大学英语虚拟语气练习

虚拟语气

1．表示主观愿望、建议、假想、虚拟、委婉的请求和祝愿等。

2．虚拟条件句：真实条件句和非真实条件句。

1）如果假设的情况是可能发生或实现的，那就是真实条件句。

If you have no electricity, the computer doesn’t work.

2）如果假设的情况或发生的可能性不大或几乎没有，就是非真实条件句，或虚拟条件句。

If the human population had not increased so rapidly, people would have had more space and more freedom.

If my daughter had time, she would study French and German too.

If I had known those odds(概率、机遇) 20 years ago, things might have turned out differently.

How would Kate function if Chris were to die first?

If I had a million dollars, I wouldn’t have lived anywhere else.

If he lived a long life, chances are good that their children will also live a long life.

3）有些虚拟条件句不用if从句表现出来，而是通过介词、介词短语、动词不定式短语、抽象名词、动名词短语、形容词比较级、名词---分词组成的独立主格结构、并列句、定语从句、状语从句等形式表现出来。如：without, with, under, but for, except for, given more time, but that, given that, or, otherwise, or else, but, when, on condition, unless, supposing等。

He didn’t come to the meeting yesterday; otherwise he would have met the new manager.

One scream and I would have been taken to the car and lectured on my behavior.

But for Gordon, we would have lost the match.

He’s been watching the water rising for 2 hours, preparing to meet his destiny, as it were ----- before help arrived.

4）在书面语中，条件从句可以不用连词if，而将从句中的助动词should/had/were置于句首，从而构成倒装虚拟句。如：

Had I not been so busy, I should have called on you.

My parents would have killed me had I done some of the things I endure from today’s youth.

Were she not so handicapped, we would take her to the Alps. (正确)

Weren’t she so handicapped, we would take her to the Alps. (错误，因为在倒装虚拟句中，不用否定分句的缩写形式。)

5）If only是if的强化形式，表示讲话人所祈愿的事情会发生、正在发生或早该发生。谓语动词常用过去时、过去完成时形式以及和情态动词would连用。条件分句总是放在主句之前，意为“要是、只要”、“但愿、要是…就好了”。如：

If only you would help me next week, I would not be so nervous.

If only somebody had told us, we could have warned you.

If only I had listened to my parents.

If only he were not so timid.

6）还有一种类似的结构在主动词的前面要带only，just或but。如：

If I could just make them understand my point of view. 但愿我能让他们明白我的观点。

If I could but explain. 要是我能解释一下就好了。

3．虚拟预期也可用于由as if, as though等连词所引导的让步状语从句和表语从句中，以及像wish 和suppose这样的动词后面的名词性分句中。如：

That tree looked as if it hadn’t been watered for a long time.

Drumming fingers on the window, it’s as if he senses a presence at the window.

I wish I had the faith of the man who wrote the letter.

Just suppose everyone were/was to give up smoking and drinking.

Although I am not sorry I decided to become a journalist, I wish that early on I had chosen to become a therapist. (对过去发生的事情表示遗憾、后悔，从句谓语动词用had done或would/could + have done。尽管我对我决心要当一名记者并不感到遗憾，我仍愿当初选择当一名治疗专家。)

Oh, Beast, I wish I could consent to marry you. (对将来发生的事情表示祝愿，从句谓语动词用would/could + v.。哦，怪物，我希望我能答应嫁给你。)

4．命令性虚拟语气由should + v.组成，should可省略，用在that分句中。表示愿望、建议、命令、意志、惊讶等语气。请记住以下的标志词：

1）一些表示愿望、建议、请求、命令等含义的动词的宾语从句。这类常见的动词有advise, ask, beg,, command, decide, demand, deserve, desire, determine, insist, instruct, move(动议、提议), order, prefer, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest, urge等。如：

The teachers all recommended that German be the first elective subject in this semester.

They urged that the library be kept open during the holidays.

It is moved that the meeting be put off.

**但是，当suggest意为“暗示”，insist意为“坚持、坚决认为”时，宾语从句应用陈述语气。如：Helen insisted that she had heard someone knocking at the door.

2）用于It is + adj. + that…句型中。常见的形容词有advisable, amazing, appropriate, astonishing, best, desirable, essential, important, natural, necessary, normal, odd, preferable, proper, shocked, sorry, strange, surprising, unusual, urgent, vital等。如：

It is vital that she have a job to support her family.

3）用于表语从句。句子主语常常是advice, decision, demand, desire, idea, instruction, motion, order, pray, preference, proposal, recommendation, requirement, resolution, suggestion, wish等。以及由上述名词所引导的同位语从句。如：

His sole requirement is/was that the system work.

Your advice that she wait till next week is reasonable.

5．其他分散的虚拟句：

1）用于It is (high, about) time (that)…的句型中，其从句谓语动词用过去时---is、过去完成时---was。表示建议，意为“该是…的时候了”。如：

It is about time that you got down to business.

There was a knock at the door. It was the second time that someone had interrupted me that evening.

2）在would rather, would (just)as soon, would sooner, would prefer + v.等表示愿望的宾语从句中，谓语动词一般用过去式。只有在有过去时间状语时，从句谓语动词才用过去完成时。如：

I’d rather he called me tomorrow.

I’d rather not have the operation unless it is absolutely necessary.

3）在由lest, for fear that, in case, so that引导的状语从句中，谓语多用should + v.，should可省略，意为“以防…，生怕…，惟恐…”。注意：in case引导的状语从句，其谓语动词不一定用should + v.，也可用陈述语气。如：

We constantly worried lest a wolf kill one of our fowls or calves, or thieves drive off the horses.

I’ll let you know in case they come by here.

Even in homes where money was tight, no sacrifice was too great in order that the child have whatever he needed to learn to become a musician.

I don’t let him climb trees in case he tears his trousers.

4）在though, whatever, if, so long as, whoever, however, whichever, no matter (what, how, who), whether等连接代词或副词引导的状语从句用虚拟语气。此时，谓语动词用动词原形，表示推测、让步等含义。如。

If any person be found guilty, he would be punished.

Everyone was born equal, whether he be black or white.

Whatever be the reason, he refused to go.

Though he be the President himself, he shall hear us.

Come what may, we will go ahead with our plan. (= Whatever may happen,…)

5）用于公式化的表达中，表示祝愿、诅咒、禁止等意义。它主要用在独立分句中的固定结构中，有动词原形构成。公式化的虚拟语气在语体上往往显得很正式而过分守旧。如：

Heaven help u s！(愿上天能帮我们的忙！)

Far be it from me to spoil the fun. (我决不会扫兴。)

虚拟语气

全真试题

1. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _______ to the meeting.

a) had come b) came c) would come d) would have come

2. The hostess insisted that everyone present _______ a short speech of congratulation.

a) would give b)must give c) give d) gave

3. I think it is about time we _____ our journey to the sea shore.

a) should start b)started c)start d)are starting

4. It is vital that we ____ every measure to protect the beautiful scenery around the lake.

a) must take b) will take c) have to take d) take

5. No one would imagine that this city was just a night’s journey from here. It seemed as though ______ in another world.

a) it to be b) it were c) it has been d)it being

6.I’d rather you ______ by train, because I can not bear the idea of your flying in an airplane in such a

short time.

a) would go b) will go c) went d)go

7. Without your help, we ______ so much in such a short time.

a) will not achieve b) didn’t achieve c) don’t achieve d) would not have achieve

8 It is demanded that more evidence ______ about the murder case.

a) be given b) gives c) will be given d) was given

9. Your proposal that she ____ till next week in wise.

a) wait b) waiting c) will wait d) waited

10. The teacher was very strict and requested that we ______ TV on weekdays.

a) Not to watch b) did not watch c) not watch d) must not watch

11. The plants would have grown all right if she _____ them properly.

a) had watered b) watered c) had watered d) waters

12 We consider it necessary that a plan _____ in advance.

a) be made b) to be made c) should make d) will be made

13. Had I been peter, I ______ that way.

a) won’t talk b) didn’t talk c) wouldn’t have talked d) wouldn’t talk

14.But for his intelligence, we _____ able to achieve it.

a) would never have been b) were never c) had never been d)shall never be

15. Should green plants disappear some day, ______ on the earth.

a) there will hardly be any b) will there hardly be any life

c) would there hardly be any life d) there would hardly be any life

16. Were it not for television, we ______ the events that are happening in other places.

a) cannot see b) could not see c) cannot have seen d) could not have seen

自测题

I．填空题

1.If there ___________ (be) no gravity, we should not be able to walk.

2. Ann wants to tell tom, but I’d rather she ___________ (not tell) him.

3. It is high time you____________ (give) a severe lecture for being often late.

4. ___________ he __________ (withdraw) our support, they would be justifiably indignant.

5. Though the whole world ____________ (condemn) him, I will still believe in him.

6.But for your arriving there in time, I probably ____________ (leave) for Shanghai.

7. We strongly urge that you ___________ (not interfere) in this matter.

8. We did not know his phone number, otherwise we ____________ (telephone) him.

9. Heaven ____________ (help) the sailors on a light like this.

10. If only she __________ (not play) the violin in the middle of the night, she’d be an ideal guest.

11. Without your help, we ___________ (kill).

12. He’s a sort of Japanese Marlon Brando, as it ___________ (be).

13. It is necessary that an efficient worker ___________ (accomplish) his work on time.

14. His proposal is that the dam ___________ (build) at the foot of the mountain.

15. He was terrified lest he __________ (slip) on the icy rocks.

II. 选择题

1. If it ______ to much troubles, I’d love a cup of tea.

a) isn’t b) wasn’t c) weren’t d) hadn’t been

2. It is strange that the girl ______ without telling us.

a) went away b) goes away c) should have gone away d) should go away

3. He must have had an accident, or he ______ now.

a) would have been there b) had to be here c) should be here d) would be here

4. If you ______ that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be sleepy.

a) did not watch b) hadn’t watched c) watched d) had watched

5. Look at the terrible situation I am in. If only I _____ your advice.

a) follow b) had followed c) would follow d) have followed

6. ______ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.

a) Had they arrived b) Would the arrive

c) Were they arriving d) Were they to arrive

7. I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.

a) could have slept b) slept c) might have slept d) have slept

8. It is recommended that the project ______ until all the preparations have been made.

a) is not started b) will not be started c) not be started d) is not to be started.

9. I don’t think it advisable that tom _____ to the job since he had no experience.

a) Is assigned b) be assigned c) will be assigned d) had been assigned

10. Had he worked harder, he _____ the exams.

a)must have got through b) would have got through

c) would get through d) could get through

11. It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios ______ after 11 o’clock at night.

a) were not played b) not to play c) not be played d) did not play

12. If he _______ on tourists for his business, he would have closed his shop.

a) depends b) has depended c) depended d) had depended

13. He took his raincoat with him lest it _____.

a) would rain b) should rain c) rains d) rained

14. If only I _____ a few minutes earlier!

a) came b) come c) have come d) had come

15. God _____ him.

a) bless b) blesses c) would bless d) should bless

16. I would just as soon you ______ the letter right away.

a) posted b) should post c) post d) will post

17. Whatever ______ the reasons for their action, we cannot tolerate such disloyalty.

a) be b) is c) was d) will be

18. It is our wish that he _____ what he pleases.

a) does b) do c) did d) should do

19 It was essential that the application forms ______ back before the deadline.

a) must be sent b) would be sent c) should be sent d) were sent

20.Iif he were interested in buying the property, he ______ an offer before now.

a) would have made b) would make c) must have made d) had made

21.We feel it is urgent that this deficiency_______ early in a student’s college career.

a) is corrected b) was corrected c) be corrected d) would be corrected

22.Araham Lincoln insisted that ______ not just on mere opinion but on moral purpose.

a) to base democracy b)for democracy to be based

c) democracy be based d) whenever democracy is based

23.Was it necessary that my uncle ____ informed?

a) be b) was c) were d) would be

24. If it hadn’t been for your help, we _____ in the experiments within such a short period time.

a) couldn’t succeed b) couldn’t have succeeded

c) shouldn’t succeed d) shouldn’t have succeeded

25. John went to the stadium by taxi yesterday, otherwise he ______ the game,

a) would miss b) would have missed c) missed d) had missed

III. 改错题

1. Sammy looks as though he has never got a square meal, but in face his parents feed him very well.

2. Was john here now, he would explain the whole matter.

3. I sometimes wish that my university is as large as yours.

4. I wish I started to study mathematics years ago.

5. Our principal, Mr. Smith, requested that we did not watch TV on week nights.

6. It is high time that the controversies put an end to.

7. He looked like he had been in some strange land where age advanced at a double pace.

8. I would just as soon you hadn’t driven the car while I’m gone.

9. Oh, if he only knows how we miss him.

10. Suppose that the teacher will catch us wasting time.

精选虚拟语气练习题含答案

虚拟语气练习题 一．用所给动词的适当形式填空： Part A. 1.If people ______(drive) more slowly, there wouldn’t be so many accidents. 2.If you had worked carefully, you _____(not make) so many mistakes. 3.The boat wouldn’t have drifted away, if we _____ (tie) it up. 4.If I had known you already ____(have) a typewriter, I ____(not, buy) one for your birthday. 5.If he _____(be) here this afternoon I would go with him. 6.If it were to rain tomorrow, the match _____(postpone). 7.But for your help, we ______(not be) able to finish the work in time. 8.If it _____(not, be) for the leadership of the Party, we would not have achieved so much. 9.I wish I _____(study) hard while I was young. 10.It is about time that fence ______(mend). 11.My request is that we ______(hold) another session to discuss the problem. 12.It is strange that the car _____(break) down at exactly the same place where it _____(break)down yesterday. 13.The baby smiled as if he _____(understand) what his mother _____(say). 14.He talked as if he ____(do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I _____(do) most of it. 15.If only we _____(have) a phone! I’m tired of queuing outside the public phone box.

【英语】中考英语虚拟语气真题汇编(含答案)

【英语】中考英语虚拟语气真题汇编(含答案) 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．– I coughed a lot last night. What should I do? – If I _____ you, I would go to see the doctor at once. A．am B．were C．was 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析: 句意：昨晚我不停地咳嗽，我应该怎么办？哪果我是你，我就会马上去看医生。此句为虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”，故选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．I don’t understand how you got a ticket. I always you a careful driver. A．think; are B．am thinking; are C．thought; were D．think; were 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我不明白你是怎么得到罚单的。我一直以为你是一个谨慎的司机。考查动词时态辨析题。本句是虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，需用一般过去时；根据句意结构，可知选C。 3．--- If I_______ one million dollars, I would give it to medical research. ---If I _______ you, I would give it to charity. A．will have, am B．would have, was C．had, were D．have, is 【答案】C 【解析】考察虚拟语气。第一空，虚拟语气，与现在相反，用过去时。第二空，虚拟语气，与现在相反，用过去时，be动词用were。故选C 4．--What would you do if you ____ a million dollars? --I’d give it to the charity A．win B．won C．will win D．is to win 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果你赢了一百万美元，你要做什么？——我会把它捐给慈善机构。结合语境可知条件从句中描述的是与将来相反的事实，故用一般过去时态，选B。 考点：if引导的条件状语从句 点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中

高三年级英语语法-虚拟语气全总结

虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 ①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句 在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。否定句时not留在原来位置不变。如： If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句 常用的介词有with, without, but for。如： What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars)

英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

虚拟语气: 表示说的话不是事实，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，表达一种愿望、建议、假设。 if were/did, would do if had done, would have done if were to do/should do, would do 举例： If I were you, I would do nothing about it. If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低)，they wouldn’t go shopping. 附注： 虚拟语气，条件状从倒装 状语从句中，去掉if,提前were/ had/ should 如：If I were you, I would give up. →Were I you, I would give up If you had taken the advice, you would have…. →Had you taken the advice, you would have… If the world shou ld come to an end,…… →Should the world come to an end…… 另外，without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及，publicity 宣传) Without your help, I would have failed. We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat.（表示可能性小）

虚拟语气的用法及经典练习题(附答案)

虚拟语气
概念
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通 过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。
应用条件 在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或某种强 烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。即当一个人 说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。 在非真实条件状语从句中的用法 真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况，故 采用虚拟语气。 例： If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。 ( 真实 ) If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。 （真实） If I were you, I would go at once. 如果我是你，我马上就会去。 （非真实，虚拟语气） If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气，人就会死亡。 （非真实，虚拟语气） 用法及动词形式
从句
主句
If+ 主语 +did 与现在事实相反 （ be 动 词 were ）
主语 +should/would/ could/might+do
主语 +should/would/ 与过去事实相反 If+ 主语 +had done could/might+have done
1.If+ 主语 +did 主语 +should/would/ 与将来事实相反 2.If+ 主语 +were to could/might+do 3.If+ 主语 +should 例句： 1 、表示与现在事实相反的情况： 例： 1. If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。 （事实：我不可能是你） 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。 （事实：不知道） 1 2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.

高中英语语法(虚拟语气)

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