英语四级翻译考点总结

英语比较结构具体考点：

特殊结构A is to B what / as X is Y ; A+倍数或几分之几as + adj. / adv. + as +B.

难点结构：as+adj.+n.+as分句和as much/many + 名词+ as 分句The work is not as difficult as you think.

This book is twice as thick as that one.

George is as efficient worker as Jack. = George is a worker(who is) as efficient as Jack.

I don’t want as expensive a car as this = I don’t want a car as expensive as this

I can’t drink as sweet coffee as this=I can’t drink coffee as sweet as this. He took as much butter as he needed.

She has written as many essays as her brother( has).

特殊结构：the more … the more (越……越……)；more and more （越来越）

This question is less difficult than that question. (比较对象为彼此独立的人或事物)

Iron is more useful than any other metal. (比较对象具有所属关系, 含有

最高级含义)

The city is becoming more and more beautiful.

superior, inferior , senior , junior , major , minor

He is three years senior to me.

This type of computer is superior to that type.

The Y angtze River is the longest river in China, but it is the third longest river in the world.

The youngest member of the family is most successful.

Of all forms of energy, electricity is most widely used.

There are more wonders in heaven and earth than are dreamt of. ( than=than what…)

天地间的奇迹比人们所梦想的要多得多。

The medicine is more effective than is expected.

dead, deaf, empty, total, whole, perfect, complete, right, wrong, equal, daily false, final absolute, alone, round, pregnant, square, supreme, unique, straight, eternal, unanimous

more than 其含义为: “不仅是，非常，十分”等，用法和意义较多。more …than其含义可以是: “与其说……不如说，不是……而是”What we are doing today is more than donating some money.

今天我们所做的不只是捐一些钱。

Their action was more than justified. 他们的行动是完全有理由的。

He is more brave than wise. 他有勇无谋。

The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar.

这本书看起来与其说是一本语法书，不如说是一本词典。

no more than 强调少，意为“只有，不过，仅仅”

not more than 客观叙述，意为“不超过”

He has no more than five dollars on him.他身上仅有5美元。（强调少）He has not more than five dollars on him.他身上带的钱不超过仅有5美元。（强调数额少于5美元）

no more … than含有消极否定的意思，可译为“A与B都不…，不… 也

不”

not more … than 含有积极、肯定的意思，表示程度上的差异。

He is no more diligent than you. 他不勤奋，你也不勤奋。（两人都不勤奋）

He is not more diligent than you.他没有像你那样勤奋。（两人都勤奋，但你更勤奋）

no less than = as much as 意为：“竟有…之多，多达”强调多

not less than 意为“不少于，至少”，可观地描述

no less … than 前后均为肯定，含有惊奇的感情色彩。可译为：“是…是，正是，和… 一样, 多达，应有…之多”

His son has read no less than 50 English books. 他的儿子竟然读了50本英文书。（强调多）

His son has read not less than 50 English books. 他的儿子读了不少于50本英文书。（不强调多或少）

The middle-aged man was no less a person than the new minister. 这位中年人正是新来的部长。

Her voice is no less sweet than it used to be. 她的歌声和以前一样甜美。

补充：not so much… as

It wasn’t so much his appearance I liked as his personalit y.

It wasn’t so much that I disliked her as that I just wasn’t interested.

1. rather than 与would 连用时，构成“would rather...than...”句式，意思是“宁愿……而不愿……”，表示主观愿望，即在两者之中选择其一。例如：She'd rather die than lose the children. 她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。

2. rather than 不与would连用时，表示客观事实，意为“是……而不是……；与其……不如……”。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。

He is an explorer rather than a sailor.

She enjoys singing rather than dancing

3.prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.“宁愿做...而不做...” I prefer to watch TV rather than go out.我宁愿呆在家里也不出去。

4.prefer＋that从句“宁愿”（从句一般用虚拟语气）I prefer that you should do it.我宁愿你做这件事。

5.Prefer sth. to sth.“宁愿做...而不做...”. I prefer tea to milk.我宁愿喝茶也不喝牛奶。I prefer watching TV to going out. 我宁愿看电视也不出去。

I prefer to go at once.我愿意马上就走。prefer sb. to do “愿意某人做” I prefer you to go at once.我倒希望你马上就走。

7.prefer＋名词或动名词“宁愿”，“更喜欢”。He comes from Shanghai, so he prefers rice. 他是上海人，因此更喜欢吃米饭。I prefer going by bike.我宁愿骑单车去。I prefer the white one.我喜欢那个白的。

倒装结构

某些表示否定意义的副词或副词短语位于句首，表示强调，句子要求用倒装结构。常见的这类副词或副词短语有：never，seldom ，rarely，no sooner．．．than，hardly／scarcely／barely．．．when，no，little，nowhere，not，hardly，no longer，not until，not only．．．but also等等。

1、never，rarely，seldom位于句首，用于进行"比较"，句子要求用倒装结构。例如：

Never before that night had I felt the extent of my own power．

2、no sooner ．．．than，hardly ／scarcely／barely ．．．when位于句首，表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生，句子要求用倒装结构。例如：Hardly had he opened his eyes when she told him that it was time for

Scarcely had it grown dark when she realized it was too late to go home．3、在由neither，nor开头、引导的表示"前面所说的情况也适用于另一人（或事物）"的句子中，要求用倒装结构，neither，nor为"否定的附和"。例如：

The customer complained that the dining table had not been delivered yet，and neither had the chairs．

I could not persuade him to accept it，nor could I make him see the importance of it．

但是，neither用作主语或主语的一部分时，不用倒装结构。例如：Neither of the two books holds the opinion that the danger of nuclear war is increasing．

Neither of the young men who had applied for a position in the university was accepted．

4、含有not until的强调句，如果not until位于句首，句子要求用倒装结构，如果是主从复合句，倒装结构出现在主句中。例如：

1）Not until the game had begun did he arrive at the sports ground．

2）Not until then did he come to realize the seriousness of the situation．5、其他表示否定意义的副词或副词短语位于句首，句子要求用倒装结构。例如：

1）Little did we suspect that the district was so rich in mineral resources．2）Nowhere has the world ever seen such great enthusiasm for learning as

6、含有"no"、表示否定意义的介词短语位于句首，句子要求用倒装结构。常见的这类介词短语有：at no point（决不），at no time，by no means，in no case，in no circumstances，in no sense，in no shape，in no way，in no wise，on no account，on no consideration，under no circumstan ces，in no time（立刻），in vain（徒劳），not once，still less 等等。例如：

1）We have been told that under no circumstances may we use the telephone in the office for personal affairs．

2）At no time and in no circumstances should a Communist place his personal interest first．

在以下列副词及连接词开头的句子中，要求用倒装结构。常见的副词有：only，so，here，there，now，often，then，down，out，in，up，hence，thus，well，off，away，twice，gladly，many a time等等。

1、在由only开头的句子中，only后面紧跟用作状语的副词、介词或从句，要求用倒装结构。例如：

1）Only by shouting at the top of his voice was he able to make himself heard．

2）Only under special circumstances are freshmen permitted to take make-up tests．

如果only在句首，但是only后面没有紧跟用作状语的副词、介词或从句，则不用倒装结构。

2、在由so开头、引导的表示"前面所说的情况也适用于另一人（或事物）"的句子中，要求用倒装结构，so为"肯定的附和"。例如：

John had been working hard and so had his brother．

3、由there引起的句子，要求用倒装结构。例如：

1）The door opened and there entered a young man in a blue uniform．

4、由there或now引起的句子、谓语为come（go）的句子，要求用倒装结构。例如：

1）There comes the bus．

2）Now comes your turn．

5、由here引起的句子、谓语为be的句子，要求用倒装结构。例如： 1）Here are some good newly-published novels．

2）Here is China's largest tropical forest．

但是，如果主语是人称代词时，由here和there引出的句子也不用倒装结构。例如：

1）Here we are．

2）Here you are．

6、由then引起的句子、谓语为come（follow）的句子，要求用倒装结构。例如：

1）T hen come wind，hail and fros t．

2）Then came a new difficulty．

7、由often引起的句子，要求用倒装结构。例如：

Often did we warn them not to do so．

1、在含有were，had，should的虚拟条件状语中，如果省略了连接词if，要求用倒装结构。例如：

1）Were she to leave right now，she would get there on Sunday． 2）Were they to arrive before we depart the day after tomorrow，we should have a wonderful dinner party．

3）Had he worked harder，he would have got through the exams．2、在表示祝愿的句子中，往往要求用倒装句。常常将助动词提前或直接将谓语动词置于主语前面，表示祝愿。例如：

1）May this book in a small way help to improve your English．

2）Long live friendship！

在比较状语从句中，如果主语不是人称代词，常常可以在主语前添加助动词do（be）代替前面出现过的动词。这时，比较对象放在这个do（be）后面，形成一种部分倒装的形式；

1）He always spends more time on that useless matter than do the others．

2）The living standard of the people is higher than was the case ten years ago．

The more you explain, the more confused I am.

在由no matter how，however和how引导的方式状语从句中，其后的形容词、副词应随其移至主谓语之前，而形成部分倒装。例如：

1）However hard he tried，he still failed in the entrance exam．

2）No matter how badly they had slept she was always up early．

1）So far does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed．

2）So suddenly was the attack that we had no time to escape．

3）So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him．

1）A very capable young man he is．

4）Standing beside the table was an interpreter．

当一个句子包含一个带补语的复合谓语，而补语又被what或how修饰时，要求用倒装结构。例如：

1）What a great project it is！

2）How beautiful these hills look with the clouds behind them ！

虚拟语气的考点可以归纳如下：

1. (should)+动词原形的情形(已考)

2. if或but for等引导的条件句(已考)

3. wish, if only, it is time…的用法

(should)+动词原形的情形

1．在动词suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist, require, decide, promise, resolve, argue, maintain, determine, recommend, advise, advocate, persuade等表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”动词后的宾语从句中。

She insisted that the seats (should) be booked in advance. 她坚持要预定座位。

He advised that the doctor (should) be sent for. 他劝我们派人请医生。注：如果上述动词作其他意思解释，或者说话者认为所讲的事是事实，要用陈述语气。

When asked why he declined our invitation, he suggested that he was not on good terms with the director.

真题重现

【CET-4:2006.6】The professor required that __________________(我们交研究报告)。

参考答案：we hand in our research report(s)

2．在advice, demand, order, necessity, resolution, decision, proposal, requirement, suggestion, idea, recommendation, request, plan,等名词后

的主语从句或表语从句中------上面(情形1)动词对应的名词

He issued the order that the troops (should) withdraw at once. 他命令部队马上撤退。

3．在形容词important, necessary, imperative, natural, urgent, essential, appropriate, desirable, vital, advisable, preferable, incredible以及短语no wonder, a pity等可以构成“It is +形容词（名词）+that”句型中。

It is necessary that some immediate effort (should) be made. 必须立即采取行动。

真题重现

【CET-6:2007.6】It is absolutely unfair that these children ______(被剥夺了受教育的权利).

参考答案：These children (should) be deprived of the right to receive education.

if或but for等引导的条件句★★★

if引导虚拟条件句的用法

He wouldn’t feel so cold if he were indoors.他要是在室内就不会觉得冷了。（与现在事实相反）

I am sorry I am very busy just now. If I had time, I would certainly go to the movies with you.

我很抱歉，现在很忙。如果有时间，我肯定陪你去看电影了。（与现在事实相反）

The conference wouldn’t have been so successful if we hadn’t made adequate preparations.

如果我们不做充分的准备，会议是不会开得这么成功的。（与过去事实相反）

If it snowed/were to snow/should snow tomorrow, I should (would) stay at home. 与将来事实相反

but for=i f it were not for…/if it had not been for…l

But for your help they would not have fulfilled the task in time.

真题重现【CET-4:2006.12】The victim _______________________(本来会有机会活下来)if he had been taken to hospital in time

参考答案：would have survived

【CET-6:2007.12】But for mobile phone, ____________________.

我们的通讯就不可能如此迅速和方便)

参考答案：our communication would not have been so efficient and convenient.

【CET-6:2007.1If you had ___________________(听从了我的忠告，你就不会陷入麻烦).

参考答案：followed my advice/suggestion, you would not have been in trouble.

It is (high, about) time …句型要求用虚拟语气

谓语动词用过去式，指现在或将来的情况，表示“早该干某事而已经有些晚了”。

★★It’s time_____________________(采取措施) about the traffic problem downtown.

something was done/some measures were taken

动词wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气

I wish she were here. 她在这里就好了。

I wish you would go with us tomorrow. 但愿你明天跟我们一块去。

I wish she had taken my advice. 那时她要是听我的话就好了。

if only后用虚拟语气（要是…就太好了）

If only she had known where to find you. 他要是知道到哪里去找你就好了。

If only I could speak several foreign languages!我要是能讲几种外语就好了！

大学英语四级翻译(全)

英语四级翻译常用词汇：123个中文高频成语翻译 Automation 1502 YuDeyu 一、复习建议： 1. 加强历史、文化、经济以及社会发展相关热词的积累 2. 广撒网，学习、揣摩这些话题相关的难点单句训练 做这些单句训练时，先阅读1遍整个段落，专门挑出自己觉得比较难翻的句子，然后重点练习这一句的翻译。难句会了，简单句自然不在话下。 在做单句翻译时，先尝试自己翻，翻完以后，对照答案，看解析，总结和揣摩其中好的 词汇和表达。下面请大家跟着教研君给出的常考单句示例，具体学习吧~ 1. 对于大多数年轻人来说，结婚意味着独立组建家庭，然而物价的不断上涨使这一切 变得越来越困难。 参考译文：For most young people, marriage means s etting up a family independently, which has become increasingly difficult because of the constantly rising prices. 词汇点评： 组建家庭：set up a family。有同学容易使用start a family。start a family表示begin to have children“开始生儿育女”。 越来越：一般看到“越来越”大家习惯译为more and more，比如“越来越多的人”more and more people，但译为 a growing number of people可令人眼前为之一亮；而表达“变 得越来越”的含义时，使用become increasingly的译法更好。 物价的不断上涨：constantly rising prices，而不是price rising。 表达点评： 本句是一个表转折关系的并列句，后半句中的“物价的不断上涨使这一切……”中的“这一切”指代前半句中提到的“结婚意味着独立组建家庭”，因此，用which引导的非限制性定语从句，让整个句子简洁明了。 使字句的翻译：“物价的不断上涨”是“这一切变得困难”的原因，因此处理为原因状 语，用because of…来带出原因。 2. 过去十年中国房地产（real estate）行业高速发展。 参考译文：The past decade has witnessed a high-speed development in China's real estate. 词汇点评： 十年：decade 高速发展：develop rapidly; high-speed development 表达点评：

历年大学英语四级翻译真试题及范文答案、、、、

历年大学英语四级翻译真试题及范文答案、、、、

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