大学体验英语综合教程4 PassgeA 课后翻译与作文习题答案

Unit 1

1.随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了。(take on)

With his promotion, he has taken on greater responsibilities.

2.他感到他再没有必要对约翰承担这样的责任。（make a commitment）

He felt he did not have to make such a commitment to John any more.

3.闲暇时玛丽喜欢外出购物，与她相反，露茜却喜欢呆在家里看书。(as opposed to) Mary likes to go shopping in her spare time, as opposed to Lucy, who prefers to stay at home reading.

4.充其量可以说他有抱负，用最糟糕的话来说，他是一个没有良心(conscience)或没有资格

的权力追求者。（at best, at worst）

At best he's ambitious, at worst a power-seeker without conscience or qualifications.

5.我们已尽全力说服他，但是却毫无进展。（strive，make no headway）

We have striven to the full to convince him, but we have made no headway.

11.Write a short passage of 120 words or so on the topic "Men are different from women in many ways."

Men Are Different from Women in Many Ways

Traditionally, men and women were seen as opposite poles of a magnet. Men were strong, women were weak; men were the breadwinners, women were the homemakers; men were rational, women were emotional. In accordance with these beliefs, the men filled the leadership positions in society, as well as the majority of positions that required courage, clear-thinking and intellect. Women took on the nurturing, caring or supportive jobs such as nurse, teacher, assistant. However, modern society has greatly challenged these perceived differences between men and women.

These days gender roles are becoming less clear. Women are moving into the male-dominated occupations and proving that they can be equally successful in these fields. Moreover, some men are taking on the homemaker role and finding that it suits them. In some

cultures, for example the Naxi culture of southwestern China, the women have always been the head of the household and responsible for both work and finance.

So, are men and women really all that different? From the changing perspectives towards this question, it would seem that socialization plays a large role in defining masculinity and femininity in any given time period and in any given culture. In other words, perhaps men and women are not that different after all.

Unit 2

1.要是他适合当校长，那么哪个学生都可以当。（no more...than）

He is no more fit to be a headmaster than any schoolboy would be.

2.至于她的父亲，她不敢肯定是否会接收她和他的小孩。(as for)

As for her father, she is not sure whether he will accept her and her baby.

3.晚睡会损害健康而早睡早起有益于健康。(undermine)

Staying up late will undermine one's health while going to bed early and getting up early will benefit it.

4.大使亲自向总理转达了总统的问候。(convey)

The ambassador personally conveyed the president's message to the premier.

5.这个女孩决定敞开心扉，把她看见的一切都告诉警方。(open up)

The girl decided to open up and tell the police what she had seen.

11.Directions: Write a short passage of 120 words or so on the topic: "Importance of Culture in Business”.

Importance of Culture in Business

Culture plays an important role in business. In different cultures there are different ideas about when meetings should be scheduled, how much notice should be given, Where people should be seated and how the negotiations should be proceed. During the negotiations there are also vast cultural differences in what is considered appropriate language, communication style and body language. For example, some culture value eye contact, others do not. Some cultures use 'yes' as an acknowledgement of what the person has said, other use 'yes' only for agreement.

Social conventions of greeting, dressing, eating and entertaining also vary considerably amongst cultures and these are important to learn since a lot of business takes place while having dinner or enjoying drinks together.

If a businessman attempts a cross-cultural business partnership without an adequate awareness of his associate's culture, he is likely to encounter misunderstanding and may even cause offence. This will damage and may even end the business relationship. Therefore, cultural differences must be carefully handled when doing business with people from different countries.

Unit 3

1.他理个发就要收500元，简直不可思议。（charge）

It is simply unbelievable for him to charge 500 dollars for a haircut.

2.人民赋予你特权，你就应该全心全意为人民服务。（grant）

People grant you the privilege, so you should serve the people wholeheartedly.

3.天气预报很重要，依据它我们才能决定什么时候出航。（so that）

The weather forecast is very important so that we can decide when to go to sea.

4.炮声打破了往常周日早晨的宁静，人们强烈预感到战争就要来临。(violate)

The sound of guns violated the usual calm of Sunday morning, and people had a strong feeling that the war was coming.

5.即使你每分钟看3页，到本周末你无论如何也看不完这本书。（even though）

Even though you read three pages per minute, you will by no means finish the book by the end of this weekend.

11.Write a short passage of 120 words or so on the topic "Fighting Against Piracy”.

Before writing, consider the following questions:

What problems do we face with piracy?

What are the consequences of piracy?

What should we do about piracy?

You may begin your writing with a sentence like this: " The problem of piracy has become increasingly serious. … ” Or you can also wri te your own beginning sentence.

Fighting Against Piracy

Nowadays the problem of piracy has become increasingly serious. Not only is there a serious lack of knowledge amongst the general public about piracy issues, but there is also an attitude of indifference.

These days piracy is strongly evident in the commercial world in the wide availability of illegal VCDs and DVDs , the inclusion of Copyrighted pictures, web graphics, video clips and magazine portions in business presentations and the photocopying of books and articles for distribution without the author's permission.

The negative consequences of piracy are two-fold. Firstly, the Copyright owners are likely to suffer significant financial losses. Secondly, the Copyright owner loses recognition, if the source of the material is unacknowledged.

Therefore it is important for all citizens to become educated about piracy issues, to follow copyright laws in their own lives, and to encourage their colleagues and friends to do the same.

Unit4

1. 我爷爷虽然70岁了，但他的爱好广泛，从下国际象棋到爬山，多种多样。(range from ... to )

My grandfather's interests range from playing chess to climbing mountains although he is 70 years.

2. 真奇怪，汤姆的奶奶都80岁了还玩玩具娃娃。(surprisingly)

Surprisingly, Tom's grandmother plays with dolls at the age of 80.

3. 他大功无私的精神和天赋使他适合担当大多数学生梦想得到的那项工作。(qualify for) His selflessness and talent qualify him for the job most students dream to get.

4. 你如何解释他的那个怪梦？

What interpretation would you put on his odd /strange dream?

6.我们老板刚买的新轿车一小时能行驶200公里。(be capable of)

The brand-new car our boss has just bought is capable of making 200 kilometers an hour.

11.Write a short passage of 120 words or so on the topic "The Importance of Learning Spoken English.”.

The Importance of Learning Spoken English

In today's modern world, learning spoken English has many advantages. English is fast becoming the international language of many fields, including politics, business and education. Not only is English used between native speakers and non-native speakers, but it is also used increasingly as a common language in interactions between non-native speakers. Having a good grasp of spoken English helps you to improve your chances of employment. These days, there are many foreign companies operating from China, and many

Chinese-owned companies have trade links with foreign partners. These companies require speakers of English with sufficient language skills to ensure smooth business transactions. Spoken English also provides the chances for you to communicate socially with people from many other countries. It gives you a window into other cultures, and other perspectives of the world. It also gives you access to foreign films, TV programs, music and news.

Therefore, spoken English is an important and fundamental tool in today's global village. Unit5

1.他们登上的飞机起飞后立刻就消失了。（soar，out of sight）

The airplane they boarded soared out of sight as soon as it took off.

2.在会上,保守派反对提出的改革建议(in opposition to)

At the meeting, the two sides had a very hot debate. The reformers put forward many reforming measures, but conservatives were in opposition to the proposed changes.

3.从长远看,我们必须学习更多的科技知识，除了我们的专业课程之外，懂得计算机、英

语和驾驶是我们工作中必不可少的。(in a long run)

In the long run, we should learn more about science and technology. Besides the major subject, the knowledge of computers, English and driving is necessary in our work.

4.为练成完美的体型,她每周做四次健身操。(in quest)

She does gymnastic exercises four times a week in quest to achieve the perfect body.

5.每天早晨，一些老人在公园里一边锻炼身体一边聊天。(at the same time)

Every the morning in the park some old people are doing physical exercises there, chatting with each other.

11. Directions: Write a composition to illustrate the importance of business ethics. Your writing may be based on the following outlines in Chinese.

1．商业道德需要诚信和信息公开。

2．关键是建立一种管理机制。

3．建立良好的商业道德已是当务之急。

4．要处理好商业利润与商业道德之间的矛盾。

Business Ethics

Creating and sustaining an ethical corporation isn't as difficult as you might think; it's actually easier than some of the day-to-day business challenges you face. The keys to running an ethical company are accountability, honesty, and information transparency.

Corporations aren't ethical or evil in and of themselves--but people can be. So ethics must focus on you and the people you work with. Most people want to do the right thing, but organizational structure does not guarantee they will do the right thing, without meaning to or even knowing it. Structuring an ethical corporation makes the goal easier to achieve.

The challenge could not be more urgent. A substantial majority of people in China are dissatisfied with the social behavior of our corporations, say several recent news reports. Poor treatment of workers at home and abroad, products that don't perform as advertised, fake commodities, poor customer service, environmental pollution, to mention a few.

Responsible behavior is important to your business success, but let's not forget that

you're in business--you're not out to solve the world's problems. So how do you balance the two? What does it mean to be ethical in business?

It simply requires that you follow your best moral instincts, even in areas that don't appear to involve moral issues, such as cost-benefit analyses. But while good ethics often equates to good business, sometimes it doesn't. Sometimes being truly ethical means giving up something you want in exchange for doing the right thing. That's why we worry about ethics in the first place--if it didn't cost us anything, everyone would be ethical all the time. Unit6

1.她将她的少年时代描绘成一个幻想和发现的时期。(portray … as)

She portrayed her childhood as a time of wonder and discovery.

2.试验表明，不抽烟的人比抽烟的人在工作中犯的错误要少。(fewer … than) Experiments showed that non-smokers committed fewer errors than smokers.

3.球迷经常受到人们的重视，不是因为他们自身的成功，二十因为他们支持的球队获得了

胜利。(not … but)

Football fans are often highly regarded not for their own achievement, but through their connection to a team that wins.

4.尽管演技高超，这部长达3个小时的电影还是未能抓住我们的注意力。(despite) Despite the wonderful acting, the three-hour movie could not hold our attention.

5.王教授是我唯一指望能救我儿子的大夫。(rely on)

Professor Wang is the only doctor I can rely on to save my son.

11.Directions: Write a paragraph (around 120 words) telling about SPORTS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH. You may begin your writing with the sentence: "Sports do much good to our health. Especially they can be of great value to our psychological health.” You can also write your own beginning sentence.

SPORTS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH.

Sports do much good to our health. Especially they can be of great value to our psychological health. People who are involved in athletics feel more self-sufficient and confident in their abilities. They feel they are in control of their own actions. Sports offer people an opportunity to experience themselves as more competent, more self-reliant and more able to achieve their goals. Sports demand not only physical skill and strength but also courage, enthusiasm, discipline and usually team work. For people, what is learned in the playground often has a deep effect on their character. If each of them learns to work for his team and not for himself on the football field, he will find it natural to work for the good of his country instead of only for his own benefit.

Unit7

1.虽然他说他为此事做了很多努力，但他的成功至少部分是由于他运气好。(in part）Although he said he had done a lot for the case, his success was at least in part due to luck.

2.将要讨论的议题非常关键，因为它将决定很多人的未来。(issue)

The issue to be discussed is critical, because it will determine the future of many people.

3.我将尽量避免将我的观点强加于别人。(impose … on)

I’ll try my best to avoid imposing my ideas on others.

4.在那种情况下，很少有人能够正视自己性格上的缺点。(rarely, face up to)

Rarely can people face up to the defects in their own characters in such a situation.

5.大学生活被称为人的一生中最美丽的阶段。(refer to… as)

College life is referred to as the most beautiful period of one’s life.

9.Directions: Write a short passage of 120 words or so on the topic "Life after Retirement" telling about the retirement life of a relative or someone you know quite well. You may begin your writing with the sentence: "The moment means the beginning of a new life for …". You can also write your own beginning sentence.

You may begin your writing with the sentence: "The moment mean the beginning of a new life for …". Y ou can also write your own beginning sentence.

Life after Retirement

The moment of retirement will mean the beginning of a new life for Old Jack. From the age of 16 to 60, he kept working very hard. Work and study, family and society were what he focused on. Now, in retirement, he wants to have a life of his own. The first thing he wants to do is to travel around the world, to visit the African wildlife, to appreciate the glorious Western and Oriental culture and to go to every corner of the world he has ever dreamed of. Then, he will find a beautiful quiet place, and write. He will write about his own world. Maybe, he will not publish it, and he will simply write for fun. Of course, family life will remain important for him. Every week, when his family gathers together, they will share their happiness and solve their problems together. Life after retirement means much more time for him, and he will enjoy every minute of it.

Unit8

1.无论我们遇到什么样的困难，我们都应该想办法克服它。(overcome)

No matter what difficulties we come across, we should try our best to overcome them.

2.尊老爱幼是中华民族传统的美德。(traditional)

Respecting the old and caring for the young is a traditional Chinese virtue.

3. 今天，各行各业的人都在努力提高自己的知识水平以便跟上时代的发展。(all walks of life) Today, people from all walks of life are trying to acquire more knowledge to keep pace with the development of our times.

4. 孩子们特别喜欢卡通片。(have a fancy for; take a fancy to)

Children take a fancy to cartoons.

5. 考虑到他们缺乏经验，这工作他们做得不错。(given that)

Given that they are lacking in experience/inexperienced/green hand, they have done a good job.

11. Directions: Write a short essay (around 120 words) expressing your idea about globalization. There should be three short paragraphs altogether. The topic sentence of each paragraph is given as follows:

1) In the process of globalization, many foreign things have entered into our life and have changed our life and they have made the world become smaller and smaller...

2) There are different ideas about the globalization…

3) In my opinion...

On Globalization

In the process of globalization, many foreign things have entered into our lives and have changed our lives. This has made the world become smaller and smaller. For example, we can watch foreign movies, enjoy foreign food, wear fashionable foreign clothes, and even use high-tech products imported from advanced countries. Some people even celebrate the foreign festivals and adopt foreign lifestyle or foreign ideas in order to be a global citizen. Whenever you go, you may find things that are familiar to you in your hometown or homeland. Many parts of the world are watching the same film, and the same song is popular at the same time all over the world. Even the style of architecture has become identical, especially in cosmopolitan cites, you may find some similar features in their city buildings.

There are different ideas about globalization. Those who are in favor of globalization take a positive and optimistic attitude towards it. What they value most is the good effects of the globalization and the various benefits it brings about. However, there are also some people who strongly dislike the idea and the practice of globalization. They place more emphasis on the bad or evil effects of globalization.

In my opinion, every coin has two sides. We should take a realistic attitude towards globalization. On the one hand, globalization of the economy and to some extent, the globalization of culture may bring some advantages. It may promote the development of less developed areas, improve some people's living standard and enrich their local culture, and also give people more chances to know about others which are quite different from their own. On the other hand, globalization may bring about some disadvantages or negative effects. For example, the world will lose its cultural diversity because of the invasion and prevailing of one culture, and some cultures will lose its cultural identities and peculiar characteristics. Thus, it's appropriate for us to take a balanced attitude towards globalization.

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