2011英语专四词汇语法练习4

练习（4）

1.____all behavior is learned behavior is a basic assumption of social scientists.

A)Nearly B)That nearly C)It is nearly D)When nearly

2.On cloudy nights it is not possible to see the stars with____ eye.

A)naked B)bare C)flesh D)pure

3.During the storm we took____in the doorway of a shop.

A)rescue B)shelter C)shield D)proof

4.The ship’s captain and members of the____welcomed us on board.

A)staff B)crew C)team D)chain

5.At the first____of twelve everyone stopped for lunch.

A)sound B)stroke C)moment D)minute

6.The map was drawn to the standard____of1/100,000so there was not much detail.

A)base B)line C)rate D)scale

7.Her skirt had been so____in packing that she had to iron it before going out.

A)crushed B)torn C)dirty D)untidy

8.We are taking____a collection to buy flowers for John because he is in the hospital.

A)to B)up C)over D)off

9.It’s not what she says that bothers me.It’s the reason she says it.You’ve got to read____the lines with her.

A)among B)amongst C)between D)through

10.I mistook you____your brother.

A)for B)as C)to be D)by

11.I am easily hurt because my feelings are very____.

A)the effects of which B)the effects of it C)finally D) that

13.What you have done is____the doctor’s orders.

A)attached to B)responsible to )resistant to D)contrary to

14.You can’t see through a telescope unless it is____correctly to your sight.

A)adapted B)adopted C)adjusted D)accustomed

15.An ambulance must have priority as it usually has to deal with some kind of____.

A)crisis B)urgency C)emergency D)emergence

16.____nothing more to discuss,the secretary-general got to his feet,said goodbye and left the room.A)There was B)Being C) There being D)As there being

17.I____you that the machine will arrive next week.

A)insist B)confirm C)assure D)undertake

18.Many new____will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.

A)opportunities B)necessities C)probabilities D)realities

19.His discovery counts____nothing though he tried very hard.

A)on B)for C)in D)up

20.He has never felt himself so powerfully____to the scientific ideal.

A)interested B)absorbed C)confident D)attracted

21.If you don’t put the food in the refrigerator,it may go ____.

A)off B)over C)wrong D)out

22.If this university____such a good reputation,I would not have come here.

A)attitude B)approach C)viewpoint D)principle

24.If only we____then the disease was curable.

A)knew B)could know C)had known D)would have known

25.The weather is highly____at this time of the year and it is hard to know what to wear.

A)various B)variant C)variable D)varied

26.Our company decided to____the contract because a number of the conditions in it had not been met.

A)destroy B)refuse C)assume D)cancel

27.Eminent physicists from all over the world came to the U.S. to____the centennial（一百周年）of A.Einstein’s birth.

A)congratulate B)applaud C)celebrate D)participate

28.Not until midnight____him in the hotel.

A)we found B)we did find C)found we D)did we find

29.I could just see a car in the distance,but I couldn’t____what color it was.

A)make out B)look to C)look out D)take in

30.High in the sky a____of birds was flying southward.

A)swarm B)flock C)crowd D)herd

1.【答案】B

【译文】所有的行为都是习得行为是社会学家的一个基本设想。

【试题分析】语法辨析题。

【详细解答】这是一个带主语从句的句子，that引导出从句。

2.【答案】A

【译文】在多云的夜晚，不可能用肉眼观察到星星。

【试题分析】词语搭配题。

【详细解答】“naked eyes”是固定搭配，即肉眼。

【详细解答】rescue是营救，援救；shield是盾牌；防护罩；proof是证据；检验，考验；这三个词都不能跟take搭配，只有shelter可以，take shelter是寻求庇护的意思。

4.【答案】B

【译文】船长和船员都在船上欢迎我们。

【试题分析】词语辨析题，了解表示不同人群的词之间的细微差别。

【详细解答】staff指的是职员，职工；team是小组，队；chain 是串，连锁：crew是全体船员，乘务员，符合句意，是正确答案。

5.【答案】B

【译文】刚敲十二点，每个人都停下来去吃午饭。

【试题分析】词语搭配题。

【详细解答】钟的敲响声或鸣响用stroke。

6.【答案】D

【译文】地图是按1：100,000的标准比例绘制的，所以不是很详细。

【试题分析】词语辨析题。

【详细解答】rate是一般意义上的比率，而实物与图表之间的比例是scale，所以scale是正确答案。

7.【答案】A

【译文】她的裙子在包里给压得很皱，出门前她只好把它熨一下。

【试题分析】词语辨析题。

【详细解答】衣服给压皱了是crushed，torn是弄破了，dirty 是脏了，untidy则是不整齐，没有条理性，所以只有crushed 符合句意。

8.【答案】B

【译文】我们筹款为John买花，因为他住院了。

【试题分析】词语搭配题。

【详细解答】take up a collection是一个固定词组，意思是募捐，筹款，其它三个介词都无法和take和a collection搭配。

9.【答案】C

体会字里行间的言外之意。

10.【答案】A

【译文】我把你错认作你兄弟了。

【试题分析】词语搭配题。

【详细解答】mistake A for B是一个固定词组，意思是将A 错认作B。

11.【答案】C

【译文】我感情上容易受伤是因为我很敏感。

【试题分析】词语辨析题，了解相近词的不同意义和用法。

【详细解答】sensitive意为“敏感的”，符合句意。sensible“理智的”；sensational“令人吃惊的”；sentimental“多愁善感的”，均不符合句意。

12.【答案】D

【译文】病历表明几年前是毒品而不是疾病导致了他的死亡。

【试题分析】语法辨析题。

【详细解答】此句是强调句型，在强调句中，被强调的主语部分the drug,not the disease是动词killed的动作主体。而强调句又在整个句子中做动作show的宾语。强调句的结构是It is...that...,所以D）为正确答案。

13.【答案】D

【译文】你的做法违背了医生的建议。

【试题分析】句义理解和词语辨析题。

【详细解答】contrary to意为“与……相反”，符合句意，为正确答案。attached to,responsible to,resistant to则分别表示“连接、附属、依恋”，“对……负责的”，“耐…….的”，意思都与本题不符。

14.【答案】C

【译文】你没法用望远镜观察，除非你把它调好。

【试题分析】句义理解和词语辨析题。

【详细解答】adjust(to)意为“调整；使适应”，符合句意。adapt sth.to，“改写……以适应……，使……适应（新用途）”；adopt，“采用，收养，通过（法案）”；accustom sb.to，“使某人习惯于……”，均不符合句意。

【试题分析】词语辨析题。

【详细解答】emergence意为“出现”；crisis是“危机”，一般是政治、经济或情感危机；urgency也是紧急，但更强调意义重大，而emergency则是意料之外的、危险的紧急情况，更符合句意。

16.【答案】C

【译文】没有什么可以讨论的了，秘书长站起身来，说了再见，然后离开了房间。

【试题分析】语法辨析题。

【详细解答】本题的前半句是分词独立结构，There being (There be的分词形式)引导的分词短语在句中作原因状语。

17.【答案】C

【译文】我向你保证，机器下个星期就到。

【试题分析】词语辨析题。

【详细解答】assure sb.that意为“向某人保证说，肯定地说”，不存在其他三种搭配。

18.【答案】A

【译文】将来更多的机会将会对受过大学教育的人开放。【试题分析】词语辨析题。

【详细解答】opportunity意为“（做……的）机会”，符合句意。necessity，“必需品”；probability，“可能的结果”；reality，“现实，实际存在的事物”，均不符合句意。

19.【答案】B

【译文】他的发现毫无价值，尽管他非常努力。

【试题分析】词组辨析题。

【详细解答】count for意为“有价值，有重要性”，count for nothing即为“没有价值”符合句意。count on“指望，依靠”；count in“把……算进去”；count up“把……加起来”，均不符合句意。

20.【答案】D

【译文】他从来没发现过自己如此地被科学理想所吸引。【试题分析】词语辨析题。

【详细解答】attracted意为“受……吸引”，后接介词to。interested，“对……感兴趣”，后接介词in；absorbed，

“专心致志于”，后接介词in；confident，“确信的，自信的”，后接介词of或that从句，均不跟介词to。

【详细解答】go off意为“（食品）变坏，（疼痛）消失”，符合句意。go over sth.，“浏览，检查，复习”；go out，“消灭，参加社会活动”；go wrong，“出错，（机器）坏了，（事情）进展不顺利”，均不符合句

22.【答案】A

【译文】如果这所大学没有一个好声誉，我也不会来了。【试题分析】语法分析题。

【详细解答】这是错综时间条件句，是虚拟语气的一种。从句所陈述的条件是与现在事实相反的一种假设，所以动词用一般过去时；而主句表示的动作与过去的事实相反，所以用would have done...的结构。

23.【答案】D

【译文】原则上他同意这个计划，可是认为在实践中行不通。

【试题分析】句义理解和词语搭配题。

【详细解答】in principle是固定词组，意为“原则上，总的来说”。

24.【答案】C

【译文】要是那时候我们知道这种病能治就好了。

【试题分析】语法分析题。

【详细解答】if only引导的句子用虚拟语气，表示与过去的事实相反时，动词用过去完成时。因此C）为正确答案。

25.【答案】C

【译文】每年的这时候，天气特别多变，都不知道穿什么好。

【试题分析】词语辨析题。

【详细解答】various意为“各种各样的”；variant意为“不同的”；variable意为“多变的，变化异常的”；varied意为“变化了的，色彩丰富的”。根据句子意思，应选C。

26.【答案】D

【译文】我们公司决定取消合同，因为很多条款没有满足。

【试题分析】词语搭配题。

【详细解答】cancel the contract意为“废止合同”，符合句意。

【详细解答】celebrate在这里作“庆祝”解，congratulate意为“祝贺”，一般以人作宾语，如：congratulate sb.on sth.,applaud 是鼓掌，participate是参加，后面应跟介词in。

28.【答案】D

【译文】直到半夜，我们才在旅馆找到他。

【试题分析】语法分析题。

【详细解答】not until置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，即将助动词提前。

29.【答案】A

【译文】我只能看到远处一辆汽车，可是分辨不出汽车的颜色。

【试题分析】词组辨析题。

【详细解答】make out意为“辩认出，理解”，符合句意。look to“照顾，负责”；look out“当心，提防”；take in“容纳，理解，欺骗（多用于被动态）”，均不符合句意。

30.【答案】B

【译文】高空中一群鸟儿向南飞去。

【试题分析】词语辨析题。

【详细解答】a flock of意为“一群（鸟，羊等）”，为正确答案。a swarm of，a crowd of，a herd of分别意为“一群（蜂、蚁、蝗虫等）”，“一群（人等）”，“一群（牛、鹿、象等）”。

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