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必修四unit1重点、难点

必修四unit1重点、难点
必修四unit1重点、难点

必修四unit1重点、难点

Unit One Women of achievement

1、Then we follow as they wander into the forest. 然后当它们向森林走去时,我们就跟随着。

wander

(1) 游荡;漫游

They wandered in Europe for three months. 他们在欧洲漫游了三个月。

His eyes wandered round the full house. 他用眼睛把整个房子扫视了一遍。

(2) 迷路乱走

Don’t wander off the road into the forest. 别离开大路进入森林。

The dog wandered off and got lost. 狗迷路走失了。

(3) 蜿蜒曲折

The river wanders through some very beautiful country.

小河蜿蜒曲折穿越漂亮的乡村。

The little stream wanders through the woods. 小溪从林中穿过。(4) 胡想;说胡话

Don’t let your thought wander in class. 上课时思想别跑毛。

His mind wandered back to his college days. 他的思想又回到了大学时代。

2、In pairs discuss what they have in common and what makes them great.

同桌互相讨论他们有什么共同点,什么使得他们很伟大。

common adj. & n.

(1)共同的,常见的

You ’ve made a common mistake again. 你又犯了个常见错误。(2)共同的;公用的

Parks are common property to the city’s people. 城市的公园是这个城市的人的公共财产。

联想扩展:

have…in common 有共同之处

My son has nothing in common with me. 我儿子和我没有一点共同之处。

common ground 共同利益common knowledge 人所共知的事common sense 常识

易混辨析:

common , usual , ordinary , general 普通,通常

common 所有人或事物所共有的,常见的,普通的。“习见习闻”。

usual 由过去的经验可判断为正常或通常,是按照预测发生的。

ordinary 与一般实物的标准、品德、习俗相同,平凡而不特殊,强调平淡无奇。

general 广泛的,关联到同类中之全部。

3、She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children.

她把一生都献给了中国妇女和儿童的医疗事业。devote…to…献身于…

The old man has devoted all his life to teaching. 那位老人把一生献给了教育事业。

She devotes all her spare time to looking after her sick mother.

她把所有的空余时间都花在照顾生病的母亲上。

特别提示:

devote…to…句型中的宾语多用(all) on e’s life; (all) one’s time; one’s effort / efforts。

即时活用:

1、Although the working mother is very busy, she still _____a lot of time to her children.

A. devotes

B. spends

C. offers

D. provides

答案:A

2、_____ two years to ________after the sick woman, she badly needed

a holiday.

A. Devoting herself; look

B. Devoted; looking

C. Devoting; looking

D. Devoted; looked

答案:B

3、We should devote ______ the people in the earthquake area.

A. us to help

B. us to helping

C. ourselves to helping

D. ourselves to help

答案:C

4、She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.

她花了几年时间观察并且记录他们的日常活动。

observe vt. & vi. 注意到;看到;观察

用法归纳:

(1)跟名词或代词

Did you observe anything strange? 你发现有什么奇怪的地方吗?We observed a curious phenomenon that day. 那天我们发现了一个奇怪的现象。

(2)跟复合结构

Did you observe a man enter the building? 你看到一个人进入这栋大楼吗?

The policeman observed a car running on the left of the road and stopped it.

警察注意到一辆车行驶在路的左边就把它挡住了。

特别提示:

observe后跟复合结构时,一般跟省略了to的不定式或现在分词。但需要特别注意,被动句中不定式的to不能省略,另外,如果作宾语补足语的不定式是to be结构,to不能省略。

即时活用:

1、I observed two men in raincoat ______ the hall.

A. enter

B. entering

C. entered

D. to enter

答案:B

2、He ____ that it had turned cloudy.

A.observed

B. watched

C. felt

D.notice

答案:A

5、She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.

她主张应该让野生动物在野外生活,而不能用于娱乐或广告。

argue vt. & vi. 争论;辩论

用法归纳:

(1)argue with sb. about / over sth. = argue about / over sth. with sb. 关于某事和某人争论

What are you arguing about? 你们在争论什么?

I will not argue over the matter with you any more. 我将不再和你争论这个问题。

(2)argue sb. to be…说明

The way he spends money argues him to be rich. /that he is rich.

他花钱的方式说明他很富有。

The smoke from the chimney argues that there is someone in the house. 烟囱冒烟说明房子里有人。

(3)argue for / against 提出理由支持/反对

He argues against the use of animals in the experiment.

他提出理由反对在试验中使用动物。

Some students argue for the use of mobile phones in school.

一些学生支持在学校使用手机。

(4)argue sb. into / out of doing sth. 通过争论使…(不)做某事The teachers argue the students out of bring electric products to school. 老师们要求学生们不把电子产品带到学校。

They tried to argue us into going with them. 他们想说服我们和他们一起去。

易混辨析:

debate, discuss, argue, quarrel 争论;辩论

debate 用于正式场合,指辩论双方对一个问题进行全面的、彻底的辩论,有时含有针锋相对的意思。另外,debate 还有在裁判的监督下或根据一套规则进行的正式讨论。

discuss指“讨论”、“商量”的意思,侧重交换意见,讨论参与者着重阐明问题,而不是肤浅的陈述个人意见,态度较为严肃。

argue 为普通用语,表示“争辩”,即反对他人的意见,坚持自己的主见,并以推理的方式陈述、论证,试图说服他人,含愤怒的语气。quarrel 意为“吵架”。

即时活用:

1、Truth develops through ____ between different views.

A. discuss

B. argue

C. debate

D. quarrel

答案:C

2、 Do what you are told and don’t _____ me.

A. argue with

B. argue against

C. argue about

D. argue into

答案:A

6、She is leading a busy life. 她过着繁忙的生活。

live / lead/ have a…life 过…生活

Though he is rich. he leads a simple life. 虽然他很有钱,但他生活简朴。

We are now living a happy life. 我们现在过着幸福的生活。

7、Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.

一旦我停下来,这些就涌入我的脑海,我就想起黑猩猩在实验室的情形。

crowd in涌向;涌进/out 涌出

Memories crowded in upon me. 记忆涌入我的脑海。

They crowded out to see the pop star. 他们涌出去看那个明星。

8、Her mother came to support her. 她妈妈支持她。

support vt.

用法归纳:

(1)支持;赞成

No matter what he does, I will support him. 无论他做什么,我都支持他。

Do you support the idea that we will retire in 65. 你赞成我们65岁退休的观点吗?

(2)支撑;搀扶

Three poles support the house. 三根柱子支撑着房子。

The old man is walking slowly with a stick supporting him. 那个老人拄着拐棍慢慢走。

(3)养活;赡养

I have to support a family of four. 我要养活一个四口之家。

The young should support the old. 年轻人要赡养老人。

9、Many people look down upon poor people. 许多人瞧不起穷人。look down on / upon 看不起;蔑视

Women were looked down upon in the old days. 旧社会妇女被人瞧不起。

You shouldn’t look down on this kind of work. 你不能看不起这样的工作。

联想扩展:

look about 考虑look after照顾look at看;考虑look back 回顾;回想look for 寻找look forward to 期盼look in on拜访look into 调查look on 旁观;看待look out 当心look out for 当心;提放look over 审阅;查看;检查look through 浏览;仔细查看look to 注意look up 查出;看望look up and down 上下打量look up to 尊敬

10、If the word group refers to different members, use a plural verb.

如果集合名词指不同的成员,动词用复数形式。

refer to

用法归纳:

(1)指的是

What does the underlined word refer to in the passage? 短文中下划线词指什么?

When I say someone is stupid, I don’t refer to you. 当我说有人很蠢时,我不是指你。

(2)适用于

This rule refers to all of you. 这个规定适用于你们所有人。

The new regulation doesn’t refer to people under 45. 新规定不适用45岁以下人群。

(3)提到;谈到

Did he refer to me in his letter? 他在信中提到我了吗?

The Japanese Prime minister refered to the war and apologized to the Chinese people.

日本首相谈到了那次战争并向中国人民道歉。

(4)查阅

If you don’t know the meaning of a word, you can refer to a dictionary.如果你不知道一个单词的意思,可以查字典。

Please refer to the last page for the answer. 请在最后一页找答案。

(5)让…处理

Let’s refer this matter to the teacher. 咱们让老师来处理这件事。

If anyone wants more information, please refer him / her to me.

如果有人想了解详情,让他/她来找我。

(6)refer to…as把…称作

We refer to our teacher as our friend. 我们把老师当朋友。

It’s not right to refer to students as silly cows. 叫学生蠢猪是不对的。特别提示:

refer的现在分词和过去分词形式分别是:referring ; referred

即时活用:

1、The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ____ his notes.

A. bringing up

B. referring to

C. looking for

D. trying on

答案:B

2、The professor _____ in the letter is from Shanghai.

A. referred

B. referred to

C. referring

D. referring to

答案:B

11、By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi,

a specialist in women’s diseases.

一次偶然的机会,我看到一篇有关一个妇科病专家叫林巧稚医生的文章。

by chance碰巧

I met him in the street yesterday by chance. 昨天我在大街上偶然碰到他。

The accident happened by chance. 事故是偶然发生的。

come across(偶然)遇见;碰见;想到

I came across this book in an old bookstore. 我在一个旧书店偶然看到这本书的。

He suddenly came across a good idea. 他突然想到一个好主意。

联想扩展:

come true come up with come to an end come to a stop come about come along前进;进展come to oneself come at朝…扑过去come back come out 发表

12、I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.

我细细的看了这篇文章,了解到那是专为农村妇女写的。

intend vt. 打算;有…意图

用法归纳:

(1)intend to do sth.

What do you intend to do today? 今天你打算做什么?

I didn’t intend to be rude to you yesterday. 昨天我没想对你不礼貌。(2)intend sb. to do sth.

Did he intend us to share the cost? 他想让我们一起分担费用吗?

I intend you to do it by yourself. 我想让你独自做那件事。

(3)intend doing sth.

I intend coming to help you. 我本想来帮你。

What do you intend doing next? 下来你想做什么?

(4)intend that…

I intend that we shall arrive tomorrow. 我打算我们明天到。

The old man intends that his son will take over the business. 老人打算让他儿子接管生意。

联想扩展:

be intented for 专为…;打算给…

The prize was intended for the old man. 这个奖是专为那个老人设立的。

This film is intended for children. 这部电影专为儿童拍摄。

即时活用:

Those lovely flowers were ____ for your mother for her seventieth birthday, but as she is

away, I would be glad if you accept them.

A. devoted

B. intended

C. supplied

D. produced

答案:B

13、There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a day’s work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.

数不胜数的故事讲述着林巧稚如何在劳累了一天之后,又在深夜

去为贫苦家庭的产妇接生,而这些家庭常常是不可能给他报酬的。

deliver vt. & vi.

用法归纳:

(1)送;投递

Milk is delivered every morning. 牛奶每天早上送到。

We deliver goods to your door. 我们送货上门。

(2)作演讲;提出

Obama delivered a very important speech in Shanghai Jiaotong University.

奥巴马在上海交通大学做了重要演讲。

He delivered a new suggestion at the meeting. 他在会上提出了新建议。

(3)接生;给…接生

Lin Qiaozhi delivered countless babies. 林巧稚接生了数不清的婴儿。

The doctor delivered Mrs Jones. 大夫给琼斯夫人接生。

联想扩展:

(1)deliver from 从…解脱出来;使解脱

Teachers should try to deliver students from heavy study.

老师们应该尽力把学生们从繁重的学习中解脱出来。

(2)deliver over / up (to) 移交;交给

The dying father delivered his business to his son. 快要死的父亲把生意

交给了儿子。

(3)delivery n.送货;投递

人教版高中英语必修四 Unit4 Body language-语法篇(教师版)

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人教版高中英语必修四Unit1-2单词

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必修4《生活与哲学》:教学目标、重点、难点、方法、课时总汇(写教案实用)

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(2)运用辩证的方法,全面地理解哲学与具体知识的关系。 (3)利用网络平台,搜集、整理哲理故事。 (4)理论联系实际,用科学的世界观自觉地指导学生的学习。 四、【教学课时】: 2节 五、【教学过程及主要内容】 第二课百舸争流的思想 一、【教学目标】: 1、知识目标 ◇识记: (1)哲学的基本问题 (2)唯物主义及其表现形式 (3)唯心主义及其表现形式 ◇理解: (1)解释哲学的基本问题 (2)正确认识唯物主义的三种基本形态 (3)区分主观唯心主义和客观唯心主义 ◇分析: (1)援引经典作家的言论,说明对世界的不同看法形成不同的哲学 (2)从古今中外著名思想家的著作、论断来分析唯物主义与唯心主义、辩证法与形而上学的斗争 (3)从现实生活中的具体事例来判断唯物主义和唯心主义 2、能力目标: (1)提高明辨是非的能力 (2)比较、分析的能力 (3)抽象思维能力 3、态度、价值观目标 本课学习,了解哲学发展的历史,明确哲学与我们的生活息息相关,要求我们在实际工作、生活、学习中自觉坚持唯物主义,反对唯心主义 二、【重点、难点】: 1、哲学的基本问题 2、唯物主义和唯心主义的根本分歧 三、【教学方法】: (1)列举古代思想家的著名言论,进行分析、判断。 (2)从日常生活中人们的具体做法来区分唯物主义和唯心主义。

高中化学--必修一第四章知识点总结(详细)

与碱溶液反应Cl2 + 2NaOH = NaCl + NaClO + H2O 2Cl2 + 2Ca(OH)2 = CaCl2 + Ca(ClO)2 + 2H2O 与盐溶液反应Cl2 + Na2SO3 + H2O = 2HCl + Na2SO4Cl2 + 2KI = I2 + 2KCl 实验室制取原理MnO2 + 4HCl(浓) △MnCl2 + Cl2↑+2H2O 2KMnO4 + 16HCl = 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2↑+ 8H2O NaCl O + 2HCl = NaCl + Cl2↑+ H2O ( 离子方程式: Cl O-+ 2H+ + Cl- = Cl2↑+ H2O ) 2.新制氯水成分分子:H2OHClO Cl2 离子:H+Cl-ClO-OH- 久置氯水成分分子:H2O离子:H+Cl-OH- 3.实验室如何制取纯净的氯气制取原理:MnO2 + 4HCl(浓) △MnCl2+ Cl2↑+2H2O 气体成分:Cl2(HCl、H2O)操作顺序仪器中盛装的药品各试剂的作用应出现的现象 ①先通入饱和食盐水除去HC l有晶体析出(NaCl) ②再通入浓H2SO4除去H2O 4.漂白粉 ①制法:2Cl2+ 2Ca(OH)2= CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2O ②有效成分:Ca(ClO)2 成分:CaCl2和Ca(ClO)2 ③漂白原理:Ca(ClO)2 +CO2 +H2O = CaCO3↓+ 2HClO(在溶液中) 漂白慢Ca(ClO)2 + 2HCl=CaCl2 + 2HClO漂白快 ④久置失效发生的反应:Ca(ClO)2+CO2 + H2O =CaCO3+2HClO2HClO 错误!2HCl+O2↑ 5.Br2、I2在不同溶剂中的颜色 水苯或汽油四氯化碳 Br2黄~橙橙~橙红橙~橙红 I2深黄~褐淡紫~紫红紫~深紫 6.置换反应Cl2 +2NaBr = Br2+ 2NaCl Br2 +2KI=I2+2KBr∴氧化性Cl2>Br2 >I2 7.I2遇淀粉溶液后,溶液呈蓝色 I-错误!I2 三.氮 1.氮的氧化物 NO: 无色气体、有毒(同CO)、难溶与水2NO+O2 = 2NO2 NO2:红棕色气体、有毒、与水反应3NO2 +2H2O= 2HNO3 +NO 2.有关NO与O2或NO2与O2混合通入水中,液面上升一定高度时用的方程式 4NO2 + O2+2H2O= 4HNO34NO+3O2 +2H2O = 4HNO3 3.硝酸 物理性质无色液体、有刺激性气味、能以任意比溶于水 化学性质 酸的通性 强 氧 化 性 与金属氧化物3FeO + 10HNO3 = 3Fe(NO3)3 + NO↑+ 5H2O 与金属 3Cu + 8HNO3(稀) = 3Cu(NO3)2 +2NO↑+ 4H2O Cu + 4HNO3(浓) = Cu(NO3)2 +2NO2↑+ 2H2O 与非金属 C + 4HNO3(浓) △CO2↑+ 4NO2↑+ 2H2O 不稳定性4HNO3 光照 或加热 4NO2↑+ O2↑+ H2O 4.氨( NH3) 物理性质无色气体、有刺激性气味、密度小于空气、1:700溶于水 化学与H2O NH3 + H2O NH3·H2O NH4++ OH-与酸NH3 + HCl = NH4Cl

必修四英语单词词汇练习及答案Unit1

Unit1 1.I'm not going to a______争论,辩论with you tonight. 2.We a______争论,辩论the matter over for hours. 3.B___________举动,表现yourself before the guests. 4.The young lady b________ 举动,表现courageously in the face of danger. 5.I met Tom by c__________碰巧yesterday. 6.Mike is in charge of her election c____________ 活动,运动. 7.The union leaders are c_______________参加运动for better working conditions. 8.We'll c______ on继续,坚持our discussion tomorrow. 9.I c______ across遇见,碰见my collage roommate yesterday 10.They disappeared into the c_________人群. 11.Passengers c_________ 挤满the platform. 12.She tried to sleep, but thoughts_________ in涌上心头and images flashed into her mind. 13.He d__________递送,发表an important report at the meeting. She d__________生twins in the evening.

高一必修四重点难点情态动词havedone

精心整理 情态动词+have+done 情态动词+have+done在高考中所占分值为2分左右,常以单选或语篇填空、改错题的 方式出现。其用法总结归纳如下: 一、“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”,该 结构只用于肯定句。 1.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨晚一定下雨了,因为地面还是 湿的。 吗?” 吗? 已经” — — — 多给你一些帮助,即使他很忙。 2.Shemighthaveachievedgreaterprogress,ifyouhadgivenhermorechances.如 果你多给她点机会,她可能已经取得更大的成绩。 七、“would+have+done”虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是“本来会做”。 1.Iwouldhavetoldyouallabouttheboy'sstory,butyoudidn'taskme.我本来会告诉 你这个小男孩的故事,但是你没有问我。 2.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldn'thaveachievedsomuch.没有你的帮助,我是不会取 得如此大的成绩。 八、“should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事,而实际没做。”“shouldn' t+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事,而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。

1.Tom,youaretoolazy.Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.汤姆,你太 懒惰了,这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。 2.Look,Tomiscrying.Ishouldn'thavebeensoharshonhim.看,汤姆哭了,我本来 不应该对他如此严厉。 九、“oughtto+have+done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做,译成“理应做……”, 往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。 IoughttohavegonehomelastSunday.我理应上星期日回家。 Yououghtnottohavegivenhimmorehelp.你不应该帮助他那么多。 十、“need+have+done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“needn't+have+done” 则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。 Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.我本来没有必要买这么 表示过去没有必要做某事,但实际上做了某事。 Asyouworkedlateyesterday,you_________havecomethismorning.????? (06’陕西卷) A.mayn’t????????? B.can’t???????? C.mustn’t??????? D.needn’t [解析]Heneedn'thavecome,表示“他本没有必要来(实际却来了)”,根据句意,答案应选[D]。

第四章 EXCEL知识点总结

第四章EXCEL 1、Excel主要功能:①简单方便的表格制作功能;②强大的图形、图表功能;③快捷的数据处理和数据分析功能;④列表 功能。 2、每个工作表都是存入某类数据的表格或者数据图形。 3、256列:A,B,···,Z,AA,AB,···,BA,BB,···,IV;65536行:1~65536。 4、关闭工作簿:①工作簿处于最大化:菜单栏最右端“关闭”。。②处于非最大化,标题栏最右端的“关闭”。 5、一个工作簿包含多个工作表,根据需要可以对工作表进行添加、删除、复制、切换和重命名等操作。 6、隐藏和取消隐藏工作表:格式—工作表—隐藏(取消隐藏); 7、隐藏和取消隐藏工作簿:窗口—隐藏(取消隐藏)。 8、Excel 2003可以接受的数据类型可以分为文本(或称字符、文字)、数字(值)、日期和时间、公式与函数等。 9、在Excel 2003中,文本可以是字母、汉字、数字、空格和其他字符,也可以是它们的组合。 10、Excel 2003包括四类运算符:算术运算符、比较运算符、文本运算符和引用运算符。 13、创建数据清单遵循的规则: ①一个数据清单最好占用一个工作表。 ②数据清单是一片连续的数据区域,不允许出现空行和空列。 ③每一行包含相同类型的数据。 ④将关键数据置于清单的顶部或底部:避免将关键数据放到数据清单的左右两侧,因为这些数据在筛选数据清单时可 能会被隐藏。 ⑤显示行和列:在修改数据清单之前,要确保隐藏的行和列已经被显示。如果清单中的行和列未被显示,那么数据有 可能会被删除。 ⑥使用带格式的列标:要在清单的第一行中创建列标。Excel 2003将使用列标创建报告并查找和组织数据。对于列标 请使用与清单中数据不同的字体、对齐方式、格式、图案、边框或大小写类型等。在输入列标之前,要将单元格设置为文本格式。 ⑦使清单独立:在工作表的数据清单与其他数据间至少应留出一个空列和一个空行。在执行排序、筛选或自动汇总等 操作时,这将有利于Excel 2003检测和选定数据清单。 ⑧不要在前面或后面输入空格:单元格开头和末尾的多余空格会影响排序与搜索。 14、Excel可以按字母、数字或日期等数据类型进行排序。 15、图表建立后,用户可以对图表的大小、类型或数据系列等进行修改。图表与建立它的工作表数据之间建立了动态 链接关系,工作表中数据改变,图表随之更新;反之亦然。 16、在工作表的数据清单与其他数据间至少应留出一个空列和一个空行,在执行排序、筛选或自动归总等操作时,有 利于Excel 2003检测和选定数据清单。 17、图表建好后,可在数据表中加入一行或一列,然后选定列表,再单击“图表”菜单中的“添加数据”

高中数学必修4重难点

P x y A O M T 高中数学必修4重难点 第一章 三角函数 ?? ??? 正角:按逆时针方向旋转形成的角1、任意角负角:按顺时针方向旋转形成的角零角:不作任何旋转形成的角 2、角α的顶点与原点重合,角的始边与x 轴的非负半轴重合,终边落在第几象限,则称α为第几象限角. 第一象限角的集合为{} 36036090,k k k αα?<,则sin y r α= ,cos x r α=,()tan 0y x x α=≠. 9、三角函数在各象限的符号:第一象限全为正,第二象限正弦为正, 第三象限正切为正,第四象限余弦为正. 10、三角函数线:sin α=MP ,cos α=OM ,tan α=AT . 11、同角三角函数的基本关系: ()221sin cos 1αα+=()2222sin 1cos ,cos 1sin αααα=-=-;

高中英语必修一第四单元重点难点

Unit four Earthquakes 1、In the city, the water pipes in some buildings crached and burst. 城市里,一些大楼里的水管爆裂。 burst爆裂,突发 用法归纳: The square is bursting with tourists. 广场上到处都是游客。 I felt as if my heart would burst with joy. 我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放。 The police burst through the door. 警察破门而入。 There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。 联想扩展: (1) burst in on…突然打断 He burst in on our conversation. 他突然打断了我们的谈话。 (2) burst into +n. 突然… The speaker burst into angry speech. 演讲者突然讲粗话。 (3) burst out + doing突然… The woman burst out crying like a child. 那个妇女突然像小孩一样哭了。 (4) burst to do sth. 迫切想做某事 I am bursting to tell you the news. 我迫不及待的想告诉你这个消息。 2、But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.

地理必修一第四章知识点汇总

第四章地表形态的塑造 第一节营造地表形态的力量 知识点1 内力作用 1.能量来源:来自地球内部,主要是放射性元素衰变产生的热能。 2.表现形式:主要表现为________、岩浆活动和________作用。 3.影响:总的趋势是使地表变得________。 4 知识点2 外力作用 1.概念:地球表面的风、流水、冰川、生物等也可以引起地表形态的变化。2.能量来源:地球外部,主要是________。 3.表现形式 (1)风化作用(2)侵蚀作用(3)搬运作用(4)堆积作用 举例说明: 以下地貌和对应的外力作用分别是: 海蚀柱、海蚀崖:________;冰斗和角峰:________;沙滩:________;新月形沙丘:________;黄土高原地貌:________; 风蚀柱、风蚀蘑菇:________;冲积扇(洪积扇):________;等等。 4.对地表形态的影响:使地表起伏状况趋向于________。 知识点3 岩石圈的物质循环 1.三大类岩石:岩浆岩、________、沉积岩。 2.物质循环过程

(1)岩石圈物质循环的基础物质:A________、B________、C岩浆。 (2)岩石圈物质循环的循环环节:①外力作用、②________、③重熔再生、④________。技巧点拨: (1)关键是判断岩浆和岩浆岩。岩浆岩只能由岩浆直接冷却凝固而成,即只有一个箭头的就是________。 (2)________是岩石转化的“起点”,也是三类岩石的“归宿”,即有三个箭头指向。 (3)各类岩石均可经外力作用形成________;各类岩石均可经变质作用形成________; 三大类岩石都有可能重熔再生成________。 (4)三大类岩石中只有________含有化石和具有层理构造,并且是由外力作用形成的。研习3 岩石圈的物质循环 类型特点利用状况常见岩石 岩浆岩侵入岩矿物结晶颗粒较大花岗岩是坚固、美观的建 筑材料;多种金属矿是工 业生产的原料 花岗岩 喷出岩矿物结晶颗粒小,有 的有流纹或气孔 玄武岩、流纹岩 沉积岩具有层理结构、化石石灰岩是建筑材料和化工 原料,钾盐是化工原料; 煤、石油是当前世界最重 要的能源 石灰岩、砾岩、 砂岩、页岩 变质岩有片理构造大理岩是建筑材料;铁矿 石是钢铁工业的重要原料 大理岩、板岩、 石英岩、片麻岩 第二节山地的形成 知识点1 褶皱山、断块山与火山 1.褶皱山(例如:喜马拉雅山、阿尔卑斯山、安第斯山等)

高一英语人教版必修四第四单元语法训练试题+答案

一、对比练习: Book4 Unit4 Body language v –ing 形式做定语和状语训练题 1. He stood there ___ _for his mother . 2. __ for two hours , he went away.(wait) 3. __ to the left , you'll find the post office . 4. If you ________ to the left , you'll find the post office . 5. __ to the left , and you'll find the post office .(turn) 6. __ from space , the earth looks blue . 7. _ _from space , we can see the earth is blue .(see) 8. The dirty clothes ____ , the girl hung them up outside . 9. __ the dirty clothes ,the girl hung them up outside .(wash) 10 The building ____ now will be a restaurant . 11. The building ___ next year will be a restaurant . 12. The building ___ last year is a restaurant.(built) 13. In the ____ week we'll have another exam. 14. In the week __ _______ ,we'll have another exam.(come) 15. Most of us went to see her, __ _____ some girls. 16. Most of us went to see her, some girls __ ______ _.(include) 17. If time ____ , I'll go to see my friends tomorrow. 18. Time ___ _____ , I'll go to see my friends tomorrow.(permit) 19 ___ his wallet, he became very worried. 20. __ ______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.(lose ) 21. The girl __ ______ in a colorful skirt looks beautiful. 22. The mother __ her son must be late for the work.(dress) 二、用所给词的正确形式填空。 1 ________ i t with me and I'll see what I can do.(leave) 2. _ by the Comrade Lei Feng, we try our best to do good deeds.(inspire ) 3. I listened to the wind, __ ___ (think) that he would not come tonight. 4 _________ ( eat) nothing since the night before, I felt very hungry. 5. The girl glanced over her shoulder and found herself __ ___ (follow) by a young man in black . 6. More than one hundred workers remained____(trap) in the coal mine, though fifty had been saved. 7. I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do (work)with students. 8. After the guests left, she spent as much time as she could _ ____ (tidy) up the rooms. 9. Keep quiet! I hear someone ____ “ my heart will go on ”. (sing) 10. Please fill in the form, ___ (give) your name, address and telephone number. 11. T he policeman came up to the lonely house with the door (open), __ (stand) there for a while and then entered it. 12. Something as simple as ___ _(eat) vegetables in childhood may help to protect you against serious illness in later life. 13 ______ (influence) by the growing interest in nature, more and more people enjoy outdoor sports . 14. In almost every country, English is a key to ____ (get) ahead.

高中化学必修二重点难点整理(三)

1.已知A为ⅡA族元素,B为ⅢA族元素,它们的原子序数分别为m和n且A、B 为同一周期元素。下列关系式错误的是 (A)n = m + 1 (B)n = m + 11 (C)n = m + 25 (D)n = m + 10 2.右图为周期表中短周期的一部分,若A原子的最外电子层上有5个电子,则下列说法中不正确的是 (A)D的单质可跟B的氢化物的水溶液反应 (B)A的最高价氧化物的水化物比B的最高价氧化物的水化物的酸性强 (C)C的氢化物比B的氢化物稳定 (D)原子半径A>B>C 3.金属钫(Fr)天然存在极微,它的21个已知同位素都具有放射性,它是碱金属元素中最重的元素。根据在周期表中的位置预言其性质,其中不正确的是(A)在已知元素中,它具有最大的原子半径 (B)在空气中燃烧时生成化学式为Fr 2 O的氧化物 (C)氧化物的水化物的化学式为FrOH,它应是极强的碱 (D)其单质常温下跟水反应比钠剧烈 4.A、B都是短周期元素,原子半径:B>A,它们可以形成化合物AB 2 .由此可得出的正确判断是 (A)A、B可能在同一周期(B)A在B的前一周期 (C)A肯定是金属元素(D)A可能在三周期的ⅡA或ⅣA族 5.元素X和元素Y在周期表中位于相邻的两个周期:X与Y两原子核外电子总数之和为19;Y的原子核内质子数比X多3个.下列描述中不正确的是 (A)X与Y形成的化合物的化学式可能为Y 2X 2 (B)X的化合物种类比Y的化合物种类多 (C)Y能置换出酸中的氢,却不能置换出盐溶液中的金属 (D)X和Y都是性质很活泼的元素,在自然界中都只能以化合态形式存在6、下列对于铯(Cs)的性质的预测中,正确的是() A、它只有一种氧化物Cs 2 O B、它与水剧烈反应 C、Cs+具有很强的氧化性 D、CsHCO 3 受热不易分解 7、第119号未知元素,有人称为“类钫”。根据周期表结构及元素性质变化趋势,有关“类钫”的预测的说法错误的是() A、单质有较高的熔点 B、“类钫”在化合物中呈+1价 C、“类钫”具有放射性 D、“类钫”单质的密度大于1g.cm-3 8、关于铷的结构和性质的判断,错误的是() ①与水剧烈反应,浮在水面上②原子半径比钾大③它的氧化物有的能跟二

(完整版)人教版英语必修四unit4知识点以及相应练习(超级好)

Unit 4Body language [写得准] [用得活] [积得多] 1.major adj.主要的 2._cheek n. 面颊 3.approach vt.& vi. 接近;靠近;走近 n. 接近;方法;途径 4.represent vt. 代表;象征 5.function n. 作用;功能;职能 vi. 起作用;运转 6.ease n. 安逸;舒适 vt. 减轻(痛苦、忧虑) 7.facial adj.面部的→face n.脸;面容 8.statement n.陈述;说明→state vt.陈述;说明 9.association n.社团;联系;联想→associate vt.把……联系起来 10.curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n.好奇心 11.defend vt.保护;保卫→defence n.防御;保卫 12.misunderstand vt.误解;误会→misunderstanding n.误解;误会 13.speak v.说话;演讲→spoken adj.口语的→unspoken adj.未说出口的;非口语的 14.truly adv.真实地;真诚地;真正地→true adj.真实的→truth n.真理 15.anger n.怒气;怒火→angry adj.生气的 16.greet vi.& vt.迎接;问候→greeting n.迎接;问候;招呼用所给词的适当形式填空 1.One’s (face) expression may tell you some of his/her inner feelings. 2.The teacher often asks us to make use of every chance we get to improve our (speak) English. 3.Hearing what her children said, the mother burst into (angry). 4.He the other day that the __________ was not made by him.(state) 5.If you somebody, it’s likely to lead to a .(misunderstand) 6.In time of war, lots of money will be spent on _____ and many measures will be taken to a country from being attacked.(defend) 7.The boy looked at the box ______ and then he opened it out of .(curious) 8.To tell you the ,I’m truly grateful for your helping me make my dream come ______.(true) 1.表示“主要的;首要的”的形容词一 览 ①major主要的;重要的 ②main 主要的 ③primary 主要的;首要的 ④principal 主要的;首要的 ⑤chief 首要的 2.常见“人体部位及器官”名词荟萃 ①cheek脸颊 ②forehead 额头 ③chest 胸部 ④shoulder 肩膀 ⑤throat 喉咙 ⑥tongue 舌头 ⑦lung 肺 ⑧liver 肝脏 3.“方法”种种 (1)做某事的方法 ①the approach to doing sth. ②the way to do/of doing sth. ③the means of doing sth. ④the method of doing sth. (2)用这种方法 ①in this way ②by this means ③with this method [写得准] [用得活] 1.defend_..._against 防御;保卫……以免受 2.on_the_contrary 相反地 3.at_ease 舒适;快活;自由自在 4.turn_one’s_back_to 背对;背弃 5.as_well_as_ 和……一样好;而且;也;和 6.be_likely_to 很可能……; 有希望…… 7.in_general 总的来说;通常 8.lose_face 丢脸 9.as_if 好像 10.put_up 举起;升起;搭建;留宿选用左栏短语填空 1.Before the interview, the interviewer wore a bright smile on his face, putting us at_ease. 2.Turning_his_back_to_ one of his friends made him lose all his friends. 3.Thinking about the fact that I was not prepared well enough, and not wanting to lose_face,_I gave up the plan. 4.In_general,_the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice.

高中英语必修四Unit1的重要知识点及练习

必修4 Unit1 Women of achievement知识点讲解 1. achieve achieve v. 意为“完成;达到”,指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。其名词形式为achievement,意为“成就;功绩”,a sense of achievement可指“成就感”。如:He had finally achieved success. Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement. 2. condition condition 意为“环境;境况;条件”时,是可数名词,常用复数形式conditions;意为“状态;状况”时,是不可数名词,be in good condition表示“处于良好的状态”,be out of condition表示“健康状况不佳”。如: We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditions. The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness. My car is old but in good condition. He is overweight and out of condition. condition意为“条件”时,常用短语on condition that,表示“如果;在……条件下”;在美国英语中,也经常用under the condition that。如: I will come on condition that Peter is invited. They agreed under the condition that the matter be dealt with quickly. 3. devote devote vt. 意为“投入于;献身”,其宾语后常与介词to搭配,to后接名词、代词或动名词。devote … to … 意为“献身;致力于”,指把自己、时间、精力等奉献给某种工作或事业。如:He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind. The girl, to whom he was devoted, died in a traffic accident by chance. After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening. 4. behave behave vi & vt. 意为“举动;举止;行为表现”,如behave well / badly等。其名词形式为behaviour,指“行为;态度;举止”。如: The parents encouraged the children to behave well in front of the guests. My camera has been behaving well since it was repaired. Everyone praises the children's good behaviour. 5. worthwhile worthwhile adj.意为“值得做的;值得出力的”,可作表语或定语。be worthwhile to do / doing sth表示“值得做……”,在动词-ing形式的结构中,worthwhile有时可以用来替代worth,特别是在表示“值得花时间”这一概念时。如: I think teaching school is always a worthwhile job. The book referred to by the professor is worthwhile / worth reading 区别worthwhile与worth,worthy的用法: worthwhile意为“值得”,指花时间、精力、金钱等去做某事是值得的。如: It is worthwhile to read the book.=It is worthwhile reading the book.=Reading the book is worthwhile.这本书值得一读。但不可以说The book is worthwhile reading. worth表示“价值……”时,后接价值数量词;当表示“值得”时,后接名词、代词或动名词(不能接不定式),常用well修饰,不用very。 This laptop is worth 10 000 yuan and it is well worth buying.这台笔记本电脑值10 000元,很

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