英语国家概况(1)课程第1次形成性考核答案与讲评
英语国家概况（1）课程形成性考核题
英语国家概况（1）课程第1次形成性考核答案与讲评
（Unit 01-05）
The United Kingdom (I)
I. T rue or False:
Unit 1 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom I
(T) 01. Britain is no longer an imperial country. (Unit 1)
(T) 02. The stereotype of the English gentleman never applied the majority of the British people.
(Unit 1)
(T) 03. When people outside the UK talk about England, they mistake it as Britain sometimes.
(Unit 1)
(F) 04. Scotland was once conquered by the Romans. (Unit 1)
Scotland was never conquered by the Romans. (T)
(F) 05. Cardiff, the capital of Scotland, is a large city. (Unit 1)
Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city. (T)
(F) 06. The title of Prince of Wales is held by a Welsh to tradition. (Unit 1)
The title of Prince of Wales is held by the King’s or Queen’s eldest son. (T)
Unit 2 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom II
(T) 07. “Ulster”, referring to Northern Island, was once an ancient Irish Kingdom. (Unit 2)
(F) 08. The Majority of Irish people were descendants of the original Celtic people who inhabited
British Isles before the English arrived 2000 years ago. (Unit 2)
The Majority of Irish people were descendants of the original Celtic people who inhabited British Isles before the Romans arrived 2000 years ago. (T)
(F) 09. Most British people are Catholics while most Irish people are Protestants. (Unit 2)
Most British people are Protestants while most Irish people are Catholics. (T)
(F) 10. Sinn Fein is an illegal political party in Northern Ireland now. (Unit 2)
Sinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern Ireland now. (T)
(T) 11. The Anglo-Irish Agreement of 1985 guaranteed the loyalist Protestant community their right to decide their future in Northern Island. (Unit 2)
(T) 12. The Good Friday Agreement was approved on 10 April 1988. (Unit 2)
Unit 3 The Government of the United Kingdom
(F) 13. In Britain, the process of state-building has been a revolution rather than an evolution, in
contrast to that of France. (Unit 3)
In Britain, the process of state-building has been an evolution rather than a revolution, in contrast to that of France. (T)
(T) 14. The oldest institution of government in Britain is the Monarchy. (Unit 3)
(F) 15. James I was executed in the civil war of Britain. (Unit 3)
Charles I was executed in the civil war of Britain. (T)
(T) 16. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. (Unit 3)
(F) 17. Members of Parliament elect the Prime Minister and the Prime Minister appoints the
Cabinet. (Unit 3)
Members of Parliament elect the Prime Minister and the Cabinet. (T)
(T) 18. Common laws are laws which have been established through common practice in the courts. (Unit 3)
Unit 4 Politics, Class and Race
(T) 19. In the UK, a government cannot stand for longer than five years except in exceptional circumstances. (Unit 4)
(T) 20. Anyone who is eligible to vote with 500 pounds as deposit can stand as an MP. (Unit 4) (F) 21. The amount of spent in national campaign is not limited as well as that on TV. (Unit 4)
The amount of spent in national campaign is not limited other than that on TV. (T)
(T) 22. Children from upper-middle class usually have a better education than those from the working class or middle class. (Unit 4)
(F) 23. The majority of middle-class people today have upper-class parents or grandparents. (Unit
4)
The majority of middle-class people today have working-class parents or grandparents. (T) (F) 24. Most immigrants earn a living by opening restaurants or becoming writers or musicians.
(Unit 4)
Some immigrants earn a living by opening restaurants or becoming writers or musicians.
(T)
Unit 5 The UK Economy
(T) 25. By the 1880s, the British economy was dominant in the world. (Unit 5)
(F) 26. Both the U.S. and Canada overtook Britain in economy by 1900. (Unit 5)
Only the U.S. overtook Britain in economy by 1900. (T)
(T) 27. Another reason for British decline is the loss of its colonies, especially India, which gained its independence in 1947. (Unit 5)
(T) 28. In the 1970s, with the soaring price of oil and high rate of inflation, Britain went through a bad period. (Unit 5)
(F) 29. The secondary industry produces approximately two-thirds of the national wealth. (Unit 5)
The tertiary industry produces approximately two-thirds of the national wealth. (T)
(T) 30. The service industry in the UK employs 70% of the total work force. (Unit 5)
II. Choose the best answer:
Unit 1 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom I
01. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London? (Unit 1) Key D
A. The cultural centre.
B. The business centre.
C. The financial centre.
D. The football centre.
02. Which of the following is NOT true about the characteristic of Britain? (Unit 1) Key B
A. Economic differences between north and south.
B. Difference of social systems between Scotland and Wales.
C. Class differences between a white-collar worker and a blue-collar worker.
D. Cultural differences between immigrants and the British.
03. Which of the following can NOT be found in London? (Unit 1) Key A
A. Teahouses.
B. Art galleries.
C. Museums.
D. Theatres.
04. Which is the largest city in Scotland? (Unit 1) Key C
A. Cardiff.
B. Edinburgh.
C. Glasgow.
D. Manchester.
05. Which of the following statements is NOT true? (Unit 1) Key B
A. Wales was invaded by the Romans.
B. Wales was occupied by the Anglo-Saxons.
C. Wales was conquered by the Normans.
D. Wales was threatened by the English.
06. When did Scotland join the Union by agreement of the English and Scottish parliament?
(Unit 1) Key B
A. In 1688.
B. In 1707.
C. In 1715.
D. In 1745.
Unit 2 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom II
07. In the 17th century, the English government encouraged people from Scotland and Northern
England to emigrate to the north of Ireland because ______. (Unit 2) Key A
A. they wanted to increase its control over Ireland
B. they had too many people and didn’t have enough space for them to live in Britain
C. they intended to expand their investment
D. they believed that Ireland was the best place for them
08. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for
______. (Unit 2) Key D
A. its most famous landmark, the “Giant’s Causeway”
B. its rich cultural life
C. its low living standard
D. its endless political problems
09. Faced with conflicting demands, the British government chose a compromise and organised a
partition of Ireland in 1921 because ______. (Unit 2) Key B
A. the British government wouldn’t be able to control Ireland any longer by force
B. the British government intended to satisfy both sides—Catholics and Protestants
C. Catholics in Ireland demanded a partition of Ireland
D. Protestants welcomed the idea of partition
10. Why did the British government decide to replace the power-sharing policy with “direct-rule”
from London? (Unit 2) Key D
A. The power-sharing policy was not accepted by the majority of Protestants.
B. The Northern Irish Parliament could not govern the power effectively.
C. The Power-sharing policy couldn’t be carried out.
D. All the above.
11. Which of the following agreements is accepted by both Catholics and Protestants in Northern
Ireland? (Unit 2) Key C
A. The Anglo-Irish Agreement
B. The Belfast Agreement
C. The Good Friday Agreement
D. The Multi-Party Agreement
12. According to the Good Friday Agreement, Northern Ireland today should be governed by the
following jurisdictions except ______. (Unit 2) Key B
A. the jurisdiction of the Republic of Ireland
B. the jurisdiction of loyalist ministers
C. the jurisdiction of Great Britain
D. the jurisdiction of Northern Ireland
Unit 3 The Government of the United Kingdom
13. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of British government? (Unit 3) Key A
A. It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.
B. It is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.
C. It is the oldest representative democracy in the world.
D. It has no written form of Constitution.
14. What happened in 1215? (Unit 3) Key B
A. It was the year of Norman Conquest in British history.
B. Forced by barons, King John signed the Magna Carta.
C. Henry IV granted the Commons the power to review money grants.
D. King Egbert united England under his rule.
15. Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed? (Unit 3) Key B
A. James II.
B. William of Orange.
C. Oliver Cromwell.
D. George I.
16. Which of the following in NOT related to the Constitution? (Unit 3) Key A
A. It is a written document which lists out the basic principles for government.
B. It is the foundation of British government today.
C. Conventions and laws passed by Parliament are part of the Constitution.
D. The common laws are part of the constitution.
17. Which of the following is NOT a true description of the Queen’s role? (Unit 3) Key A
A. The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.
B. The Queen symbolises the tradition and unity of the United Kingdom.
C. The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.
D. The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.
18. Which of the following is NOT a feature of the House of Lords? (Unit 3) Key C
A. Lords do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament sittings.
B. It consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.
C. The lords are expected to represent the interests of the public.
D. Most of the lords in the House of Lords are males.
Unit 4 Politics, Class and Race
19. Which group of people cannot vote in the General Election? (Unit 4) Key B
A. Members in the House of Commons.
B. Lords in the House of Lords.
C. The UK citizens above the age of 18.
D. The UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic.
20. By whom is a “vote of no confidence” decided? (Unit 4) Key A
A. The House of Commons.
B. The House of Lords.
C. The two major parties.
D. The Prime Minister.
21. Which of the following is NOT true about the electoral campaign? (Unit 4) Key A
A. Big parties can buy time to broadcast their policies on the television.
B. There is a limit on the amount of money candidates can spend in their campaign.
C. Candidates and their supporters go door-to-door persuading voters to vote for them.
D. Candidates criticise each other’s policies to show how good their policies are.
22. How many seats in the House of Commons should a party hold at least in order to win the
election? (Unit 4) Key A
A. 326
B. 351
C. 626
D. 650
23. Which of the following statements is NOT true about class system in the UK? (Unit 4)
Key B
A. People of different classes tend to read different kinds of newspapers.
B. Class division is only decided by people’s income.
C. Though social advancement is possible, class affects a person’s life chances.
D. The way people speak may identify them as belonging to a particular class.
24. Which of the following is NOT an effect of immigration on British society? (Unit 4)
Key B
A. There is now a varied cuisine for people to choose from.
B. Class tension has increased.
C. New forms of popular music have emerged.
D. Different religious beliefs have been practices actively.
Unit 5 The UK Economy
25. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the UK economy? (Unit 5) Key C
A. Britain remained one of the Group of Seven large industrial economies.
B. Britain has experienced a relative economic decline since 1945.
C. There has been a period of steady decreasing of living standards.
D. Some smaller economies have overtaken the UK in terms of output per capita.
26. Which of the following livestock has the biggest number in the UK? (Unit 5) Key D
A. Beef cattle.
B. Dairy cattle.
C. Chicken.
D. Sheep.
27. Where is the best agricultural land in Britain? (Unit 5) Key A
A. In the southeast of England.
B. In the northeast of England.
C. In the southeast of Scotland.
D. In the northeast of Scotland.
28. In the aerospace industry, which two countries are ahead of Britain? (Unit 5) Key B
A. The U.S. and Germany.
B. The U.S. and Russia.
C. Germany and Russia.
D. France and Germany.
29. Which civil airline was started in 1924 after the First World War? (Unit 5) Key A
A. Imperial Airways.
B. British Airways.
C. Hawker-Siddeley Corporation.
D. The British Aircraft Corporation.
30. Which of the following two companies merged into British Aerospace? (Unit 5) Key A
A. The British Aircraft Corporation and Hawker-Siddeley A viation
B. The British Aircraft Corporation and Rolls Royce.
C. Hawker-Siddeley A viation and GEC A vionics.
D. Hawker-Siddeley A viation and Rolls Royce.
III. E xplain the following terms:
Unit 1 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom I
01. Anglo-Saxons (Unit 1)
They were two groups of Germanic people who settled down in England from the 5th century. They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.
02. King Harold (Unit 1)
He was the Saxon King whose army was defeated in the Battle of Hastings in 1066, when William the Conqueror invaded England from France.
Unit 2 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom II
03. The Provisional IRA (Unit 2)
In 1919, a group calling itself the IRA (Irish Republic Army) expanded fighting for the Irish
freedom and independence. The Provisional IRA is the radical faction of the IRA. They prefer the use of force and believe that armed force is the only way to get the British out and to have a unified Ireland.
04. The Good Friday Agreement (Unit 2)
As a result of multi-party negotiation, the Good Friday Agreement was approved on 10 April, 1998. This agreement assures the loyalist community that Northern Ireland remains part of the United Kingdom and it won’t change its political status unless the majority of the people of Northern Ireland agree. Under the terms of agreement, Northern Ireland should be governed by three separate jurisdictions: that of the Republic of Ireland, that of Great Britain and that of its own elected executive government of ten ministers.
Unit 3 The Government of the United Kingdom
05. The Bill of Rights of 1689 (Unit 3)
In 1688, King James II’s daughter Mary and her husband William were invited by the politicians and church authorities to take the throne, on condition that they would respect the rights of Parliament. The Bill of Rights was passed in 1689 to ensure that the King would never be able to ignore Parliament.
06. The functions of Parliament (Unit 3)
The functions of Parliament are: to pass laws, to vote for taxation, to scrutinise government policy, administration and expenditure and to debate the major issues of the day.
07. The House of Lords (Unit 3)
The house of Lords consists of the Lords Spiritual, who are the Archbishops and most prominent bishops of the Church of England, and the Lords Temporal, which refers to those lords who either have inherited the seat from their forefathers or they have been appointed. The lords mainly represent themselves instead of the interests of the public.
08. The House of Commons (Unit 3)
The House of Commons is the real centre of British political life because it is the place where about 650 elected representatives (Members of Parliament) make and debate policy. These MPs are elected in the General Election and should represent the interest of the people who vote for them.
Unit 4 Politics, Class and Race
09. The importance of general elections (Unit 4)
General elections are very important in western democracy. According to Unit 4, they provide opportunities for people to influence future government policies and to replace those incompetent political leaders.
10. The formation of the British government (Unit 4)
Before a general election, the political parties would start their electoral campaign in order to make their ideologies and policies known to the public. The campaign involves advertisements in newspapers, door-to-door campaigning, postal deliveries of leaflets and “party electoral broadcasts” on the television. The parties also try to attack and criticise the opponents’ policies. Therefore, these campaigns sometimes can be quite aggressive and critical.
Unit 5 The UK Economy (Unit 5)
11. Privatisation in 1980s (Unit 5)
The British economy went through a particular bad period in the 1970s, with high rate of inflation and devaluation of the Pound. Therefore, in the 1980s, when the Conservative party under Margret Thatcher was in power, an extensive programme of privatisation was carried out. Many state-owned businesses (such as steel, telecom, gas, and aerospace) were turned into private companies. Privatisation was successful in controlling inflation but at the same time unemployment rate increased rapidly.
12. Main sectors of the UK economy (Unit 5)
The UK national economy can be divided into three main areas: primary industries, such as agriculture, fishing and mining; secondary industries which manufacture complex goods from those primary products; tertiary (or service) industries such as banking, insurance, tourism and the retailing.
英语国家概况课后题总结和答案
Chapter 1 land and people are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth The British Isles,Greant Britina and England are geographical names, no the official names of the country,while the official name is the United Kingdom,but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britian. the geographical position of Britian Britain is an island country. It lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of is separated from the rest of Europe by the English channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland The north and west of Britain are mainly highland, while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands. Britain have a favourable climate why Yes,it has a favourable climate, because it has a maritime type of climate---winters are mild,not too cold and summers are cool, not too has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole has a small range of temperature,too. are the factors which influence the climate in Britain Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest
英语国家概况
英语国家概况-Land and people I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分 1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。 2. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 3. The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones. 不列颠群岛由两个大岛—大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。 4.Three political divisions on the island：England, Scotland and Wales. 大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。 (1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section. 英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。 (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。它有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地及南部山陵。首府：爱丁堡。 (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府：加的夫 (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast. 北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域。首府：贝尔法斯特。 5.The Commonwealth (of nations)is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1991. 英联邦是独立的前英国殖民地组成的自由联合体。它成立于1931年，至1990年止已有50个成员国。 II. Geographical Features 英国的地理特征 1.Geographical position of Britain: 英国的地理位置： Britain is an island country surrounded by the sea. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. 英国是一个岛国。它位于大西洋北部，与欧洲大陆的北海岸隔海相望。南面的英吉利海峡和东面的北海将它与欧洲其它部分隔开。 2.The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands; and the east and southeast are mostly lowlands. 英国的西部和北部主要是高地，东部和东南部主要是低地。 III. Rivers and Lakes 河流与湖泊 Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in Britain (1,343m).
《新视野大学英语读写教程1》课程标准
《新视野大学英语读写教程1》课程标准 课程性质：必修课 课程类型： B类（理论+实践） 学分：6学分 学时： 68学时（4学时/周，上课总周数17周） 适用专业：英语教育 考核要求：闭卷考试，平时成绩占50%，期末考试成绩占50% 一、课程性质与任务 课程性质：本课程是英语教育专业的一门基础必修课，是英语专业的主干课程。课程任务：学生系统掌握英语语言基础知识，具体包括语言体系知识（指语音、词汇和语法结构等方面的内容）、话语知识和跨文化交际知识，全面培养学生的语言能力，具体包括学习策略能力、语言尝试能力、语言思维能力和语言交际能力，使学生初步了解英语国家的文化背景知识。 同期及后续课程：《英语语音语调》、《英语听说》、《英语泛读》、《英语口语》、《英语语法》、《英语写作》、《英汉互译》、《英语国家概况》等课程。 二、课程教学基本要求 1．知识要求 （1）掌握英语语音的基础知识； （2）掌握语法基础知识； （3）掌握词汇2500个； （4）掌握篇章结构的分析理论； 2、技能要求： 听力理解能力：能听懂英语授课，能听懂日常英语谈话和一般性题材讲座，练习收听英语国家慢速英语节目，语速为每分钟80词左右，能掌握其中心大意，抓住要点，能运用基本的听力技巧帮助理解。
口语表达能力：能在学习过程中用英语交流，并能就某一主题进行讨论。能就日常话题和来自讲英语国家的人士进行交谈；能就所熟悉的话题经准备后作简短发言，表达比较清楚，语音、语调基本正确；能在交谈中使用基本的会话策略。 阅读理解能力：能够基本读懂一般性题材的英文文章，阅读速度达到每分钟80词；在快速阅读篇幅较长、难度略低的材料时，阅读速度达到每分钟70词，能基本读懂国内英文报刊，掌握中心意思，理解主要事实和有关细节；能读懂工作、生活中常见的应用文体的材料；能在阅读中使用有效的阅读方法。 书面表达能力：能用常见的应用文体完成一般的写作任务，能描述个人经历、事件、观感、情感等，能就一般性话题或提纲在半小时内写出80词的短文，内容基本完整、用词恰当，语篇连贯。 翻译能力：能借助词典对题材熟悉的文章进行英汉互译，英汉译速为每小时100英语单词，汉英译速为每小时50个汉字；译文基本流畅，能在翻译时使用适当的翻译技巧。 3、素质要求： 针对英语教育专业的知识技能的特点，培养学生在幼儿英语教学和小学英语课堂教学的能力，提高学生的综合素质。 三、教学条件 1、教师任职条件 本科以上英语专业学历，身心健康，热爱教育工作，热爱学生；有较强的教学能力、教育科研能力和创新能力，具有一定的教育学、心理学基本知识，并能运用在实际教学过程中。另外要求教师具有制作多媒体课件进行教学设计的能力，并具有应用现代教育技术进行教学的能力。 2、实践教学条件 校内实训条件：语言实验室、英语角、英语演讲比赛等。能容纳60人、安装多媒体投影仪设备的教室一间。 四、教学内容及学时安排
英语国家概况_习题集(含答案)
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英语国家概况教学大纲 Company Document number：WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998
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Unit1 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom 1.The flag of Britain : Union Jack （英国国旗中没有显示出Welsh旗） 2. The basic information of each country: Count ry Capital Area Memo Englan d London 最大 1.最不会把自己的 “英格兰文化区 别于其他文化” 2.一个高度城市化
3.The time joining the British parliament: However, in 1707 by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments, Scotland joined the Union. 4.Difference between the British Isles ,UK, Great Britain , and England: British Isles: the island of Great Britain the island of Ireland
surrounding isles ●UK=Great Britain + Northern Ireland ●Great Britain =England +Scotland + Wales 5.The four major invasions in the history of Great Britain : At first, England was occupied by Celtic people. Then in 43AD Britain was invaded by the Roman Empire. Result: England and Wales became a part of the Roman Empire for nearly 400 years. the Angle-Saxon invaded. Result: The land they lived became" Angle-land", later changed into England, the language they spoken became English. PS：One of the best-known English legends derives from this time. In 5 century AD, King Author(亚瑟王) united the British, and with his magical sword, Excalibur（被称为“王者之剑”的圣剑）,
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