2011年9月中级口译考试真题答案解析

Spot dictation

In America there are no nobles or men of letters, and the common folk mistrust the wealthy; Consequently lawyers form the highest political class and the most cultivated circle of society. They have therefore nothing to gain by innovation, which adds a conservative interest to their natural taste for public order. If I were asked where I place the American aristocracy, I should reply without hesitation that it is not composed of the rich, who are united together by no common tie, but that it occupies the judicial bench and the bar.

When I started researching this topic, I found an interesting website “Legal Reform Now”. As the name suggests, this website is devoted to legal reform and it is definitely concerned about the dominance of lawyers in American government. There I read an article by a political science professor from the university of Wisconsin. One observation the UW article confirms is that the legal profession is the dominant profession of the people re-elect to public office. For example, about half our representatives and two-thirds of our senators are lawyers. No other profession comes close to having the same the number of people in political office. Effectively, lawyers form our nation’s most powerful organized political constituency in America. Lawyers make our laws and lawyers interpret our laws. When judges are appointed, the American bar association is the only professional organization that is consulted to rate the fitness of potential judicial appointees. Our nation has been in existence for over 200 years and lawyers have been this nation’s aristocracy since its formation. Our system works, but do we really want to have a single profession

in charge of our nation? Specifical y, do we want to have the legal profession in charge? Next time you vote, that’s something to think about.

评析：这篇文章是关于律师在美国的地位。律师组成了美国最高政治阶层，以及

社会最具有教养的圈子。紧接着作者提到了律师在美国政府中占据统治地位，且

自建国以来一直如此。因此律师就成了美国的“贵族”。最后作者提出问题“我们

真的想让律师这个职业来管理我们的国家吗？”，呼吁选民在下次的选举投票中三思。

这篇听力材料政治色彩强，材料中的部分单词可能会给考生带来听辨和拼写的难度。难度较大。

cultivated adj 有教养的

innovation n.创新

conservative adj. 保守的

be composed of 由…组成

bench the bar 法官和律师

dominance n 统治地位

representatives n.众议员

senator n 参议员

aristocracy n 贵族

Statements:

1. At the annual general meeting, the board chairman of the company outlined the development strategy for the next 5 years.

2. You needn’t notify the maintenance office about the fixing of the faucet in the washroom. I can get Tom to take care of it. He is real y handy.

3. Although the accountant promised to help by al he could, the auditor cal ed into question the accuracy of the figures in the books.

4. We have careful y checked your qualifications and decided that we need someone with more office experience. We are sorry for the inconvenience.

5. The sales of Vitamin E, helped by the testimony of health food expert, and a number of leading medical authorities, have doubled in the past 5 years.

6. An average American male is expected to live 75.4 years, while the life expectancy of a female can be 80.4 years.

7. For many people in large cities, the reasons against owning a private car outweigh the reasons for owning one. Therefore, the answer is negative.

8. To believe that our company can be little affected or even immune to the current economic crisis is to ignore the most basic principles of trade and commerce.

9. At col ege, Betty receives a monthly al owance of $650 from home. She also

earns $350 a month in her part-time job. And she spends about 80% of her income for daily expenses.

10. Some businesses, organizations and government agencies provide employees with the opportunities to progress to higher positions with higher salaries. The higher position an individual occupies, the more responsibilities it

brings.

Statements

1. 公司董事会主席制定5 年计划。句子短，难度也小

2. 注意needn't，与下句I will find... 相呼应，Handy 。难度小

3. 注意although 的转折意思。短语call into question 表示对...怀疑。难度适中。

4. 拒绝职位申请的通俗表达，没有生僻词。难度小

5. 关于维生素E 的销售话题。因为主句间有插入成分，所以难度稍大。主句表达了销量增加的情况，而插入句交待了销量增加的原因。难度适中

6. 讲美国男女平均寿命长度，重点在数字。难度小

7. 讲大城市，人们对私家车的态度比较。注意outweigh。难度小

8. 有关金融危机的话题。关键句型to believe... is to ignore...。immune 对...免疫，也就是表示完全不受金融危机影响。

9. 必考的计算题，关键在数字的听写和加减法。难度小。

10. 关于晋升的话题。“能力越强，职位越高，薪水越多，责任越大”

Talks and Conversations 1：

WOMAN: Good morning. Mr. Papworth Smith’s surgery.

MAN: Hello, this is William Brown speaking.

WOMAN: Yes, what can I do for you?

MAN: I had an appointment with Mr. Papworth Smith at 10 o’clock this morning, the name is William Brown, and the registration number is 12.

WOMAN: Wel , I have found your case history and the registration. You have a broken tooth that needs to be taken care of, right?

MAN: Yes, but I’m sorry, my car broke down on the way, and the guy in the garage said it wouldn’t be ready until about two in the afternoon, and there is no way I can find a taxi or a lift. I am calling from the garage.

WOMAN: You mean you couldn’t keep the appointment?

MAN: I’m afraid not. Can I still see Mr. Smith some other time?

WOMAN: Of course, but you need to make another appointment.

MAN: When? I hope it is today or tomorrow. That broken tooth of mine is real y killing me; I can’t eat or sleep properly.

WOMAN: I see, wel , what about tomorrow at nine.

MAN: Oh, that’s fine, thank you very much.

11. Why was the man telephoning?

12. What is Mr. Papworth Smith?

13. At what time was the man’s appointment that day?

14. Which of the fol owing is true about the man?

评析：这是个关于和医生与时间会诊的通话。病人打电话说因为车坏了不能按原

定好的时间（10 o’clock this morning）履约，但是病人牙痛确实厉害，想和医生另约时间。最后双方约定时间（tomorrow at nine）。整片材料内容较简单，考生需要熟悉电话交际语的特点，并做好相关信息的笔录。

Talks and Conversations 2

According to the United Nations, a tourist is someone who travels at least 50 miles or 80 kilometers for recreation. In the United States, people love to take trips. They spend more on vacation than anyone else in the world. Many of them take package tours; however, the first vacation package was attributed to

an Englishman, names Thomas Cook. In 1841, he took 500 travelers to a nearby town. The price of the tour included a train ticket and a meal along the way. In 1845, Thomas Cook sold the first vacation package tour to Europe. And 1866, his company was organizing trips to the U.S. Today, tourism is a big

business. And the tourist industry is crucial to many countries’ economy. It is estimated that 80% of jobs in the world, that’s more than 200 million people depend on tourism. Some local governments, like the British Virgin Islands in the Caribbean, are almost total y depended on visitors. About 95% of the islands income comes from tourism. For other places in the world, tourism is ever growing. It is estimated that by the year 2015, people worldwide wil

spend some five thousand billion U.S. dol ars for vacation abroad. Regions in Asia, the Pacific, the Middle East, and Africa wil see the greatest growth.

Q15 What is a package tour?

Q16 According to the talk, who first introduced the package tour?

Q17 Which of the fol owing is true about the British Virgin Islands?

Q18 How much wil be spent by people worldwide on vacation in abroad by the year 2015?

本文是说明文，介绍了跟“旅游”相关的诸多内容。涉及到旅游的定义，旅游的发

展历史；旅游产业现在的情况以及对2015 年旅游业发展的推测。文章本身没有

特别生僻的词，但其中涉及到的人名（Thomas Cook）、年份、金额、比例等

等是笔记的难点也是考点。

Talks and Conversations 3

W：When are you going to finish that book on American history？

M：Oh, I should get through it sometime this weekend, I guess. Anyway, it was only a week since I borrowed that book from you.

W：Well, if you finish it tonight, I can take it back to the library tomorrow on my

way home from work.

M：What’s the hurry? Don’t you have anything else to read?

W：I won’t have anything if I don’t get to the library tomorrow.

M：You read too much.

W：I’d rather read than watch television. The TV programs seem to be getting worse al the time.

M：Wel , I don’t think I can read that fast, but I do enjoy reading, especial y novels and biographies or the like.

W：What do you think about joining a book club? If we join one, we can keep up with al the latest best-sel ers.

M：That’s sort of expensive, isn’t it？

W：It isn’t any more expensive than going to a movie, the way admission prices have gone up, and the new movies don’t seem to be much better than TV.

M：How does the book club work?

W：With the Internet, it’s much easier and faster than it used to be. Once you have gone through the registration online, a catalogue of books will be sent to you every month. And you can choose as many books from it as you want.

M：What do you do if you don’t like any of the books?

W：You have to take four each year. That’s al .

M：What happens if you decide you don’t want a book that they do send you? W：You can return it.

M：And what about the prices?

W：The books are cheaper than they are in bookstores even with the mailing costs added in.

M：Wel , go ahead. Join the book club if you want to.

Q19. What has the man been reading recently?

Q20. Which of the fol owing is true about the woman?

Q21. What does the woman recommend the man to do?

Q22. What does the man suppose to do if he has registered online?

评析：这是篇关于读书和加入读书俱乐部的材料。材料中女生喜欢看书胜过看电视，并提议男生和她一起加入读书俱乐部，这样可以读到最新的书，同时也可以

省一笔开支。整体来看难度不大。

Talks and conversations 4

Do you want to improve the first impression you make? Do you want people to consider you as capable as a man working in the same field? As a woman, you

have to pay more attention to the impression you’re making, because you have to overcome the initial stereotype that pops up in the other person’s mind “oh, it’s a woman.”

Here are a few tips: If you are entering a room with others, try to walk in first. This makes a powerful impression on the people already in the room. If you are on your own, walking into a room full of people, stand to the side and quickly survey the room to plan where you’l go. Suppose then, you see a group of higher-ups, you’d better take this opportunity to walk over and ask them a question related to business. If that is something out of your comfort zone, you can approach the group and stand a little outside of their circle and

smile. Wait for a low in the conversation, and I bet someone wil say hello. Then, you need to know about the handshake, as a woman, you can’t get away with the advice given to man for a powerful handshake. That’s the one where he puts his hand out, palm down and dominates the shake. My advice is for you to be the first one to put your hand out, thumb facing up. It’s important to be the first, because that’s powerful, but more importantly, because men often don’t know if you wil be OK with a handshake. Let him know you are, also, face him directly, not at an angle, which looks tentative and unsure. Grip his hand firmly and ful y, not any of these fingertips stuff, smile, look in his eyes, and say something.

23. What is the initial stereotype mentioned in the talk?

24. According to the speaker’s advice, what should a woman do if she is entering a meeting room with other people?

25. What’s a woman advised to do if she meets with a group of high-ranking individuals in a room?

26. What should be avoided in a handshake according to the speaker?

这篇文章主要是关于女性在职场上如何能够给人留下较好的初印象，从而改变传统意义上女不如男的偏见。文章条理清晰，分不同情景，给出建议。分别是，1. 与其他人一起进入房间；2. 一个人进入房间；3. 有权贵人士在场；4. 握手时注意事项

Talks and Conversations 5

W: Recently I read a report about the higher education in Britain. It says that only about 10% of our students leave university without getting a degree.

M: That may be true. For me, I am not worried about failing but I am very anxious to get a good degree. My aim is to get a first-class honors degree in

chemistry at Cambridge since I have a plan to take up a scientific post in industry. My criterion for choosing a good university is whether it has progressive ideas on education as wel as its broader and more varied courses.

M: It wouldn’t work. There will be too many different opinions. Some professors and lecturers are more interested in their own research than in helping students in their studies.

W: Wel , there must be some brilliant scholars in the university such as yours. M: Yes, I still go to classes as wel as to lectures, but the most important person in my academic life is my tutor who in Cambridge is cal ed a supervisor.

I enjoy my weekly tutorials. My supervisor is an approachable man and he is always ready to talk to me about anything connected with my studies.

W: Haven’t other universities now introduced some form of tutorial supervision like that at Oxford and Cambridge?

M: Yes, in fact, to be honest, there are universities which offer better courses and give better teaching in some subjects than either Oxford or Cambridge. I think that an Oxbridge degree still counts more with some employers than a degree from other universities. But most of them are now more concerned with

the kind of degree than where it comes from.

W: Anyway, at our universities, the personal supervision and friendly relations with the teaching staff are especial y good. The lecturer-student ratio is quite reasonable.

M: I am not so sure. But at least we are not over-crowded. I’ve heard that in some foreign universities lecture hal s are packed so ful that students have no where to sit.

Q 27 What are the man and the woman in the conversation?

Q 28 What’s the woman’s criterion for choosing a good university?

Q 29 Who is the most important person in the man’s academic life?

Q 30 Why is the man complaining about some foreign universities?

评析：这篇对话是关于英国高等教育。通过对话，女主人公阐述了自己择校的标准（whether it has progressive ideas on education as wel as its broader and more varied courses），男主人公则提到了在自己学术生涯中最为重要的一个人（the most important person in my academic life is my tutor who in Cambridge

is called a supervisor），男女主人公海还交流了自己对牛津，剑桥大学的看法。整体来看，对话取材贴近生活，难度不大。

sentence translation

1. Sydney is a very modern city, but it also has many places of historical interest. In the downtown district, you can still see some old houses that were ever built here.

2. For me, a car is a comfortable way to travel especial y in the winter time, if I took a bus or train, I might have to stand in the rain or in the snow.

3. If you work in the United States, you'd better find out the local sports teams, thus you can participate in the almost inevitable discussions about how our team wil do this year.

4. I have more than 25 years of editing experience, and have edited over 300 publish novels and text books, I think I'm qualified for the post of editing manager.

5. Traditional y, men have had poor diets, less exercise and smoked more than women, these differences in life style and personal habits help explain why more men than women die of heart disease.

1、悉尼是一座非常现代化的城市，但也有许多历史名胜古迹。在市中心，你依然可以看见许多曾经建造在那里的老房子。

2. 对于我来说，小汽车是方便的出行方式，尤其是在冬天。如果我搭公交车或乘火车，我有可能就要在风雪中站着等了。

3. 如果你在美国工作，你最好找到当地的体育队，这样，你就可以参与进那些几乎不可避免的关于今年我们的队伍该如何表现的讨论。

4. 我有超过25 年多的编辑经验，编辑过300 多本已出版的小说和教材，我认为我能够胜任编辑经理的职位。

5. 从传统上来看，男性的饮食没有女性饮食健康，比女性运动更少，吸烟也较女性更多，这些生活方式和个人习惯的不同有助于解释为什么男性比女性更易死

于心脏病。

评析：

1. 对悉尼城市的介绍。现代城区仍见历史古迹。翻译难度小。

2. 选择car 出行的原因，同时也给出了bus 和train 的弊端。难度小。

3. 在美国工作，也要关注运动队。前两句难度小，但会让考生感觉工作，和当地运动队表现有什么关系？答案就是最后一句，关键词是participate in，discussion，难词：inevitable。

4. 一个应聘主编岗位的经验自述。难度小，但出现了more than 和over，所以要注意两个数字翻译的准确性。关键词：editing，post。

5. 男性心脏病发病率高于女性的原因：饮食、锻炼、生活方式、个人习惯。难

度适中，注意并列成分的翻译。

Passage 1

Most people in Britain like drinking tea. Britons drink a quarter of al the tea grown in the world each year. They are the world’s greatest tea drinkers. Many of them drink it on at least 8 different occasions during the day. They drink it between meals and at meals. They drink early morning tea in bed. Some morning tea drinkers have automatic tea-making machines connected to their alarm clocks. They also drink afternoon tea in their sitting room or in their gardens.大多数英国人喜欢喝茶。英国人每年可以喝掉世界

上生产的四分之一的茶叶。他们是世界上茶叶最大的消费人群。许多英国人一天

至少喝茶8 次。他们在饭前饭后喝茶，早上刚起床就喝茶。一些早上起床喝茶的

人们甚至把自己的制茶机和闹钟设定在一起。他们在起居室，或者自己的花园里，也喜欢喝下午茶。

评析：这篇听译中，考生要注意对数字的记忆和理解。难点在后面的 3 个喝茶时间（tea between meals, morning tea, afternoon tea 的信息捕捉和分析。难度

适中。

Passage2

Pol ution in today’s world can be in various kinds. Factories pour their wastes into our air and into our rivers and lakes. Noisy trucks and trains pol ute in a different way. They may keep us awake at night and even make it hard to think in peace and quiet during the day. Moreover, ugliness surrounds us. There are too few trees, too little grass and too much concrete. The answer, I think, is scientific planning. There must be control ed and sustainable development within our cities. And primary consideration must be the quality of people’s lives.

当今世界的污染有很多种类。工厂把垃圾排到天空，河流和湖泊。嘈杂的卡车和火车以另一种方式污染着这个世界。它们让我们夜不能眠，白天也不能安静地思考。另外，丑陋的事物也存在与我们周围。树木太少，绿草稀缺，到处都钢筋混凝土。我认为，解决之道在于科学规划。我们的城市必须要有可控的，可持续的发展，其首要指标应是人们的生活质量。

评析：这篇听力短文信息量较大，要求考生做好关键信息（pol ution，factory. Noisy trucks and trains, ugliness, the answer, scientific planning, controlled and sustainable development, primary consideration）的捕捉，记忆和导出。

阅读第一篇：

出处：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5716529809.html,

Value of life forgotten in quest for affluence

I heard my train approaching. I ran up a two-story escalator and hopped on my train. I was relieved to make it onto my train, but my relief was short-lived. While catching my breath, I heard the announcement that the train would be stopped because of an accident. This was the same announcement I had heard just a week before. The number of train accidents is increasing in Japan,

and it is thought that one-third of the accidents result from suicide attempts.

Japan's suicide rate is one of the highest in the world. More than 30,000 Japanese people take their lives every year, even though my country, Japan, is one of the richest and the most advanced countries in the world today.

Allow me to describe some factors of the sickly Japanese situation and to list some silver bullets which might cure the illness.

To find the causes of today's Japanese social problems, I looked back at history and realized that the way Japan dealt with the aftermath of World War II might have directly affected what Japanese society is today.

No other country except Japan could become a world leader just 20 to 30 years after losing a major war and achieve one of the world's highest GNPs. It would have been impossible without Japanese diligence. While I am amazed at Japan's development, I suspect that Japan also lost something important during the postwar boom era.

Japan is the only country that has suffered from the damage inflicted by atomic bombs. However, the nuclear attack is just a half-century-old story for most people now.

It seems that Japan moved too swiftly to put this pain behind us in order to grab immediate profits in business. While Japanese society has prospered, it has focused only on short-term gain. Therefore, it has neglected the dignity of human life.

Japanese seek material affluence and convenience, but in chasing these things, we have left behind richness of the mind and the heart. In compensation for this, people in Japan have no dreams and hope. Our society

has become a cold and lonely place, which lacks life and spirit.

How should Japanese society overcome its unhealthy situation? When one does not do what one should do, he or she cannot come alive. It seems that Japan is in exactly the same situation.

To make our society vigorous, Japan should carry out its duties and responsibilities. For example, it is the duty of Japan to proclaim the importance

of world peace. It is the responsibility of Japan to share with the entire world the technology it has developed which might help prevent global warming. To

have a true happy and bountiful life, each of the people in Japan should rethink the value of life and the importance of caring for each other.

These things have been neglected because Japanese have been overzealous

in their quest for money and material wealth. Only when Japanese people understand what true happiness is wil Japanese society grasp the importance

of human life.

Today, while our world is getting smaller and smaller, it constantly faces the risk of terrorism and nuclear war breaking out. With these problems to solve, now is the time for Japanese society to wake up to its duties and responsibilities.

Japan holds three great non-nuclear principles that prohibit the nation from producing or possessing nuclear weapons or even bringing them onto Japanese soil.

I dream that Japanese society will value each human's life and contribute to making our world a better place for generations to come

阅读第二篇

出自https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5716529809.html,

Hondurans face big fines for smoking at home

Lighting up a cigarette at home could bring a visit from Honduran police if a family member or even a visitor complains about secondhand smoke.

A new law that took effect Monday banning smoking in most public and private spaces doesn't actual y outlaw cigarettes inside homes, but it does have a provision al owing people to file complaints about secondhand smoke in homes.

Violations would bring a verbal warning on the first offense. After that could come arrest and a $311 fine — the equivalent of the monthly minimum wage in this Central American country.

Even some anti-smoking advocates suspect that part of the law may not work.

"It seems its intention is to educate by way of complaints, a move that I do not find very feasible," said Armando Peruga, a program manager at the World Health Organization's Tobacco-Free Initiative.

He did praise Honduras for adopting a broad anti-smoking law, noting it is only the 29th nation to adopt such a law out of WHO's 193 member states.

But Peruga said the clause al owing family members to cal police on their smoker relatives is confusing. The clause "does not make much sense since the law clearly does not prohibit smoking at homes."

Six-foot exclusion zone

The law bans smoking in most closed public or private spaces and orders smokers to stand at least six feet away from nonsmokers in any open space.

The law explicitly bans smoking in schools, gas stations, nightclubs, restaurants, bars, buses, taxis, stadiums and cultural centers but it doesn't clearly ban smoking at home.

Still, one clause says that "families or individuals may complain to law enforcement authorities when smokers expose them to secondhand smoke in private places and family homes."

"The law is clear and we wil comply with it," said Rony Portillo, director of the Institute to Prevent Alcoholism and Drug Addiction. "Authorities wil intervene (at a home) when someone makes a complaint."

Some say the law wil be almost impossible to enforce in a country of 8 million people with a rampant crime problem and only 12,000 police officers.

"Police won't be able to enforce it because they can barely keep up with the crime wave that has been overwhelming us to be able to go after those who are smoking at home," said Jose Martinez, a 38-year-old computer engineer who has smoked for 20 years.

The law also outlaws al advertising for tobacco products and requires photos of lungs affected by cancer to be placed on cigarette packs. Tobacco and cigarette companies have 60 days to comply with both requirements.

In Honduras, 30 percent of the people smoke, and nine out of 10 Hondurans suffering from acute bronchitis live in homes where there is a smoker, according to Honduran health authorities.

For every dol ar that the tobacco industry makes in Honduras, the state spends $10 to fight smoking-related diseases, according to the Health Department.

The law says businesses, such as bars or restaurants, that al ow smoking could be fined between $1,000 and $6,000 and repeat offenders could be shut down.

"The law is stupid because it bans smoking in bars or nightclubs, and everyone knows that people who go there smoke, and if they don't like it, they shouldn't come and that's that," said Gustavo Val adares, a bar manager and smoker.

Nonsmokers see it differently.

"It was about time that the government did something," said elementary school teacher Esteban Quijano, a nonsmoker. "I like to visit bars, but I hate the smoke of others. Most of my friends smoke and I know that it indirectly hurts me and now it will be different. I support the law."

阅读第四篇

Only a few hundred people live in Yvoire, but the small village on the southern shores of Lake Geneva has a lot to offer.

It even enjoys the reputation of being one of the prettiest places in al of France - thanks to its medieval buildings, the unusually scenic view of the lake and its countless flowers which in the summer months decorate many of the town's houses.

Yvoire is no longer a secret tip. On the contrary, many visitors who have set up

their quarters nearby either in France or Switzerland, come to the town. And

for many vacationers travelling southwards, Yvoire is an ideal stopping-off point.

During some days of the main season the parking lots near the town center are

filled up, while excursion boats bring in loads of tourists from across the lake.

Now, in autumn, the atmosphere is tangibly quieter and the visitors are no longer tripping over each other’s feet.

For a tour around the town, one should set aside a bit of time. Many shops will be selling the usual tourist souvenirs ranging from coffee mugs to lapel pins.

But there are also a number of gal eries offering paintings, sculptures and al kinds of hand-made artifacts, while in other shops there are high-quality porcelain items and clothing.

Those who during their strol through the streets happen to look up will discover the entire glory of the flowers decorating the houses.

The grey of the natural stone of which the houses are built lets the riot of reds shine even more brightly.

Yvoire's gastronomy scene is a modest one, but on the road along the lakeshore visitors have a number of opportunities to find top-level cuisine.

Those seeking a bit of luxury wil find what they are looking for in

Evian-les-Bains, about a half-hour drive to the east. There, at the home of the world-famous mineral water of the same name, there is to this day the summer-residence flair of the nobility and upper classes.

In Yvoire the path quickly leads down to the shore, where in a small harbour yachts are bobbing in the water and a few fishermen are defending their space against al the tourists.

What is left of an erstwhile castle is quickly circled and leads to the docks for the excursion boats.

It can be crowded on the boats and there really isn't that much to see. So one quickly climbs the hill back up to town for a strol again through the narrow streets.

They lead to a smal , tree-lined square located in front of a pretty church, dedicated to St Pankratius and its construction dating back to the 11th century.

Just why precisely at the tip of the Leman Peninsula a strongly-fortified town was built back in the Middle Ages is easily explained.

The location on the transit point between the larger and smaller part of Lake Geneva was an ideal one for the ruler to secure his claim to power.

And so there evolved at the start of the 14th century a formidable fortification.

Over the course of time the ownership and power equations would change, and a few hundred years later the town sank back into military insignificance.

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