M4 Seeing the doctor
词组:
1.感冒___________
2.浑身;到处________
3.快餐_______
4.参加;参与_________
5.量某人的体温_____________
6.看医生;看病__________
7.对…有害_____________
8.照顾;照料_____________
9.锻炼;做运动___________ 10.不时____________
U1
1.----- ______, sir?
----- Oh, yes.I’d like to buy a jacket.
A.What can I do for you
B. Can I help you
C. What are you looking for
D. Why are you there
2.用括号中所给词的正确形式填空
Mike fell off the bike and hurt _________(him).
3.同义句转换,每空一词
Why don’t we visit the old people’s home this weekend?
_____ _______ visiting the old people’s home this weekend?
4. ----How long have you lived in the new flat?
----- _____ 2010.
A.In
B.After
C.Since
D.Before
5. ----Why are you standing, Alice?
-----I can’t see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting _____ me.
A.behind
B.next
C. between
D. in front of
6. The chemicals in the vegetables and fruit are bad _______ our health.
A.from
B.with
C.of
D.for
U2
1.You can improve your English ______ practicing more.
A.by
B.with
C.of
D.in
2. Goldilocks decided ______ for a walk in the forest.
A.go
B.to go
C.going
D.goes
3. He _____ an English club last year and has improved his English a lot.
A.protected
B.produced
C.joined
D.received
4. ----I feel really tired.
----- ________
A.Lucky you!
B.You’d better work harder
C. Congratulations!
D.Why not go and have a rest?
5. The retired couple enjoy _____ photos. They always go out with their cameras.
A.take
B.took
C.to take
D.taking
6.完成句子,每空一词
踢完足球后,他太兴奋了睡不着。
After the football game, he was _____ excited ____ sleep.
U3
1.-----_____ have you been in the sports club?
----Since the first month I came to the school.
A.How old
B.How long
C.How much
D.How soon
2. 同义句转换,每空一词
What’s wrong with my computer?
What’s ____ ____ with my computer?
3.When I came to Shanghai ____, I fell in love with this city.
A.at the same time
B.from time to time
C.for the first time
D.all the time
4. I love this song by Lady Gaga. Would you _____ the TV a bit, please? I can’t hear it clearly.
A.turn on
B.turn off
C.turn up
D.turn down
根据句意及首字母提示补全单词
1.Have you c_______ a cold?
2.You may have a fever; let me take your t_________.
3.Spending too much time in front of the computer can be very h______ to your h_________.
4.Take the m_______ three times a day.
5.I am one of the m______ of our school football team.
6.She is in excellent c________ too.
7.I went to bed late last night; now I feel very s_______.
8.He didn’t go to school yesterday because of i_______.
用所给单词的适当形式填空
9.Smoking is _________(harm) to your health.
10.Just do some exercise, such as _______(run).
11.I felt _______(sleep) after I listened to music for a while.
12.It’s important for us to stay _________(health).
13.How about ________(go) _______ (swim) this afternoon?
句型转换
14.Lingling started to learn English in 2010.(用since改为现在完成时)
Lingling _____ _____ English ____ 2010.
15.Betty moved to Beijing in 2004. (用for改为现在完成时)
Betty _____ _____ in Beijing _____ 9 years.
16.The film started 10 minutes ago. (改为同义句)
The film ____ ___ ______for 10 minutes.
17.Project Hope has worked for many years in China.(就画线部分提问)
____ _______ ________ Project Hope _____ in China?
18.Mr Smith teaches English.(用we 的适当形式改为双宾语句)
Mr Smith teaches ____ ____.
单选
19.----How long are you going to stay here?
--- ________.
A.Five days ago
B. Since five days ago
B.For five days D.In five days
20.My mother tells me _____ food is good _____ my health.
A.healthful;to
B.healthy;to
C.healthy;for
D.healthful; for
21. Miss Lin ____ a lot of work for the poor area since 2010.
A.does
B.did
C.has done
D.will do
22. He _____ for ten years.
A.has been married
B.married
C.got married
D.has married
23. -----Have you heard about that car accident near the school?
-----Yes, luckily no one _____.
A.hurt
B.was hurt
C.has hurt
D.were hurt
24. _____ great picture! Who painted it?
A.How
B.What
C.How a
D.What a
25. ----- _____ of volunteers will be needed for planting trees near that desert.
----- Let’s go and ____ them.
A.Thousands; join
B.Thousand; be a member of
C.Three thousand; take part in
D.Thousands; be in
26. Tom, _____ afraid of speaking in front of people. You are the best one.
A.don’t
B.not
C.not be
D.don’t be
27. He has never been to Urumqi, ____?
A.has he
B.hasn’t he
C.is he
D.isn’t he
补全对话
Bill: Good morning, doctor.
Doctor: Good morning. What’s your ___28___, young man?
Bill: I’m not __29__ very well. I didn’t sleep __30___ last night.
Doctor: Let me see. Open your __31____ and say”Ah…”
Bill: Ah. Is there anything ___32____?
Doctor: Don’t worry. Let me take your ___33___. It’s a cold.
Bill: Is that all? It seems ___34__ than a cold.
Doctor: Did you eat anything ____35_ breakfast?
Bill: No, I didn’t feel like __36____ anything.
Doctor:Then take the pills three __37_____ a day. Just stay in bed until tomorrow.
Bill:Thank you, doctor.
Doctor:Goodbye.
28. _______ 29. ______ 30. ________ 31. _______ 32. __________
33._________ 34. _______ 35. _________ 36. _________ 37. ________
答案:
词组:1.catch a cld 2.all over 3.fast food 4.take part in 5.take sb’s temperature 6.see the doctor 7.be harmful to 8.look after 9.do exercise 10.from time to time
U1
1.bB
2.himself
3.What/How abot
4. C
5. D
6.D
U2
1.A
2.B
3.C
4.D
5. D
6.too, to
U3
1.B
2. the matter/trouble/problem
3.C
4.C
单词.
1.caught
2.temperature
3.harmful ;health
4.medicine
5.members
6.condition
7.sleep
8.illness 单词的适当形式
9.harmful 10,running 11.sleep 12.healthy 13.going,swimming
句型转换
14.has learned/learnt; since 15.hasbeen/lived; for 16.has been on 17.How long has,worked https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5f17719263.html, English
单选
19.C 20.C 21.C 22.A 23. B 24.D 25.A 26.D 27.A
补全对话
28.trouble 29.feeling 30.well 31.mouth 32.wrong 33.temperature 34.worse 3.for 36.eating 37.times
则系统闭环传递函数为 假设得到的闭环传递函数三阶特征多项式可分解为 令对应项系数相等,有 二、高阶系统累试法 对于固有传递函数是高于二阶的高阶系统,PID校正不可能作到全部闭环极点的任意配置。但可以控制部分极点,以达到系统预期的性能指标。 根据相位裕量的定义,有 则有 则 由式可独立地解出比例增益,而后一式包含两个未知参数和,不是唯一解。通常由稳态误差要求,通过开环放大倍数,先确定积分增益,然后计算出微分增益。同时通过数字仿真,反复试探,最后确定、和三个参数。 设单位反馈的受控对象的传递函数为 试设计PID控制器,实现系统剪切频率 ,相角裕量。 解: 由式,得 由式,得 输入引起的系统误差象函数表达式为
令单位加速度输入的稳态误差,利用上式,可得 试探法 采用试探法,首先仅选择比例校正,使系统闭环后满足稳定性指标。然后,在此基础上根据稳态误差要求加入适当参数的积分校正。积分校正的加入往往使系统稳定裕量和快速性下降,此时再加入适当参数的微分校正,保证系统的稳定性和快速性。以上过程通常需要循环试探几次,方能使系统闭环后达到理想的性能指标。 齐格勒-尼柯尔斯法 (Ziegler and Nichols ) 对于受控对象比较复杂、数学模型难以建立的情况,在系统的设计和调试过程中,可以考虑借助实验方法,采用齐格勒-尼柯尔斯法对PID调节器进行设计。用该方法系统实现所谓“四分之一衰减”响应(”quarter-decay”),即设计的调节器使系统闭环阶跃响应相临后一个周期的超调衰减为前一个周期的25%左右。 当开环受控对象阶跃响应没有超调,其响应曲线有如下图的S形状时,采用齐格勒-尼柯尔斯第一法设定PID参数。对单位阶跃响应曲线上斜率最大的拐点作切线,得参数L 和T,则齐格勒-尼柯尔斯法参数设定如下: (a) 比例控制器: (b) 比例-积分控制器: , (c) 比例-积分-微分控制器: , 对于低增益时稳定而高增益时不稳定会产生振荡发散的系统,采用齐格勒-尼柯尔斯第二法(即连续振荡法)设定参数。开始只加比例校正,系统先以低增益值工作,然后慢慢增加增益,直到闭环系统输出等幅度振荡为止。这表明受控对象加该增益的比例控制已达稳定性极限,为临界稳定状态,此时测量并记录振荡周期Tu和比例增益值Ku。然后,齐格勒-尼柯尔斯法做参数设定如下: (a) 比例控制器:
《交通规划》课程教学大纲 课程编号:E13D3330 课程中文名称:交通规划 课程英文名称:Transportation Planning 开课学期:秋季 学分/学时:2学分/32学时 先修课程:管理运筹学,概率与数理统计,交通工程学 建议后续课程:城市规划,交通管理与控制 适用专业/开课对象:交通运输类专业/3年级本科生 团队负责人:唐铁桥责任教授:执笔人:唐铁桥核准院长: 一、课程的性质、目的和任务 本课程授课对象为交通工程专业本科生,是该专业学生的必修专业课。通过本课程的学习,应该掌握交通规划的基础知识、常用方法与模型。课程具体内容包括:交通规划问题分析的一般方法,建模理论,交通规划过程与发展历史,交通调查、出行产生、分布、方式划分与交通分配的理论与技术实践,交通网络平衡与网络设计理论等,从而在交通规划与政策方面掌握宽广的知识和实际的操作技能。 本课程是一间理论和实践意义均很强的课程,课堂讲授要尽量做到理论联系实际,模型及其求解尽量结合实例,深入浅出,使学生掌握将交通规划模型应用于实际的基本方法。此外,考虑到西方在该领域内的研究水平,讲授时要多参考国外相关研究成果,多介绍专业术语的英文表达方法以及相关外文刊物。课程主要培养学生交通规划的基本知识、能力和技能。 二、课程内容、基本要求及学时分配 各章内容、要点、学时分配。适当详细,每章有一段描述。 第一章绪论(2学时) 1. 交通规划的基本概念、分类、内容、过程、发展历史、及研究展望。 2. 交通规划的基本概念、重要性、内容、过程、发展历史以及交通规划中存在的问题等。
第二章交通调查与数据分析(4学时) 1. 交通调查的概要、目的、作用和内容等;流量、密度和速度调查;交通延误和OD调查;交通调查抽样;交通调查新技术。 2. 交通中的基本概念,交通流量、速度和密度的调查方法,调查问卷设计与实施,调查抽样,调查结果的统计处理等。 第三章交通需求预测(4学时) 1. 交通发生与吸引的概念;出行率调查;发生与吸引交通量的预测;生成交通量预测、发生与吸引交通量预测。 2. 掌握交通分布的概念;分布交通量预测;分布交通量的概念,增长系数法及其算法。 3. 交通方式划分的概念;交通方式划分过程;交通方式划分模型。 第四章道路交通网络分析(4学时) 1. 交通网络计算机表示方法、邻接矩阵等 2. 交通阻抗函数、交叉口延误等。 第五章城市综合交通规划(2学时) 1. 综合交通规划的任务、内容;城市发展战略规划的基本内容和步骤 2. 城市中长期交通体系规划的内容、目标以及城市近期治理规划的目标与内容 第六章城市道路网规划(2学时) 城市路网、交叉口、横断面规划及评价方法。 第七章城市公共交通规划(2学时) 城市公共交通规划目标任务、规划方法、原则及技术指标。 第八章停车设施规划(2学时) 停车差设施规划目标、流程、方法和原则。 第九章城市交通管理规划(2学时) 城市交通管理规划目标、管理模式和管理策略。 第十章公路网规划(2学时) 公路网交通调查与需求预测、方案设计与优化。 第十一章交通规划的综合评价方法(2学时) 1. 交通综合评价的地位、作用及评价流程和指标。 2. 几种常见的评价方法。 第十二章案例教学(2学时)