新版牛津8BU7知识点

8BU7

1、need 行为动词需要

sb. need to do sth. I need to repair my bike.

sth. need doing My bike needs repairing.

情态动词need do sth.

He need leave right now.

2、You have some pocket money left.

left leave的过去分词作后置定语修饰money 表示被动和完成

There are many books left for us. 剩下很多给我们的书。

3、修饰形容词或者副词比较级的单词: much ; a little ;any ;even ;far

The box is much bigger than that one. 这个盒子比那个大得多。

He runs a little faster than his friend. 他比他朋友跑得快一点。

4、especially 尤其；特别用来对前面所述的事件作进一步的说明

It’s especially hot today. 今天天气特别热。

He likes all subjects,especially English. 他喜欢所有的学科，尤其是英语。

especially 专门地；特地的强调唯一的目的

He came here specially to say sorry to her. 他特意来这里向他道歉。

He returned to his hometown specially to see his sick mother. 他回到家乡专门看望生病的母亲。

5、basic 基础的

basic needs 基本需求basic education 基础教育

6、education 教育n.[U]

He has very little education.他几乎没受过什么教育。

当education特指某个人的教育或某一种或一段教育可以与不定冠词连用

He has had a good education. 他受过良好的教育。

educate v. educational adj. 有教育意义的

7、be equal in 在某方面相同

That two men are equal in ability.这两个人能力相同。

be equal to 等于；能胜任；能应付

This is equal to saying that he knows her well. 这就等于说他很熟悉她。

8、阻止某人做某事

prevernt...from doing sth. We must prevent the water from being polluted.

keep...from doing sth. I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.

stop...from doing sth. What stopped him from coming here?

保护......不受......伤害

protect.....from doing sth. You had better wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from the sun.

9、spread-spread-spread

10、interviewer n. 采访者

interview v. 采访interview sb.

n. 接见；采访；面试have an interview with sb.

11、blind adj. 失明的

blindness n. 失明

以-ness结尾的名词：sadness illness uselessness goodness coldness happiness

kindness carelessness

12、most = very 很；非常（不要加定冠词）

It’s most dangerous to play with fire. 玩火是很危险的。

almost = very nearly 指在程度上相差很少与no ; none ; nothing ; never ;nobody 等表

示否定的词连用。

Almost no one believed what he said. 几乎没人相信他的话。

mostly = mainly 大部分；主要地；通常地

The students in our class are mostly from the factory. 我们班的学生主要来自这家工厂。

13、cure 强调结果；指治愈某种疾病或某人的疾病

cure sb. of ...... The doctors cured her of her cancer. 医生们治好了她的癌症。

treat 强调过程treatment n.

treat sb. for...... Which doctor is treating you for your illness? 哪个医生在给你看病？

treat 对待treat......as...... 把......作为.....对待

14、medical adj. 医学的；医疗的

medicine n.医学；药学；药[U]

15、patient n. 病人

adj. 有耐心的

be patient of...... 能忍受......的

be patient with......对.....有耐心

You’ll have to be patient with my mother; she’s going rather deaf. 你对我母亲得有耐心；她耳朵越来越背了。

16、afford to do sth. 负担得起......；买得起......

They walked because they couldn’t afford to take a taxi.他们因为坐不起计程车而步行。

17、go to hospital = go to a doctor 去看病

You are ill,and you’d better go to hospital.

你生病了，最好去看医生。

18、by + 动名词通过某种方式

He always studies English by watching English movies.

他总是通过看电影的方式来学习英语。

19、operate v. 做手术operate on sb. 给某人做手术

operation n.手术do operations on sb. 给某人做手术

Now the doctors are operating on a little boy. 现在医生正在给一个小男孩做手术。

Now the doctors are doing an operation on a little boy.

20、proud adj. 骄傲的；自豪的be proud of

pride n. 骄傲；自豪take pride in

I hope you are proud of yourself. 我希望你以自己为傲。

21、develop v. 发展

She won more money to develop her own business.

她赢了更多的钱，用以扩展自己的企业。

developed adj. 发达的American is a developed country. 美国是一个发达国家。

developing adj. 发展中的China is a developing country. 中国是一个发展中国家。

22、carry on doing sth. 继续做某事

carry on with sth. 继续某事

go on 继续work on 继续工作keep on 持续live on 以......而生活

23、by 的用法

①介词在.....旁；靠近

Our teacher was sitting by the window. 我们的老师正坐在窗户的旁边。

②介词经过

He walked by me without speaking. 他走过我的身旁，没有说话。

③介词用；靠；通过

They can read by touch. 他们可以通过触摸来阅读。

④介词不迟于

I shall be back by 5 o’clock.最迟五点我一定回来。

24、hand out 分发；提出

hand in 交上，提交

hand down 传下去

hand over 移交；交出

25、include v. 包括，包含

It’s a famous theme park and includes four different parks.

including prep. 包括；包含

Many topics are covered in the course, including travel and hotels,food and drink,shopping and money.

26、because + 句子

I didn’t go to school because I was ill. 因为生病我没有去上学。

because of + 名词；代词，动名词

I didn’t go to school because of my illness. 因为生病我没有去上学。

27、by, with, in 表示“用” 、“通过”……方法、手段、工具的用法辨析

by①以……方法、手段②指搭乘某种交通工具,③表示传达、传递的方式或煤介；

He makes a living by selling newspapers.

My brother gets to school by bus every day.

with ①表示用…工具（具体有形的工具）②(表材料或内容)以，用……来填充

He broke the window with a stone.

in表示用…方式，用…语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等；

What's this in English?

补充：

by的其它用法

①by还在被动语态中用于引出动作的发出者。by 与时间连用意为“不迟于”

②“by +抽象名词”构成的词组有：by accident 偶然的by chance 意外地，偶然地by heart 默记，背诵by luck侥幸地，由于运气好by mistake无意中做错了某事，错误地

注意：

在表示“乘坐”时，by与take 的区别

by 为介词，与交通工具搭配，其后只能接交通工具的原形，且交通工具不能加任何词。如: by bike, by bus, by car, by plane=by air, by ship=by sea

而take为动词，与交通工具搭配时，其后的交通工具可为单数或复数形式，且交通工具前可加冠词及形物代。

如：take a bus或take buses, take the train, take his car,

with的其它用法

①和……在一起，

②有，伴有，附有

③复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”是一个很有用的结构，它在句中主要用作状语，

表示伴随、原因、时间、条件、方式等；其中的宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、介词短语等：

I went out with the windows open. 我外出时没有关窗户。

He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低着头站在老师面前。

He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl. 他去世时，女儿还是个小学生。

28、organize 组织v. organization n. 组织

29、What’s the matter (with) 怎么了= What’s wrong with.....?

= What happened to ......?

30、have a check 检查

check in 登记入住

check out 结账离开

31、be afraid to do 指的是按照经验或常识不敢去做某事，或没有勇气去做某事。

I’m afraid to jump into the river. 我不敢跳进河中。

He was afraid to go out at night. 他晚上不敢出去。

be afraid of doing 主要用来谈论一件自己(指句子主语)不希望也不能决定而可能突然发生

在自己头上的事，这种事往往带有一种疑惧性，即可能发生也可能不发生，只是自己有这样一种得心(即担心发生)。

She was afraid of waking her husband. 她怕吵醒她丈夫。

I was afraid of hurting his feelings. 我怕伤了他的感情。

32、make up one’s mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事