全国通用版2019版高考英语大一轮复习Unit3Underthesea讲义新人教版选修7

Unit 3

Under the sea

n．目击者；证人；证据

I thought, at the time, that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times.(教材P20)

当时我认为这只是个故事，但之后好多次我亲眼目睹了这样的事情。

(1)witness ????? against 对……作不利的证明 for 对……作有利的证明；为……辩护

to sth/doing sth 作证证明某事/做某事

(2)????? be a witness to 是……的证人/证据bear/give witness to 为……作证；证明

①She will witness against him and he will surely be sentenced for various crimes.

她会证明他有罪， 他就会以各种罪名被判刑。

②Our city witnesses (witness) four different seasons, plenty of sunshine and good rainfall, but in winter you may feel a little cold.

我们的城市四季分明，阳光和雨量充沛，但在冬天，你可能会觉得有点儿冷。

【提示】 英语中常使用拟人修辞手法的句子，主语通常是表示时间、地点或心爱之物的名词，谓语动词常为witness, see, find 等。

③The driver witnessed to having_seen (see) the man enter the building. 司机作证说，他看到此人进入了那栋大楼。

④His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment.

他身体健康证明这种疗法是成功的。

2urge vt .催促；极力主张；驱策

n ．强烈的欲望；冲动

“Man overboard！Turn the boat around ！” urged George, shouting loudly.(教材P 20)

乔治催促着，大声喊道：“有人落水了！把船头调回去！”

(1)urge ????? sth/sb on 催促某物/某人前进sb to do/into doing sth 催促某人做某事

(2)????? urge that...(should ) do sth 极力主张；强调……It is urged that...(should ) do sth 坚决要求……

(3)urgent adj .紧急的；迫切的

(4)urgency n ．紧急的事

①When my old friend Brian urged me to_accept (accept) a cigarette, it was more than I could bear.

当我的老朋友布赖恩怂恿我抽支烟时，我实在熬不住了。

②He urged that delegates (should )_be_elected (elect) from the workers. 他坚持代表必须从工人中选举产生。

③The people in the earthquake–stricken area are in urgent (urge) need of food,

medicine and shelters.

地震灾区的人们急需食品、药品和住的地方。

3abandon vt .遗弃；抛弃；放弃；中止

n ．放任；放纵 From James' face, I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.(教材P 21)

从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。

(1)abandon ????? one's hope/plan/idea 放弃希望/计划/主意oneself to (to 为介词)沉湎/纵情于……

doing sth 放弃做某事

(2)with abandon 放纵地；放任地

(3)????? abandoned adj .无约束的；无度的；放荡的be abandoned to 沉湎于……

①After her mom died, she abandoned herself (she) to grief.

母亲死后，她沉浸于悲痛之中。

②They aban doned carrying (carry) out the plan for lack of money.

因为缺少资金，他们放弃了执行这项计划。

③The fans cheered with abandon when their football team won.

当他们的足球队赢得比赛时，球迷们便疯狂地欢呼。

4reflect vt .思考；映射；反射 vi 思考 I'm sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day —a day of pure magic! (教材P 24)

我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情——真是神奇的一天！

(1)????? reflect sb/sth in sth (指镜子等)映出某人/物的影像reflect sth from sth 从某物(表面)反射(光、热、声等)

reflect on/upon sth 思考某事

(2)????? reflection n .反射；反照；反映；映像be lost in (deep ) reflection 陷入深思中

①You should set aside some time to reflect on/upon your successes and failures. 你应该留出时间反思你的成功和失败。

②When the sun's rays hit the earth, a lot of heat is_reflected (reflect) back into space.

太阳光线照射到地球时，大量的热量被反射到太空。

【巧学活用】 ——高考小作文

③这反映了当今青少年更关心手机而不是朋友的趋势。 It_reflects_a_trend_that nowadays teenagers care_more_about_their_phones instead of friends.

5scare vt .恐吓 vi .受惊吓

I told myself they weren't dangerous but that didn't stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment! (教材P 24)

我自言自语地说它们并不危险，但是这没有抑制一会儿我那怕得要死的恐惧心理。

(1)scare ????? sb/sth away/off 把某人/某物吓跑sb into/out of (doing ) sth 恐吓某人(做/不做)某事

(2)?

?? scared adj .受惊吓的；感到害怕的be scared ????? to do/of (doing ) sth 害怕(做)某事that...害怕……

to death 吓死了；吓得要死 ①The birds were_scared (scare) away by the sudden barking of a dog.

鸟被突然的狗叫声吓跑了。

②They scared her out of calling the police.

他们吓得她不敢报警。 ③Some parents try to scare their children into behaving well.

有些父母试图用吓唬的方法使孩子们守规矩。

④My little brother was teased by fellow students in the school, but he was far too scared (scare) to tell anybody.

我弟弟在学校被同学捉弄，但他害怕极了，不敢告诉任何人。

1help (...) out 帮助(某人)摆脱困难或危难；协助 What evidence was there that Old Tom was helping the whalers out? (教材P 21) 有什么证据能说明老汤姆帮助捕鲸者摆脱险境？

(1)help ?

???? sb with/to do sth 帮助某人做某事oneself (to sth )自取；自用

(2)????? can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事can't help but do sth 不得不做某事 (3)with the help of 在……的帮助下；借助……

①I will help out on my father's farm this summer.

今年夏天我要到父亲的农场去帮忙。

②Can you help me out with the math problem?

你能帮我解出这道数学题吗？

③When she saw the strange and funny person, she could not help laughing (laugh)． 见到这个滑稽的怪人，她不禁笑了。

④When a close friend dies, we ca n't help but feel (feel) sad.

当一位亲密的朋友去世时，我们无法抑制悲伤。

2be/become aware of 对……知道、明白；意识到……

The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me...(教材P 24)

我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩……

(1)????? aware adj .意识到的；知道的be aware of/that...知道……；意识到……make sb aware of/that...提醒某人注意……as far as I'm aware 据我所知

(2)?????

awareness n .意识；认识raise awareness of 提高……的意识

develop an awareness of 培养……的意识 ①When visiting another country, you should be aware of those cultural differences and respect them.

当你去另外一个国家的时候，一定要意识到那些文化差异并尊重它们。

②I was not aware that she had already told you.

我不知道她已经跟你说了。

③The campaign aims to raise awareness (aware) of the dangers of passive smoking. 这项运动的目的是要提高对被动吸烟危害性的认识。

1where 引导地点状语从句 The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended, there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.(教材P 24)

水很浅，但到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。

【句式点拨】

where..., there be...意为“在……的地方，有……”， where 引导地点状语从句。另外，wherever(无论什么地方，无论在何处)也可引导地点状语从句。

①As the saying goes, where there is a smoke, there is a fire.

常言道，无风不起浪。

②Where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.

失业率与犯罪率高的地方，犯罪都是由失业引起的。

③All I'm hoping for is that wherever Trevor is he will come home safe and sound.

我只希望不管特雷弗在哪里，他都能平平安安回家。

2“from behind”等双重介词结构

Then there were two grey reef sharks, each about one and a half metres long, which suddenly appeared from behind some coral.(教材P24)

然后还有两条灰色的珊瑚鲨，每条大约有1.5米长，它们突然从珊瑚礁后面游了出来。

【句式点拨】

句中的each about one and a half metres long实际上是独立主格结构，在此处作定语。which引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰reef sharks。from behind是双重介词。

双重介词结构是由两个介词搭配而成，以“from＋另一个介词” 居多，常见的有：from above 从……上方

from among 从……当中

from across 从……对面

from before 从……以前(开始)

from beneath 从……下面

from between 从……当中

from beyond 从……的那边

from inside 从……里面

from out of 从……中出来

from under 从……下面

①You may choose one from among these books.

你可以从这些书中挑选一本。

②I saw him from across the street.

我从街道对面看到了他。

③The word has been in use from before World War Ⅱ.

这个词在第二次世界大战以前就被使用了。

【拓展延伸】除“from＋介词”外，英语中还有其他“双重介词”结构。

④We didn't get home until after midnight.

我们午夜以后才到家。

⑤He seldom goes anywhere except to his office.

除了去办公室外，他很少去别的地方。

⑥The car traveled fifty miles in under an hour.

这辆汽车不到一小时就行驶了50英里。

Ⅰ.品句填词(用所给词的适当形式或根据语境写一个合适的词)

1．It is reported that schools have_been_urged/are_urged(urge) to increase physical education, an important tool for public health.

2．She sat reflecting(reflect) on how much had changed since she had bought the farm.

3．There is no surprise that Linda became a writer. Even when she was a child, she could retell a story vividly(vivid)．

4．All of a sudden, I was possessed by a feeling of being_abandoned(abandon). Struck by both grief and anger, I couldn't help crying bitterly.

5．I have_witnessed(witness) so many things over the past two years, and I can say with such certainty that this is the single most important moment of my career.

6．Yelling at your kids is a bad habit because it leaves everybody feeling tense and tears down your children's self–esteem.

7．A lack of awareness(aware) of cultural difference to local customs can cause problems.

8．Scared(scare) and alone, Joshua one day makes friends with a little mouse he calls Bethlehem who becomes his closest friend.

9．We felt at home with our tutor and were impressed with the depth(deep) of her knowledge.

10．We should keep off those who abandon themselves to drugs.

Ⅱ.单句改错(含本单元的词汇和语法)

1．Drivers should be made to aware of the danger of driving after drinking.

2．The world has witnessed of China's rapid development in space with the successful launch of Chang'e–3.

escape, managing to hide in a cabin 3．Lisa was one of many who had a narrowly

narrow

after being chased by the gunman.

4．Though I had worked in the publishing industry my whole career, I was scared at the thought of actually trying to write an entire book.

to die

death

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