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常用句型

常用句型
常用句型

(a). 开头句型

适合discussion问题的开头

The issue/ discussion/ topic/ problem/ subject about/ of (whether 从句 or how + 不定式) is of great interest/ concern/ importance/ significance to/ for··· has triggered/sparked off an intense controversy in the realm of···

?The issue of···is of great interest to···

e.g. The issue of whether the practice of requiring students to wear school uniforms will

affect their personality and individuality is of great interest to many people.

?The topic of···is of great concern for···

e.g. The topic of whether it is appropriate and effective to use corporal punishment on

young children is of great concern for many people.

?The subject of···is of great importance to···

e.g. The subject of how to resolve the problems caused by the rapid development of

technology nowadays is of great importance to many scientists.

?The discussion about···is of great significance to···

e.g. The discussion about the most effective way to provide financial and technological

supports to third-world countries is of great significance to both industrialized and

developing countries.

?The question of···is a matter of much contention among

?The problem···has been widely debated in the world of···

?The inquiry into··has triggered/sparked off an intense controversy in the realm of···

e.g. The inquiry into the morality of conducting various researches and experiments on

human cloning has triggered an intense controversy in the realm of science

对于人类克隆研究与实验的道德性所作的研究已经引起了科学界的激烈争议

适合agree/disagree问题的开头

?Although it is commonly believed that···, this is actually not the case

e.g. Although it is commonly believed that conventional views about a healthy lifestyle

and proper conduct are no longer relevant to young people’s needs today, this is

actually not the case.

?Although it is widely accepted that···, this is simply untrue in our day-to-day experiences

?Although it is generally acknowledged that···, this can hardly be held true in many real-life situations.

?Although conventional wisdom has it that···, the reality of the situation is often far more complicated than that.

虽然传统大众观念认为···,但是现状却远比这种观念要复杂得多

?Although the received opinion is that···, the harsh realities usually turn out to be a completely different picture

虽然大众普遍接受的观点是···,但是无情的现实往往显现出不同的图景

e.g. Although the received opinion is that schoolchildren generally benefit from watching

television and using other high-tech media in their learning process, the harsh realities usually turn out to be a completely different picture.

?Although many people subscribe to the belief that···, this is in fact a common misconception that we need to clear up

虽然许多人认同这样的观点:···,但是事实上这却是一种我们需要澄清的普遍错误观念

e.g. Although many people subscribe to the belief that providing public library facilities

and services is a waster of taxpayer’s money, this is in fact a common misconception that we need to clear up.

?Although most individuals are convinced that···, this is actually a popular myth that must be exploded.

虽然大多数人坚信···,但这却是一种我们必须揭穿的普遍错误观点

e.g. Although most individuals are convinced that their happiness is closely linked with

the level of their financial success, this is actually a popular myth that must be exploded.

表示趋势的句型

There has been a growing trend that···

an interesting tendency that/of···

a common practice of/that···

a widespread phenomenon that···

e.g. There has been a widespread phenomenon that students from rural areas find it

increasingly difficult to have access to college or university education.

?Recent decades have seen an increased awareness of···

?Recent decades have witnessed a major transformation in···

e.g. Recent decades have witnessed a major transformation in agricultural development,

where industrial technologies are being employed and new varieties of crops are being created, yet, opponents of this development have raised a number of difficult questions.

From my point of view, this is a really complicated matter, and we need further

investigations to understand the whole picture.

(b). 中立关系

?It is worth mentioning that···值得一提的是

?It is by no means certain that···完全不能确定的是

?It is far too soon that···为时过早的是

?It is not uncommon that···不足为奇的是

?It is undeniable that···不可否认的是

?It is unavoidable that 不可回避的是

?It is obvious/ evident/ manifest that 明显的是

?It is gradually borne in on sb that 逐渐被某人认识到

?It is of great interest that···广为兴趣的是

?It is of paramount importance that··· 首要的是

?It is of great urgency that··· 刻不容缓的是

?It is + 副词 + suggested/argued/advised/believed that 普遍认为

?It is widely accepted that

?It is generally/commonly believed that 普遍相信的是

?It is universally acknowledged that 众所周知的是

?It is strongly/commonly suggested recommended/ advised that 强烈建议的是?It is sometimes argued that 有时候争论的是

?There is/was little/no substance that ···几乎毫无/没有根据

?It is no without substance that ···并非没有根据

表达观点的句式

?Advocates of······的支持者

?Opponents of······的反对者

Point out/ argue/ claim声称/believe / assert断言/ declare宣称/ conceive设想 that

?

表示趋势的句型

There has been a growing trend that···

an interesting tendency that/of···

a common practice of/that···

a widespread phenomenon that···

Recent decades have seen an increased awareness of

witnessed a major transformation in

?

表示“强调某种状态在特定明显或不明显”的句型

This is especially true if/when we consider the fact that/when it comes to/in terms of

当我们考虑··的时候,这一点尤为正确

It is not even always true that··· ···并不是总是正确的

?

Incline to = tend to 倾向于

?

Gain/get/have(direct/free/ready/unlimited/unrestricted/restricted/equal) a ccess to

获得/得到直接/自由/容易/方便/不受限制/受限制/平等/接近的机会

e.g. Men and wowen should have equal access to education and employment.

?

Be accompanied by B 伴随 A

?

Be entitled to = be eligible to = be authorised to 使享有权利,使符合资格

e.g. the privately insured are entitled to special benfits such as having the choice pf

their own doctors, and being able to avoide long waiting lists for hospital beds.

?

Have and will continue to 现在是并且将来也会继续···

e.g. Education has been and will continue to be central to the country’s economic

performance in the 21st century.

?

Give rise to = bring about = create = generate = provoke(负面的) = evoke 引起,造成

e.g. Computers have brought about many changes in the workplace.

?

Have/exert an influence/impact/effect on sb/sth 起···作用

Play a role in sth 扮演···角色

?正面:Considerable/enormous/dominant/profound/crucial/beneficial(favourable)/ stablizing/pervasive/substantial/lasting/formative

相当大的/巨大的/起支配作用的/深远的/有利的/稳定的/广泛的/实际的/(对成长或发展) 重大作用

?负面:adverse(unfavourable)/corrupting /destructive (devastating/disruptive)不利的/腐蚀的/破坏的

?

Have inherent advantages/disadvantages 有内在的优点/缺点

e.g. In terms of environmental protection, exporting agricultural products by means of

air transportation has its inherent disadvantages.

?

Be in a position to do 有条件去做

e.g. Because of the existence of express transport such as air freight, people in frigid

zone are in a position to acquire more nutritious food and vegetable from the tropical zone.

?

Be a double-edged sword ···是一把双刃剑

?

Equip sb with sth = furnish sb with sth 装备,使有能力,向···提供

?

Turn on = hinge on 取决于

e.g The environmental protection hinges on the actual action by the civilians.

?

A is a key determinant of

B A是B的决定因素

e.g. In an i ndividual’s career, tenacity is a key determinant of success.

?

Be an underlying factor in···是···潜在/隐含力量

e.g. Human curiosity is an underlying factor in the growing popularity of newspapers ?

Rely (almost exclusively) on = depend on (几乎全)依靠

e.g. Children should not always rely on parent’s help.

?

Be considered as = be think of as = be acknowledged as = be regarded as 被认为是

?

Be served/used as a brenchmark

?

It turned out that = turn out to be 证明是

E.g. the advancement of technology turns out be conducive to the mankinds.

?

Be confronted with···= In the face of ··· 面临着

e.g. be confronted with/in the face of fierce/stiff/intense competition

?

Deserve/require (careful/full/serious/sufficient/ special) consideration

需要仔细/全面/认真/足够/特别考虑

Take sth into consideration/account 考虑到,顾及

?

A and

B are not mutually exclusive 两者并不互相排斥

e.g. This two options are not mutually exclusive.

?

Be no exception to···也不例外

e.g. There is no exception to this rule in modern or in accent times.

?

Does not necessarily mean 并不必然意味着

?

···be now a commonplace···司空见惯的事

?

A and

B alike 两者都,同样地

?

Reach saturation point 到达饱和程度

?

End up + doing/ adj/ in sth 以···告终

(c). 插入语和衔接词

In essence 本质上

?

In terms of 就···而言

?

As the case may be, 句子 or 主语+谓语, as the case may be, 宾语

根据具体情况而定,视情况而定

e.g. Students should be given sufficient autonomy in deciding the courses they take as

the case may be.

More often than not, 句子. 通常,往往

e.g. More often than not it is these moments that separate the victors from the rest –

because they never despair , and press on when others fade.

往往就是这些时刻将成功者与其他人区分开来——因为成功者从不绝望,会在他人放弃时选择坚持下去。

表示“依我而言”的词组

From my point of view,

From my perspective,

To my mind,

In my opinion,

To my way of thinking

关于By no means 的应用

Be by no means an exclusive/a unique way 绝不是唯一的方法

Be by no means confined to···绝不局限于

e.g. Poverty and deprivation are by no means confined to the north of the country.

Be by no means fortuitous/coincidential 绝非偶然

e.g. The occurrence of such things is by no means fortuitous/ coincidental

Be by no means isolated 绝非孤立/个别

e.g. Such cases, though not prevalent, are by no means isolated.

Be by no means separated from 绝不应该脱离

e.g. Theory should by no means be separated from practice. 理论绝对不应该脱离实际

Be by no means certain仍未确定的

e.g. It is by no means certain that genetrically modified food will benefit humans in the

future. 转基因食品能否在未来有益于人类仍是不确定的

Be by no means a perfect way 绝非完善的方法

e.g. This is by no means a perfect way to solve the problem.

表示例证的句型

···is a good case in point

= one example will suffice to illustrate this point

= a telling(有说服力的) /notorious (臭名昭著的) example is ···

= ···is a representative of ···

表示大量的词组

A+形容词+ number of+可数名词+谓语动词复数

A+形容词+amount of+不可数名词+谓语动词单数

(time/money/information/help/data)

大量的: Massive/considerable/enormous/ tremendous

不成比例的:disproportionate

小量的:Limited/moderate/small

A wide range of = a vast/impressive array of = a wealth of = a host of = a

variety of

表示“一系列”的词组

A series of = a chain of = a sequence of

表示“等等”的词组

and so forth = and so on = and the like

表示程度的短语

in full measure 最大程度地,最大限度地

in no small/ some/ large/ equal measure 在很大/某种/很大/同样程度上To some/a certain extent 在某种/一定程度上

To a lesser extent 其次

表示“关于,谈及到,就···而言”的词组

When it comes to

With respect to

In regard to

In relation to

表示某个时间段的词组

In the midst of 正值···时候

Amid + 名词词组在···当中

Under the wave of + 名词在···浪潮中

表示伴随状态的词组

With the rapid development of···随着···快速发展

With the advent of···随着···时代的来临

With the proliferation of··· 随着···扩散

With the huge expansion of···随着···扩张

表示“不管”的词组

Regardless of = irrespective of

表示“考虑到,鉴于”的词组

In the light of = in view of

表示“更不用说”的词组

not to mention + sth = let alone

表示“(对社会规则的)遵从,遵守”的词组

In conformity with = in compliance with = in accordance with

表示“除了之外”的词组

Apart from···= Other than···

表示“连锁反应”的词组

Domino effect 多米洛骨牌效应

Knock-on effect 连锁反应

(d). 积极关系

Be made (readily/ freely/ publicly/ generally) available for/to sb

可以容易/免费/让公众/普遍得到

e.g. Free medical care must be made available for those too poor to do so.

?

Provide/give sb deep/penetrating/revealing/ fascinating insights into sth 给予某人深刻的/有启发性的/发人心省的/生动的见识

e.g. The old buidling in cities can give people especially teenagers fascinating insights

into the change of history.

acquire/advance/broaden/deepen one’s understanding of sth获得/增进···见识

= gain/get/obtain insights into

?

Have better acquaintance with 更了解···

e.g. Have better acquaintance with the local needs than those in other countries so that

it utilise the social resources more efficiently

= have better knowledge with

e.g. Local people or government have better knowledge with the operation of charity

organization in terms of the oversee of donations, thus ascertaining the transparency of fund arrangement and avoiding misappropriation of the public fund.

?

Become/be proficient/skillful in/at sth/ in doing 精通,熟练

e.g. student should become proficient in using several languages.

?

Instill sth in/into sb = inculcate sth in/into sb 灌输某人···

e.g. instill an idea/confidence deeply into sb

inculcate a sense of responsibility in sb

= impart sth to sb 传授···给某人

?

Be capable of sth/doing sth 有能力的,足以胜任的

= be competent to do sth

= Be more than capable of ···完成有能力

e.g. Schools should equip students with practicial skills so that they are competent to

find a job under current fierce competition.

?

Be well/fully aware of/that = be conscious of/that 意识到,注意到

e.g. People have been fully aware of the urgency of environmental protection.

?

Be the major beneficiaries from = largely benefit from··· 成为最主要的受益人

e.g. In respective of individuals, they are the major beneficiaries from doing their tasks

at home in this age of the computer technology

?

Be conducive/ helpful/ beneficial/instrumental to··· 有利于, 对···起作用

= be advantageous to

= be of advantge to = to the advantage of

e.g. be instrumental in bring about an end to the conflict.

An environment conducvie to learning

?

Be given sufficient/greater autonomy in doing··· 给予足够的/更大的自主权

e.g. students should be given sufficient autonomy in deciding the courses they take as

the case may be

?

Be in the best interest of···符合···利益

e.g. Even though most citizens are conscious that recycling garbage can fully utilise

natural resources in the best interest of the whole society, they are still reluctant to do so

?

Become an indispensable part of··· 成为···不可分割的一部分

e.g. car have become an indispennsable part of our lives.

?

Make use of = turn sth to good account = take advantage of sth 善用/利用机会

e.g. People should put the media to good account.

We should make better use of our resources.

?

Break down/remove/cross/overcome the barriers 打破/消除/跨越/克服障碍

e.g. they believe that sport can cross any barriers.

他们相信体育可以跨越任何障碍。

?

Get rid of···摆脱, 消除(不好的感觉,情况)

= rid sb/sth/yourself of sb/sth 消除, 解除

= extricate sb/sth/yourself from sth (使)摆脱, 脱离, 解救, 挣脱

e.g. he had managed to extricate himself from most of this official duties.

?

Alleviate the heavy burden of···减轻···重负

e.g Staying at home for work and study can alleviate the heavy burden of transport and

energy consumption.

?

Serve a useful function of 起到有用的功能

= Perform the function of 履行···的功能

= Fulfilll a valuable function in 实现一种有价值的功能

= Serve the purpose of 起到···的目的

= Fulfill an educational purpose 实现一种教育目的

e.g. It is sometimes claimed that zoo perform an improtant function in the protection of

endangered or rare species

e.g Apart from serving the practical function of giving people a comfortable shelter, a

good building should also fulfill an aesthestic purpsoe by inviting the residents to

appreciate its beauty both inside and outside.

e.g. Visiting museum is not only an enjoyable experience for young children, but it also

fulfills an important edcuational purpose by exposing them to a rich deposit of history, culture and tradition.

?

Be/get accustomed to doing/sth 习惯于···

= be/get used to doing/sth

e.g. Students should not get accustomed to relying on others’ help.

?

Adapt yourself to sth/ doing 适应(新环境)

= adjust oneself to sth/ doing

e.g. students should adjust themselves to current fierce competition

?

Serve/ satisfy/ cater to the needs of···满足···要求

e.g. satisfy/cater to the needs of tourists from abroad

serve the needs of future generations

?

Cater for sth 迎合

e.g. Catering for international tours, the local government commits more money to

improve local infrastructure.

?

Provide a solid foundation for···提供巩固的基础

e.g. respect and friendship provide a solid foundation for marriage.

= Lay the foundation on···为···提供基础

e.g. Basic science lays the foundation on which any other subjects are built.

?

Have no more worries about··· 不用再担心

e.g. The owners of companies have no more worries about employees not coming for

work, because of the heavy snow storm.

?

Be immune to 不···(负面的)影响

e.g. The corporate sector has remained largely immune to this crisis.

?

Immerse oneself in = Commit oneself to sth 潜心于,专心于

e.g. Student should immerse themselves in studying theory in universities instead of

learning practical skill

?

Reach a consensus on 达成共识

e.g. The EC Council of Finance Ministers failed to reach a consensus on the pace of

integration

?

Be brought up to do···教养,培养

e.g. It is standard practice that children are brought up to respect the law.

通常来说,小孩子接受教育要遵守法律

?

Keep the pace with 与···俱进

e.g. A number of advanced professional personnel are needed to keep the pace with the

rapid economic development.

?

With less +名词+动名词组合, greater possibilities of 动名词组合 will be taking place someday.

如果少一点的··,··更有可能在某天发生

e.g With less people driving to work or school, greater possibilities of returning us a

balance in ecosystem will be taking place someday.

(e). 否定关系

Serious/distinct/relative lack/ shortage/ absence/ insufficiency/ scarcity of = Be lack of/be short of/ be deficient in/ be in need of (严重地/明显地/相对地) 缺乏···

?

Be a hurdle to/ be a hindrance to/ be a barrier to 阻碍···

= confronted with/encounter/erect/put up barriers to

?

Scratch the surface of the problem 治标不治本

e.g. obviously, this solution scratch the surface of the problem.

?

Find it difficult to be immune to··· 很难不受···的影响

e.g. with the development of globalisation and social development, one country finds it

difficult to be immune to global affairs.

?

Be (severely/grievously) stricken with sth = be afflicted with/by = suffer from

受煎熬,遭难的,受折磨

e.g. The country ends up being stricken with the epidemic.

?

A bear/take the brunt of

B A首当其冲受到B的不利影响

e.g. women bear the brunt of childcare duties

School will bear the brunt of cuts in govenment spending.

政府削减开支,学校将首当其冲受到影响

?

Fall prey to sth受害,受坏影响

e.g. the new government has fallen prey to corruption and fraud.

新一届政府深受腐败和欺诈行为之苦

?

Be vulnerable to 容易受···(不好的)影响

e.g. The entity is potentially vulnerable to competitor’s moves.

Students are usually vulnerable to social evils. 易受到社会恶习腐蚀

?

Be prone to sth 易于遭受,有做(坏事)的倾向

e.g. tired, malnourished people are prone to infection.

Come with unpleasant/undesirable side-effects···伴随着不好的副作用

?

Fall victim to = become a victim of 成为···的牺牲品

e.g. Vital public services have fallen victim to budget cuts

一些重要的公众服务项目成了削减预算后的牺牲品

?

A take one’s toll on

B A对B产生严重不良影响, 造成重大损失

e.g. The recession is taking its toll on the housing markets. 经济衰退使住房市场遭受重

The pressure of trying to win a competition has taken its toll on their health.

Illness had taken a heavy toll on her. 疾病对她的身体造成极大的损害

?

Shake/rock the foundations of sth 从根本上动摇···

e.g. this issue has shaken the foundations of French politics. 这个问题从根本上动摇了

法国的政治

?

run counter to = be at odds with sth = conflict with 与···不相符/相矛盾

e.g. government intervening in people's private lives run counter to modern democratic

spirit.

?

动词形式:interfere in/with = intervene in 干涉,介入

名词形式:interference in/with = intervention in/with

e.g. government should interfere in the coverage of media.

?

动词形式:impinge on/upon = encroach on/upon侵犯

名词形式:impringing on/upon = encroachment on/upon

e.g. one country should not impringe on other's internal affairs.

?

Be (potentially/rather/highly) hazardous to 对···有潜在/相当/很大的危害

e.g. chemicals that are harzardous to human beings

?

Defeat the very purpose of = render sth useless/ineffective使某物无用/无效

e.g. Merely equipping students with employment skills may defeat the very purpose of

universities as educational institutions.

?

Serve no useful purpose 不起作用

e.g. the experiments serve no useful purpose.

?

Be awash with sth = be inundated with sth 充斥着···

e.g. TV nowadays is awash with violent and pornographic content

?

Create a vicious circle 产生恶性循环

e.g. It turns out to be a vicious circle of destruction/ poverty

?

句子+ to the detriment of +名词 = Be detrimental to 有害于,不利于

e.g. He works longer and longer hours, to the detriment of his marriage.

?

Pose a grave threat to···对···构成威胁

e.g. In present-day society, the proliferation of non-biodegradable trash poses a grave

threat to humanity.

?

句子+ at the expense of + 名词以(损害)···为代价

e.g. High production rates are often achieved at the expense of quality of work.

?

Be notorious for sth/ doing sth 因···而臭名昭著

e.g. The international fast foods have long been notorious as a kind of junk food.

?

Be apathetic to/about= be (utterly)indifferent to 对···冷漠/漠然

Not have sb’s best interests at heart不关心···利益

e.g. People intend to maximize their own interest instead of having the best interests of

the whole society at heart.

?

Get/grow weary of sth/ doing sth= lose interest in 对···不再热心

e.g. students grow weary of learning a series of historical fact.

?

Be reluctant to = be unwilling to 不愿意

e.g. People are reluctant to recycle garbage for the reason that they cannot acquire

direct benefit from it.

?

Turn a blind eye to = shut one’s eyes to sth对···视而不见

e.g. Those children have a good life and to turn a blind eye to patriotism

?

Have a slack attitude about对···持有疏忽的态度

Be largely ignored/neglected by···= lose sight of 被···忽略

e.g. Strange as it may seem, the significance of basic science – the main driving force

behind productivity, has been largely ignored by the general public.

?

Addict oneself to doing = get/be(irreparably不可收复地/seriously) addicted to = indulge oneself in = indulgence in 沉迷,放纵

e.g. addict oneself to gambling, drug, electronic game, pornograhy, delights of lesure

(安逸)

Too much indulgence in the Internet games or movies may lead to a superficial (肤浅的) idiot (傻子) short of abstract thinking or may aggravate the isolation of the single

children.

?

Give way to temptation= not resist the temptation to 经不住诱惑

e.g. the young are not mature enough so that they may not resist the temptation to

conduct some unhealthy behaviours.

?

Be accused of = be prosecute for/as 被指责/被控告

= be on trial(审理) for

= Accuse/prosecute sb of doing/sth

= A stand accused of = stand trial/go on trial for A 被控告···

?

lay/put the blame for sth on sb 把某事归咎某人

e.g. some lay the blame for falling exports on financial turmoil sweeping many Asian

countries

有的人干脆认为造成出口下降的原因是横扫亚洲许多国家的金融危机。

?

be criticised for···因···受到批评

be condemned for/by···因···受到谴责 (宽恕 condone)

e.g. the action has been widely condemned by human rights groups

这一行动受到人权组织的普遍谴责

?

Deprive sb of sth 剥夺某人···

e.g. modern cities deprived city-dwellers of fresh air and the comfortable pace of life.?

Be exposed to / expose sb to sth 使暴露于险境

e.g. The report revealed that workers had been exposed to unacceptably high levels of

radiation 报告披露了工人们收到有害的高强度辐射

?

Sth prompts/ impels sb to do 促使···去做

e.g. Peer pressure often impels yongsters to spend excessively on fancy clothes and

accessories (首饰)

?

If···, something will ensue 如果···,(不好的现象)接着发生

e.g. if parents neglect their offspring, lack of discipline and respect will ensue.

?

Sth is/seem (quite/totally/wholly) unwarranted/ unjustifiable很不合理

e.g. experimentaing upon lab animals without rying to alleviate their pain is

unwarranted/ unjustifiable.

?

It is a waste of time/money/effort doing sth 浪费(时间/金钱)去做···

= squander = fritter away(time/energy/money/fortune)

(f). 比较关系

Unlike A, B

Compared with A, B

A···while/ whereas B···

In comparison/ in contrast/ by contrast, B

(g). 因果关系

归因类

?根本原因

Root in = be (deeply) rooted in = be the root (cause) of 是根本原因

e.g. These traditions were deeply rooted in local custom.

Be the chief culprit of······是罪魁祸首

e.g. the modern farming techniques seems to be the chief culprit of the current crisis.

?主要原因

Be a major contributing factor to

Be a driving force to

Be largely attributed to

(结果) be the result of (原因) ···的原因是···

e.g. The need for short-term profits seems to be the driving force behind these mergers

The significance of basic science, as the main driving force behind productivity, has been largely ignored by the general public

?可能原因

Be attributable to 可能由于

Be largely due to 很大可能是由于

e.g. The public ignorance of basic science research is largely due to its unpredictable

value.

Put the blame for sth on sb把某事归咎于某人

Be blamed on···把···归咎于,归罪于

e.g. some people blame the increasing gap between the poor and the rich on unfair

social systems.

On account of = due to = owing to = because of

On account of fierce competition, people have no choice but to work overtime and put more effort into jobs

The reason for···lies in the nature of··· 来源于···的特性

The reason for this unfortunate fact lies in the nature of basic science

Account for 是···的原因

Recent pressure at work may account for his behaviour

目的类

For the sake of = for the purpose of+ 名词

Companies and institutes should financially support scientists who commit themselves to basic science, not just for the sake of profit, but for the development of science as well.

In expectation of = in hope of = in order to = with a view to doing

= with the aim of = in an attempt to = in an effort to 为了···

(h). 建议关系

Do not slacken their vigilance against 不可放松警惕

e.g. Do not slacken their vigilance against the possible abuse of such a tremendous

powers

Exercise/ maintain (constant/ continued/ extra) vigilance against

实行/保持(时刻的/始终的)警惕

Be/keep alert to 对···保持警惕

e.g. People should be alert to conditions that may indicate possible misstatement due to

error and fraud.

?

Have no choice/alternative but to··· 别无选择,唯有···

e.g. The government has no choice but to take feasible action to protect the

environment.

?

Keep a wary eye on sb/ sth

= Take a very cautious approach

= Cast a discriminate eye on密切注意

e.g. Cast a discriminate eye on their way of presentation, comments and implict

assumptions

?

Be cautious of = Be wary of 小心翼翼的,谨慎的

e.g. We should be wary of using a strong form of output control to encourage certain

scientist while discouraging others

?

take priority over = give priorities to···优先,优先权

e.g. the improvement of poverty should take priority over the space exploitation.

?

put···on top agenda = be a top priority

Be on top of the agenda = be high on the agenda当务之急

e.g. financial security was high on the list of priorities.

?

attach heavier weight to = give serious/ fullest consideration to

e.g. environmental considerations should be attached heavier weight during the

decision-making process.

?

hold more responsibility for = be held accountable for···为某人应对某事负责

e.g. The government should be held accountable for citizen’s health

?

take account of = take sth into account/ consideration把某事考虑在内

e.g. these figures do not take account of changes in the rate of inflation.

?

Some steps must be taken to reverse this trend···

e.g. Since basic science is the foundation of most technological developments, some

steps must be taken to reverse this trend.

?

Take a long view of长远打算

?

unless + 句子,主句. 如果没有,···

unless there is an effective incentive program for recycling, people could not have

enough motivation to put effort into environmental protection.

?

Bear sth in mind = bear in mind that + 句子注意,记住

(i). 结尾句型

Given the above argument, it is reasonable to conclude that 可以合理去推断

e.g. Given the above arugment, it is reasonable to conclude that if every member of the

society is aware of the relationship between humans and nature and stops their

destructive behaviour, it is going to alleviate the pressure of ecosystem.

Based on the above argument, I concede that我承认···

e.g. Based on the above arugment, I concede that using air freight comes with some unpleasant side-effects.

I am convinced that 我相信···

e.g. I am convinced that as long as people turn the massive media to good account, they can constantly benefit from its favourable functions.···outweigh···在···(影响或重要性方面)超过

e.g. The advantages outweigh the disadvantages

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