国际贸易实务与操作名词解释 中英

1.What are the function of packing?P80

①protect the product or maintain its functional form;The protection of the product should be effective in reducing damage.

②offer the convenience that consumers often look for.

③promote a product by communicating its features,uses benefits and image.

2.我国海洋运输货物保险条款中，除外责任有哪些？P156

①被保险人的故意行为或过失所造成的损失；

②属于发货人责任所引起的损失；

③在保险责任开始前，被保险货物已经存在品质不良或数量短少所造成的损失；

④被保险货物的自认损耗、本质缺陷、特性以及市价跌落、运输延迟所引起的损失或费用；

⑤海洋运输货物的战争险条款和罢工条款规定的责任和除外责任。

3.What are the functions of an air waybill? P138

①a proof acknowledging receipt of goods from the shipper by the airlines;

②a contract between the shipper and the airlines for moving the goods;

③a certificate of insurance;

④a customs declaration;

⑤an instruction sheet,guiding the carrier’s staff in handling the cargo;

⑥a bill for the freight

4.Inner Packing P81

It is not only designed as a form of protection to reduce the risk of goods being damaged in transit but also to aid marketing.

(marketing,consumer advertising,display,presentation,protection hygiene,

easy handling, self-service retailing)

5.Red Clause Letter of Credit P113

It allows for a percentage of the value of the credit to be paid to the exporter up front,perhaps to cover production costs or purchases of components and raw materials needed tofulfill the contract.

补充A specific type of letter of credit in which a buyer extends an unsecured loan to a seller. Red Clause Letters of Credit permit documentary credit beneficiaries to receive funds for any merchandise outlined in the letter of credit. These letters are commonly used by beneficiaries who act as purchasing agents for buyers in another country.

6.共同海损

在海洋运输途中，船舶、货物或其他财产遭遇共同危险，为了解除共同危险，有意采取合理的救难措施，所直接造成的特殊牺牲和支付的特殊费用。

7.Packing List

It is a document made out by the seller stating the detailed content of each individual shippment,such as otal of gross,legal and net weights,when a sale is effected in international trade.(It is used to make up the deficiency of an invoice.)

补充：装箱单是发票的补充单据，它列明了信用证（或合同）中买卖双方约定的有关包装事宜的细节（详细记载包装方式、包装材料、包装件数、货物规格、数量、重量等内容），便于国外买方在货物到达目的港时供海关检查和核对货物。

8.Irrevocable Credit P113

It is an issuing bank’s undertaking that it will make payment,provided the terms and conditions contained in the credit are satisfied,and this undertaking cannot be amended or canceled without the consent of all parties,including the beneficiary.

补充：不可撤销信用证是指开证行一经开出、在有效期内未经受益人或议付行等有关当事人同意，不得随意修改或撤销的信用证；只要受益人按该证规定提供有关单据，开证行（或其指定的银行）保证付清货款。

9.Clean Bill of Lading P132

It is one where the carrier has noted that the merchandise has been received in apparent good order and condition(no apparent damage,loss,etc.)

补充：清洁提单（Clean B/L）指货物在装船时外表状况良好，承运人未加任何货损，包装不良或其他有碍结汇批注的提单

10.推定全损P153

货物发生保险事故后，认为实际全损已经不可避免，或者为避免发生实寄全损所需要支付的费用与继续将货物运至目的地的费用之和，将超过保险价值的损失。

11.汇票P93

(biils of exchange or draft)汇票是指出票人签发的，委托付款人在见票时或者在指定日期无条件支付确定的金额给收款人或持票人的票据。

12.Explain the basic documentary credit procedure.P110

Issuance---amendment---utilization---settelement

①The buyer applies for and opens a documentary credit at issuing bank.

②The issuing bank formally notes of the seller through the advising bank.

③After receiving the document credit,the seller should examine it closely to

determine if should be modified.

1.申请人和受益人订立销售合同，订明采用商业跟单信用证的支付方式。

2.申请人按照销售合同制作开证申请书，指示开证行按照开证申请书开立信用证。

3.开证行开立信用证和要求位于受益人所在国家的银行去通知或保兑信用证。

4.通知行通知受益人。

5.受益人审证发货并制作单据。

6.受益人将要求的单据提交指定银行。

7.指定银行凭信用证按照《审核跟单信用证项下单据的国际标准银行实务》，合理小心地审单。

8.指定银行寄单给开证行要求开证行偿付。

9.开证行收到单据，在最多5个银行工作日内审单完毕，确定单证相符后，就向指定银行偿付。如果信用证另有偿付行，开证行不办理偿付，而只接受单据。

10.开证行接受单据后，按照它与开证申请人预先订立的偿付协议交单给开证申请人。

11.申请人按照预先订立的协议，偿付单据款项给开证行。

12.开证申请人把运输单据提交当地承运人或其代理人，提取货物。

电影电视名词解释(中英文对照)

电影电视名词解释（中英文对照） ABERRATION 像差 摄影镜头因制作不精密，或人为的损害，不能将一点所发出的所有光线聚焦于底片感光膜上的同一 位置，使影像变形，或失焦模糊不清。 ABSOLUTE FILM 绝对电影 一种用抽象图形来诠释音乐的影片。由德国羊肠小道前卫电影导演奥斯卡费辛格于1925-1930年首 创。 ABSTRACT FILM 抽象电影 一种通过影片的剪辑、视觉技巧、声音性质、色彩形状以及韵律设计等，来表达意念，给人一种自 由自在、不拘形式感觉的电影。 电影术语以及解释 ACADEMIC EDITING 学院式剪接 一种仔细依循电影剧情发展过程的剪接方式。其目的是在于重建一个事件的全部过程，维持电影剧 情发展的流畅性。因这种剪接方式不会引起观众对剪接本身的注意，有时也被称为"无痕迹剪接" ，是好莱坞最常用的剪接方式之一。 ACADEMY APERTURE 影艺学院片门 由美国影艺学院推行的一种电影片门规格，主要是用于35毫米电影摄影机和放映机。此种规格宽高 比例为1.33：1。亦称ACADEMY FRAME。

ACADEMY AWARDS 奥斯卡金像奖 美国影艺学院于1972年设立的奖项，每年颁给表现杰出的电影工作者。每一个奖项最多有五个提名 。个人项目奖，可以提高演员或电影工作者的身价。 ACADEMY LEADER 影艺学院导片 依据影艺学院所设定的标准，连接在放映拷贝首尾的一段胶片。导片中含有一系列倒数的数字、放 映记录和其他信息，便于放映师装片和换片。导片不仅有保护影片的功能，同时可使放映机从起动 到第一格画面到达放映机片门之前，达到正常的放映速度。 ACADEMY MASK 影艺学院遮片 由影艺学院规画出来的一种遮掩摄影机部分片门的装置。 ACADEMY OF MOTION PICTURE ARTS ＆SCIENCE 美国影艺学院（台）美国电影艺术和科学学院（大陆） 成立于1927年，宗旨是"提升电影媒体的艺术品质，提供电影工业不同部门及技术的普遍交流，促 进动技术研究与文化发展的代表作，追求其既定的多元化目标"。该学院最知名的是一年一度的奥 斯卡金像奖。 ACADEMY STANDARDS 影艺学院标准 指美国影艺学院所订立的技术规格，以在电影工业界推行标准化的作业方式。包括：影艺学院画面 （ACADEMY FRAME），影艺学院导片（ACADEMY LEADER），影艺学院遮片（ACADEMY MASK） ACCELERATED MONTAGE 加速蒙太奇 一种剪接的技巧，目的在于增强动作在影片中的加速度效果。在电影剪接中，常

经济学名词解释汇总中英文版

经济学名词解释汇总（中英文版)

————————————————————————————————作者: ————————————————————————————————日期： ?

经济学名词解释汇总 1.绝对优势（Aｂsolute advａｎtａgｅ） 如果一个国家用一单位资源生产的某种产品比另一个国家多,那么，这个国家在这种产品的生产上与另一国相比就具有绝对优势。 2．逆向选择（Ａdverse ｃhoice） 在此状况下,保险公司发现它们的客户中有太大的一部分来自高风险群体。 3.选择成本（Alｔernatiｖe cost） 如果以最好的另一种方式使用的某种资源,它所能生产的价值就是选择成本，也可以称之为机会成本。 4.需求的弧弹性(Ａｒc elａｓtiｃity of ｄemand) 如果Ｐ1和Ｑ1分别是价格和需求量的初始值,P２和Ｑ2 为第二组值,那么，弧弹性就等于 -(Q1-Ｑ2)(P1+P2)/（P1-P２）（Q１+Q2） 5.非对称的信息（Asyｍmetｒiｃinforｍatiｏn） 在某些市场中,每个参与者拥有的信息并不相同。例如，在旧车市场上，有关旧车质量的信息，卖者通常要比潜在的买者知道得多。 ６.平均成本（Aｖerａge cosｔ） 平均成本是总成本除以产量,也称为平均总成本。 ７．平均固定成本( Ａverage fixed cost) 平均固定成本是总固定成本除以产量。 8．平均产品(Aｖeｒａｇe pｒoｄuct) 平均产品是总产量除以投入品的数量。 ９.平均可变成本（Ａverage vａｒiablｅｃosｔ) 平均可变成本是总可变成本除以产量。 １0．投资的β(Beta） β度量的是与投资相联的不可分散的风险。对于一种股票而言,它表示所有现行股票的收益发生变化时,一种股票的收益会如何敏感地变化。 1１.债券收益(Bonｄyｉｅｌd） 债券收益是债券所获得的利率。

国际贸易实务名词中英文对译(一)

合同的标的至货物的交付 商品的名称name of commodity 凭买方样品买卖sale by seller’s sample 凭买方样品买卖sale by buyer’s sample 代表性样品representative sample=原样original sample =标准样品type sample 复样duplicate sample=留样keep sample 对等样品counter sample=回样return sample 色彩样品color sample 花样款式样品pattern sample 参考样品reference sample 免费样品free sample 推销样品selling sample 装运样品shipping sample ，shipment sample 到货样品outturn sample 检验用样品sample for test

凭文字说明买卖sale by description 凭规格买卖sale by specification 凭等级买卖sale by grade 凭标准买卖sale by standard 良好平均品质Fair Average Quality 或F.A.Q 凭产地名称或凭地理标志买卖sale by name of origin , or sale by geographical indication 凭说明书和图样买卖sale by description and illustration Quality and technical data to be strictly in conformity with the description submitted by the seller 仅供参考For Reference Only 质量公差quality tolerance 毛重gross weight 以毛作净gross for net 净重net weight 按实际皮重real tare , or actual tare 按平均皮重average tare 按习惯皮重customary tare 按约定皮重computed tare 按公量计重conditioned weight 按理论重量计重theoretical weight 法定重量legal weight

国际贸易实务双语课程设计

《国际贸易实务》（英汉双语）课程设计大纲 课程类别：必修学时：72 课程性质：理论教学学分：4 适用专业：外文系、管理系、政法系等国贸专业、英语专业开课教研室：外文系、管理系、政法系专业教研室 一、课程设计基本目的、任务及课程建设指导思想 根据21世纪社会、经济、科技文化发展趋势，中国入世后对各类人才需求类型的变化，客观上使高等教育改革势在必行，培养既熟悉外贸业务，又精通英语的合格人才是当前大学教育面临的一个迫切任务。《国际贸易实务》是一门主要研究国际商品交换的基本知识、基本规则和具体操作技术的学科，也是一门具有涉外经济活动特点的实践性很强的综合性、应用性学科。该课程是我院外文系经贸英语专业、管理系市场营销专业、政法系国际贸易实务等专业的专业主干课程，有着独特的重要地位。 本课程比较系统地讲述了进出口业务环节，使我系经贸英语方向的学生既能够学到国际贸易进出口的基本专业知识，又能够提高和巩固英语语言应用能力，有利于学生能更好地就业，并且能很快地胜任对外贸易工作。本课程主要的任务是掌握国际贸易的基本知识并能较熟练地用英语进行阐述。 同时，为了更好地实施《国际贸易实务》课的教学改革，积极探索新型人才培养模式，我们逐渐确立了“三融合”的教学理念和“双主”教学思想。

所谓“三大融合”即： 1. 把知识传授与技能训练及职业态度培养有机融合起来，使三者相互融通，相互促进； 2. 把综合能力、创新能力和实践能力的培养有机融合起来，并强调以实践能力培养为中心，使三者相互作用，协同提高； 3. 把素质教育、知识传授与能力培养有机融合起来，使学生的知识、能力和素质结构优化、全面协调发展。 “双主”教育思想是一种既发挥教师的主导作用，同时又要充分体现学生的认知主体作用，即要把“教师中心”和“学生中心”两者的长处吸收过来，又要把两者的消极因素加以避免的教学思想。这就要求教师在一般的“传递-接受”教学活动后，通过多种手段向学生提供精心组织的情景，让学生在情景中运用教师讲过的原理、原则，主动思考、主动探索、主动发现，从而完成教学目的。 在“三融合”和“双主”教学思想的指导下，《国际贸易实务》课程组展开了一系列的教学改革，并取得了一定的成效。 二、课程设计的基本内容和教学要求 《国际贸易实务》是我院外文系、政法系、管理系相关专业必修的专业主干课之一。是一门专门研究国际间商品交换具体过程和习惯性做法的应用学科，也是一门具有涉外经济活动特点的实践性很强的综合性应用学科。 《国际贸易实务》课程的主要任务是，从贸易实践和法律的角度，

常用专业术语英文

组装、冲压、喷漆等专业词汇 Assembly line组装线 Layout布置图 OOBA开箱检查 fit together组装在一起 fasten锁紧(螺丝) fixture 夹具(治具) pallet栈板 barcode条码 barcode scanner条码扫描器 fuse together熔合 repair修理 operator作业员 QC quality品管 supervisor 课长 section supervisor课长 deputy section supervisor =vice section superisor副课长 ME制造工程师 MT制造生技 cosmetic inspect外观检查 inner parts inspect内部检查 thumb screw大头螺丝 lbs. inch镑、英寸 front plate前板 rear plate后板 chassis基座 bezel panel面板 power button电源按键 reset button重置键Hi-pot test of SPS高源高压测试 V oltage switch of SPS 电源电压接拉键 sheet metal parts 冲件 plastic parts塑胶件 SOP制造作业程序 material check list物料检查表 trolley台车 carton纸箱 sub-line支线 left fork叉车 personnel resource department 人力资源部 production department生产部门 planning department企划部 QC Section品管科 stamping factory冲压厂 painting factory烤漆厂 molding factory成型厂 punching machine 冲床 robot机械手 lathe车床 planer |'plein|刨床 miller铣床 grinder磨床 driller??床 linear cutting线切割 electrical sparkle电火花 welder电焊机 staker=reviting machine铆合机 position职务 president董事长 general manager总经理 special assistant manager特助 factory director厂长 department director部长 deputy manager | =vice manager副理 group leader/supervisor组长 line supervisor线长 thickness gauge厚薄规 gauge(or jig)治具 power wire电源线 buzzle蜂鸣器 defective product label不良标签 identifying sheet list标示单 iudustrial alcohol工业酒精 Tiana天那水 packaging打包 missing part漏件 wrong part错件 excessive defects过多的缺陷 critical defect极严重缺陷 major defect主要缺陷 minor defect次要缺陷 not up to standard不合规格 dimension/size is a little bigger尺寸偏 大(小) cosmetic defect外观不良 slipped screwhead/slippery screw head 螺丝滑头 speckle斑点 rust生锈 deformation变形 burr(金属)flash(塑件)毛边 poor staking铆合不良 excesssive gap间隙过大 grease/oil stains油污 inclusion杂质 painting peel off脏污 shrinking/shrinkage缩水 mixed color杂色 scratch划伤 poor processing 制程不良 poor incoming part事件不良 painting make-up补漆 discoloration羿色 water spots水渍 polishing/surface processing表面处理 exposed metal/bare metal金属裸露 lack of painting烤漆不到位 safety安全 quality品质 delivery deadline交货期 cost成本 engineering工程 die repair模修 enterprise plan = enterprise expansion projects企划 qualified products, up-to-grade products良品 defective products, not up-to-grade products不良品 to return material/stock to退料 scraped |'skræpid|报废 (be)qualfied, up to grade合格 not up to grade, not qualified不合格

英文写作名词解释

What is a summary? A summary is a short piece of writing that gives the main facts or ideas of a story or article,etc. The qualities of a good summary? It should be objective,that is,the writer does not include any ideas of his/her own. It should be complete ,that is,the writer does not leave out important facts or ideas. It should be balanced,in other words,the writer gives equal attention to each main idea. The goal of a summary? It is to give readers an objective,complete,accurate and balanced view of something(an article,a story ,a novel,a play,etc) Paragraph unity A unified paragraph contains only sentences that explain or support the general statement made in the topic sentence.Any sentence that does not relate to (=is not connected in some way)the main idea will not develop it. How to achieve paragraph unity? Begin with a discussable point and express it in a topic sentence. Stick to this single point throughout,that is,all other sentence should be about this point. Prove or develop the point;don 't merely repeat it. Link your sentence to make your ideas easy to follow. How to outline (=to give the main facts about something) a story? Divide the story into smaller parts. Summarize each part in one sentence. Number your sentence summaries to make them an outline of the story. What is a narrative paragraph? A narrative paragraph is one that briefly describes an incident or a personal experience. Requirements that a good narrative paragraph should meet? Though its length is limited,it is complete,that is,it has a beginning,middle and end. It includes as little conversation as possible. Its sentences are connected by suitable linking words or expressions. Here are some common time linking words/expressions. Afterward later when shortly afterward soon while the next day/night then Paragraph coherence(Coherence is connection ) A coherent paragraph is one in which every sentence after the first is connected to the one before it,to the topic sentence ,or to both ,and readers can readily follow the writer 's train of thought(= a related series of thoughts) An incoherence paragraph is one in which the sentences are badly connected or not connected at all,and the readers are likely to lose their way. How to achieve paragraph coherence? Arrange sentence in a clear order. Use correct pronouns Use correct linking words and expressions. What is exposition?

《国际贸易实务》(英文版) 词汇

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