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预初第一学期英语笔记

预初第一学期英语笔记
预初第一学期英语笔记

预初第一学期

Module 1

Unit 1

1.relation relative/open presents(=gifts)/read birthday cards/do with(处理)

2.get sth. from sb.=give sb. to sth. (get-got-got)

eg. We can get water from the river.

Did you get presents/gifts from your Dad?

3.has got eg. Has Alice got a lot of presents?

4.a lot of+[c.]n./[u.]n. 否定句:[c.]n.(many)/[u.](much)

eg. There isn’t much tea in the cup. There aren’t many trees in our school.

5.make sth. for. sb. (make-made-made)

eg. My mother made a birthday cake for me on my birthday.

6.one of eg. one of your family members

Jack is one of my classmates. One of my good friends speaks good English.

8. How many uncles do you have?=How many uncles have you got?

how many+[c.]n./how much+[u.]n.

第三人称+第三人称单数形式(v.+s)

9.行为动词:always usually often sometimes seldom never

主语+频率副词+行为动词

10. what else who else where else

11.think about sth. eg. We’re thinking about the programs for the National Days.

Unit 2

1.A unt L ily T eacher W ang U ncle T om

2.(1)tell sb. about sth. (2)tell sb. sth. tell sth. to sb.

eg. Did he tell you (something) about……? They are taiking about study.

My mother often tells me a story. They are talking with each other.

My mother often tells a story to me. They are talking about study each other.

3.talk about sth. talk with sth.

4.make sth. for sb.

5. David does a lot of homework.

(not/does/a lot of/a lot of homework)

(1)David doesn’t do much homework.

(2)Does David do a lot of homework?

(3)How much homework does David do?

(4)What does David do?

6.I haven’t a friend.=I don’t have a friend.

7.talk to sb. talk with sth. eg. Did you talk to her in class?

8.at all not……at all not at all

eg. He doesn’t have money at all.=He has no money at all.

9.like to do sth. like doing sth.

eg. I like watching TV.But today I like to watch a film/go to the cinema.

10.play basketball/football

11.every day everyday(eg. everyday life)

12.almost eg. I saw almost all person.

I almost fell.

The rooms are almost clean.

13.She can read and write. She can’t read or write.

Air has no smell or taste. She hasn’t money or time.

14.at midnight in the morning/afternoon/evening

15.walk to school=go to school on foot

16.school:n./adv.

17.eat lunch=have lunch (No a/an/the +breakfast/lunch/dinner)

18.other(adj.)+n. be+adv.+v.(not do v.)

help other people=help others some……others :有一些

eg. Some cleaned the window,others moped the floor.

the others=the other+n.s:剩下的

eg. This dictionary is better than the others.

=This dictionary is better than the other dictionaries.

one……the other eg. Give me the other book,not this one.

the other:另一个

eg. This glass is broken.Get me another.

19.friend(n.) make friends

friendly(a.) eg. Miss Wang is always friendly to her students.

friendly friendlier friensliest

be friendly to friendship(n.)

20.helpful more helpful most helpful

be helpful to

help(n.) give sb. a help

help(v.) help sb. (to) do sth.

=help sb. with sth.

eg. I always help my mother with [(to) do] the housework.

21.She always works hard.=She is always hardworking.

22.be kind to=be friendly to eg. She is always kind(friendly) to her friend.

23.share sth. with sb. eg. Friend can share their secret with each other.

People share the Earth with animals.

24.be+adv.+adj. adv.+v.+n.

25.ride bicycles=ride a bicycle

visit Garden City for the first time eg. What is Winnie visiting?

28.promise to do sth. promise not to do sth.

29.live in

He lived in Nanjing Road when he was young.

I will live in the USA when l grow up.

30.time 时间(u.)n. some time 一段时间what time How much time?

次数(c.)n. How many times? 31.I’ve been here for the first time.

=It’s the first time that I’ve been here.

32.ask sb. about sth. eg. Sandy always asks her teach about some math problems.

33.have been to have been here/there(adv.) have been in

eg. My father has been to HongKong before,but I have never been there.

Mike has been in Shanghai for two years.

34.What about+n./doing=How about+n./doing

eg. How about reading this book?

A:I don’t like the blue jacket.

B:What about/How about the green one?

Shall we go to see a film this weekend?

=What about/How about going to see a film?

=Why not go to see a film?

35.on Sunday on Teacher’s Day on National Day

36.look after=take care of

eg. Who look after your grandparents carefully?

My parents look after my grandparents very carefully.

37.Our environment is dirty now,because there is a lot of pollution.

38.the E arth live on the Earth

39.pollute(v.) pollute the air

pollution(n.) air pollution fight pollution

40.help sb. (to) do sth.=help sb. with sth.

help to do sth.

eg. I always help my mother (to) do some housework.

I always help (to) do some housework.

Tom sometimes helps (to) looks after the plants in the classroom.

The monitor always helps (to) pick up rubbish.

41.keep+n.+a.

eg. My parents always keep me busy on Sunday.

Friends of the Earth help keep the city clean.

We(Everyone) should keep the classroom clean and tidy.

42.tell sb. not to do sth. tell sb. to do sth.

eg. Friends of the Earth tell people to put the rubbish into rubbish bins.

Miss Wang always tells us not to talk in class.

43.pick up rubbish

rubbish(u.)n. a rubbish bin(c.)n. pick up pick them/it up

eg. Please pick up the waste paper (it) around you.

Don’t pick the flowers.

44.reuse reuse the paper

use(n./v.) the uses of water

use sth. to do sth. eg. We use water to water flowers.

use fewer plastic bags(塑料袋)/use less plastic/use less electricity(电)

useful(a.) useless(a.) eg. This book is useful but that is useless. 45.promise (n.) eg. our primise/keep one’s promise/break one’s promise

(v.) promise promised promised

promise to do sth./promise not to do sth.

eg. He promise not to eat or drink in class.

46.discuss sth. with sb. (=talk about sth. with sb.)=have a discussion with sb.

eg. Please discuss it with your parents.

[discussion(n.)]

Unit 3

1.Ask:Do/Be ……what or what?

Answer:Yes, /No, .

2.at weekends=on weekends=at the weekend=on the weekend

3.spend spent spent(v.)

(1) 度过eg. spend holidays He will spend his holiday with his good friend.

(2)花费spend+time/money (in) doing sth.

=spend+time/money on sth.

eg. Don’t spend too much time in playing games.

=Don’t spend too much time on games.

Mum always spends a lot of time in doing her housework.

=Mum always spends a lot of time on her housework.

Alice spent 20 minutes reading English books last light.

4.the Space Museum

5.luck lucky luckily

6.bring brought brought(v.) 带来

bring sth. to sb./sp. bring sth. for sb.=bring sb. sth.

eg. She brought her friend to the party.

Don’t forget to bring your book for me.

Please bring your book for me.

=Please bring me your book.

7.take took taken 拿走take sb. to a place take sth. away

eg. I forgot to take my bag with me when I got off the bus.

Someone has taken my test paper away.

This boy took us to the room we had ordered.

8.cost(v./n.)

eg. This book cost me 15 yuan.(v.)

Did this book cost you 15 yuan?

How much did the book cost you?

The cost of the book is very high.(n.)

9.plan(n./v.)

v. plan planned planned (planning) plan to do sth.

eg. We are planning a trip to France in this spring.(v.) =Our plan is to travel to France in this spring.(n.)

Do you have any plans for the summer?(n.)

10.be going to do=will do

We are going to visit some relatives in winter holidays.

Sandy is going to enjoy the night view with his parents.

There is going to be a meeting next week.

=There will be a meeting next week.

11.in alphabetical order 摆放整齐,有次序

12.disadvantage 缺点

Module 2

Unit 4

1.A teacher teaches students knowledge.

2.A cook cooks food for people.

3.A doctor makes sick people better.

4.A farmer grows crops and food for people.

5.A fireman puts out fires and save people’s lives.

6.A pilot flies an aeroplane.

7.A nurse helps make sick people better.

8.A dentist looks after our teeth.

9.A fisherman catches fishes.

10.A policeman/policewoman makes the city a safe place.

11.A postman brings people letters and delivers newspaper.

12.A factory worker makes things by machine for people.

13.A builder/A constraction worker builds houses for people.

14.A taxi-driver drives people everywhere.

15.A bus-driver carries passengers to many places.

16.A lorry-driver carries and brings heavy things for people by ferry.

17.A shop assistant sells things to people.

18.A waiter/A waitresses brings food to people.

19.An astronaut works in a spacecraft.

20.A bank clerk helps people deal with money.

21.A businessman/businesswoman makes business and trades.

22.A secretary helps the manager to make business.

23.life---lives 生命save one’s life

24.start work(n.)/finish work(n.)

What a great job it is!

How great the job is!

What great work it is!

start sth. start doing sth.=start to so sth.

finish sth. finish doing sth.

eg. Did he finish doing his homework?

25.interviewer 采访者interviewee 被采访者

26.teach taught taught

teach sb. sth. eg. Miss White teaches us English.

teach sb. to do sth. eg. He taught the boy to play tennis.

He will teach you what to do next time.

27.make made made

(1)make sth. for sb. eg. I will make a birthday card for you.

(2)make sb. do sth. eg. This smell makes feel ill.

It makes my mother feel happy.

(3)make+sb./sth.+a./a.er eg. We want to make the kitchen bigger.

(4)make+n.(代词)+n. eg. It will make me a better man.

make it a beautiful garden

28.look for(过程)find(结果)find out(通过调查等查明一件抽象的东西)

eg. I’m looking for my book.But I haven’t found it.

Who can help me find out who has taken it away?

29.would like to do sth.(没有时态与人称的变化)

=want to do sth.(有时态与人称的变化)

eg. She would like to make a kite herself.

=She wants to make a kite herself.

What would he like to be?

=What does he want to be?

eg. What would you like to be?

=What job would you like to do?

=What do you want to be?

=What job do you want to do?

eg. That’s what I want to be.(表语从句用陈述句语序)

That’s what she wants to be.

eg. What does Kitty want to be?

=What job does Kitty want to be?

Unit 5

1.in different places in the same place

2.arrive at/in=get to=reach +spl.

arrive arrived arrived

arrive at+小的地方arrive in+大的地方

eg. arrive in Shanghai arrive at Shanghai airport

get got got

reach reached reached

eg. I will call you when I arrive at the Space Museum.

3.this weekend this+时间(前面不用介词)

I will play sports from ten fifteen to twelve o’clock.

4.do/make a project

5.How many floors are there in our school building?

Which floor is our classroom on?It’s on the first floor.

Where is the music room?

Which floor do you live on?

=Where do you live?

Where is the school hall?

Where is the school canteen(餐厅)?

Where is the library?

6.They will be in classroom 6A,on the second floor.

They will be in the Arts and Crafts room,on the third floor.

7.take the lift to each floor

8.entrance(n.) 入口exit(n.) (出口)at the entrance/exit

eg. I will wait for you at the entrance.

pass the College Entrance Examination

wait for sb. at the entrance

enter(v.)=go/come into enter entered entered

eg. The man entered the room quickly.

=The man went to the room quickly.

9.first(adv.) eg. Read the text first,then explain the new words. at first(n.) eg. At first I didn’t like English but now I do. one_first eg. for the first time

He’s the first to come here.

10.finally(adv.)=at last=in the end

final(a.) final exams semi—final exams

11.invitation n.

invite v. invite sb. to spl./invite sb. to do sth.

eg. I wrote an invitation to him.(write sth. to sb.)

an invitation to the party

invite sb. to spl.

Have you invited Jessica to your wedding?

She invited Uncle Larry to speak at her wedding.

12.listen to sb./sth.

hear sth.

eg. Look!You have made so many mistakes in the test.

Why not listen to the teacher in class carefully?

=How/What about listen to the teacher in class carefully?

She heard a big noise when she was sleeping.

13.look at/see/watch

eg. He looked at the notice board carefully.

I saw her i n the teachers’ office just now.

My father likes watching NBA.

The bobysitter watched the child play near the pond.

14.want sb. to do sth.

eg. I want you to finish the job right now!

15.have a good/great time=enjoy oneself

Unit 6

1.go by+bus/taxi/tram/ferry/underguound……

=take the underground……

Is your house near or far (away) from school?

2.an hour and a half=one and a half hours

3.the nearest bus stop underground station and shopping centre

4.It takes/took sb.+some time+to do sth.

It took my father 3 months to decorate the flat.(装修房子)=My father spent 3 months (in) decorating the flat.

How long did it take your father to decorate the flat?

Did it take him 3 months to decorate the flat?

What did it take your father 3 months to do?

It takes her two and a half hours to finish the homework. How long does it take her to finish the homework?

What does it take her two and a half hours to do?

5.go to+a place+by bus/ferry/air

sb. take+a/an\the+bus/ferry/air\undergroud+to a place

eg. Uncle Larry often goes to his office by bus.

=Uncle Larry often takes a bus to his office.

She never goes to the Space Museum by taxi.

=She never takes a taxi to the Space Museum.

Do you go to school on foot?

=Do you walk to school?

6.travel-traveled/travelled-traveled/travelled

traveling time

eg. She traveled to Beijing two days ago.

7.It’s fourteen minutes’ walk from my school.

=a fourteen-minute walk

My father’s office is about 30 minutes’ride from home.

=a 30-minute ride

How far is (it from) your school?

How far is your father’s office from your home?

8.half an hour one and a half hours=one hour and a half

two and a half hours=two hours and a half

five and a half weeks=five weeks and a half 9.a lot of and a lot

eg. There are a lot of fishes in the sea.

We don’t have much ice cream in the fridge.

He enjoys cooking a lot.(=very much)

The football player always drinks a lot after match.

He reads a lot of books so he knows a lot.

10.a little+(u.)/a few+(c.)n.

little+(u.)/few+(c.)n.

eg. Don’t hurry.We have a little time,don’t we?

Hurry up!We have little time,do we?

Time is up!I have little time to finish the test,do I?

There is a little cheese in the fridge.

There is little cheese in the fridge,is there?

A few students want to be bank clerks.

Few students came to the party because next day was Mid-tern examination day.

11.on one’s/the way (home/here/there) (to school/work) (to my school/the library/the

ciname)

Unit 7

1.We usually use signs to tell about rules.

follow your teacher

Don’t be late for school,and always arrive on time.

silence silent

We don’t have rules in the classroom.

make our beds switch off the fans/lights wait for the green man

throw rubbish feed the birds sing loudly at night

take the newspaper home look for things on the internet

Which signs are for drivers? Which signs are for people on foot?

2.rule n.

keep/follow/obey the rule(s) disobey/break the rule(s)

eg. Must we follow the class rules?

Yes,we must.We make the rules together and keep the rules well.

If we break the traffic rules we will be in danger.

3.wait for sb. at/in spl.

eg. I have waited for him for three hours.

Where did you wait for him yesterday?

Hurry up!Your mother is waiting for you at the entrance.

She kept me waiting for her at the exit but she spent 3 hours visiting the museum. When other students are having interviews,you may wait for them in the hotel lobby.

4.mean v. meaning(s) [c.]n.

eg. What does the sentence mean?

=What’s the meaning of the sentence?

What do the signs mean?

=What are the meaning of the signs?

What do you mean by doing so?

5.loud aloud loudly

(1)loud speak/talk/shout+loud read out loud=read aloud

eg. Speak louder,I can’t hear you.

They laughed loud and long.

(2)aloud eg. The teacher asked him to read the poem aloud.

He called aloud for help.

(3)loudly eg. Don’t shout so loudly.

They argried loudly,we heard every word.

6.lift=elevator escalor

eg. You may take a lift to the top floor.

=You may go to the top floor in a lift/by lift.

The Lins always go to office in a (new) car/by car.

He likes going upstairs on an elevator in a department store.

7.centre=center n. in the centre (of)

central adj. eg. Central Park is the biggest park in New Park.

8.on the left/right on one’s left/right

eg. on the right of the building on the right of the book shelf

9.at the exit/entrance

10.in the middle (of) in the center (of)

11.go upstairs/downstairs adv. stairs n. wait for me on the stairs

12.chase v. chase after sb.

eg. Students mustn’t chase during class breaks.

13.The advertisement board on your left is very interesting.

14.take the underground=take an underground tram

15.in front of in the front of

16.short adj. shorten adv. shortened adj.

17.speak English=talk in English

Module 3

Unit 8

1.also,too,either

also,too用于肯定句。too一般放在句尾,可用逗号隔开,也可不可;also大多放在be动词、助动词、情态动词后,实义动词前。

eg. You need to go shopping and I need to go shopping,too.

=You need to go shopping and I also need to go shopping.

He has been to Beijing,too.

=He has also been to Beijing.

用于否定句中,一般放在句尾,用逗号分开。

eg. He doesn’t want any coffee,and I don’t want any,either.

You don’t know the way and I don’t know,either.

He hasn’t been to Beijing,either.

2.kind (1)种类,性质n. eg. Plastics is a kind of material.

You can see different kinds of buildings on your

way to work.

(2)仁慈的,和蔼的,亲切的,有爱的adj.

eg. She is always kind to others.

It’s kind of you to help me so much.

How kind the old is!

人教版英语八年级上第九单元知识点

Unit 9 Can you come to my party? 一、单词及短语 1、prepare 动词意为使…做好准备,把…准备好;常用短语 ①prepare for……为…做准备;其名词形式是preparation 意为准备,准备工作 Eg:I can’t go to your party ,because I must prepare for the math exam. The farmers are preparing the ground for planting。 农民们正在为种植准备耕地。 ②prepare sb for/to do sth 使某人对……做好准备 eg:The teachers are preparing the students for the final examination. 老师们正让学生们准备期末考试. He took out a picec of paper and prepared to write to his friend. 他拿出一张纸,准备给他的朋友写信。 ③prepare sb sth 为某人准备…… eg:the host prepared us a delicious meal. 主人为我们准备了美味的晚餐. 2、exam examination 名词意为考试 常见的短语: entrance exam 入学考试pass the exam 通过考试 fail the exam 考试及格have /take an exam 参加考试 3、have the flu 患感冒have a cold 感冒了have a fever 发高烧have a headache 头痛 注意:其中的have不是有的意思,通常意为患有…… 4、available 形容词意为有空的;可获得的,和free的意义相同 be available===be free Eg:I am available (free)in this afternoon. 下午有空。 ----Can you come to my party this evening? ----sorry, I’m not available(free) .Maybe another time. 5、until until“直到”,表示某一种行为一直持续到某一时间。用在肯定句中,句子的谓语动词必须是可延 续性的。 not...until“直到...才”表示直到某一时间,某一行为才发生,之前该行为并没有发生. 用在否定句中,主句中的谓语可以是延续性的也可以是短暂性动词。 eg: I studied Englis until 9 o'clock last night. 我咋晚学英语一直学到9点钟.(表示9点前一直在学) I did not study Englis until 9 o'clock last night. 我咋晚直到9点钟才学英语.(表示9点才开始学) I waited for five hours until it was dark. I had to give it up.我等了五个小时直到天黑了,不得 不放弃。 I didn't go to sleep until 11 o'clock 我知道九点钟才睡觉。 He lived with his parents until he get married。他和父母住知道他结婚为止。 6、hang 动词意为悬挂,垂下过去式是hung 常见短语:hang out 外出闲逛。泡在某处hang on 紧紧抓住 Hang on 挂在…上hang up 挂断电话;悬挂,挂起Eg:He likes reading and he often hangs out the bookshop.他喜欢阅读,并且他尝尝去书店。 Hang the picture on the wall. 把这幅画挂在墙上。 7、catch 动词意为追上,赶上;其三单形式为catches 过去式为caught 常用短语为catch up with 追赶上…likes Eg:The cat likes catching the mice.猫喜欢抓老鼠。 You have to work hard to catch up with the top students in your class. 要赶上班上的优秀学生,你的更加努力才行。 9、I’m afraid……意为恐怕……,表示推测令人不愉快的事情。 表示否定时为I’m afraid not 恐怕不能表示肯定是为I’m afraid so 恐怕如此

初二英语语法总结

初二英语语法总结 1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如: When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的? 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如: Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如: Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京? 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如:How should I know? 我怎么知道? Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚? should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如: We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点: 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如: You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如: You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如: We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) What...? 与 Which...? 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如:What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的? 该句相当于: What does your father do?

人教版英语八年级上第九单元知识点

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