期末3

九年级物理上册期末考试物理试题

一． 单项选择题

1．物理学的发展有力的推动人类文明进程，在物理学发展漫长历程中，不少前

辈作出了卓越的贡献，其中总结出万有引力定律和惯性定律的科学家是（）

A ．牛顿 B.欧姆 C.帕斯卡 D.阿基米德

2、下列数值对教室黑板长度的估计正确的是（ ）

A ．黑板的长度是15m B.黑板的长度是14m

C.黑板的长度是4m

D.黑板的长度为1m

3.下列对物理概念的说法正确的是( )

A. 某种物质的质量越大,这种物质的密度越大

B.摩擦力的大小与压力的大小和接触面的大小有关

C.同种液体的压强随深度的增加而增大

D.静止的物体没有惯性。

4.下面是小明同学对力和运动的一些认识，下面正确的是（）

A.静止在桌面的物体不受力的作用

B.推土机推土的时候对土施力，土对推土机没有施力；

C.有力作用在物体上，物体才能运动

D.用力将气球压扁，说明力可以使物体发生形变

5.物理书静止放在水平桌面上，关于书受到的平衡力下列说法正确的是（ ）

A.书受到的重力和书对桌面的压力

B.书受到的重力和桌面对书的支持力

C.书对桌面的压力和桌面对书的支持力

D.桌子受到的重力和书对桌面的压力

6、对于密度ρ＝v

m 的理解，下列说法不正确的是（ ） A 、体积相同的不同物质，质量大的其密度大

B 、质量相同的不同物质，体积大的其密度小

C 、同种物质组成的不同实心物体，它们的质量与其体积的比值相等

D 、物质的密度与物质的质量成正比

8.以下不属于物体表现出惯性现象的是（ ）

A.车起步时车上的乘客向后倒

B.踢出去的足球会继续向前运动

C.超速行驶的机动车容易造成交通事故

D.竖直下落的苹果越来越快

9.如图所示，用钓鱼杆钓鱼的时候，鱼钩已经钩住了鱼，鱼还在水中时，感觉鱼

很轻，刚把鱼从水中拉离水面就感觉鱼变“重”了。对钓鱼过程的下列解释错误

的是（ ）

A.鱼离开水后,失去了水的浮力,使人感觉鱼变重了

B.鱼离开水后，鱼的重力增大，使人感觉鱼变重了

C.鱼离开水后，钓鱼线对钓鱼杆的拉力会增大

D.钓鱼杆是一种费力杠杆

10.如图所示，旅游登山时背包中的物品有轻有重，单从物理角度考虑，应该怎

样摆放更科学呢？（ ）

A.把重的物品放在背包上部

B.把重的物品放在背包下部

C.把常用的放上部

D.随意摆放都可以

11、如图是运动员踢足球的情景，下列分析正确的是（ ）

A ．足球在空中继续运动是由于惯性

B ．足球在空中时受到脚的作用力

C ．踢足球时，球对脚没有作用力

D ．脚对足球的力和足球的重力是一对平衡力

12、将同一个小球放入三个盛有不同液体的容器中，小球静止后如图所示，此时

液体对容器底部的压强是：（ ）

A ．甲容器的最大

B ．乙容器的最大

C ．丙容器的最大

D ．一样大

13、下列说法中正确的是：（ ）

A ．物体运动的速度越大，它受到的动力越大，惯性也越大

B ．骑自行车的人上坡前加紧蹬几下，这是为了增大惯性

C ．足球越滚越慢，是因为受到了球场对它施加的力的作用

D ．若运动的物体不受任何力的作用，它的速度将慢慢变小，最终停下来

14、你所在的考场里的空气质量大约是：

A ．几百千克

B ．几千克

C ．几十克

D ．几十毫克

15、关于物体受到的浮力，下列说法正确的是：（ ）

A ．物体的密度越大受到的浮力越小

B ．物体没入水中越深受到的浮力越大

C ．漂在水面的物体比沉在水底的物体受到的浮力大

D ．物体排开水的体积越大受到的浮力越大

16、百米赛跑运动员跑到终点时，不能立即停下来，这是因为运动员：（ ）

A ．失去了惯性

B ．具有惯性

C ．不受力的作用

D ．惯性大于阻力

17、小明用水平方向的力推静止在水平地面上的桌子，但没有推动．关于小明对

桌子的推力与桌子受到的摩擦力的大小关系，下列说法正确的是（ ）

A ．推力小于摩擦力

B ．推力等于摩擦力

C ．推力大于摩擦力

D ．不能确定两者的大小关系

18、图4中的几幅图片展示的是福娃小运动健将在进行奥运比赛的场面。下面是

李明对该比赛情景的分析，其中不正确的是

A.踢出去的足球在空中仍然受到重力和脚的踢力

B.投篮时，篮球脱手后在空中下降的过程中，福娃对篮球不再做功

C.击出的羽毛球能在空中继续飞行，是由于羽毛球具有惯性

D.用桨向后划水，皮划艇会前进，这是由于力的作用是相互的

19．如图1所示，用弹簧测力计水平拉动水平桌面上的物体，使其匀速直线滑动，

以下叙述中的二个力属于一对平衡力的是 （ ）

A 、弹簧测力计对物体的拉力与物体所受的重力

B 、弹簧测力计对物体的拉力与桌面对物体的摩擦力

C 、物体对桌面的压力与桌面对物体的支持力

D 、物体对桌面的压力与物体所受的重力

20.如图所示，在水槽中有体积相等的甲、乙两个小球。甲球漂浮在水面，乙球

图 4 A 踢足球

B 投篮球

C 打羽毛球

D 划皮划艇

悬浮在水中。它们受到的浮力分别为F 甲和F 乙；它们的密度分别为ρ甲和ρ乙。

下列关于甲、乙受到的浮力和它们的密度的说法，正确的是 （ ）

A ．F 甲＞F 乙，ρ甲＞ρ乙

B ．F 甲＜F 乙，ρ甲＜ρ乙

C ．F 甲＞F 乙，ρ甲＜ρ乙

D ．F 甲＜F 乙，ρ甲＞ρ乙

21．如图所示，物体做匀速直线运动，拉力F=60牛，则物体受到的摩擦力是

（ ）

A ．60牛

B ．120牛

C ．20牛

D ．180牛

22．剪刀剪东西时，如果用剪刀的尖部去剪就不易剪断，而

用剪刀中部去剪就容易因为（ ）

A.增大了动力

B.减小了阻力

C.减小了阻力臂

D.增大了动力臂

23．飞机机翼初看好像是一个整体，实际上是由几部分组成的，如图。它的襟翼

可以绕轴向后下方、后上方偏转。飞行员在飞机上升、平稳飞行、下降和着陆减

速等过程中，是通过操纵杆改变襟翼的弯曲度来改变飞机的升力、阻力的。下图

是简化的机翼截面图，其中表现飞机上升的是（ ）

24．如图3所示，水平桌面上放着甲、乙、丙三个底面积相同的容器，若在三个

容器中装入质量相等的不同液体，三个容器底部所受液体的压力（ ）

A ．甲最大 B

．乙最大

C ．丙最大

D ．无法判断 图3 25.要使右图4所示的杠杆水平平衡，可采取的做法是 （ ）

A ．支点两端各减少一个钩码

B ．支点两端各增加一个钩码

C ．支点左端增加一个钩码

D ．支点左端减少一个钩码 图4

26．小杰同学在游玩海底世界时，观察到鱼嘴里吐出的气泡上升时的情况如

图5所示，对气泡上升时受到的浮力和气泡内气体压强分析正确的是

（ ）

A ．浮力不变，压强不变

B ．浮力变小，压强变小

C ．浮力变大，压强变大

D ．浮力变大，压强变小

27．在大气压为1.013×105Pa 房间里做托里拆利实验，发现管内水银柱的高度仅

750mm

，其原因可能是 （ ）

A ．玻璃管太长了

B ．玻璃管倾斜了 甲 乙 丙

C ．玻璃管上端进入少量空气

D ．玻璃管太粗了

二、填空题

28．现代社会的交通运输是国家的经济命脉,武汉至十堰的汉十高速公路已于2006年全线通车，了解一些高速公路上的行车常识很有必要。

(1)当汽车在平直的高速公路上匀速前进时, 汽车受到了____ _对平衡力的作用。

(2)为了防止高速行驶的汽车紧急刹车时乘员由于_____ ___而撞伤,公安部门要求小型客车的驾驶员和前排乘客必须使用安全带,在汽车紧急刹车时,安全带起缓冲作用,防止人向前撞到车的其他部件上受伤。

(3)高速公路上为避免发生汽车追尾事故,有关部门在路边竖立有距离确认牌。从确认牌开始,沿路分别竖有50m 、100m 、200m 标志牌。小明为了估测所乘汽车的速度,他用手表测出汽车从确认牌到200m 标志牌的时间为5s,则他估测汽车的平均速度为_____ __米/秒,合________ 千米/时。

29.有些饮料瓶的塑料盖的外缘有竖条纹，制作这些条纹的目的是 ,吸钢笔墨水

时，先用手捏笔胆排除里面的空气，松手后墨水在_ 的作用下进入笔胆。

30.铁道部门禁止行人在铁道边黄线内行走，这是为了避免快速行驶的列车使得周围的空气流速 ，压强 ，发生行人卷入列车车底下的事故。

31.液体压强产生的原因是 ，在50m 深的水底受到的压强为 。（g=10N/kg ）

32.某初三的一个兴趣小组在一次“十堰水土流失情况调查”的实践活动中，将一根长20cm 、底面积5cm 2的圆柱棒放入装有自来水的桶里，发现该棒恰好悬浮，则该棒受到的浮力为 N ，棒的重力是 N 。（已知自来水的密度为1×103kg/m 3，g ＝10N/kg ）

三、作图与实验题

33、(1)请在图中画出奥运吉祥物“福娃”所受重力示意图。

(2)图中O 是杠杆的支点，在图中画出动力F1的力臂。

(3)如图，一个站在地面上的工人利用滑轮组将重物G 提起来，请将它们连接起来。

(4)如图9所示，物体在粗糙的水平地面上向右运动，试画出物体受到摩擦力的示意图。

34、如图1

所示用一把刻度尺和两块三角

板测一枚硬币直径的示意图，由图示可知刻度

尺分度值是 ，硬币的直径是 cm 。

L

35.如图所示为“探究阿基米德原理”的实验步骤示意图。

（1）A图是为了测量物体的力的大小；C图中弹簧测力计的示数比A图中弹簧测力计的示数（填“大”或“小”），通过两次读数差可以求出的

大小，就可以得出结论。

（2）图示的实验步骤有疏漏，正确的做法

是在B图所示的步骤之前，先用弹簧测力

计测出的重力大小。

四.计算题

36如图所示是中国女子冰壶队参加2010年冬奥会时的一个情景。冰壶由花岗岩凿磨而成，质量约为19Kg，与冰道接触的底面积约为0.02m2，冰壶的体积约为8X10－3m3。（g取10N/Kg）

求：（1）冰壶的密度

（2）冰壶对水平冰道的压强。

37．轿车从某地往南宁方向匀速行驶．当到达A地时，车内的钟表显

示为10时15分；到达B地时，钟表显示为10时45分．求：

(1)轿车从A地到B地用多少小时?

(2)轿车从A地到B地的速度；

(3)若轿车仍以该速度继续匀速行驶，从B地到达南宁需要多长时间．

38. 一个不规则的实心物体，质量55g，放入装满纯水的烧杯中，沉入底部，排开0.5N的水。然后向烧杯中加盐并搅拌，直到物体悬浮为止。g=10N/kg）求：（1）物体在纯水中所受的浮力；

（2）物体的体积：

（3）物体悬浮时盐水的密度。

1A2C3C4D5B6D8D9B10B11A12C13C14A15D16B17B18A19B20B21D22C23A24 A25A26D27C 28.2惯性40_144 29增大摩擦力大气压强30.增大减小31液体受到重力5X10532 1 1 34 0.1cm 2.25

35.重小浮力空桶

2017管理类联考英语(二)试卷结构及考试大纲

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