countries could reach agreement successfully on scientific and technological cooperation because several factors favorable to their cooperation had been at work.

4) I saw the film when I was in the primary school, but the title just won’t come to mind for the moment.

5) He has been stuck with heavy debt though he works about twelve hours every day on average.

6) Is it necessary to know his height? To me, it is not relevant to whether he can be a good lawyer or not.

7) The cupboard is built into the wall so that it both saves space and is convenient to use.

8) These workers earn more than we do, but the other side of the coin is their job is more dangerous.

9) Helen majors in economics at the university and at the same time she studies philosophy as her second major.

10) What is most important is that you must find out and solve the problems by yourselves. It makes no difference whether I go there or not.

2. Translate the following paragraph into English.

Nowadays, many people are enjoying the benefits brought about by material and technological advances unimaginable in previous eras. With the development of science and technology, people’s standard of living is getting higher and higher. People’s life expectancy has soared, too.

However, oddly enough, many people do not feel happier than they used to be. It can be seen that there is no close correlation between people’s income and their happiness. Happiness cannot, after all, be bought with money.

Although the majority of people are not very satisfied with their lives, they are happy to be alive, and the more time they get on earth, the better off they feel they’ll be. What is important is that material wealth is far from enough. People need spiritual happiness, too.

Theme-Related Writing (P56)

Sample Essay:

The Impact of the Mobile Phone on People’s Lives

Among the many technological inventions, the mobile phone impresses me most.

The mobile phone brings considerable convenience to our lives. It not only enables us to keep in touch with each other almost anytime and anywhere but also helps us solve problems or do business efficiently. In emergencies, a mobile phone can even be a life-saver. Besides, its multi-functions add ease and color to our lives. With a mobile phone, we can receive mail, read news, listen to music, play games, and take pictures.

Yet, the mobile phone has its disadvantages, too. Most of us have experienced the nuisance of unwanted or wrong calls. We are inconvenienced by calls on occasions when we least expect one. Besides, the technology infrastructure to support mobile communication has consumed valuable natural resources and caused significant environmental problems. It is reported that electromagnetic radiation waves from the phone may result in health problems.

Despite its negative side, the advantages of the mobile phone outweigh its disadvantages. I believe that with advances in science and technology, improved and safer models of mobile phones will surely serve us still better.

The End of Unit 2 of Book 4

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