(阅读)如何打通考研和四六级阅读-唐迟 .pdf
从CET到考研阅读理解
——唐迟
新浪微博：唐迟老师
CET 4 2014 -6 第3套
56.Traditionally, it is believed that women earn less than men because_________.
A) they have failed to take as many rigorous courses B)
they do not feel as fit for management roles
C) they feel obliged to take care of their kids at home D)
they do not exhibit the needed leadership qualities
57.What does the author say about America's higher education system?
A)It does not offer specific career counseling to women.
B)It does not consider its economic impact on graduates.
C)It does not take care of women students' special needs.
D)It does not encourage women to take rigorous subjects.
58.What does the author say about today's college experience?
A) It is different for male and female students. B) It is
not the same as that of earlier generations.
C) It is more exhausting than most women expect. D) It is
not so satisfying to many American students.
59.What does the author say about women students in college?
A) They have no idea how to bring out their best.
B) They drop a course when they find it too rigorous. C) They
are not as practical as men in choosing courses.
D) They don't perform as well as they did in high school.
60.How does the author explain the pay gap between men and women fresh from college?
A) Women arc too worn out to be ambitious.
B) Women are not ready to take management roles. C)
Women are caught between career and family. D)
Women are not good at negotiating salaries.
一、先题后文
2015/10/19 考试形式相似
考研2009 text3
31. T he author holds in paragraph 1 that the important of education in poor countries ___________.
[A] is subject to groundless doubts [B]
has fallen the victim of bias [C] is
conventional downgraded [D] has
been overestimated
32.It is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new education system__________.
[A]challenges economists and politicians
[B]takes efforts of generations
[C]demands priority from the government
[D]requires sufficient labor force
33.A major difference between the Japanese and U.S workforces is that __________.
[A] the Japanese workforce is better disciplined [B]
the Japanese workforce is more productive [C]the
U.S workforce has a better education [D] the U.S
workforce is more organized
34.The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged __________.
[A] when people had enough time
[B] prior to better ways of finding food [C]
when people no longer went hungry
[D] as a result of pressure on the government
35.According to the last paragraph, development of education __________.
[A]results directly from competitive environments
[B]does not depend on economic performance
[C]follows improved productivity
[D]cannot afford political changes
一、先题后文1、
定位信息
一、先题后文1、
定位信息
1）时间、数字、人名、地名、专有名词
考研2013 text2
26. It is suggested in Paragraph 1that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to .
27.“The industry” (Line 6, Para. 3) refers to .
28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default .
29.W hich of the following is true according to Paragraph 6?
30.The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in
his blog is one of .
CET-4 2009-12
57. Why does Michelle Obama hold a
strong fascination for the author?
Rightly so, but selfishly, I’m more
fascinated by Michelle Obama and what
she might be able to do, not just for this
country, but for me as an African-
American woman.
cet 4 2010-6
57.What does the author say about the black box?
58.What information could be found from the
black box on the Yemeni airliner?
59.Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?
60.Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require
the black boxes be painted orange or yellow?
61.What do we know about the black boxes from
Air France Flight 447?
仔细阅读
一、先题后文1、
定位信息
1）时间、数字、人名、地名、专有名词
2）名词、动词、形容词（及其改写）
注意：词性，同义改写，指代，主被动
3）过期作废，做到唯一性
CET 4 2012-6
65. What does Senator Charles Schumer advocate?
In April, Senator Charles Schumer ［A］ Setting guidelines for
called on Facebook to change its advertising on websites. privacy policy. He also urged the ［B］ Banning the sharing of Federal Trade Commission to set users’ personal information. guidelines for social-networking ［C］ Formulating regulations for sites. social-networking sites.
［D］ Removing ads from all social-
networking sites.
考研2010 text 4
36. Bankers complained that they were forced to __________.
③Their rules, moan the banks, have[A] follow unfavorable
forced them to report enormous asset evaluation rules
losses, and it's just not fair. ④These[B] collect payments
rules say they must value some assets from third parties
at the price a third party would pay,[C] cooperate with the
not the price managers and regulators price managers
would like them to fetch.[D] reevaluate some of
their assets.
CET 4 2010-6
57.What does the author say about the black box?
58.What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner?
59.Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?
60.Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow?
61.What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?
CET4 2012-6
57.In the initial stage, the current
economic crisis is likely to
A)t ear many troubled families apart
B)contribute to enduring family ties
C)bring about a drop in the divorce rate
D)cause a lot of conflicts in the family
58.In the Great Depression many unhappy
couples close to stick together because
59.In addition to job losses, what stands in the
way of unhappy couples getting a divorce?
仔细阅读
一、先题后文2、
串联题干
1）预测文章内容（重复的单词）
2）推测题目答案
（一般情况下，时间相反，一切相反）
CET4 2012-6
57.In the initial stage, the current
economic crisis is likely to
58.In the Great Depression many unhappy
couples close to stick together because
59.In addition to job losses, what stands in the
way of unhappy couples getting a divorce?
60.What will the current economic crisis
eventually do to some married couples?
61.What can be inferred from the
last paragraph?
CET42012-6
60.What will the current economic crisis eventually do
to some married couples?
A)It will force them to pull their efforts together
B)It will undermine their mutual understanding
C)It will help strengthen their emotional bonds
D)I t will irreparably damage their relationship
61.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A)The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rate
B)Few couples can stand the test of economic hardships
C)A stable family is the best protection against poverty.
D)M oney is the foundation of many a happy marriage
考研2000 passage 1
51.The U.S. achieved its predominance
after World War Ⅱ because________.
52.The loss of U.S. predominance in the
world economy in the 1980s is manifested in
the fact that the American________.
53.What can be inferred from the passage?
54.The author seems to believe the
revival of the US economy in the 1990s
can be attributed to the______
考研2008 Text 1
21. Which of the following is true according to the first
two paragraphs?
[A]Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.
[B]Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.
[C]Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.
[D]Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.
22.Dr. Yehuda’s research suggests that women
[A]need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress.
[B]have limited capacity for tolerating stress.
[C]are more capable of avoiding stress.
[D]a re exposed to more stress.
考研2004 Text 1
41.How did Redmon find his job?
42.Which of the following can be
a disadvantage of search agents?
43.The expression "tip service" (line 3, paragraph 3) most probably means ________. 44.Why does CareerSite's agent offer each job hunter only three job options?
45.Which of the following is true according to the text?
考研2008 Text 1
23.A ccording to Paragraph 4, the stress women confront tends to be
24.T he sentence “I lived from paycheck to paycheck.” (Line 6, Para. 5) shows that
25.W hich of the following would be the best title for the text?
[A] Strain of Stress: No Way Out?
[B] Responses to Stress: Gender Difference [C] Stress Analysis: What Chemicals Say [D] Gender Inequality: Women Under Stress
仔细阅读
一、先题后文
二、顺序一致
——“三明治”夹心定位
CET4 2005-06
3段...... I recall an incident in a
handball game when ..........
4段In the heat of battle, ...... I
have also witnessed a player
reacting to his opponent’s
international and illegal blocking
by deliberately hitting him with
the ball as hard as he could
during the course of play. ........
5段 .... 6段
27.Harsh words are spoken during
games because the players _____.
28.What did the handball player
do when he was not allowed a
time out to change his gloves?
29.According to the passage,
players, in a game, may ________
A) deliberately throw the ball at
anyone illegally blocking their way
考研2008 text 3
3段Growth, which rarely continues beyond the age of 20, demands calories and nutrients...... 4段Genetically speaking, there are advantages to avoiding substantial height. During childbirth, larger babies have more difficulty passing through the birth canal. .....
5段Genetic maximums can change, but don’t expect this to happen soon. ....
31.Wilt Chamberlain
is cited as an example to
32.Which of the following
plays a key role in body growth
according to the text?
33.On which of the
following statements
would the author most
probably agree?
34.We learn from the
last paragraph that in the
near future
仔细阅读
CET4 考研
篇幅400 篇幅450
时间7…—8?时间18?—20…
仔细阅读
三、定位范围定位句、上下句、
定位段、全文
cet 4 2010-6
....Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane – the area least subject to impact – from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱). ....（2010-06）59. Why was the black box
redesigned in 1965?
A)New materials became
available by that time.
B)Too much space was needed
for its installation.
C)The early models often got
damaged in the crash.
D)T he early models didn't
provide the needed data.
CET4 2008-12 上下句：
Shoppers seldom complain to the
manager or owner of a retail store,
but instead will alert their friends,
relatives, co-workers, strangers-and
anyone who will listen.
Store managers are often the last to
hear complaints, and often find out
only when their regular customers
decide to frequent their competitors,
according to a study jointly
conducted by Verde group and
Wharton school.
62. Why are store managers
often the last to hear
complaints?
A Most customers won’t bother
to complain even if they have
had unhappy experiences.
B Customers would rather relate
their unhappy experiences to
people around them.
C Few customers believe the
service will be improved.
D Customers have no easy
access to store managers.
CET4 2008-12 上下句：Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will listen.
Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school. 62. Why are store managers
often the last to hear
complaints?
A Most customers won’t bother
to complain even if they have
had unhappy experiences.
B Customers would rather relate
their unhappy experiences to
people around them.
C Few customers believe the
service will be improved.
D Customers have no easy
access to store managers.
仔细阅读
三、定位范围
定位句、上下句、定位段、全文
考研2010 text4
①European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) do likewise. ②The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning, but the pressure to fold when it completes it reconstruction of rules later this year is strong. ③Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did "not live in a political vacuum" but "in the real word" and that Europe could yet develop different rules. 38. According to Paragraph 4,
McCreevy objects to the
IASB’s attempt to
__________.
[A]keep away from
political influences.
[B]evade the pressure
from their peers.
[C]act on their own in
rule-setting.
[D]take gradual measures
in reform.
1段①Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in
public.②Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else:
the accounting standard-setters. ③Their rules, moan the banks, have
forced them to report enormous losses, and it’s just not fair. ④These
rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would
pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.
①Unfortunately, banks’ lobbying now seems to be working. ②The
details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters,
essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being
compromised. ③And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that
attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult.
考研2010 text4
①After a bruising encounter with Congress, America’s Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) rushed through rule changes.
②These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in their income statements. ③Bob Herz, the FASB’s chairman, cried out against those who “question our motives.” ④Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobbying group politely calls “the use of judgment by management.”①European ministers instantly demanded
that the International Accounting
Standards Board (IASB) do likewise. ②The
IASB says it does not want to act without
overall planning, but the pressure to fold
when it completes it reconstruction of rules
later this year is strong. ③Charlie
McCreevy, a European commissioner,
warned the IASB that it did "not live in a
political vacuum" but "in the real word" and
that Europe could yet develop different
rules.
38. According to Paragraph 4,
McCreevy objects to the
IASB’s attempt to
__________.
[A]keep away from
political influences.
[B]evade the pressure
from their peers.
[C]act on their own in
rule-setting.
[D]take gradual measures
in reform.
考研2003 text 2
46.The author begins his article with
Edmund Burke's words to ________.
47.Misled people tend to think that using
an animal in research is ________.
48.The example of the grandmotherly woman
is used to show the public's ________.
49.The author believes that, in face of
the challenge from animal rights
advocates, scientists should ________.
50. ...........
1、To paraphrase 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke,
"all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that
good people do nothing." 2、One such cause now seeks to end
biomedical research because of the theory that animals have
rights ruling out their use in research. 3、
Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights
advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and
thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and
care. 4、Leaders of the animal rights movement target
biomedical research because it depends on public funding,
and few people understand the process of health care
research. 5、Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in
research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would
deliberately harm an animal.
1、For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animals — no meat, no fur, no medicines.
2、Asked if she opposed immunizations, she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research.
3、When assured that they do, she replied, "Then I would have to say yes."
4、Asked what will happen when epidemics return, she said, "Don't worry, scientists will find some way of using computers."
5、Such well-meaning people just don't understand.
46. The author begins his article with Edmund Burke's words to
________.
[A]call on scientists to take some actions
[B]criticize the misguided cause of animal rights
[C]warn of the doom
of biomedical research
[D]show the triumph of the animal rights movement
48. The example of the grandmotherly woman is
used to show the public's
________.
[A]discontent
with animal research
[B]ignorance
about medical science
[C]indifference
to epidemics
[D]a nxiety about animal rights
49. The author believes that,
in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should ________.
[A]communicate
more with the public
[B]employ hi-tech
means in research
[C]f eel no shame
for their cause
[D]strive to develop new cures
Scientists must communicate their message to
the public in a compassionate, understandable way — in human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother's hip replacement, a father's bypass operation, a baby's vaccinations, and even a pet's shots. ........
Much can be done. Scientists could "adopt" middle school classes and present their own research. They should be quick to
respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals receive humane care. Finally, because the ultimate
stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause ........
46. The author begins his article with Edmund Burke's words to
________.
[A] call on scientists to take some actions
[B] criticize the misguided cause of animal rights
[C] warn of the doom of biomedical research
[D] show the triumph of the animal rights movement
仔细阅读
仔细阅读
正确答案特征
CET4 考研 干扰选项特征 ： 同义改写
同义改写
1）未提及 （无）
2）丌准确 （偏、反）
符合中心思想的最佳答案
3）答非所问
4）绝对化用词 5）非最佳答案
仔细阅读
仔细阅读
一、先题后文
细节题 常考考点
解题原则
二、顺序一致
三、定位范围
主旨题 解题原则
选项特征 —— 正确答案 / 干扰选项
仔细阅读
2015/10/19
细节题常考考点
——因果关系4段As diners thirst for leading brands,
bottlers and restaurateurs salivate (垂涎)
over the profits. A restaurant’s typical
mark-up on wine is 100 to 150 percent,
whereas on bottled water it’s often 300 to
500 percent. ……...
5段As a result, some restaurants are
turning up the pressure to sell bottled
water. （cet4 2007-01）
60.Why are some restaurants
turning up the pressure to sell
bottled water?
A)Bottled water brings in
huge profits.
B)Competition from the wine
industry is intense.
C)Most diners find bottled
water affordable.
D)Bottled water satisfied
diners’ desire to fashionable.
Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in1965the device was completely redesigned（cet4 2010-06）59. Why was the black box
redesigned in 1965?
A)New materials became
available by that time.
B)Too much space was needed
for its installation.
C)The early models often got
damaged in the crash.
D)The early models didn't
provide the needed data.
51. The U.S. achieved its predominance
after World War Ⅱ because________.
54. The author seems to believe the revival of
the US economy in the 1990s can be attributed
to the______ （2000 passage 1）
37. According to the author , the rule changes
of the FASB may result in ________
39. The author thinks the banks were “on the
wrong planet” in that they ______（2010 text 4
）
细节题常考考点——因果关系
因果关联词：
According to Facebook‘s vice-
president Elliot Schrage, the
company is simply making
changes to improve its
service, and if people don’t
share information, they have
a “less satisfying experience”
（cet 2012-06）
64. Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage?
A)To render better service to its users.
B)To conform to the Federal guidelines.
C)To improve its users' connectivity.
D)To expand its scope of business.
The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.（cet 4 2010-06）60. Why did the Federal Aviation
Authority require the black boxes
be painted orange or yellow?
A)To distinguish them from the
color of the plane.
B)To caution people to handle
them with care.
C)To make them
easily identifiable.
D)To conform to
international standards.
Shoppers seldom complain to the
manager or owner of a retail store,
but instead will alert their friends,
relatives, co-workers, strangers-and
anyone who will listen.
Store managers are often the last to
hear complaints, and often find out
only when their regular customers
decide to frequent their competitors,
according to a study jointly
conducted by Verde group and
Wharton school.（cet4 2008-12）
62. Why are store managers
often the last to hear
complaints?
A Most customers won’t bother
to complain even if they have
had unhappy experiences.
B Customers would rather relate
their unhappy experiences to
people around them.
C Few customers believe the
service will be improved.
D Customers have no easy
access to store managers.
Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of a retail store, but instead will alert their friends, relatives, co-workers, strangers-and anyone who will listen.
Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school.（cet4 2008-12）62. Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints?
A Most customers won’t bother to complain even if they have had unhappy experiences.
B Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to people around them.
C Few customers believe the service will be improved.
D Customers have no easy access to store managers.
细节题常考考点——因果关系
丌定式表示因果关系
前后顺序句表示因果关系
考研2010 text 4 37. According to the author , the rule changes of the FASB may result in
__________.
[A]the diminishing role
of management
[B]the revival of the banking system
[C]the banks' long-term asset losses
[D]the weakening of
its independence
①Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public.
②Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else: the accounting standard-setters. ③Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and it's just not fair. ④These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.
①Unfortunately, banks' lobbying now seems to be working. ②The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. ③And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult.
考研2010 text 4
37. According to the author , the rule
changes of the FASB may result in
__________.
[A]the diminishing role
of management
[B]the revival of the banking system
[C]the banks' long-term asset losses
[D]t he weakening of
its independence
仔细阅读
细节题常考考点
——转折对比关系①After a bruising encounter with Congress,
America's Financial Accounting Standards Board
(FASB) rushed through rule changes. ②
These gave banks more freedom to use
models to value illiquid assets and more
flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term
assets in their income statement. ③Bob
Herz, the FASB's chairman, cried out against
those who "question our motives." ④ Yet
bank shares rose and the changes enhance
what one lobby group politely calls "the use
of judgment by management."
细节题常考考点——因果关系
丌定式表示因果关系
前后顺序句表示因果关系
细节题常考考点——转折对比
转折关系词：
but; yet; however； unless; though; although; while ；whereas ；nevertheless
in spite of; however；actually；unfortunately, strangely；surprisingly；conversely； on the contrary ; in contrast ；in fact
2015/10/19
细节题——词汇题标志：
In this passage, “***” (Lines ？, Para. ？) probably means
方法：
结合上下句（或本句内），根据逻辑关系找同义词（表达）或反义词（表达）
cet4 2006-12 Arthur von Wiesenberger, who carries the title Water Master, is one of the few water critics in North America. As a boy, he spent time in the larger cities of Italy, France and Switzerland, where bottled water is consumed daily. Even then, he kept a water journal, noting the brands he liked best. “My dog could tell the difference between bottled and tap water,” He says.
But is plain tap water all that bad? Not at all. 58.By saying “My dog could tell
the difference between bottled
and tap water” (Line 4 Para. 2),
von Wiesenberger wants to
convey the message that ___.
A)plain tap water is certainly
unfit for drinking
B)bottled water is clearly
superior to tap water
C)bottled water often appeals
more to dogs taste
D)dogs can usually detect a fine
difference in taste
cet 4 2003-01
Overseas assignments are becoming
increasingly important to
advancement within executive ranks.
The executive stationed in another
country no longer need fear being
“out of sight and out of mind.” He or
she can be sure that the overseas
effort is central to the company’s plan
for success, and that promotions
often follow or accompany an
assignment abroad.
23.In this passage, “out of
sight and out of mind” (Lines
2-3, Para. 3) probably means
________.
A)being unable to think
properly for lack of insight
B)being totally out of touch
with business at home
C)missing opportunities for
promotion when abroad
D)leaving all care and worry
behind
考研2006 text4
① People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery.
② They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young.
③ In the West, before mass
communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for
worms. ④
Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too. 37. The word
“bummer” most
probably means
something
[A]religious
[B]unpleasant
[C]entertaining
[D]commercial
干扰选项：
字面意思的理解，或常用含义
cet4 2005-06
2015/10/19 考研1998 passage1
31.“... Old is suddenly in” (Line 1, Para. 1) most probably means
“________”.
A)America has suddenly become a nation of old people
B)gerontology has suddenly become popular
C)more elderly professors are found on American campuses
D)American colleges have realized the need of enrolling older students 24.What do the
environmentalists mean by
saying “Not so fast” (Line
1, Para. 3)?
A)Oil exploitation takes a
long time
B)The oil drilling should be
delayed
C)Don’t be too optimistic
D)Don’t expect fast
returns
Few creations of big technology
capture the imagination like giant
dams. Perhaps it is humankind's
long suffering at the mercy of flood
and drought that makes the ideal of
forcing the waters to do our bidding
so fascinating. But to be fascinated
is also, sometimes, to be blind.
Several giant dam projects threaten
to do more harm than good.
51. The third sentence of
paragraph 1 implies that
________.
[A]people would be happy if
they shut their eyes to reality
[B]t he blind could be
happier than the sighted
[C]over-excited people tend to
neglect vital things
[D] fascination makes
people lose their eyesight
仔细阅读
细节题解题原则主旨题解题原则题干标志：
The passage is mainly about / discuss
The best title for the passage would be
What's the author's purpose in writing this article?
解题方法：
1、开头结尾段落和各段首尾
2、注意出现频率较高的词汇
3、文章开头的提问与回答
4、优先概括性强的选项，切忌片面内容的选项
CET 4 2014-06-2套
65. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?
A)To justify America's dependence on oil imports.
B)To arouse Americans' awareness of the energy crisis.
C)T o stress the importance of energy conservation.
D)To explain the increase of international oil trade.
Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it. Doesn't it? If you think so, you're not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American president for decades, and never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.
“Energy independence”and its rhetorical (修辞的) companion“energy security” are, however, slippery concepts that are rarely though through. What is it we want independence from, exactly?
Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil. But there are reasons that we buy all that old from elsewhere. The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running. Yes, there is a trickle（涓涓细流）of biofuel（生物燃料）available, and more may become available, but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction. Second,Americans have basically decided that they don't really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection. To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports? Third,there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you don't read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.
There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices, At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.
65. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?
A)To justify America's dependence on oil imports.
B)T o arouse Americans' awareness of the energy crisis.
C)To stress the importance of energy conservation.
D)To explain the increase of international oil trade.
Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV ( or a similar distraction) can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed.Even simple visual cues, 1ike plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption.
A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, people's hunger levels were predicted not by how much they'd eaten but rather by how much food they'd seen in front of them-in other words, how much they remembered eating.
This disparity(差异) suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M.Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol.
CET 4 2013-12-2套
60. What is the main idea of the passage?
A)Eating distractions often affect our food digestion.
B)Psychological factors influence our hunger levels.
C)Our food intake is determined by our biological needs.
D)Good eating habits will contribute to our health.
In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.
"Hunger isn't controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal.We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal," Brunstrom says."This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought. "
These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body's response to the food itself.In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie(卡路里) milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related honnones(荷尔蒙), depending on whether the shake's label said it contained 620 0r 140 calories.Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought they'd consumed a higher-calorie shake.
What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating.
The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says. 60. What is the main idea of the
passage?
A)Eating distractions often
affect our food digestion.
B)Psychological factors
influence our hunger levels.
C)Our food intake is determined
by our biological needs.
D)Good eating habits will
contribute to our health.
考研2010 text1
1段 the inexorable decline in the scope
and seriousness of their arts coverage.
2段 It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average
reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-
quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.
3段We are even farther removed from the
unfocused newspaper reviews
4段Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten.
5段Is there any chance that Cardus’s critici sm
will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote.
考研2011 text2
25. What would be the best title for the text?
[A]Newspapers of the Good Old Days
[B]The Lost Horizon in Newspapers
[C]Mournful Decline of Journalism
[D]Prominent Critics in Memory 1 段：When Liam McGee departed as
president of Bank of America
2段：McGee says leaving without a position
3段：As……, deputy chiefs may be more
willing to make the jump without a net.
4段：The decision to quit a senior position to
look for a better one is unconventional.
5段：Those who jumped without a job
30. Which of the following
is the best title for the text?
[A]CEOs: Where to Go?
[B]CEOs: All the Way Up?
[C]Top Managers Jump
without a Net
[D]The Only Way Out for
Top Performers