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Unit 4 Body language

导读：当你既不能说，也不能听懂英语时，你仍然能与他人交流吗？手势语也是语言交流的一个重要形式。并且比你会说还要重要13倍。

Body language is an important part of communication which can make up 50 percent or more of what we are communicating. If you wish to communicate well, then it makes sense to understand how you can (and cannot) use your body to say what you mean.

Whether you realize it or not, your body sends unmistakable signals to people around you. You do communicate volumes of information about yourself with your posture, face expression and position of your arms and legs. You do it all the time.

In other words, before you even open your mouth, the people around you have already made a certain opinion about you — and as you know, first impressions last.

All in all, your body language and the tone of your voice make up a whopping 93% of your communication with other people!

This means that how you say it is 13 times more important than what you say.

Most people are spending all their time thinking of what to say. While they could have learned only once how to say it —and say nearly anything with grandiose success.

请根据语义及提示写出单词

1. A thick overcoat is a good d__________ against the cold.

2. Heavy footsteps signaled the teacher's a__________.

3. In g__________，your plan is good.

4. The m__________ subjects in senior high schools are Chinese，English and mathematics.

5. You say he is easy－going, but I never feel at e__________ with him.

6. As a critic，his writing is far too__________(主观的)。

7. We both are not in time; I think there must be some __________ (误会) over the time.

8. As you __________ (接近) the school the first building you see is the teaching building.

9. The picture __________(描绘，描述) a hunting scene in which there is an ancient king.

defense 2. approach 3. general

4. major

5. ease

6.subjective

7. Misunderstanding 8. approach

9. represents 10. likely

10. I will stay at home this evening; she is very __________(很可能)to ring me tonight.

请根据语义写出短语

1. be __________ to do 很可能做……；有希望做……

2. __________ face 丢脸

3. defend __________ 保卫……以免受

4. at __________ 舒适；快活；自由自在

5. in __________ 总的来说；大体上

likely 2. lose 3. against/from

4. ease

5. general

1. Most people around the world now greet each other by shaking hands, but some cultures use other greetings as well, such as the Japanese, who prefer to bow.(P26)

2. We can often be wrong about each other, so it is an amazing thing that we understand each other as well as we do！(P30)

① curious adj.

根据语境猜词义

(1) The foreign tourists were surrounded by the curious children.

(2) Poetry also calls up the colors, feeling, experiences and curious images of a dream world.

(3) He is suffering from a curious disease.

根据语义找匹配

奇妙的

B. 好奇的

C. 奇怪的

(1) B(2) A(3) C

① curious adj.

链接

curiosity n. 好奇心、求知欲

curiously adv. 好奇地

短语

be curious about 对……感到好奇

be curious to do 急于做/极想做

out of curiosity 出于好奇

① curious adj.

单项填空

()(1) I was ______ to find out what he said.

A. strange

B. amusing

C. curious

D. conscious

C考查形容词词义辨析。be curious to do 急于做/极想做。strange 奇怪的；amusing 令人快乐的；conscious 有意识的。

① curious adj.

()(2) (2010·天津)People have always been______ about exactly how life on earth began.

A. curious

B. excited

C. anxious

D. careful

A考查形容词的意义和用法。句意：人们一直对于地球生命的起源感到好奇。根据介词about后面宾语从句的意义，可以确定前面表示的是好奇，be curious about 是“对……感到好奇”的意思。

① curious adj.

根据语境猜词义

(1) Spring is approaching. Everything is awaking.

(2) As we approached the woods, fresh air is coming towards us.

(3) He is in his sixties and approaching retirement.

② approach n．&v.

根据语义找匹配

(时间上)临近，接近

B. (空间上)走近，靠近

(1) A(2) B(3)A

② approach n．&v.

辨析

approach/way/method/means

approach 除“方法”之外，还有“接近”的意思。 an approach to(介词)。 way 一般用语，指解决问题的具体办法或途径，也指个人的特殊的“方式、方法”，常常构成：in the way 用这种方法；the way to do/the way of doing (to为不定式) “做某事的方法”。

② approach n．&v.

method 着重指系统的、科学的有条理办事方法或解决问题的思路，构成“with a method 用一种方法”和“the method of ＋名词”结构。

means 指任何用来达到目的的东西，可指器具、工具、机器等，也可指行动、方法、策略、手段等。其单复数同形，构成“by means of 通过……方法” 结构。

② approach n．&v.

温馨提示

在使用这几个词时，注意它们的搭配：

(1) 句型搭配

the way of ＋ n. / doing sth.

the way to do sth.

the method of ＋ n.

the approach to ＋ n. / doing sth.

② approach n．&v.

(2) “用这种方法”表达方法

in this way

by this means

with this method

② approach n．&v.

单项填空

()There is no easy ______ to the mathematics problem.

A. way

B. means

C. method

D. approach

D考查名词与介词的搭配辨析。approach方法，与to连用，表示“……的方法”，而means翻译为“方式”，不可与to连用。method与with 搭配。way则与of 连用，和to连用时，to为不定式。

② approach n．&v.

③ major n．v.&adj.

根据语境猜词义

(1) Chinese, maths and English are three major subjects.

(2) He is majoring in English.

(3) He is a history major.

根据语义找匹配

主修

B. ……专业的学生

C. 主要的(主要做定语，无比较级)

(1) C(2) A(3) B

③ major n．v.&adj.

链接

majority n. 大多数，大部分

反义词： minority 少数

the majority of 大多数

辨析

major/main/chief

major adj. 较大的，主要的

main adj. 最重要的，主要的

chief adj.主要的，最重要的；职位/ 职称最高级别的；n. 部落首领；领袖，总裁

③ major n．v.&adj.

④ defend v.

根据语境猜词义

(1) We shall defend our country, whatever the cost may be.

(2) The defense of the accused was rather weak.

(1) A(2) B

根据语义找匹配

捍卫；保卫

B. 辩护

④ defend v.

短语

in defence of 保卫，为……辩护

defend…of(后接被保护者)

defend…from/ against (后接入侵者或造成危害者)

④ defend v.

辨析

defend/protect/guard/preserve/reserve

defend 含有采取措施抵御或击退外来威胁或攻击，另外defend还有“辩护”的意思。

The soldiers are defending the island against invasion.

protect常含有提供安全的方式来驱开不适、伤害或进攻。

She wore the sunglasses to protect her eyes from the sunlight.

④ defend v.

guard 含有“看守”的意思。

The warehouse is guarded and is very safe.

preserve 指采取措施维护……的安全。

It is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order. reserve保留，保存(to keep for special use)

I reserve the right to disagree.

④ defend v.

单项填空

()We should defend ourselves ______ the traffic accident while walking home from school.

A. against

B. with

C. in

D. of

A考查固定短语。defend…against 后接造成危害的东西；defend…of后接被保护者。所以答案是A。

④ defend v.

⑤ be likely to do

She is likely to lose the election.

根据语境be likely to do意为：______。

有可能。

辨析

likely/possible/probable

likely是常用词，指从表面上看很有可能。主语既可以是人也可以是物。可以说sb./sth. be likely to do或it's likely that…，但是不可以说 It is likely for sb. to do。

possible强调客观上有可能，但含有实际上可能性很小的意思。主语不可以是人，只能是用it作形式主语。构成It is possible for sb. to do sth.或It is possible that…

⑤ be likely to do

probable 语气比possible强，主要强调有根有据、合情合理的推测，含有“很

有可能，十有八九”的意思。构成It is probable for sb. to do sth. 。作表语时，主语不能是人或动词不定式。

⑤ be likely to do

单项填空

()(1) It's nearly eleven o'clock and mother ______ walk in at any moment.

A. is possible to

B. is probable to

C. is likely to

D. is able to

C考查likely/ possible/probable的辨析。当主语是人时，只能用sb. be likely to do sth.句式，所以答案是C。

⑤ be likely to do

()(2) I think the team of your class will be ______ to win, but you have to work harder.

A. possible

B. likely

C. probable

D. certain

B possible和 probable只能构成It's ＋ adj.＋to do sth.句式；certain 是“一定、理所当然”，根据but you have to work harder判断，没有十足的把握，所以答案是B。

⑤ be likely to do

⑥ lose (one's) face

根据语境猜词义

When Tom failed to beat his opponent, he felt he had lost his face with his friends.

根据语境，lose (one's) face的语义是：______。

没面子、丢脸。

链接

save (one's) face挽回面子

lose heart 灰心，泄气

lose one's heart to 爱上，钟情于

lose one's temper 生气；发脾气

lose one's life 献出生命；丧生

lose one's way 迷路

lose courage 丧失勇气

⑥ lose (one's) face

lose weight 减肥

lose sight of 看不见

lose touch with 与……失去联系

⑥ lose (one's) face

单项填空

()In order not to ______， he spent the whole night preparing for the speech of next day.

A. lose courage

B. lose heart

C. lose face

D. lose voice

C考查动词短语的辨析。lose courage丧失勇气；lose heart灰心，泄气； lose face 丢脸；lose one's voice失声。根据语境：为了不丢面子，他花了一晚上的时间准备第二天的演讲。所以答案是C。

⑥ lose (one's) face

⑦ The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.(P26)

第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼·加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅·史密斯。

the first person to arrive中是动词不定式to arrive作定语，修饰先行词the first person。动词不定式作定语，我们应该注意以下问题：

(1) 注意非谓语动词动作所发生的时间都是在谓语动词之后。与先行词是主动关系，就用to do; 形成被动关系，就用to be done。

Everyone to visit the Great Wall sign here, please.

凡去参观长城的人请在这儿报名。

⑦ The first person to arrive

(2) 由only, last, next, 序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式作定语。动词不定式作定语要放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。

She was the only one to get a scholarship.

她是唯一得到奖学金的人。

(3) 当谓语动词是have 或get作“有”讲时，动词不定式的主动与被动取决于句中有没有其逻辑主语参与动词不定式这一活动，有，就用主动式；没有，就用其被动式。

⑦ The first person to arrive

I'll go to the post office because I have something to post. Do you have something to be posted?

(4) 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词

是不定式动作的地点、工具，不定式后面须加相应的介词。 She is looking for a room to live in.

她在寻找一间房子住。

⑦ The first person to arrive

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