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2015.语文中考2015.语文中考054 海南(word版,含答案)

2015.语文中考2015.语文中考054 海南(word版,含答案)
2015.语文中考2015.语文中考054 海南(word版,含答案)

海南省2015年初中毕业生学业水平考试

语文科试题

(温馨提示:本卷满分120分,考试时间120分钟,请将答案写在答题卡上。)一、基础知识与运用(20分)

1.根据拼音,将相应的汉字工整、规范、美观地书写在米字格内。(2分)孜孜不juàn持之以héng

2.阅读下面文段,按要求答题。(4分)

我最受用的有两句话:一是“责任心”,二是“趣味”。我自己常常力求这两句话之实现与调和,又常常把这两句话向我的朋友强聒.(kuò)不舍。今天所讲,敬业即是责任心,乐业即是趣味。我人类合理的生活总该如此,我盼望诸.(zhě)君和我一同受用!

自梁启超《敬业与乐业》)

(1)文段中加点字的注音有误,请将其在横线上改正。(2分)

①kuò改为②zhě改为

(2)在文段的横线上依次填入词语,最恰当的一项是()(2分)A.天生深信B.生平信服

C.天生信服D.生平深信

3.下列句子中加点的成语运用不.恰.当.的一项是()(2分)A.在演讲比赛中,张丽的演讲抑.扬.顿.挫.、慷慨激昂,赢得现场观众的一致好评。

B.语文成绩的提高需要一个循.序.渐.进.的过程,急功近利,投机取巧是不可取的。

C.新来的王校长豁.然.开.朗.,性格谦和,平易近人,老师和同学们都非常喜欢他。

D.走进“天涯海角”景区,我情.不自.禁.地唱起“请到天涯海角来,这里四季春常在……”

4.下列句子没.有.语.病.的一项是()(2分)

A.从咿呀学语,到走入学校,再到进入社会,学习伴随着每个人的一生。

B.语文课程对于发扬和继承中华民族的优秀传统文化具有不可替代的优势。

C.《写字》教材进入海南中小学课堂,目的是为了提高中小学生的汉字书写。

D.科学研究表明:人们在生活中获取信息,大约85%左右是通过视觉得到的。5.下列关于文学作品的表述有.误.的一项是()(3分)

A.《繁星?春水》是现代女作家冰心创作的诗集。作品仿用印度诗人泰戈尔《飞鸟集》的形式,抒写了作者的感想和回忆。

B.《水浒传》的开篇词“滚滚长江东逝水,浪花淘尽英雄……”是对梁山好汉的赞颂。

这部小说的作者是元末明初的罗贯中。

C.《格列佛游记》中的主人公格列佛是一名外科医生,他广闻博见,先后四次出海,历经磨难,见识了不同国度的风土人情。

D.《诗经》是我国最早的一部诗歌总集,又称为“诗三百”。分为“风”“雅”“颂”三部分,常用赋、比、兴手法。《关睢》为其中的开首篇。

6.仿照画线句,在横线上续写一句话,使之与画线的句子构成排比句。(2分)大自然给予我们许多的人生启示:蝉在枝头鸣叫,是为了唱响生命的赞歌;种子在土里静卧,是为了积蓄成长的力量;,。

7.阅读下面材料,写一则招领启事。(5分)

昨天(2015年6月24日)下午,有位同学在学校阅览室拾到一个红色钱包,钱包内有人民币55元,一张饭卡。这位同学把钱包交到了德育处。请你以学校德育处的名义拟写一则招领启事,请失主到学校德育处认领。

二、古诗文积累与阅读(25分)

(一)古诗文默写(8分)

8.(1),壮士十年归。(北朝民歌《木兰诗》)

(2)夕阳西下,。(马致远《天净沙?秋思》)

(3),长河落日圆。(王维《使至塞上》)

(4)何当共剪西窗烛,。(李商隐《夜雨寄北》)

(5),梦回吹角连营。(辛弃疾《破阵子?为陈同甫赋壮词以寄之》)

(6)入则无法家拂士,,国恒亡。(孟子《生于忧患,死于安乐》)

(7)与人交往,应善于取舍别人的优缺点,将别人视为自己的“镜子”,随时“正衣冠”。正如《论语》中所说:“,。”

(二)古诗词阅读(5分)

钱塘湖春行

白居易(唐)

孤山寺北贾亭西,水面初平云脚低。

几处早莺争暖树,谁家新燕啄春泥。

乱花渐欲迷人眼,浅草才能没马蹄。

最爱湖东行不足,绿杨阴里白沙堤。

9.“几处早莺争暖树,谁家新燕啄春泥”这两句诗中的“”字和“”字生动有趣地写出了早春给自然界带来的生机和活力。(2分)

10.诗中哪些景物体现了早春的特点?诗人描绘这些景物表达了怎样的情感?(3分)(三)文言文阅读(12分)

下面两篇文言文,任选一篇作答。(请在答题卡上将选作题号打“√”。只能选答一篇,如果两篇都答,按第一篇计分。)

Ⅰ阅读《伤仲永》,完成第11~14题。(12分)

1金溪民方仲永,世隶耕。仲永生五年,未尝识书具,忽啼求之。父异焉,借旁近与之,即书诗四句,并自为其名。其诗以养父母、收族为意,传一乡秀才观之。自是指物作诗立就,其文理皆有可观者。邑人奇之,稍稍宾客其父,或以钱币乞之。父利其然也,日扳仲永环谒于邑人,不使学。

2余闻之也久。明道中,从先人还家,于舅家见之,十二三矣。令作诗,不能称前时之闻。又七年,还自扬州,复到舅家问焉。曰:“泯然众人矣。”

3王子曰:仲永之通悟,受之天也。其受之天也,贤于材人远矣。卒之为众人,则其受于人者不至也。彼其受之天也,如此其贤也,不受之人,且为众人;今夫不受之天,固众人,又不受之人,得为众人而已耶?(选自人教版教材)

11.下列加点字的注音有误的一项是()(2分)

A.邑.(yì)人奇之B.以钱币乞.(qǐ)之

C.环谒(jiē)于邑人D.泯.(mǐn)然众人矣

12.解释下列加点的词语。(4分)

(1)伤仲永(2)借旁.近.与之

(3)稍稍.宾客其父(4)泯然.众人矣

13.把下列句子翻译成现代汉语。(4分)

(1)未尝识书具。

(2)其文理皆有可观者。

14.仲永由“神童”最终变为了常人,说明了什么道理?(2分)

Ⅱ阅读《晏子使楚》,完成第11~14题。(12分)

1晏子将使楚。楚王闻之,谓左右曰:“晏婴,齐之习辞者也,今方来,吾欲辱之,何以也?”左右对曰:“为其来也,臣请缚一人过王而行。王曰,何为者也?对曰,齐人也。王曰,何坐?曰,坐盗。”

2晏子至,楚王赐晏子酒。酒酣,吏二缚一人诣王。王曰:“缚者曷为者也?”对曰:“齐人也,坐盗。”王视晏子曰:“齐人固善盗乎?”晏子避席对曰:“婴闻之,橘生淮南则为橘,生于淮北则为枳,叶徒相似,其实味不同。所以然者何?水土异也。今民生长于齐不盗,入楚则盗,得无楚之水土使民善盗耶?”王笑曰:“圣人非所与熙也,寡人反取病焉。”

(选自苏教版教材)

11.下列加点字的注音有误的一项是()(2分)

A.缚一人诣.(yì)王B.生于淮北则为枳.(zhǐ)

C.缚者曷.(jiē)为者也D.寡.(guǎ)人反取病焉

12.解释下列加点的词语。(4分)

(1)晏子将使.楚(2)齐之习辞.者也

(3)晏子避.席.对曰(4)入楚则盗.

13.把下列句子翻译成现代汉语。(4分)

(1)吾欲辱之,何以也?

(2)叶徒相似,其实味不同。

14.文中的晏子是个怎样的人?请简要概括。(2分)

三、现代文阅读(25分)

(一)阅读下面文章,完成15~19题。(14分)

特殊的圣诞礼物

〔美〕赛珍珠

1圣诞节前夜,鲍勃躺在床上翻来覆去,想着第二天要干的事。他家里并不富裕,过圣诞节最使他高兴的,就是吃火鸡和母亲做的馅饼。他姐姐每年都要缝制一些圣诞礼物,而父母总给他买些他需要的东西,比如说一本书什么的。而他呢,也总是把零用钱攒起来,给他们每个人都买份礼物。

2他很爱他的父亲,可他父亲从没意识到他的爱,这让他感到很失落。他想,这个圣诞节他就十五岁了,该送给父亲一份更好的礼物,而不是像过去那样,老是到商店里去给他买条普通的领带。他侧身躺在阁楼的床上,眼睛望着窗外,心里琢磨着。

3记得小时候父亲告诉过他,耶稣是在牲口棚里诞生的。还说牧师和圣人来到牲口棚,给人们带来了圣诞礼物。想到这,他忽然闪过一个念头:对啊,我为什么不能在牲口棚里送给爸爸一件特殊的礼物呢?我可以早早起床,悄悄地去牛棚里,一个人给牛添草加料,把奶挤了,并将牛棚打扫得干干净净……这样,爸爸进去挤奶的时候,就会发现所有的事情都干完了。这不就是给父亲的最好礼物吗?他凝望着满天的星斗,不觉得.意.地笑了。

4这一夜,他醒了好多次,每次都要擦根火柴,借着火光看他那只旧表。

5凌晨两点半他就起了床,悄悄下楼,轻轻拉开房门,蹑手蹑脚地走向牛棚。牛棚里,一头奶牛睡眼惺忪地望着他,显出惊奇的样子,好像在说:“你好早啊!”

6过去,他从来没有独自挤过奶,现在觉得似乎要做一件极不简单的事。他开始干起来:给牛添草加料,挤奶,接着打扫牛棚……诸事完成后,他便小心翼翼地关上牛棚的门。

7回到房间,他一看表,离四点只差5分钟了。他赶紧脱掉衣服,跳上床,像地鼠一样钻进被窝,用被子捂住头,尽力控制自己激动的喘息声,生怕父亲听见。这时,房门开了。 8“鲍勃,”父亲的声音,“虽然是圣诞节,但我们也得起来干活啊,孩子。”

9“好——吧——”他故意装作还没睡醒的样子。

10“那我先去了,我得把事情先干起来。”

11门关上了。他仍躺在床上,忍不住笑出了声,想到等一会父亲就会明白一切时,他的心跳得都快蹦出来了。

12也不知道过了多久,他终于听到了父亲的脚步声,接着门开了。

13“鲍勃!”

14“嗯,爸爸——”

15“你这小鬼,”父亲激动得话也被哽住了,“你这家伙骗了我,是不是?”

16“这是给您的圣诞节礼物,爸爸!我爱您!”

17父亲紧紧地搂住了他,双臂在他的后背上下抚摸着,滚烫的泪水滴到了他的面颊上。 18“我也爱你!孩子,我真谢谢你!再没人比这干得更棒了!”

19那一瞬间,他心里猛然一暖,眼睛一下子湿润了,原来爱是需要表达的!

(选自《中学生阅读》有删改。

赛珍珠,美国作家,1938年获诺贝尔文学奖)

15.“特殊的圣诞礼物”在文中具体指的是什么?请摘录原文语句回答。(3分)

16.结合语境,品读下面两个句子,分析加点词语的表达效果。(4分)(1)不觉得.意.地笑了。

(2)父亲紧.紧.地搂住了他。

17.选文第②段中说“可他父亲从没意识到他的爱”,读完文章,请说说父亲是否意识到了他的爱,并简述理由。(2分)

18.请从人物描写或修辞方法的角度赏析第⑦段中画波浪线的句子。(3分)

19.最后一段在全文中有何作用?请从结构和内容两个方面简要回答。(2分)

(二)阅读下面文章,完成第20~23题(11分)

鹦哥岭

1鹦哥岭位于海南省中南部,具有热带雨林面积大、生物物种丰富、原始性强等特点,是我国原始热带雨林中保存最完好的自然保护区,在我国自然保护区体系中有着不可替代的作用。

2 。据调查发现,鹦哥岭保存着我国面积最大的、连片的原始热带雨林,其面积有250多平方公里,而被评为中国最美森林的尖峰岭,其连片的热带雨林也仅为150平方公里,霸王岭、吊罗山、黎母山、五指山则更低。

3 。据调查,鹦哥岭的物种非常丰富,有国家一级重点保护植物5种,二级17种,海南特有物种植物132种;陆栖脊椎动物431种,其中,国家一级重点保护动物4种,二级36种,51种列入中国濒危。在调查中,专家们还不断发现新的物种,如首次发现的伯乐树、鹦哥岭树蛙等十多种动植物新种。专家们认为,鹦哥岭可能还存在着大量未认识的物种。

4 。考察我国热带雨林保护区,包括西双版纳、尖峰岭、霸王岭均在历史上或多或少建立了森林开发利用机构,而鹦哥岭由于山高坡陡,交通闭塞,人烟稀少,绝.大部.分.区域从未有过正规和大规模的开发利用,表现出非常明显的原始特征,有许多地方还从未有过人类足迹,是我国非常少有的一块热带雨林处女地。 5鹦哥岭是海南岛两大河流——南渡江、昌化江的发源地和水源涵养林,主宰着海南岛的水系形态。鹦哥岭还是海南第二高峰,其森林与地形地貌影响着海南全岛气候,一旦森林

植被遭到破坏,将从根本上影响海南岛整体气候,使本岛大部分地区的农业生产遭到毁灭性的打击,后果堪忧。

6近年来,鹦哥岭的知名度越来越高,但随之受到的威胁也越来越严重,乱伐、盗猎等现象时有发生。2007年以来,27名青年大学生志愿者陆续奔赴鹦哥岭,开始了自然保护区的工作,并一直坚守岗位至今。鹦哥岭自然环境的保护工作是长期而艰巨的。让我们都行动起来吧!鹦哥岭在呼唤!

(选自《大百科》有删改)

20.将下列句子还原于文中第②③④段的横线处,顺序正确的一项是()(2分)

a.鹦哥岭是我国生物物种的宝库。

b.鹦哥岭是最具原始特征的自然保护区。

c.鹦哥岭是我国连片面积最大的热带雨林。

A.a—b—cB.b—c—a

C.c—b—aD.c—a—b

21.选文第②段主要运用了两种说明方法,请举出一种并分析其作用。(3分)

22.选文第④段中加点的短语“绝大部分”能否删去?为什么?(3分)

23.结合全文内容,说说结尾一段中“鹦哥岭在呼唤!”这句话的含义。(3分)

四、写作与表达(50分)

24.下面两道作文题,请任选一题作文。

(1)阅读下面材料,按要求作文。

在英国一个乡村的田野里,一位贫困的农民正在劳作。忽然,他听到呼救声,一个孩子落水了。他不加思索,跳入水中,孩子得救了。

获救的孩子是一个贵族公子。几天后,贵族一家带着厚礼登门致谢,农民拒绝了厚礼。

老贵族敬佩农民的善良,感念他的恩德,于是决定资助农民的儿子到伦敦去接受高等教育。农民接受了这份馈赠,能让自己的孩子受到良好的教育是他多年来的心愿。

农民很快乐,老贵族也很快乐,因为他们终于完成了自己的心愿。

多年后,农民的儿子被英国皇家授勋封爵,并获得1945年的诺贝尔医学奖。他就是青霉素的发明者——亚历山大?弗莱明。

那名贵族公子在第二次世界大战期间患上了严重的肺炎。但幸运的是,依靠青霉素,他很快就痊愈了。他就是英国首相丘吉尔。

要求:①自选角度,自定主题;②自拟题目,自定文体(诗歌除外);③字迹工整,书写规范,不少于500字;④文中不得出现真实的人名、地名、校名。

(2)阅读下面材料,发挥想象,按要求将语段扩写成一篇文章。

新一代科技产品“智慧”手环即将进入市场。

此手环最突出的特点就是“智慧”。为检验产品的性能,感受其“智慧”,产品研制中心特向社会征集了十名体验者,我有幸成为其中一员。

十天的产品试用、体验,真让我大开眼界,不愧为“智慧”手环,简直太神奇了!

于是,“智慧”手环隆重推向市场。

要求:①自拟题目,自定文体(诗歌除外);②字迹工整,书写规范,不少于500字;

③文中不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名。

2015年南京中考英语试卷

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