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翻译练习第四套

2012级2013-2014秋季学期四级模拟试卷（第四套）

Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, "Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I've done it hundreds of times." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

Section A

Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked aboutwhat was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which the best answer is. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

1. A) To a barbershop. C) To a book store.

B) To the grocer's. D) To a restaurant.

2. A) On Monday. C) On Saturday.

B) On Tuesday. D) On Sunday.

3. A) On October 2. C) On October 20.

B) On October 8. D) On October 21.

4. A) She will live a simple life. C) She will quit her job to get married.

B) She will fully focus on her job. D) She will stay with someone unmarried.

5. A) Driving to work is really a headache.

B) The woman will be able to buy an intelligent car,

C) Cars that drive themselves may be very expensive.

D) He is working with a car producer on intelligent cars.

6. A) Sandwich. C) Ice cream.

B) Hot dogs. D) Potato chips.

7. A) He would tear it down first. C) He would rebuild it by himself.

B) He would make some repairs. D) He would scratch the paint off its surface.

8. A) The hamburgers were delicious. C) Pigs love hamburgers too.

B) Ted ate too many hamburgers. D) Ted looks overweight. Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

9. A) Most people's arms are too fat or flabby.

B) They are easy and convenient.

C) They can keep people physically healthy.

D) There are a lot of diseases related to arms.

10. A) They don't get rid of flabby arms. C) They aren't acceptable to most people.

B) They can damage arm muscles. D) They can raise one's blood pressure.

11. A) Wearing arm weights while you are swimming.

B) Jogging vigorously in one place for a long time.

C) Using bicycles that require you to use both your arms and legs.

D) Walking slowly while swinging your arms back and forth.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12. A) To ask him to explain the steps in a lab experiment.

B) To discuss a grade she got on a lab report.

C) To ask for advice on her lab experiments.

D) To talk about a lab report she is writing.

13. A) To explain an ongoing problem in his classes.

B) To warn the woman that she will fail the class.

C) To emphasize the importance of cooperation.

D) To help the woman understand what problem she has.

14. A) Drop the chemistry class. C) Team up with a better student.

B) Read the handouts he provides. D) Join the chemistry club.

15. A) She does not like chemistry. C) She does not agree with the professor.

B) She is too busy to study. D) She is careless about lab techniques.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16. A) To spend his holiday. C) To visit the Andersons.

B) To meet his girlfriend. D) To work as an engineer.

17. A) He was interviewed by a newspaper.

B) He disappeared from the spot quickly.

C) He went to the hospital in the ambulance.

D) He asked his girlfriend for his dry clothes.

18. A) The first day when he was in New York.

B) The day when he was leaving for home.

C) The same day when he was interviewed.

D) A couple of days after the girl was rescued.

Passage Two

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19. A) It fails to consider right-handed people.

B) It woks better with men than with women.

C) It is different for men's clothing and women's.

D) It has been followed by the industry for over 400 years.

20. A) They were mostly dressed by servants.

B) They drew their swords from the left.

C) They tended to wear clothes without buttons.

D) They were interested in the historical matters.

21. A) Customs are hard to change.

B) Modem women dress themselves.

C) Manufacturers should follow standards.

D) Adopting men's style is improper for women.

Passage Three

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

22. A) Hoatzins in dry and rainy seasons.

B) The relatives and enemies of hoatzins.

C) Primitive birds and hoatzins of the Amazon.

D) The appearance and living habits of hoatzins.

23. A) They live on river banks. C) They have claws on the wings.

B) They eat a lot like a cow. D) They look like young cuckoos.

24. A) They could fly long distances.

B) They had four wings like hoatzins.

C) They had claws to help them climb.

D) They had a head with long feathers on the top.

25. A) To find more food. C) To keep themselves warm.

B) To produce their young. D) To protect themselves better. Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

The concept of student exchange between countries is not a new one. It is a common26 in many European countries and the United States of America. In fact, most of the leading universities have made student exchange programs a 27 part of their system. This program 28 the philosophy that a group of students coming from various parts of the world to a certain university for a year or even a few months can bring about a 29 in the university.

Tracing its root back to World War II, student exchanges quickly became 30 as they aimed to help increase the participants' understanding and 31 of other cultures, as well as improving their language skills and 32 their social horizons. The trend is also catching up fast in Pakistan and a number of organizations 33 sending the students abroad to various universities. In this regard, I was selected for this program in 2007, according to which I was to study the Spring 2008 semester at the University of Montana. As expected, the experience was amazingly enriching and proved tremendously fruitful.

Education in America is a blend of academics and a whole lot of other things.

However, it's not all fun and games for exchange students as the courses offered are no piece of cake. But to make things interesting, a 34 choice of majors is offered which makes it a little easier for students since then they tend to opt for subjects that they find easy or 35 .

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Blood Donation: a Life-Saving Cause

A) China enshrined the practice of voluntary, non-remunerated blood donations into

law with the promulgation ( 颁布) of the Blood Donation Law on October 1, 1998. According to statistics from the Ministry of Health, the number of non-remunerated blood donors climbed steadily across the country in 2005. Last year, blood donated by non-remunerated donors accounted for 95 percent of the total used for medical purposes, and 84 percent of these donations were purely voluntary. This compares with respective figures of 22 percent and 5 percent in 1998.

B) While more and more people are making voluntary blood donations, other

statistics illustrate the hazards such donors face despite their goodwill. Minister of Health GaoQiang told the media November of 2005 that around 70,000 people in China contracted HIV/AIDS through blood transmission, either as donors or recipients. China has a population of 840,000 living with HIV, the majority of whom were infected through the intravenous (静脉内的) injection of drugs and unprotected sexual intercourse. Safe blood refers to blood that will not jeopardize the health of recipients through the risk of disease. For both donors and recipients, the safety of blood is directly related to their health and life, and it is vital that there are no lapses in the process. Therefore, as more people donate blood, the government is working to ensure that the nation's blood supply is safe, for both donors and recipients.

Stringent Testing Procedures

C) Every voluntary blood donor must go through complex testing procedures before

donating blood, including an ID check and examination of blood pressure and blood composition, including a check for hepatitis. Besides the strict medical indicators, even something as simple as a sneeze in front of the medical staff could also bar a donor as being unsuitable. "It is out of a responsible attitude toward donors, since ailments might cause a negative reaction. Meanwhile, illnesses might harm the quality of the blood," said a worker at the Xidan mobile blood bank. "Donors are perfectly safe while donating blood here because all the equipment used to collect blood, such as needles, will be discarded and replaced with new, sterile material each time a procedure is performed. So there is no risk

of infection and no unsafe factor for the donors." The Blood Donation Law clearly stipulates 规定) that seven components, including tests for HIV, hepatitis

B ( 乙型肝炎) , hepatitis

C (丙型肝炎) and syphilis (梅毒) , blood pressure

must be strictly examined and no error is allowed in the testing. The staff confirmed that each of these factors is double-checked later, and if blood is discovered to contain any abnormality, it is destroyed.

D) Stringent tests await blood that is donated. Instead of putting the blood into blood

banks right away, collectors store it according to strict procedures. Immediately after the donated blood is delivered to the blood center, the blood type will be tested for the seven mandatory ( 命令的) items. To guarantee the accuracy of tests, they are conducted on two samples of a donor's blood at the same time. The environment of the test labs, including the air and floor, is disinfected every day to make sure it is germ flee. After these standard procedures, the accepted blood goes through various processes, such as the separation of blood components. In the final step, the medical staff obtains all the information on every blood donation from a computer scan of the label on each bag, if all results are normal, staff members will affix (贴上) the blood type to the bag. These bags are then stored in a blood bank for use.

Health and Safe Blood

E) ZouZhengrong, Deputy Director of the Shanghai Blood Center, said, "There is no

absolutely safe blood. One reason is scientific limitations. The disease must register abnormal figures before you can detect it and kill it. Second, the virus must accumulate to a certain amount before it can be discovered." He explained that there is a gap between the time a virus invades a healthy body and when it can be detected. He noted that this "window period", or the time it takes for a person who has been infected with a disease to test positive for antibodies, is 22 days in the case of HIV.

F) In order to avoid problems threatening blood safety, such as concealing a disease

history or the frequent sale of blood, China stipulates in the Blood Donation Law that the blood for clinical use supplied by all blood centers across the country must come from non-remunerated blood donors. China has two types of "non-remunerated" blood donation. One is voluntary, which means donors do not receive any compensation in the form of nutrition fees or other subsidies from the blood collection agency or the donor's employer. The other is planned blood donation. Companies and government branches organize their employees to donate blood on a regular basis. This group of donors receives various types of material compensation from their employers.

G ) A real name system might serve as an effective method to defuse (消除) hidden

dangers induced by economic incentives, experts say. Therefore, many cities have invested generously in establishing a system so as to identify blood sellers. Aside from cracking down on the practice of paying people to donate blood, a real name system has other advantages. Zou said, "If every donor registers his or her real name and identity, if a rare blood type is badly needed, hospitals could save lives by tracing the donors by record. This solution is quite

feasible."

Government Investment

H) In the mid-1990s, illegal blood collection generated the spread of HIV/AIDS in

certain regions. To address this problem, China has adopted a series of laws and regulations to guarantee blood safety and set severe penalties for organizers of blood trade. Other measures also include cracking down on undocumented blood collectors, intensifying rectification of blood banks, implementing an HIV testing procedure and encouraging non-remunerated blood donation. With such efforts, the government has been committed to the elimination of the illegal blood trade and will punish those involved according to law. Issues concerning blood safety will be seriously dealt with.

I ) The government has also stepped up investment in improving facilities in blood

stations. Vice Minister of Health Chen Xiaohong revealed at a national conference in March that in order to guarantee blood safety, governments at all levels invested a total of 2.25 billion Yuan in initiating a blood supply system construction project which includes upgrading equipment for 318 blood stations and 119 blood centers This project has built the first group of blood stations in the western area and greatly boosted conditions and facilities in blood stations.

Meanwhile, this campaign closed down many unqualified blood collection agencies. By the end of 2005, a total of 387 grassroots blood stations and blood banks had been closed or merged. Thus, China has formed a blood supply network consisting of blood centers at the provincial level, blood stations at the prefecture level and local blood banks. Meanwhile, blood donation and collection services are more accessible to the public and the level of blood safety has been greatly upgraded.

46. As more and more people are making voluntary donations, the government is

working on making sure that both donors and recipients will be prevented from contracting the disease.

47. In order to guarantee blood safety, the Blood Donation Law requires that the blood

for clinical use must come from non-remunerated blood donors.

48. In 1998, 5 percent of non-remunerated donations were made by purely voluntary

donors.

49. According to ZouZhengrong, there's no absolutely safe blood because of scientific

limitations.

50. A real name system can enable the hospitals to trace the blood donors by record

easily and quickly if a rare blood type is badly needed to save someone.

51. To be a qualified blood donor, one must go through ID check, blood pressure

examination and blood composition examination.

52. There are two types of "non-remunerated" blood donation in China, that is,

voluntary donation and planned blood donation.

53. We can learn from the passage that at the Xidan mobile blood bank, donors are

perfectly safe when donating blood.

54. According to GaoQiang, there are big hazards in the blood transmission.

55. Medical staff use computer scanner to get all the information on every blood

donation.

Part IVTranslation (30 minutes)

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chineseinto English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

丝绸之路(the Silk Road)是公元前2世纪开始出现的一条联系中国和欧亚大陆的交通要道，由于这条道路开始时以丝绸贸易为主，所以人们便称它为丝绸之路。这条陆上道路从中国的长安开始，经甘肃、新疆，进而到中亚、西亚，并一直联结到地中海(the Mediterranean)沿岸各国。丝绸之路不仅是一条古代通商的道路，它更是连接古代中华文明、印度文明、埃及(Egypt)文明、希腊(Greece)文明和美索不达米亚(the Mesopotamian plains)文明的纽带，是东西方文化和科学技术交流的桥梁。

四种翻译方法,十种翻译技巧

四种翻译方法 1.直译和意译所谓直译，就是在译文语言条件许可时，在译文中既保持原文的内容，又保持原文的形式——特别指保持原文的比喻、形象和民族、地方色彩等。每一个民族语言都有它自己的词汇、句法结构和表达方法。当原文的思想内容与译文的表达形式有矛盾不宜采用直译法处理时，就应采用意译法。意译要求译文能正确表达原文的内容，但可以不拘泥与原文的形式。（张培基）应当指出，在再能确切的表达原作思想内容和不违背译文语言规范的条件下，直译有其可取之处，一方面有助于保存原著的格调，另一方面可以进新鲜的表达方法。 Literal translation refers to an adequate representation of the original. When the original coincides or almost tallies with the Chinese language in the sequence of vocabulary, in grammatical structure and rhetorical device, literal translation must be used. Free translation is also called liberal translation, which does not adhere strictly to the form or word order of the original.（郭著章）直译法是指在不违背英语文化的前提下，在英译文中完全保留汉语词语的指称意义，求得内容和形式相符的方法。

【英语】高考英语翻译解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)(1)

【英语】高考英语翻译解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)(1) 一、高中英语翻译 1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。(accustomed) 2．将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。(be up to) 3．没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than) 4．家长嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏，以免遭遇不测。(for fear) 5．虽然现代社会物资丰富，给予消费者更多的选择，但也使不少人变成购物狂。(turn) 【答案】 1．I’m accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep. 2．It’s up to you what kind of life will lead in the future. 3．There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel programme. 4．Parents ask their kids not to play by the river for fear that something terrible might happen. 5．While modern society, rich in material resources,has given consumers more choice, it turns many of them into crazy shoppers. 【解析】试题分析： 1．翻译这句话的时候，注意词组：be accustomed to doing“习惯于做……”。 2．这句话使用了句型：It’s up to you +从句，“做….由某人决定”。这里what kind of life will lead in the future.是主语从句，it是形式主语。 3．这句话使用了There be句型， nothing 后面是形容词做定语，因为是比较的含义用形容词的比较级more exciting，还有词组“被允许做”be allowed to ，以及词组“参加”：take part in 。 4．这句话使用了for fear that 引导目的状语从句，和词组“让某人不要做……”ask sb. not to do. 5．这句话使用了连词While 表示“尽管，虽然”。词组“富含”be rich in ，主句中使用了词组turn…. into …..“将…变成…”。考点：考查翻译句子 2．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．今年元旦我们玩得很开心。(enjoy) 2．舅舅昨天寄给我一张卡片，祝贺我18岁生日。(congratulate) 3．经过多年的建设，这个小镇现在和地震前一样充满了活力。(as...as) 4．演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。(familiar) 5．她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目，就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No sooner)【答案】

高三英语翻译技巧和方法完整版及练习题及解析

高三英语翻译技巧和方法完整版及练习题及解析一、高中英语翻译 1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．她五年前开始拉小提琴。(play) 2．由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。(owing) 3．每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的考验。(stand) 4．能否抵御网络游戏的诱惑是摆在中学生面前的一道难题。(It) 5．在展览会上，公司销售经理展示了孩子们翘首以盼的新型电子玩具。(demonstrate) 【答案】 1．She began to play the violin five years ago. 2．Owing to bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours. 3．Every designer hopes that his work can stand the test of time. 4．It is a difficult problem for high school students whether they can resist the temptation of online games. 5．At the exhibition, the company’s sales manager demonstrated the new type of electronic toys (which/that) children were looking forward to. 【解析】 1．根据“五年前”确实时态，可知用一般过去时，注意短语play the violin。【考点定位】考查动词时态、习语及表达能力。 2．根据提示词可知，由于译为：owing to ，此处to是介词。注意用被动语态，因为航班被推迟。【考点定位】考查介词短语及被动语态。 3．此句希望（hope）是谓语动词，后接宾语从句。时态用一般现在时。【考点定位】考查宾语从句及时态。 4．此句it是形式主语，whether引导主语从句，时态一般现在时。短语：抵御诱惑resist the temptation。【考点定位】考查主语从句及形式主语it的用法。 5．注意句子结构的安排，“孩子们翘首以盼的”应译为定语从句。时态用一般过去时。【考点定位】考查定语从句及相关短语的表达。 2．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．熬夜大大影响健康。(affect) _________________________ 2．等他明年回来，这个体育馆就建好了。(by the time) _________________________ 3．从长远来看，你的知识面越广，就越有能力应付工作中的问题。(capable)

《翻译理论与技巧》练习题库

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（英语）高中英语翻译的基本方法技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案) 一、高中英语翻译 1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．今年元旦我们玩得很开心。(enjoy) 2．舅舅昨天寄给我一张卡片，祝贺我18岁生日。(congratulate) 3．经过多年的建设，这个小镇现在和地震前一样充满了活力。(as...as) 4．演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。(familiar) 5．她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目，就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No sooner) 【答案】 1．We enjoyed ourselves this New Year’s Day this year. 2．My uncle sent me a card yesterday to congratulate / congratulating me on my 18th birthday. 3．After years of / years’ construction,the little town is now as lively as it was before the earthquake / it used to be before the earthquake. 4．The performance began with a piece of classical music which was familiar to people in their fifties. 5．No sooner had she watched the TV program on the extinct species than she made up her mind to join the wildlife protection organization. 【解析】 1．根据“今年元旦”可知，该句用一般过去时，玩得很开心用词组enjoy oneself 2．根据“昨天”可知，该句用一般过去时，congratulate 的用法是congratulate sth或者congratulate sb on sth 3．根据“经过多年的建设”可知，后面描述的是建设后的情形，即现在的情形，因此用一般现在时，as..as..的用法是形容词或者副词放在中间。 4．根据句意可知，演出已经开始了，事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时，familiar的用法是sb be familiar with sth 或者sth be familiar to sb 5．no sooner的句型为no sooner ...than,因为no sooner是否定词，因此no sooner后面要用部分倒装的句式。 2．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．这场因无视规则引发的事故值得我们深思。(ignore) _________________________ 2．梦想还是要有的，但不努力就不可能实现。(unless) _________________________ 3．正是这次经历才让我明白，我不该太过忙碌而错过生活的恩赐。(It) _________________________

B翻译理论练习题

翻译理论部分练习 1．_____ 主张直译，但同时又提倡保留“神韵”。 A．鲁迅B．瞿秋白C．茅盾D．郭沫若 2．就汉译英而论，_____。 A．断句的情况较多，并句的情况较少B．断句的情况较多，并句的情况也较多C．断句的情况较少，并句的情况较多D．断句的情况较少，并句的情况也较少3．中国第一个系统介绍西方哲学的人是_____。 A．严复B．王佐良C．林纾D．钱钟书 4．提出“既须求真，又须喻俗”的是_____。 A．阿毗昙B．释道安C．鸠摩罗什D．玄奘 5．提出“重神似不重形似”的观点的是_____。 A．钱钟书B．傅雷C．瞿秋白D．许渊冲 6．著名的“信、达、雅”翻译标准是我国近代翻译家_____提出来的。 A．林纾B．周煦良C．钱钟书D．严复 7．原文：“I have seventy-two grandchildren，and if I were sad each time I parted from one of them，I should have a dismal existence!”“Madre snaturale．”he replied．译文：“我的孙子孙女有72个，要是每离开一个都要难过，我的生活可就太痛苦了。”听了这话，老先生竟说：“这个做母亲的真怪呀!” 本句中画线部分运用的主要翻译方法是：_____。 A．反译B．减词C．增词D．省略 8．讲到译诗体会时，提出译诗须像诗的是_____。 A．鲁迅B．王佐良C．林纾D．钱钟书 9．_____不喜欢重复，如果在一句话里或相连的几句话里需要重复某个词语，则用_____来代替，或以其他手段来避免重复。 A．汉语；名词B．英语；副词C．英语：代词D．汉语；代词 10．在“翻译三论”中提出“雅”应作为“得体”来理解的是_____。 A．钱钟书B．周煦良C．傅雷D．王佐良 11．1954年，_____在全国文学翻译工作会议上讲话，指出：“翻译是一种创造性的工作，好的翻译等于创作，甚至还可能超过创作”。 A．郭沫若B．钱钟书C．茅盾D．杨宪益 12．汉语语法单位的组合多用_____，连接成分并非必要。 A．意合法B．形合法C．意合法和形合法D．省略法 13．一件事情，往往可以从不同的角度来加以说明。原文从正面说的，译文可以从反面来说，这就是_____。 A．胡译B．省略C．反译D．直译 14．翻译初学者应该注意的两个标准是_____和_____。 A．忠实；明白B．通顺；易懂 C．准确；古雅D．忠实；通顺 15．钱钟书先生指出：“文学翻译的最高标准是‘_____’。” A．神似B．化C．美D．通顺 1 6．_____针对赵景深“宁顺而不信”的提法，提出了“宁信而不顺”的主张。 A．鲁迅B．茅盾 C．瞿秋D．林纾 1 7．_____虽不懂外语，却翻译了大量的西方文学作品，如《巴黎茶花女遗事》等。