高考英语试题分项解析专题18：完形填空之记叙文

专题18 完形填空之记叙文

2018年高考题

【2018·全国II】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可

以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Two weeks earlier. my son . Ben ,had got in touch , he’d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I’d ___41___ seen him . So imagine my ___42___ when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me.

I was ___43___ ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to ___44___ . The bay was ___45___ in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little ___46___ .I realized one kayak（皮划艇）was in ___47___ . “Something’s not ___48___ !” I took off my T-shirt and ___49___ into the water.

I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was ___50___ violently. Linking arms with one of the instructors . I helped ___51___ the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something ___52___ to me. Those brown eyes were very ___53___ . “What’s his name ?” I asked the instructor. “Ben,” he replied, and immediately I ___54___ . That stranger was my son!

The instructors called for an ambulance.___55___ ,after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to ___56___ and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben ___57___ to me. “I j ust want to say thank you,” he said, “You ___58___ my life !”

I still can’t believe what a ___59___ it was. I’m just so glad I was there ___60___ to help my son.

41. A. also B. often C. even D. last

42. A. delight B. relief C. anger D. worry

43. A. scared B. shocked C. thrilled D. ashamed

44. A. talk B. stay C. meet D. settle

45. A. bathed B. clean C. deep D. formed

46. A. faster B. closer C. heavier D. wiser

47. A. trouble B. advance C. question D. battle

48. A. real B. right C. fair D. fit

49. A. stared B. sank C. dived D. fell

50. A. arguing B. fighting C. shouting D. shaking

51. A. lead B. persuade C. carry D. keep

52. A. happened B. occurred C. applied D. appealed

53. A. sharp B. pleasant C. attractive D. familiar

54.A. agreed B. hesitated C. doubted D. knew

55. A. B. Frankly C. Sadly D. Suddenly

56. A. return B. relax C. speak D. leave

57. A. joked B. returned C. listened D. pointed

58. A. created B. honored C. saved D. guided

59. A. B. change C. pity D. pain

60. A. on board B. in time C. for sure D. on purpose

【答案】41. D 42. A 43. C 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. B 49.

C 50.

D 51. C 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. A 56. D 57. B 58. C

59. A 60. B

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者13年后和儿子见面的情景。在和儿子见面的地点，作

者救了一个年轻人，没有想到的是，年轻人竟然是自己13年未见的儿子。

41. 考查副词词义辨析。根据空前句中可知，儿子在三岁的时候离开，到现在已经13年了。

由此可以暗示出是上一次见面。A. also也；B. often经常；C. even甚至；D. last上一次，

故选D项切题。

44. 考查动词词义辨析。根据空前可知，我很早就到了拜伦湾，我们应该在那里见

面。A. talk谈话；B. stay停留； C. meet见面；D. settle解决。故选C项切题。

45. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。A. bathed沐浴；

B. clean清扫；

C. deep深处；

D. formed形成。故选A项切题。

46. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离的比较近一点，

才能意识到一只皮划艇出现意外。A. faster迅速的；B. closer靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；

C. heavier重的，沉重的；

D. wiser有智慧的；聪明的。故选B项切题。

47. 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文儿子出现意外情况可知，一只皮筏艇处于麻烦之中。A. trouble麻烦，困难；B. advance前进，进展；C. question问题，疑问；D. battle战斗，战役。故选A项切题。

48. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据上句皮划艇处于麻烦之中可知，某件事不正常。A. real真实的；B. right正确的，正常的；C. fair公平的；D. fit合适的。故选B项切题。

49. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文皮划艇有麻烦和下文我去帮忙救人可知，我脱掉我的T恤衫，跳入水中。A. stared盯着看，目不转睛地看，凝视；B. sank下沉，沉没；C. dived潜水，跳水；D. fell打倒；击倒。故选C项切题。

50. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文a man lying across the middle和下文He was unconscious 可知，应该是剧烈的颤抖、摇动。A. arguing争论，辩论；B. fighting打架；C. shouting 呼喊；D. shaking摇动。故选D项切题。

51. 考查动词词义辨析。我帮助把年轻人带出水面。A. lead领导，引导，带领；B. persuade 说服，劝服；C. carry搬运，装运；D. keep保持；保存，保留；故选C项切题。

52. 考查动词词义辨析。根据句意可知，当我看着他的脸时，我想到了一些事情。occur跟to 短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”，happen后接不定式，是"碰巧"的意思。故选B项切题。

53. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文，“What’s his name?”可知，他棕色的眼睛对我来说是很熟悉的。A. sharp锐利的；锋利的；B. pleasant愉快的，快乐的，舒适的；C. attractive 有吸引力的；引人注目的；D. familiar亲密的，熟悉的。故选D项切题。

54. 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“That stranger was my son”可知，我马上就知道。A. agreed同意，赞成，承认，答应；B. hesitated犹豫，踌躇；C. doubted怀疑；疑惑；D. knew 知道，了解。故选D项切题。

55. 考查副词词义辨析。根据空后句子可知，应该是幸运地。A. Fortunately幸运地，侥幸地；B. Frankly率直地，坦白地，真诚地；C. Sadly悲哀地，悲伤地；D. Suddenly突然地，忽然地；故选A项切题。

56. 考查动词词义辨析。根据空前was well enough可知，应该是被允许出院。A. return返回；报答；B. relax放松，休息；C. speak说；D. leave离开。故选D项切题。

57. 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I just want to say thank you”可知，Ben转向我向我

说谢谢。A. joked开玩笑；B. turned转向；C. listened听；D. pointed指出。故选B项切题。

58. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I helped carry the man out of the water”可知，应该是挽救了我的生命。A. created创造；创作；B. honored尊敬；尊重；给与荣誉；C. saved 救，拯救；D. guided指导，指挥；故选C项切题。

59. 考查名词词义辨析。我没有想到这是多么巧合的一件事呀!A. coincidence巧合，巧事；

B. change改变，变更，变换；

C. pity怜悯，同情；

D. pain疼痛；痛苦。故选A项切题。

60. 考查介词词组词义辨析。我高兴的是我在那儿及时帮助了我的儿子。A. on board在船上；

B. in time及时；

C. for sure肯定；

D. on purpose目的。故选B项切题。

点睛：occur和happen的区别

1. occur是比较正式的用语，可用于具体或抽象的事物，通常指按计划或规律在较为确定的时间“发生”的事。跟to短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”。例如：Something occurred 意思是“某事发生了”。

An idea occurs to me that going to Switzerland for traveling will be marvelous! 我想到去瑞士旅游会很棒!

2. happen常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的“发生”，是不及物动词。例如：How did the accident happen? 这事故是怎样发生的?

If anything happens, please let me know. 有什么事发生，请告诉我。

如果happen后接不定式，是“碰巧”的意思。如：

I happened to meet him on my way home. 我在回家的路上碰巧遇到他。

注意：happen和happen to都是不及物动词或短语，不能用于被动语态。

【2018·全国III】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say ＂sorry, ___41___ number!＂ and move on. But when Dennis Williams

____42____ a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him, he did something ____43____.

On March 19, Dennis got a group text ____44____ him that a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the ____45____ of a baby.

＂Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken,＂ Dennis ____46____. The baby was born and update texts were ____47____ quickly from the overjoyed grandmother,

Teresa. In her ____48____, she didn’t seem to realize that she was ____49____ the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. ＂Well, I don’t ____50____ you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby,＂ replied Dennis before asking which room the new ____51____ were in.

Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his ____52____! He turned up at the hospital ____53____ gi fts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey’s husband was totally ____54____ by the unexpected visit. ＂I don’t think we would have randomly invited him over but we ____55____ it and the gifts.＂

Teresa ____56____ a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website ____57____ by the touching words: ＂What a ____58____ this young man was to our family! He was so ____59____ and kind to do this.＂ The post has since gained the ____60____ of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.

41. A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong

42. A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed

43. A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical

44. A. convincing B. reminding C. informing D. warning

45. A. wake-up B. recovery C. growth D. arrival

46. A. responded B. interrupted C. predicted D. repeated

47. A. coming in B. setting out C. passing down D. moving around

48. A. opinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort

49. A. comparing B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing

50. A. accept B. know C. believe D. bother

51. A. parents B. doctors C. patients D.

visitors

52. A. dream B. promise C. agenda D.

principle

53. A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D.

making

54. A. discouraged B. relaxed C. astonished D. defeated

55. A. admit B. need C. appreciate D.

expect

56. A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted

57. A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied

58. A. pity B. blessing C. relief D.

problem

59. A. smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair

60. A. sympathy B. attention C. control D.

trust

【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. A 48. C 49.

D 50. B 51. A 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. C 56. D 57. D 58. B

59. C 60. B

【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了Dennis Williams认真对待陌生人的信息，使陌生人

倍受感动的故事。

43. B.考查形容词。根据后文内容可知，他做了与众不同的事情，所以用special合适。A. reasonable合理的；B. special特别的；C. necessary必要的；D. practical现实可行的。

44. C 考查动词。根据后句a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the ____ of a baby.可知，这对陌生夫妇是在告诉他这个消息。A. convincing让人信服的；

B. reminding提醒；

C. informing通知；

D. warning警告。故选C。

45. D 考查名词。根据下文The baby was born可知，他们在等候新生儿的到来。A. wake-up

醒来；B. recovery恢复；C. growth成长；D. arrival到来。故选D。

46. A 考查动词。根据前句内容可知，这是Dennis的回复。A. responded回复；B. interrupted

打断；C. predicted预料；D. repeated重复。故选A。

47. A 考查动词短语。根据本句The baby was born and update texts were 47 quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa.可知，消息很快再次进来。A. coming in进来；

B. setting out着手；

C. passing down使流传；

D. moving around走来走去。故选Ａ。

48. C. 考查名词。根据本句In her 48 , she didn’t seem to realize that she was

49 the baby’s photos with a complete stranger.可知，这位妈妈太兴奋，没有意识到

把照片分享给了陌生人。A. opinion观点；B. anxiety焦虑；C. excitement兴奋；D. effort

努力。故选C。

49. D. 考查动词。根据后文I will get there to take pictures with the baby replied Dennis before asking which room the new 51 were in可知，Dennis 收到了Teresa发来的照片，

所以是她跟陌生人分享了照片。A. comparing比较；B. exchanging交换；C. discussing讨论；D. sharing分享。故选D。

50. B 考查动词。根据前文Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didn’t know可知，Dennis不认识他们。A. accept接受；B. know认识，了解；C. believe相信；

D. bother打扰，麻烦。故选Ｂ。

51. 考查名词。根据前文可以推知，这对夫妇为新父母。A. parents父母；B. doctors医生；

C. patients病人；

D. visitors游客。故选A。

52. B 考查名词。根据后文He turned up at the hospital 53 gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy.可知，他坚守了自己对于新妈妈Lindsey和她的孩子礼物的承诺。

A. dream梦想；

B. promise承诺；

C. agenda会议议程；

D. principle原则。故选B。

53. A 考查动词。根据语境可知，他是拿着礼物来的。A. bearing携带，拿；B. collecting

收集；C. opening打开；D. making制造。故选A。

54. C 考查形容词。根据unexpected可知，她丈夫是十分惊讶。A. discouraged沮丧；B. relaxed

放松的；C. astonished吃惊的；D. defeated打败的。故选C。

55. C 考查动词。根据语境以及后文往网上发帖可知，Teresa夫妇十分感激Dennis的到来以及带来的礼物。A. admit承认；B. need需要；C. appreciate感激；D. expect期望。故选C。

56. D考查动词。根据后文The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61, 500 likes in just three days.可知，她把照片贴到了网上。A. found发现；B. selected选择；C. developed发展；

D. posted发帖。故选D。

57. D考查动词。根据语境可知，照片后面附着一段感人的文字。A. confirmed确定；B. simplified简化；C. clarified分类；D. accompanied伴随着。故选D。

58. B考查名词。根据语境可推知，这位母亲认为这位年轻的陌生人来看望宝宝是上帝的祝福。

A. pity同情，怜悯；

B. blessing祝福；

C. relief放松，如释重负；

D. problem问题。故选B。

59. C考查形容词。根据语境He was so 59 and kind to do this.可知，与kind并列，所以用sweet，表甜美善良。A. smart聪明的；B. calm冷静的；C. sweet甜美的；D. fair公平的。故选C。

60. B考查名词。根据文章最后一句The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61, 500 likes in just three days.可知，三天里有184,000人分享，61,500点赞，所以是引起了极大关注。A. sympathy 同情；B. attention关注；C. control控制；D. trust信任。故选B。

【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第5，11小题可以判断这对夫妇在等待新生儿的出生，所以这对夫妇是新父母。而第16，20题是相互联系的，可以推断出他们是在网上发帖，引起了人们的关注。而根据文章第1题和第3题可知，Dennis做的是与众不同的事情，所以完形填空的解答要注重上下文的结合。

【2018·北京】阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The Homeless Hero

For many, finding an unattended wallet filled with ￡400 in cash would be a source （来源）of temptation（诱惑）. But the ___16___ would no doubt be greater if you were

living on the streets with little food and money. All of this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith ____17____ more remarkable.

After spotting a ___18___ on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down, he stood guard in the rain for about two hours waiting for the ____19____ to return.

After hours in the cold and wet, he ____20____ inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID so he could contact（联系）the driver, only to ____21____ it contained ￡400 in notes, with another ￡50 in spare change beside it.

He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after ____22____ a note behind to let the owner know it was safe. When the car’s owner John Anders on and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car—which was itself worth ￡35, 000—in Glasgow city centre, they were ____23____ to find two policemen standing next to it. The policemen told them what Mr. Smith did and that the wallet was ____24____.

The pair were later able to thank Mr. Smith for his ____25____.

Mr. Anderson said：＂I couldn’t believe that the guy never took a penny. To think he is sleeping on the streets tonight ____26____ he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in. This guy has nothing and

____27____ he didn’t take the wallet for himself；he thought about others ____28____. It’s unbelievable. It just proves there are ___29___ guys out there.＂Mr. Smith’s act ____30____ much of the public’s attention. He also won praise from social media users after Mr. Anderson ____31____ about the act of kindness on Facebook.

Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to ____32____ money for Mr. Smith and other homeless people in the area, which by yesterday had received ￡8,000. ＂I think the faith that everyone has shown ____33____ him has touched him. People have been approaching him in the street; he’s had job ____34____ and all sorts,＂ Mr. Anderson commented.

For Mr. Smith, this is a possible life-changing ____35____. The story once again tells us that one good turn deserves another.

16. A. hope B. aim C. urge D. effort

17. A. still B. even C. ever D. once

18. A. wallet B. bag C. box D. parcel

19. A. partner B. colleague C. owner D.

policeman

20. A. turned B. hid C. stepped D. reached

21. A. discover B. collect C. check D. believe

22. A. taking B. leaving C. reading D. writing

23. A. satisfied B. excited C. amused D. shocked

24. A. safe B. missing C. found D. seen

25. A. service B. support C. kindness D.

encouragement

26. A. when B. if C. where D. because

27. A. rather B. yet C. already D. just

28. A. too B. though C. again D. instead

29. A. honest B. polite C. rich D. generous

30. A. gave B. paid C. cast D. drew

31. A. learned B. posted C. cared D. heard

32. A. borrow B. raise C. save D. earn

33. A. of B. at C. for D. in

34. A. details B. changes C. offers D. applications

35. A. lesson B. adventure C. chance D. challenge

【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. D 24.

A 25. C 26. A 27.

B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. D

34. C 35. C

【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类文章。文章讲述了流浪汉Tom发现一辆车窗开着的汽车前座上有

一个钱包。Tom冒雨等了数个小时，在查找不到车主身份的情况下将钱包交到了警察局。钱包

的主人Mr. Anderson在得知一切后，将Tom的善举发布到了Facebook上。Tom的行为引发了

人们的好评和帮助。这件事印证了一句俗语：善有善报。

17. 考查副词词义辨析。A. still仍然；B. even更加，愈发，甚至；C. ever曾经；D. once 曾经，一度。所有这一切使得流浪汉Tom Smith的行为更加的不同寻常。even在该句中修饰比较级more remarkable。B选项正确。

18. 考查名词词义辨析。A. wallet钱包；B. bag包；C. box盒子，箱子；D. parcel包裹，包袱。由第三段中的After hours in the cold and wet, he 20 inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID可知，Tom Smith发现一辆汽车的前排座上有一个钱包。当时这辆车停在那儿，窗户摇了下来。A选项正确。

19. 考查名词词义辨析。A. partner同伴，伙伴；B. colleague同事；C. owner主人；D. policeman警察。Tom冒雨等待车主回来。C选项正确。

20. 考查动词词义辨析。A. turned转动；B. hid藏，隐藏；C. stepped迈步，举步；D. reached 伸手去拿，到达。由后面的pulled the wallet out可知，在雨里等了数个小时后，Tom将手伸进车窗，将钱包拿了出来。D选项正确。

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22. 考查动词词义辨析。A. taking带走；B. leaving留下，落下，离开；C. reading读；

D. writing写。他拿着钱包去了附近的警察局，在车上留下了一张便条，其目的是让车主知道他的钱包是安全的。B选项正确。

23. 考查形容词词义辨析。A. satisfied满意的；B. excited兴奋的；C. amused被逗乐的；

D. shocked震惊的。当车主返回时，发现自己的车边有警察，应该感到很惊讶。故D选项正确。

24. 考查形容词/动词词义辨析。A. safe安全的；B. missing不见的，丢失的；C. found发现，找到；D. seen看见。由该段开头可知，Tom将钱包带去了警察局，因此该处警察告诉John 他的钱包是安全的。A选项正确。

25. 考查名词词义辨析。A. service服务；B. support支持；C. kindness善意，善良；D. encouragement鼓励。Tom将钱包交给警察，没有据为己有，这是一种善举。故C选项正确。

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27. 考查副词词义辨析。A. rather相当；B. yet但是；C. already已经；D. just仅仅。Tom 什么都没有，但是他没有拿走钱包。前后两句话之间是转折关系，故B选项正确。

28. 考查副词词义辨析。A. too也；B. though但是；C. again再，又；D. instead代替。Tom没有拿走钱包，他考虑的是别人，没有考虑自己。D选项正确。

29. 考查形容词词义辨析。A. honest诚实的；B. polite礼貌的；C. rich富有的；D. generous 慷慨的。Tom没有拿走钱包，而是把它交到了警察局，这是一种诚实的行为。A选项正确。30. 考查动词词义辨析。A. gave给；B. paid支付；C. cast投掷，投射；D. drew吸引。Tom 的行为吸引了公众的关注。D选项正确。

31. 考查动词词义辨析。A. learned学习，学会；B. posted发布，张贴；C. cared关心，在意；D. heard听到。由后面的Facebook(一个社交网站)可知，在Mr. Anderson将Tom的善举发布到Facebook上之后，Tom赢得了社交媒体使用者的赞扬。B选项正确。

32. 考查动词词义辨析。A. borrow借；B. raise筹集；C. save挽救，节省；D. earn挣（钱）。Mr. Anderson在网上发起一个运动来为Tom和其他无家可归的人筹钱。B选项正确。

33. 考查介词。大家向Tom表示出的信任触动了Tom。faith意为“信任，相信”，常和介词in搭配，意为“对……的信任，相信……”，故D选项正确。

34. 考查名词词义辨析。A. details细节；B. changes改变；C. offers提供（物），给予（物），提议；D. applications应用，申请。该句应指Tom得到了人们的帮助，人们为他提供工作和其他的东西。C选项正确。

35. 考查名词词义辨析。A. lesson课；B. adventure冒险；C. chance机会；D. challenge 挑战。这件事对于流浪汉Tom来说是一个可以改变终生的机会。C选项正确。

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难度上，基本与现行高三教材相当。字数上，完形填空短文词数在240——320之间。 二、从所挖空格的角度 首先，该题型所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生熟悉语言环境，迅速进入主题，对文章有宏观和整体性的把握，建立正确的思维导向。正文中通常挖去20个词，平均每14词挖一个空格，通常不会出现两个空格前后相连或同一句子挖空超过三个的情况。 其次，挖去的词汇以实词为主，虚词为辅。语言分为形式和内容两方面，而完形填空题多重视考查语言的内容，这是与承载具体信息的实词紧密相关的。在高考对具体语法规则不断淡化的趋势下，常与语言形式即具体语法条目相关的虚词数量不断下降，目前仅在3个空格左右。

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