最好最全的虚拟语气,省略,替代,倒装高考题练习附答案
一、虚拟语气(subjunctive mood)
虚拟语气表示说话人的难以实现的愿望或假设，或者表达建议，命令，劝告等语气，不表示客观事实。虚拟语气是通过谓语动词的词性变换来实现的。
I.带If条件句的虚拟语气
1．If条件从句谓语动词形式
2．主句谓语动词形式
3．需要注意的几点重要问题
1)should通常只用于第一人称，would可用于任何人称。有时候也可用might, could。
2)一般情况下，主从句所指的时间是一致的，但有时候也可能不一致，这时候应对主句
和从句的时间分别进行分析，从而确定主从句谓语动词各自的正确形式。
1)If you had taken his advice, you wouldn’t be in such a big tro uble now.
2)If I had finished my homework yesterday, I would go out with you tomorrow.
3)当If条件句中含有were, had, should的时候，可以省略if，并将were, had, 或should
移到句首形成倒装，句子的其余部分保持不变。
1)Had she got more money, she would have finished his MA study.
2)Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.
3)Were I in school again, I would work harder.
4)Were I to meet him tomorrow, I should ask him about the result.
II.含蓄条件句
有些条件句中并不出现if，而是使用介词短语（but for; with; without等）或是连接词（but; but that; or; otherwise等），此时并不是全句都需要使用虚拟语气，要根据具体的句意来确定句子应该使用虚拟语气的部分，并按照含有if条件句虚拟语气的主句谓语动词变换规则进行动词变换。
1)But for the rain, we should have a pleasant picnic. （主句与现在事实相反）
2)Without air, there would be no living things. （主句与现在事实相反）
3)With favorable wind, we might have got there two days before.（主句与过去事实相）
4)I would have given you more help, but I was really very busy. (主句用虚拟语气，but
分句用陈述语气)
5)I would go abroad but that I don't have enough money. (主句用虚拟语气；but that分
句用陈述语气)
6)She eats too much every day, or she would be thinner. (主句用陈述语气；or分句用虚
拟语气)
7)I was busy, otherwise I would have given you more help. (主句用陈述语气；otherwise
分句用虚拟语气)
III.虚拟语气在其他从句或句型结构中的运用
1．It is (high；about) time (that) … 是该。。。的时候了
That引导的从句中的谓语动词多用过去式或过去进行时，或者是should; could + do (should; could不能省略)
1)It is high time that we left.
2)It is about we should take further actions.
2．would rather | would just as soon +that … (宁愿。。。)
that从句谓语动词用过去时表示现在或将来；用过去完成时表示过去。注意would有时候会被缩写为’d。
1)I would rather you paid me now.
2)I would rather you painted the wall next time.
3)I would rather you had not done that.
3．If it were not for … 如果没有。。。If it had no t been for … 如果当时没有在If it were not for中，主句谓语动词用should; would + do
在If it had not been for中，逐句谓语动词用should; would have + done
1)If it were not for the rain, the crops should die.
2)If it had not been for your help, I would have failed.
4．在表示要求，建议，命令等的主语从句，宾语从句，同位语从句，表语从句中在上述四种从句中，从句的谓语动词要采用(should) + do。引起这类意思的从句的动
词常用的有：suggest (suggestion), require (requirement), order(order), insist (insistence), advise (advice), propose (proposal), command (command), demand (demand), request (request), desire (desire)等。下面以suggest为例，分别举例说明在这四种从句中的具体使用。
1)He suggests that the meeting should be postponed.
2)It is suggested that the meeting should be postponed.
3)The suggestion that the meeting should be postponed was rejected.
4)His suggestion is that the meeting should be postponed.
另外，在此种情况下的主语从句中，还应该注意下列结构：
It is necessary that …(should) do…
此处和necessary用法相似的形容词还有important; natural; desirable; advisable; strange;
urgent; preferable等。
It is a pity that … (should) do …
此处和pity用法相似的形容词还有shame; wonder等。
5．在wish（。。。就好了/但愿。。。）; if only （。。。就好了）; as if/though（好像/似乎）引导的从句中
这类词引导的从句的谓语动词都不受主句时态的影响，遵循下面的规则：
2)I wish I had taken that exam.
3)I wish you could go with me.
4)It looks as if it might rain.
5)He talked about Mike as if he had known him before.
6)If only I were a bird.
7)If only I had taken his advice.
6．在even if; what if; imagine引导的从句中
从句谓语动词变化规则同if条件句的变化规则。
1)Even if he were wrong, you should not treat him like that.
2)What if you came tomorrow instead of today?
3)That was nice, but what if you had not finished it?
4)Imagine that we were on a lonely island.
注：区分even if和even though
Even if he were thirty, he would behave like a kid.
Even though he is thirty, he still behaves like a kid.
Even if he would get all A record, he might fail to get the job.
Even though he got all A record, he failed to get the job.
7．在in case万一；lest以免；for feat that …恐怕引导的从句中
在这些从句当中，谓语动词应该用should + do
1)He took his raincoat in case it should rain.
2)She put a blanket over the baby for feat that he should catch cold.
3)He tiptoed lest he should wake up the baby.
8．用had wanted | had hoped | had expected等引起的从句中
表示原来希望做到而实际上未能做到的事情，其宾语从句谓语动词用would do。
1)I had hoped that I had called you last night.
2)I had expected that I would go with you tomorrow.
注：这类动词后面更多采用动词不定式作宾语，句意不变。如：
1)I had hoped to call you last night.
2)I had expected to go with you tomorrow.
9．由providing | provided (that); on condition that引导的从句中
根据情况，可用虚拟语气，遵循if条件句谓语动词变换规则。
1)Provided they were given enough time, they would finish the work earlier.
2)They would not be in trouble on condition that they had taken my advice.
IV.情态动词+ have done
此类结构是否属于虚拟语气的范畴，目前还没存在争议。但不管怎样，这种结构经常单独或者和上面谈到的虚拟语气一起出现在试题当中。故在此将此类用法做一总结。1.would have done
表示对已发生事情的可能猜测，多用于虚拟语气中。
Something must have happened on their way here. Or they would have arrived by now. 2.may | might have done
表示对已发生事情的可能猜测，一般与虚拟语气无关。
I cannot find the recorder in the room. It may have been taken by somebody.
3.must have done
表示对已发生事情的肯定的，把握性非常大的推测。
Since the road is wet and slippery this morning, it must have rained last night.
4.can’t have done
表示对已发生事情的把握性非常大的否定判断。是must have done的反义词。
Y ou can’t have seen her here yesterday; she’s been out of town for two weeks.
5.could have done
表示有能力做但实际上却并没有做一件事情。译为“本来可以…”。
I could have told him a lot about his family’s past.
注：was able to do表示有能力而且也成功的做了一件事情。如：
I was able to tell him a lot about his family’s past.
6.should have done | shouldn’t have done
表示应该做的事情没有做| 不该做的事情却做了。
Y ou should have checked the time before we start.
Y ou shouldn’t have trusted him so easily.
7.needn’t have done
表示做了一些本来不必要做的事情。译为“本不必”。
Y ou needn’t have trusted him so well.
虚拟语气的考点归纳如下：
1. (should)+动词原形的情形
2. if或but for等引导的条件句
3. wish, if only, it is time…的用法
(should)+动词原形的情形
1．在动词suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist, require, decide, promise, resolve, argue, maintain, determine, recommend, advise, advocate, persuade等表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”动词后的宾语从句中。
She insisted that the seats (should) be booked in advance. 她坚持要预定座位。
He advised that the doctor (should) be sent for. 他劝我们派人请医生。
注：如果上述动词作其他意思解释，或者说话者认为所讲的事是事实，要用陈述语气。When asked why he declined our invitation, he suggested that he was not on good terms with the director.
真题重现
【】The professor required that __________________(我们交研究报告)。
参考答案：we hand in our research report(s)
2．在advice, demand, order, necessity, resolution, decision, proposal, requirement, suggestion, idea, recommendation, request, plan,等名词后的主语从句或表语从句中------上面(情形1)动词对应的名词
He issued the order that the troops (should) withdraw at once. 他命令部队马上撤退。
3．在形容词important, necessary, imperative, natural, urgent, essential, appropriate, desirable, vital, advisable, preferable, incredible以及短语no wonder, a pity等可以构成“It is +形容词（名词）+that”句型中。
It is necessary that some immediate effort (should) be made. 必须立即采取行动。
真题重现
【】It is absolutely unfair that these children ______(被剥夺了受教育的权利).
参考答案：(should) be deprived of the right to receive education.
if或but for等引导的条件句★★★
He wouldn’t feel so cold if he were indoors.他要是在室内就不会觉得冷了。（与现在事实相
反）
I am sorry I am very busy just now. If I had time, I would certainly go to the movies with you. 我很抱歉，现在很忙。如果有时间，我肯定陪你去看电影了。（与现在事实相反）
The conference wouldn’t have been so successful if we hadn’t made adequate preparations.
如果我们不做充分的准备，会议是不会开得这么成功的。（与过去事实相反）
If it snowed/were to snow/should snow tomorrow, I should (would) stay at home. 与将来事实相反
but for=if it were not for…/if it had not been for…
But for your help they would not have fulfilled the task in time.
真题重现【】The victim _______________________(本来会有机会活下来)if he had been taken to hospital in time
参考答案：would have survived
【】But for mobile phone, ____________________.
我们的通讯就不可能如此迅速和方便)
参考答案：our communication would not have been so efficient and convenient.
【】1If you had ___________________(听从了我的忠告，你就不会陷入麻烦).
参考答案：followed my advice/suggestion, you would not have been in trouble.
It is (high, about) time …句型要求用虚拟语气
谓语动词用过去式，指现在或将来的情况，表示“早该干某事而已经有些晚了”。
★★It ’s time_____________________(采取措施) about the traffic problem downtown. something was done/some measures were taken 动词wish 后的宾语从句用虚拟语气
I wish she were here. 她在这里就好了。
I wish you would go with us tomorrow. 但愿你明天跟我们一块去。 I wish she had taken my advice. 那时她要是听我的话就好了。 if only 后用虚拟语气（要是…就太好了） If only she had known where to find you. 他要是知道到哪里去找你就好了。 If only I could speak several foreign languages!我要是能讲几种外语就好了！
虚拟语气练习题
1. If only he ____quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie
2. How I wish every family ____a large house with a beautiful garden. A. has B. had C. will have D. had had
3. Y ou did not let me drive. If we ____in turn, you ____ so tired. A. drove; didn’t get B. drove; wouldn’t get
C. were driving; wouldn’t get
D. had driven ; wouldn’t have got 4. _____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Y angpu Bridge. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
5. I suggested the person _____ to be put into prison. A. refers B. referring C. referred D. refer
6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it____. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken
7. I insisted _____to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing ___ wrong with him. A. on him to go; should be B. he went; be C. he go; was D. he should to; is 8. ---Y our aunt invites you to the movies today. ---I had rather she ____ me tomorrow than today
A. tells
B. told
C. would tell
D. had told
9. ---Would you have called her up had it been possible. ---Y es, but I ____busy doing my homework
A. was
B. were
C. had been
D. would be 10. I was ill that day , otherwise I ____ the sports meet. A. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in
11. ___the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily. A. Had it not been for B. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for
12. If my lawyer ____here last Sunday , he ____ me from going. A. had been, would have prevented B. had been, would prevent C. were, prevent D. were, would have prevented 13. ____hard, he would have passed the exam. A. If he were to work B. Had he worked
C. Should he work
D. Were he to work
14. ____today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Were he to leave
B. If he had left
C. Did he to leave
D. Had he left
15. Had you listened to the doctor, you ____all right now.
A. are
B. were
C. would be
D. would have been
16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brother.
A. has come
B. did come
C. come
D. had come
17. He ____busy yesterday, or he ___you with your experiment.
A. was, had helped
B. was, would have helped
C. had been, would have helped
D. were, would have helped
18. If it ____for the snow, we____ the mountain yesterday.
A. were not, could have climb
B. were not, could climb
C. had not been, could have climbed
D. hadn’t been, could climb
19. Without electricity, human life ____quite difficult today.
A. is
B. will be
C. would have been
D. would be
20. ---I am going to tell her the news.
---I would as soon you _____her about it
A. didn’t tell
B. don’t tell
C. hadn’t tell
D. won’t tell
21. Mike’s father, as well as his mother, insisted he ____home
.
A. stayed
B. could stay
C. has stayed
D. stay
22. It was requested that the play ____again.
A. should put on
B. would put on
C. be put on
D. put on
23. She insisted that a doctor _____ immediately.
A. had sent for
B. send
C. be sent for
D. was sent
24. ---Did you scold him for his carelessness.
----Y es, but ____it
A. I’d rather not do
B. I’d rather not have done
C. I should’ t do
D. I’d better not do
25. If only I ___my car.
A. hadn’t lost
B. wouldn’t lose
C. didn’t lose
D. haven’t lost
26. But for water, it ____impossible to live in the earth.
A. is
B. would
C. were
D. wouldn’t be
27. I would rather you ____anything about it for the time being.
A. do
B. didn’t do
C. don’t
D. didn’t
28. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he ___their own son.
A. is
B. were
C. had been
D. should be
29. How the old people wish that they ____young once more.
A. were
B. could become
C. had been
D. should be
30. It is high time that we ____ a meeting to discuss this problem.
A. hold
B. held
C. have held
D. had held
31. The thief closed his eyes ____ he ____dying.
A. even if , was
B. though, would be
C. even, had been
D. as if, were
32. I wish that you ____ such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have
enjoyed the concert.
A. had not
B. did not have had
C. hadn’t had
D. hadn’t have
33. The chairman insisted that we ____the question again.
A. will discuss
B. to discuss
C. should discuss
D. will be discussed
34.He requested that the students ____them get in crops.
A. help
B. to help
C. helped
D. helping
35. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _____the rules.
A. obeys
B. obey
C. will obey
D. would obey
36. I wish I ____here then.
A. was
B. had been
C. were
D. would be
37. It is strange that he ____back so early.
A. came
B. will come
C. had come
D. should have come
38. Mother suggested that I ___my homework first before watching TV.
A. did
B. do
C. shall do
D. have done
39. My suggestion is that the meeting ____off till nest Sunday.
A. be put
B. put
C. should put
D. had been put
40. He is talking so much about America as if he ____ there.
A. had been
B. has been
C. was
D. been
41. The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before eleven.
A. must finish
B. would be finished
C. be finished
D. must be finished
42. ---So rry, Joe. I did not mean to…….
----Don’t call me ―Joe‖, I am Mr. Parker to you, and ____ you forget it!
A. do
B. didn’t
C. did
D. don’t
43. I did not attend the lecture by Pro. Jackson. I ____ but I ____ all this morning. A. would, have washed B. could, have been washing
C. would have, have been washing
D. could have, had washing
44. How I wish I ____ to repair the watch! I only made it worse.
A. had tried
B. hadn’t tried
C. have tried
D. didn’t try
45. ----How could I thank you enough?
----Don’t mention it. Any other man ____it.
A. must do
B. could do
C. would have done
D. should have done
46. Key European governments insist Iraq’s co-operation ____ good and military action______ to allow inspections to continue.
A. be, be delayed
B. is, delay
C. should be, be delayed
D. is , be delayed
47. If the hurricane had happened during the day-time, ____more deaths.
A. it would have been
B. it would be
C. there would be
D. there would have been
48. What the customers_____ from the company is that the goods ____ right to their h omes.
A. requested, deliver
B. demand, be delivered
C. request, should deliver
D. demand, delivered
49. If law-breakers _____ the society will be in disorder.
A. made unpunished
B. came unpunished
C. went unpunished
D. not punished
50. We took a taxi to the airport. Otherwise we ____late.
A. would be
B. were
C. will be
D. would have been
51. Supposing he never ____, what would happen then.
A. come
B. came
C. would come
D. will come
52. What do you think his proposal that we ____ a play at the English meeting.
A. had put on
B. should put on
C. have put on
D. will put on
53. I hope that you ____ right.
A. will be
B. should be
C. were
D. would be
54. As you know, I am a disabled man, but I would be happy if I ___of service to you.
A. am
B. have been
C. should be
D. would be
55. He insisted that we ____early the next morning.
A. start
B. started
C. would start
D. had started
56. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brot her.
A. has come
B. did come
C. had come
D. came
57. We ____last night, but we went to the cinema instead.
A. must have studied
B. might study
C. would study
D. would have studied
58. If it _____the snow, we _____the Simian Mountain last week.
A. were not, could have climbed
B. were not, could climb
C. had not been , could have climbed
D. had not been, could climb
59. Without electricity human life ____quite different today.
A. is
B. will be
C. would have been
D. would be
60. I wish I _____ you yesterday.
A. seen
B. did see
C. had seen
D. were to see
61. He talks as if he ____for ages. A. is living there B. was living there C. has lived there D. had lived there
62. The judge ordered the thief ____punished.
A. should be
B. would be
C. was to be
D. must be
63. Her pale face suggested that she ____ ill, and her parents suggested that she _____
a medical examination.
A. be, should have
B. was, have
C. should, had
D. was, has
64. They are talking ____they had known each other for years.
A. as if
B. even if
C. like
D. because
65. Had you done as I told you, you____.
A. would succeed
B. would have succeeded
C. were to succeed
D. should succeed
66. ______your help, I ____the exam,
A. Without, will fail
B. If not , will fail
C. But for, would have failed
D. If it is not for, would have failed
67. I would rather you ____at once.
A. leave
B. will leave
C. left
D. should leave
68. ____today, she would arrive in New Y ork by Tuesday.
A. If he leaves
B. Would he have left
C. Was he leaving
D. Were he to leave
69. It is high time you ____ to school.
A. will go
B. would go
C. went
D. had gone
70. If he had taken the doctor’s advice, he _____been in hospital now.
A. shouldn’t
B. hadn’t
C. wouldn’t have
D. would not
71. It is necessary that he ____to the lab right now.
A. come
B. came
C. would come
D. is coming
72. But that he ____ it, he wouldn’t have believed it.
A. see
B. saw
C. had seen
D. sees
73. Their suggestion is that the wounded soldiers____ to hospital at once.
A. be sent
B. is sent
C. was sent
D. should send
74. I would buy that car but I ____enough money.
A. do not have
B. did not have
C. will not have
D. had not had
75. If only we____ about the danger, we couldn’t have joined you.
A. knew
B. had known
C. would know
D. should know
76. It was ordered that no smoking ____in the library.
A. was allowed
B. would be allowed
C. be allowed
D. had been allowed
77. ____you come earlier, you would have met him.
A. Should
B. would
C. Could
D. Had
78. ---Y ou should have finished your homework earlier.
----I know but I ____the time.
A. don’t have
B. didn’t have
C. won’t have
D. had not
79.He tried his best in everything,____he wouldn’t have been what he was.
A. otherwise
B. but
C. and
D. but that
80. How I wish I ____such a good chance before.
A. didn’t miss
B. hadn’t missed
C. met
D. have met
81. ___your letter, I would have started off two days ago.
A. If I could have received
B. If I received
C. Should I received
D. Had I received
82. I would ask Tom to lend us money if I ____ him. A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know
83. If it ____tomorrow, what shall we do?
A. rains
B. would rain
C. rained
D. should rain
84. If he ___come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
A. would
B. should
C. /
D. had
85. If he were to come tomorrow, things___ easier.
A. should be
B. would be
C. are
D. can be
86. If you ____that late movie last night, you would not be so sleepy now.
A. haven’t watched
B. didn’t watch
C. hadn’t watched
D. wouldn’t have watched
87. ____difficulties, we would be successful.
A. Should we overcome
B. Would we overcome
C. Might we overcome
D. Could we overcome
88. If only everything___ out, as we wanted it to in life.
A. is working
B. worked
C. works
D. has worked
89. Mary _____ to college last year. Unfortunately, she could not take the examinations because of a sudden illness.
A. could go
B. did go
C. could have gone
D. must have gone
90. I wish it ____ not so cold outside.
A. shall be
B. be
C. were
D. is
91. He insisted that we all ____ in his of fice at one o’clock.
A.be
B. to be
C. would be
D. shall be
92. He insisted that he ____ our car.
A. should steal
B. would steal
C. hadn’t stolen
D. steal
93. Their suggestion is that we____ go out for a walk.
A. can
B. have
C. shall
D. /
94. It is necessary that he ____ in time to attend the meeting.
A. come
B. came
C. would come
D. need come
95. I ____that she had left her home yesterday.
A. have thought
B. think
C. had thought
D. should think
96. We have been sitting doing nothing about it for days. It is time we ____the
problem.
A. shook hands with
B. got to brass tacks with
C. got to solve
D. reached the bottom of
97. He has just arrived, but he talks as if he ____ about that.
A. know
B. Knows
C. known
D. knew
98. In case I _____, I would try again.
A. will fail
B. would miss
C. should fail
D. shall fail
99. ____ I will marry him all the same.
A. Were he rich or poor
B. Be he rich or poor
C. Whether rich or poor
D. Being rich or poor
100. Without gravity, we ____ able to walk.
A. were
B. should be
C. can be
D. should not be
虚拟语气[历届高考题]
（84 统）1.If there were no subjunctive mood, English ___much easier.
A. will be b. would have been C. could have been D. would be
(85 统) 2.The guard at the gate insisted that every body ___the rules.
A.o beys
B. obey
C. will obey
D. would obey
(85 标) 3. ―The experiment had failed!‖
―I suggest you ___again.‖
A.try
B. trying
C. will try
D. would try
(85 标) 4. ―H e is a very brave man.‖
―Y es ,I wish I ___his courage.‖
A.have
B. had
C. will have
D. would have
(86 统) 5.If she had worked harder, she ___.
A.would succeed
B. had succeeded
C. should succeed
D. would have succeeded
(88 标) 6.I wish I ___you yesterday.
A.seen
B. did see
C. had seen
D. were to see
(89 标) 7.If my lawyer ___here last Saturday.
A.had been; would have prevented
B.h ad been; would prevent
C.w ere; would prevent
D.were; would have prevented
(91 标) 8.Without electricity human life ___quite different today.
A.i s
B. will be
C. would have be end d. would be
(93 标) 9.—If he ___,he ___that food.
--Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A.was warned; would not take
B.h ad been warned; would not have taken
C.w ould be warned; had not taken
D.would have been warned; had not taken
(94 统) 10.I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she ___,she would have met my brother.
A.had come
B. did come
C. came
D. had come
(95 统) 11.When a pencil is prtly in a glass of water . It looks as if it ___.
A.breaks b. had broken C. were broken D. had been broken
高考真题之虚拟语气
1.(1995年14)When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it .
A.breaks
B.has broken
C.were broken
D.had been broken
2.（1996年全国卷I19）Y ou didn't let me drive. If we in turn, you so tired.
A. drove, didn't get
B. drove; wouldn't get
C. were driving; wouldn't get
D. had driven; wouldn't have got
3.(2000年上海卷43) ---do you mind if I keep pets in this building?
---____.
A. I'd rather you didn't, actually.
B. Of course not, it's not allowed there.
C. Great! I love pets.
D. No, you can't.
4.(2000年上海卷60)If you had _____your test paper carefully before handing it in, you would have made fewer mistakes.
A. looked up
B. thought about
C. gone over
D. gone round
5.(2001上海卷40)What would have happened______, as far as the river bank?
A. Bob had walked farther
B. if Bob should walk farther
C. had Bob walked farther
D. if Bob walked farther
6.(02上海31)How I wish every family _____ a large house with a beautiful garden.
A. has
B. had
C. will have
D. had had
7.(20 37)It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I __________ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A. wouldn’t have fallen
B. had not
fallen
C. should fall
D. were to fall
8.(2002上海秋39)__________ be sent to work there?
A. Who do you suggest
B. Who do you suggest that should
C. Do you suggest who should
D. Do you suggest whom should
9.(04上海春招)Y ou might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ___
not like the design of the furniture.
A. must
B. shall
C. may
D. need
10.I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I _____ report it to the police?
A. should
B. may
C. will
D. can
11.(04辽宁)-Mum , I've been studying English since 8 o'clock. ＿＿I go out and play with Tom for a while ?
-No, I'm afraid not . Besides , it's raining outside now .
A．Can't B．Wouldn't C．May not D．Won't
12.(04天津)- Who is the girl standing over there ?
- Well , if you ＿＿know , her name is Mabel .
A. may
B. can
C. must
D. shall
13.I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.
A. should
B. might
C. would
D. could
14."The interest ＿＿be divided into five parts, according to the agreement
made by both sides," declared the judge.
A. may
B. should
C. must
D. shall
15.---- Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
---- Y ou _____ have my computer if you don't take care of it.
A. shan't
B. might not
C. needn't
D. shouldn't
16.(04江苏)--- I don't mind telling you what I know.
--- Y ou______. I'm not asking you for it.
A. mustn't
B. may not
C. can't
D. needn't
17.(04上海)Children under 12 years of age in that country ___ be under adult
supervision when is a public library.
A. must
B. may
C. can
D. need
18.(04湖北)---Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?
---Sorry , I am not sure . But it _____be.
A．might B．will C．must D．can
19.(04全国I)- Isn' t that Ann's husband over there?
- No, it ____ be him -I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses.
A. can't
B. must not
C. won't
D. may not
20.(04全国II) Y ou ______ be tired - you've only been working for an hour.
A. must not
B. won' t
C. can' t
D. may not
21.(04福建)---I'll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
---Y ou_____ her last week.
A．ought to tell B．would have
told
C．must tell D．should have
told
22.(04广西)Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn't' show up.
A. should have arrived
B. should arrive
C.shouldhave had arrived
D.should be arriving
23.(04福建)--How do you ______we go to Beijing for our holidays?
---I think we'd better fly there. It's much more comfortable.
A．insist B．want C．suppose D．suggest
24.(2006年福建32)The workers will go on strike if the demands they_______put forward
are turned down.
A.could B would C.不填 D.had
25.(2006年湖北31)____ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be
immediately cut off.
A. Would you be
B. Should you be
C. Could you be
D. Might you be
26. (2007 全国卷I)—How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?
—It ________ be, but it is now heavily polluted.
A. will
B. would
C. should
D. must
27.(2007 北京卷) In crowded places like airports and railway stations,you___ take
care of your luggage.
A. can
B. may
C. must
D. will
28.(2007 上海卷)The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we
go to work tomorrow.
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
29.(2007 上海卷)—Guess what! I have got A for my term paper.
—Great! Y ou ______ read widely and put a lot of work into it.
A. must
B. should
C. must have
D. should have
30.(2007 福建卷)My MP4 player isn’t in my bag. Where I have put it?
A.can
B.must
C.should
D.would
31.(2007 湖南卷)The biggest problem for most plants, which ________ just
get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them.
A. shan’t
B. can’t
C. needn’t
D. mustn’t
32.(2007 江苏卷)—She looks very happy. She ______ have passed the exam.
—I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.
A. should
B. could
C. must
D. might
33.(2007 江西卷)—Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.
—Y ou it in the wrong place.
A.must put
B.should have put
C.might put
D.might have put
34.(2007 陕西卷)As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings
in the area .
A.need repairing
B.needs to repair
C.needs repairing
D.need to repair
35.(2007 陕西卷)I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I
have driven her then
A.could
B.must
C.night
D.should
36.(2007 安徽卷)The teacher ______have thought Johnson was worth it or she
wouldn't have wasted time on him, I suppose.
A. should
B. can
C. would
D. must
37.(2007 四川卷)一What does the sign over there read?
一―No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area．‖A．will B．may C．shall D. must
38.(2007 浙江卷)—My cat’s really fat.
—Y ou ______ have given her so much food.
A. wouldn’t
B. couldn’t
C. shouldn’t
D. mustn’t
39.(2007 重庆卷)—What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
—Y ou ________ do anything except to be with them and be yourself.
A. don’t have to
B. ought n’t to
C. mustn’t
D. can’t
40.(2007 辽宁卷)—Turn off the TV, Jack.. ____ your homework now?
—Mum, just ten more minutes, please.
A.Should you be doing
B. Shouldn't you be doing
C. Couldn't you be doing
D. Will you be doing
41.(2009年天津卷15) This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down
within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A. would
B. should
C. could
D. might
42.. ---Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn't finish the assignment yesterday.
---Oh, you have done it as yesterday was the deadline.
A. must
B. mustn't
C. should
D. shouldn't
43.（10安徽26）. Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he_______
A. was busy
B. is busy
C. had been busy.
D. will be busy
44.（10湖南29）. If he my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.
A. followed
B. should follow
C. had followed
D. would follow
45..John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him.
A. should tell
B. tells
C. told
D. had told
46. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he_______ more on its culture.
A. focus
B. focused
C. would focus
D. had focused
47. If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
A. take
B. had taken
C. took
D. have taken
48.（10北京34）. --The weather has been very hot and dry.
--Y es. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now!
And my vegetables .
A. wouldn't die
B. didn't die
C. hadn't died
D. wouldn't have died
49.（10浙江10）．Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of
time and energy .
A．would have been saved B．had been saved C．will be saved D．was saved 50.Maybe if I ___ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you
more help.
A. studied
B. would study
C. had studied
D. was studying
51、- Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.
- I wish they _________ always late.
A. weren’t
B. hadn’t been
C. wouldn’t be
D. wouldn’t have been
52、I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.
A. had come
B. was coming
C. would come
D. would have come
53、We ______ John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
A. will put
B. will have put
C. would put
D. would have put
54、—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to the railway officials.
—How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone_______ it.
A. will have stolen
B. might have stolen
C. should have stolen
D. must have stolen
55、— What do you think of store shopping in the future?
—Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _____.
A. will never replace
B. would never replace
C. will never be replaced
D. would never be replaced
56、—Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.
—I____ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.
A.attended
B.had attended
C.would attend
D.would have attended
57、I__________through that bitter period without your generous help.
A. couldn’t have gone
B. didn’t go
C. wouldn’t go
D. hadn’t gone
二、省略（ellipsis）
高考常考内容:
1.省略主语，主谓语或主谓的一部分
2.不定式符号to的省略
3.不定式结构中动词的省略
4.状语从句中的省略
5.定语从句中关系词的省略
6.虚拟语气中if和should的省略
7.考查not, so, neither, nor的“替代性”省略
掌握好省略句，应注意以下几条：
1.感官动词或使役动词（如：notice, hear, let, make)等后接不定式作宾补时省略to,被动时to不能省略。
2.在prefer to do rather than…, cannot help but…do, nothing …but等句型中常省略to。
3.为避免重复，作某些动词（hope, want)等宾语或（tell, order, ask)的宾补时，省略不定式短语，只保留to.
4.应注意状语从句、定语从句中的省略。
5.注意not ,so ,neither, nor的“替代性”省略。
6.状语从句中，如果谓语含动词be,主语又与主句主语一致或主语是it,从句中主语和be一齐省略。
7.常见的省略形式：
（1）If （it is）possible[如果可能的话]；（2）If (it is) necessary[如果必要的话];
（3）If any: 例: Correct the mistakes in the passage if (there is) any (mistakes)
比较:Do you have anything to say? (不知道对方是否有话要说,)
Do you have something to say?(认为对方有话要说.)
一、替代省略
1. 用it, one, that，ones, those替代句子中重复出现的名词、代词或句子。
one是指代同名称的另一样东西(同类异物),代替前面句子中重复出现的可数名词;
that替代特指可数或不可数名词,后面常跟有in或of短语作后置定语;it指代同名称的同样事物(同类同物)。
例:One took a taxi, and the other walked home. I haven’t a book, can you lend me one？
2."So / Nor(Neither)+谓语+主语"这种句型是用来替代前面提到的情况,表明它也适用于后者。
例:He can’t do it, nor can I，nor can you, nor can anybody.
3．that引导的宾语从句省略时，可以省略从句的一部分，用so或not代替从句。例:——Is he coming back tonight? ——I think so.
——She must be busy now. ——If so, she can’t go with us.
——Is he feeling better today? ——I’m afraid not.
——Do you think he will attend the meeting？——I guess so.
特别是在动词appear, believe, expect, fear, hope, seem, suppose, trust, think,或词组be afraid 后面，表示肯定时用so,表示否定时可用not.
例：I think you’ll win the race; indeed we all think so.我认为你一定会赢得这场比赛，事实上我们都这样想。
I’m not sure she isn’t coming, but I suppose. 我不能肯定她不来，但我想是这样。
注意:命令句、惊叹句、部分第一人称的陈述句、部分问句和答句中省略最为常见。 例:Open the door!开门! Why not? 为什么不? Why so? 为什么这样?
Anybody wishing to go? 谁愿意去啊? How so？怎么会如此Is that so？真的吗?
二、结构省略
1．单词省略:
(1)不定式符号to的省略:
①四看(see watch, notice, look at),二听(hear, listen to),一感觉(feel),以及let, make, help,还有have之后的作宾补的不定式,但其被动语态中的to不能省略②词组do nothing but...,can't help but...,prefer to do sth. rather than do sth...., would do sth. rather than...,why not....等不定式中的to.
例: Though he had made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister.
注意:
I. 在下面四种情形下,为了避免重复,常承前省略不定式后的内容,但要保留不定式符号to.
①作hope, wish, like, want, expect, decide等宾语的不定式.
②作tell, ask, want, expect, warn等宾语补足语的不定式.
③在某些形容词,如: anxious, eager, willing等后作状语的不定式.
④在某些结构,如:be able to, ought to等后作复合谓语的不定式. II. 如果宾语是be动词或完成时态，则须在to之后加上be或have.
例：——Are you a teacher? ——No, but I want to be.
——He hasn’t finished the task yet. ——Well, he ought to have.
(2)表虚拟的名词性从句中should的省略:
①一坚持(insist),二命令(order, command),三建议(suggest, propose, advise ),
四要求(demand, require, request, ask)后的主语、宾语从句中.
②一个主意(idea),一个计划(plan),一个命令(order),三个建议(suggest, proposal, advice)等后的表语、同位语从句中.
③It is necessary(important, impossible, strange, natural, a pity, no wonder) that...主语从句中.
(3)虚拟条件句中,含助动词,情态动词,动词be或have等,若将它们提到句首,则须省略if。
(4)连词的省略: 引导宾语从句的连词that在口语中常常省略,或并列的宾语从句中的第一个连词that也能省略.
例: He said (that)he had come here an hour before and that he had lived in a hotel.
I’ll believe （that）you will succeed. It’s a pity （that）he’s leaving.
(5)复合句的省略
四. 靠上下文即可弄清楚意思的情况下：
（1）Never seen the film. 从未看过这部电影。
（2）——She is absent today. 今天她缺课。——Why？怎么啦？（3）——Where did you come from？你从那里来的？——Shanghai. 从上海。五．只含主语/谓语的单部分。例：Profits of Praise 赞扬的好处How to learn a foreign language 如何学外语。
(1)所有格之后的名词如为住宅、商店、工矿、教堂等可以省略。
例：She is going to her uncle’s (house). Today I met her at the tailor’s (shop).
(2)there + be结构中的引导词there以及谓语be，同时省略.
例：(There are)No gains without pains.不劳无获。(Is there)Anything wrong?怎么啦?
(3)独立主格结构中的分词如为being或having been时，则多省去不用，意义不受影响。例：The meeting(being)over, we all left the room.会议结束后我们都离开了房间。
Books (having been)carried, we went to our school.拿着书本我们就去上学了。
(4)两个或两个以上的动词不定式并列在一起时，第一个不定式带to，
后面的不定式可省去to。
例：Her job is to take care of the children and (to) wash clothes.
她的工作是照看孩子和洗衣服。
(5)主(宾)语补足语中的to be往往省略。
例：We found the problem(to be) serious.我们发现问题严重。
He was thought (to be) the cleverest boy in the group.大家认为在小组中他最聪明。
& 标题的简略法:
因为标题一般要求精简、生动、鲜明、醒目，因此多奖武官紧要的词语省去不用，而留下最重要的部分。而且省略后留下来的实义词一般都要用大写字母开头。
例：One Man No Man.个人是渺小的。Usher in the 21-st Century! 迎接21世纪的到来！
No Litter, Please! 请勿乱丢果皮纸屑！
Stop Police Attacks Against Blacks. 停止警察对黑人的暴行。
Ticket Holders Only! 凭票入场！No Admittance Except on Business! 闲人免进！
Slow Down, Look Around，and Cross！一慢，二看，三通过！
句子结构的省略(精炼版本) 1.在when, while, whenever, till,as soon as, if, unless, as if, though, as, whether引导的状语从句中，若谓语有be动词，而主语又跟主句主语相同或是it时，则主句的主语和be常可省略。
Though (he was)tired, he was not disheartened.
2. 在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词whom,who,which,that可省略。The girl (who\whom\that)the teacher spoke to is Liu Ying.。
3. 在know,think,consider,suppose,find,believe,say,decide等动词后的宾语从句中that可省略；若带有多个宾语从句，只有第一个可省略，其余的不可以省略。
4. 在与suggest\request\ order\advise等词相关的名词性从句中必须用虚拟语气。―should + v‖形式，should可省略。The officer ordered that his men (should) fire.
5.省略一个从句或从句的一部分，可用so 或not代替。常用于此类的动词有believe , think, expect, guess, hope, imagine, suppose, say, tell等以及appear, seem, afraid等。--- Is he feeling better today ?
--- I’m afraid not. (not = he feeling better today)
6.虚拟条件句谓语有were\had\should时，可省略if，把were\had\should移到主语之前,Were
I you, I would do the work better.
7.动词不定式的省略
1）只保留to的场合
a.不定式作某些动词的宾语，宾补或主补时，常见动词：like, love, care, hope, wish, expect, prefer, refuse, mean, try, advise, persuade, agree, want, afford, forget, remember, manage等。She wants to come but her parents won’t allow her to.、
b.作某些形容词的状语时，常见的形容词：happy, glad, eager, anxious, willing, ready等。I think she should get a job, but you can’t force her if she’s not ready to.
c.常见结构如：be able to , be going to, have to, ought to, used to 中。但当不定式是作助动词用的have或be的形式时，要保留到原形have或be. He did not come, but he ought to have (come).
He is not the man he used to be.
2)不定式符号to的省略
1. 主语部分有to do, 系动词是is\was时，作表语的不定式省略to。
The only thing you have to do is (to ) press the button.
2. 作介词but, except, besides的宾语，前面有实义动词do的各种形式时，常省to.
Tom had nothing to do besides answer letters this morning.今天上午汤姆除了复信什么也没做。
3. 当两个或多个不定式并列时，其后的不定式符号可省略。但有对比关系时不可省。It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.
4. 在see, watch, notice, hear, listen to, look at, feel, have, make, let, leave, observe等词后作宾语补足语时和would rather…than…why (not) do，had better结构后，省略to.
高考真题
1. When first________to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (2004全国卷II)
A. introducing
B. introduced
C. introduce
D. being introduced
2. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss. (2004全国卷IV)
A. questioning
B. having questioned
C. Questioned
D. to be questioned
3. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if __ whether he was going in the right direction. (2003 安徽春)
A. seeing
B. having seen
C. to have seen
D. to see
4. Generally speaking, ________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. (NMET2003上海卷)
A. when taking
B. when taken
C. when to take
D. when to be taken
5. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. (2003上海春)
A. Invited
B. inviting
C. being invited
D. having invited
6. When ________ , the museum will be open to the public next year. (02上海)
A. completed
B. completing
C. being completed
D. to be completed
7. Though ________ money, his parents managed to send him to university. (2002上海卷)
A. lacked
B. lacking of
C. Lacking
D. lacked in
8. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it. (2002)
A. begins
B. having begun
C. beginning
D. begun
9. —Y ou 're always working. Come on, let's go shopping.
—________ you ever want to do is going shopping.
A. Anything
B. Something
C. All
D. That
10. Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?( 2002上海春)
A. he explained
B. what he explained
C. how he explained
D. why he explained
11. What surprised me was not what he said but ________ he said it. (2004湖北卷)
A. the way
B. in the way that
C. in the way
D. the way which
12. That's an unpleasant thing to say about your father after ________ he's done for you. (04全国)
A. something
B.anything
C. all
D. that
13. -----Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?（2008安徽卷）
----- Y es, ________ , I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city.
A. If ever
B. If busy
C. If anything
D. If possible
14. – Who should be responsible for the accident?（2008福建卷）
--The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order ________ .
A. as told
B. as are told
C. as telling
D. as they told
15. ________ the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting.
A. Having searched
B. To search
C. Searching
D.Search
16. Are there any English story books for us students in the library?
— There are only a few, ________ .
A. if any
B. if there
C. if some
D. if has
17. — Would you like to go with us?— Y es, ________ .
A. I’d
B. I’d like
C. I’d like to
D. I’d like to do
18. — Would you like to have a try once again?—________ ____
A. Y es, I like
B. No, I don’t like it
C. Y es, I want very much
D. Y es, I’d like to
19. — What do you think made Mary so upset?— ________ her bicycle.
A. As she lost
B. Lost
C. Losing
D. Because of losing
20. — When did they get down to the job?— ________ .
A. Until they left
B. Till they arrived
C. Since they finished it
D. Not until they turned to me
21. He has made a lot of films, but ________ good ones. (2007北京)
A. any
B. some
C. few
D. many
22. ________ and I’ll get the work finished. (2006重庆)
A. Have one more hour
B. One more hour
C. Given one more hour
D. If I have one more hour
23.After he became conscious(清醒的), he remembered ________ and ________ on the head with a rod. (2006江西)
A. to attack; hit
B. to be attacked; to be hit
C. attacking; be hit
D. having been attacked; hit
24. The police found that the house ________ and a lot of things ____.(1990)
A. has broken into; has been stolen
B. had broken into; had been stolen
C. has been broken into; stolen
D. had been broken into; stolen 25. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and ________ . (2000北京)
A. the other is white
B. another white
C. the other white
D. another is white
26. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it. (2002)
A. begins
B. having begun
C. beginning
D. begun
27. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not ____ a native speaker. (2004上海)
A. as fluent as
B. more fluent than
C. so fluently as
D. much fluently than
28. No matter how frequently ____, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. (2006广东)
A performed B. performing C. to be performed D. being performed
29. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ________ every day. (2007四川)
A.watered
B. watering
C. water
D. to water
30.—Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?
— ________ .
A.I don’t believe
B.I don’t believe it
C.I believe not so
D.I believe not
31．----Tomorrow is a holiday. Why are you doing your homework?
-----I am doing these exercises now so that I won’t have ________ on Sunday.
A. it
B. them
C. for
D. to
32．----Shall I invite Ann to my birthday party tomorrow evening?
----Y es. It’ll be fine if you ________ .
A. are
B. can
C. invite
D. do
33. ---- Aren’t you the manager? ---- No, and I ________ _
A. don’t want to
34. ---I’ll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat?
---Not at all. ________ _.
A.I’ve no time
B. I’d rather not
C. I’d like it
D. I’d be glad to
35．---- Won’t you have another try?---- ________ .
A. Y es, I will have
B. Y es, I won’t have
C. Y es, I won’t
D. Yes, I will
36．-----I won’t do it any more.
----- ________ _?
A. Why not
B. Why don’t do any more
C.Why not do
D. Why don’t
37．----Do you think it will snow tomorrow? ---- ________ ?
A.I don’t think
B. No, I don’t think
C. I don’t think so
D. No, I don’t so
38．----Have you fed the cat? ----No, but ________ .
A. I’m
B. I am
C. I’m just going
D. I’Tm just going to
39.—Why do you want the book so much?
—________ , sir.
A. Studying
B. Studied
C. Studies
D. To study
40．—Will you go home tomorrow evening?
—No, I’m going to a lecture, or at least I am planning ________ .
A.so
B. to
C. it
D. that
41.—Is the boy very sick?—I’m afraid ________ .
A.it
B.this
C.so
D.that
42.We will have a meeting next week, but we don’t know________ .
A. who
B. where
C. as
D. which
43.He said ________ his sister had passed the college entrance examination,
and ________ she would go to college in about 20 days.
A. that; 不填
B. that; that
C. 不填; 不填
D. that; which
44.Although ________ to stop, he kept on working.
A. tell
B. telling
C. having told
D. told
虚拟语气 倒装句练习
虚拟语气练习题2（填空） 1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _______________(enjoy) the book from which it was made. 2.You are late. If you _______________(come) a few minutes earlier, you ______________(meet) him. 3.The two students talked as if they _____________(be) friends for years. 4.It is important that I _____________(be) with Mr. Williams immediately. 5.He looked as if he ______________(be) ill for a long time. 6.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not ____________________there for two hours. 7.I wish that I ____________(go) with you last night. 9.I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _______________(know) everything. 10.______________ the fog, we should have reached our school. 11.If you had told me in advance, I ______________(meet) him at the airport. 12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he_____________(teach) me how. 13.I would have told him the answer had it been possible, but I _____________(be) so busy then. 14.He’s working hard for fear that he ________________(fall) behind. 15.If it ______________ (rain) another ten minutes, the game would have been called off. 16.He suggested that they _______________ use a trick instead of fighting. 17.My father did not go to New York; the doctor suggested that he _______________(go) there. 18.I would have gone to the meeting if I _______________(have) time. 20.You look so tired tonight. It is time you __________________(go) to sleep. 21.—Why didn’t you buy a new car?—I would have bought one if I ____________(have) enough money. 23._________ he leave today, he would get there by Friday. 24.His doctor suggested that he _______________(take) a short trip abroad. 25.The Bakers arriv ed last night. If they’d only let us know earlier,we _______________(meet) him at the station. 26.If I ________ (be) you, I ___________________ (pay) more attention to English idioms and phrases. 27.We might have failed if you ________________ (give) us a helping hand. 28.The law requires that everyone ______________(have) his car checked at least once a year. 29.It is strange that he ______________(speak) so. 31.He has just arrived, but he talks as if he ______________(know) all about that. 32.If I _____________(possess) the money, I would have bought a much bigger car. 33.He was very busy yesterday; otherwise, he _________________(come) to the meeting. 34.The librarian insists that John _____________(take) no more books from the library before he returns all the books he has borrowed. 35.I left very early last night, but I wish I ______________(leave) so early. 36.I do not have a job. I would find one but I _____________(have) no time. 37.I wish that you ________________(have) such a b ad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert. 38.He insisted that we all __________(be) in his office at one o’clock. 39.Helen couldn’t go to France after all. That’s too bad. I’m sure she would have enjoyed it if she ___________(go). 40.I must go there earlier. John has suggested that I _______________(go) an hour before the discussion begins. 倒装句练习 1.Not until I began to work ________ I ___________(realize) how much time I had wasted. 2.Only by practising a few hours every day _______ you be able to master the language. 3.If you don't go，neither ____. 4.No sooner ______ I ______ (go) to the station ________ the train left. 5. —— Your father is very strict with you. So ________. He never lets off a single mistake of ours. 6. ______ he __________(leave) today，he would get there by Sunday.
2020年高考英语新题型写作技巧八 强调倒装虚拟语气句型和丰富细节的手段
2020年高考英语写作新题型备考技巧 专题（八）强调倒装虚拟句型+丰富文章细节的手段 特殊句型是英语书面表达中的高级句式，其中强调句和倒装句是较为常见的特殊句型。而虚拟语气也是高中较难掌握的句型之一。它们的准确使用能够彰显考生的英语水平，提高写作档次。 一．重点突出的强调句型 （一）强调句的基本句式结构为：It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/who + 句子其他成分。它可以强调除谓语动词外的其它任何成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。在续写和概写中灵活运用强调句不仅能突出重点、增强表达，更能彰显考生的英语运用能力。 It is just the so-called inconvenience that displays the richness, delicacy and great fascination of Chinese culture with a history of thousands of years. (2019年浙江高考书面表达) 在写作中运用强调句型可以采取以下步骤： 1.在一个写好的句子中找出需要强调的成分，如主语、宾语、状语等； 2.根据句子的时态确定is或was； 3.然后把要强调的成分套进句式里，It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/who + 句子其他成分。 例：We created a harmonious atmosphere with sincerity and faithfulness. 如果我们要强调状语，即with sincerity and faithfulness，在确定好时态was后，把需要强调的部分放在it was后，that后放除强调外的剩余成分便得到： It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere. （二）强调句常用句式 1. It is/was + 被强调的部分+ that/who + 句子其它成分 It is on the playground this Friday afternoon that a volleyball game will be held. (2019全国一卷书面 表达) It was because of their help that a disaster was avoided. (2017年浙江高考书面表达) 2. Is/was it + 被强调的部分+ that/who + 句子其它成分 Was it in the park that the children saw the strange green objects? 3.特殊疑问词+ is/was it + 被强调的部分+ 句子其它成分 When was it that you made up your mind to work as a volunteer teacher? 4.It is/was not until that + 句子其它成分
虚拟语气和倒装
Subjunctive mood (1) Nevertheless, should a fight follow, neither creature will be badly hurt, for the loser will save himself by making a gesture of submission. (Line 5) (2) If it had not had this disability it would have undoubtedly stayed in the jungle and hunted for food in the customary way. (Line12) If the human population had not increased so rapidly, people would have had more space and freedom. (Line 23) (3) If the caged lion, for example, were free to wander on the grassy plains of Africa, it would be continually active, ranging over long distances, hunting in family groups. (Line 15) 此三类句子体现了虚拟语气的三种时态变化。 （1）第1句中“should a fight follow”是表示将来情况的虚拟语气，意思为“if a fight should follow”，句中省略了“if”，将“should”提前，构成倒装，表示“万一，一旦”的意思。值得注意的是本句中的主句部分未使用虚拟语气。 (2) 第二部分这两句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。这类句子，从句用“had +动词过去分词”，主句用“would/should/could/might + have + 动词过去分词”。 (3) 第3句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。从句用“did/were”，主句用“would/should/could/ might + 动词原型”。 虚拟语气专项复习： A．虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况： if+主语+过去时+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他 例：If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。 If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。 If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。（事实：没带钱）If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。（事实：学习不用功）2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 if+主语+had done +其他+主语+should/would/could/might+have done+其他 例：If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。 If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 3、表示对将来情况的主观推测 ①if+主语+did/should/were to do+sth.+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他 ② if+主语+did/be(were)+sth.+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他 ③if+主语+should+do+sth.+主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他 例：If he should come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him. 如果他哪天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。 If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 4、有时，虚拟条件句中，结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作不是同时发生时， ①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 如：If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了
倒装句,定语从句,虚拟语气练习题解析
倒装句练习 1. So fast_______ that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. A. light travel B. does light travel C. travels light D. has light travelled 2.That scientist isn’t too happy with the project, and______________. A. so are her supervisors B. either are her supervisors C. neither are her supervisors D. so her supervisors are 3.______ the door than somebody started knocking on it. A. I had closed no sooner B. I had no sooner closed C. No sooner have I closed D. No sooner I closed 4.Is this beautiful? Yes, it is. ________. A. Rarely before have I seen this B. Rarely I have seen this before
C. Rarely have I seen before this D. Rarely have I seen this before 5._____but he also proved himself a good athlete. A. He showed himself not only a good student B. Not only did he show himself a good student C. He showed not only himself a good student D. Not only he showed himself a good student 6.Nowhere else along the coast____ such shallow water so far from land. A. is there B. there is C. it is D. is 7._____did we try to persuade her to give up her plan. A. In failure B. With no result C. In vain D. With no end 8.______I couldn’t lift the box. A. As I might try
虚拟语气及倒装Word版
环球雅思教育学科教师讲义讲义编号： ______________ 副校长/组长签字：签字日期： 【考纲说明】 虚拟语气和倒装的考察一般出现在单选和完成句子中，需要学会应用基本句型。 【知识梳理】 虚拟语气 一、语气 英语中的语气分为三类： 陈述语气（用于陈述句、疑问句、感叹句） 祈使语气（用于祈使句） 虚拟语气（用于条件状语从句、宾语从句等） 二、虚拟语气 如果所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、建议或是一种实现不了的空想，就用虚拟语气。 三、虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法 1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句 Eg：If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真实条件状语) ：If I were you, I would go at once.（非真实条件状语从句） ：If there was no air, people would die.（非真实条件状语从句） 2、虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法及动词形式
①表示与现在事实相反的情况 If I were you, I’d take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。 If I had any money with me, I could lend you some.如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。 ②表示与过去事实相反的情况 Eg：If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。 If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话） ③表示对将来情况的主观推测（可能相反或可能性很小） Eg：If he would come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him.如果他哪天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小） If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating.如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了.（事实：不知能否下雪） 四、虚拟语气的其他用法 1、虚拟语气用在wish 后的宾语从句 a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式 eg: I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那样的头脑。(事实：我根本比不上你) b、表示过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词：had+v-ed eg: I wish I had known the truth of the matter.我希望我原来知道这件事的真相。 c、表示将来难以实现的愿望, 谓语动词：should/would + 动词原形. eg: I wish I should have a chance again.很难再有这样的机会了。（ 2、虚拟语气用在suggest(建议)、insist(坚持)、demand(要求)、order(命令)等动词后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语动词都用：“should + 动词原形”或只用“动词原形”。 如 He suggested/ insisted/ordered/demandthat we (should) take the teacher’s advice. 倒装 一．倒装句之全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. 2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes. Away they went. 二．倒装句之部分倒装
虚拟语气和倒装句笔记
语法 一、虚拟语气 Ⅰ.suggest；require； order； recommand； insist sb.suggest that …（should）do His suggestion is that… What do you think of his suggestion that 注：suggest,insist表明、暗示 He insisted that he hadn’t made a mistake. Ⅱ.wish 1)对现在的虚拟，用一般现在时 How I wish I were you ! 2)对过去虚拟，用过去完成时 How I wish I had followed your advice. 3)对将来虚拟 could+v.原形 How I wish /If only I could fly in the sky Ⅲ.It is (high)time that…should (should 不可省) It is necessary that… I would rather that… Ⅳ.隐含虚拟 But ;but for ;without ;otherwise without后一般+n. Eg:I could have come to school on time,(but I got up late).=I got up late otherwise. Ⅴ.虚拟条件句 If it didn’t rain tomorrow If it shouldn’t(只能用should) rain tomorrow. If it weren’t to rain tomorrow Were it not to rain tomorrow…/Should it not to… Were I you,… 从句都往过去推一个时态 Ⅵ.时间错纵 If she hadn’t stayed up all night studying,She would feel energetic now .
虚拟语气及倒装
虚拟语气 一、基础巩固 虚拟语气基本形式 1. 2. 3. 4. It's high time that
5. 用于should类型虚拟语气的动词： 建议_____________________ 命令_____________________ 要求_____________________ 坚持_____________________ 6．有时虚拟语气是通过上下文的语义表示出来的： He would have given you more help, but he was very busy. (If he had not been so busy…) He was seriously ill, otherwise he would have come to our meeting. (otherwise = If he had not been seriously ill) 二、单项选择 1. We demanded that we _______ of any change in the plan. A. informed B. would be informed C. be informed D. had been informed 2. It’s necessary that he _______ a recognized qualification. A. has B. have C. had D. having 3. It's high time we ______ our attention to this problem.
A. turned B. turn C. had turned D. would turn 4. If only you __________ him what I said! Everything would have been all right. A. didn't told B. hadn't told C. would not tell D. would have not told 5. He must have had an accident, or he_______ here then. A. would have been B. had been C. should have been D. could be 6. Much labour would have been saved if the electronic computers_______ before. A. had invented B. were invented C. should have been invented D. had been invented 7. _______ cease advertising, prices would be significantly reduced. A. Were they to B. Could they C. If they D. Would they 8. Five minutes earlier, and we ________ the last bus. A. had caught B. should have caught C. could have caught D. caught
虚拟语气与倒装句
语法系列复习专题十-----虚拟语气、倒装句型 虚拟语气 虚拟语气是通过特殊的谓语动词形式来表达的愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测或建议等语气，它不表示客观存在。 一、虚拟语气在单句中的用法 常用来表示祝愿、采用固定的倒装句式。例如： Long live the People s Republic of China!中华人民共和国万岁！ be happy! 快乐！ have a good time! 玩得愉快！ May you 祝你 succeed! 成功！ make progress! 进步！ 二、虚拟语气在复合句中的用法： 1．在非真实性条件句和主句中的用法 条件从句主句 一般过去时（be多用于were）would/should/could/might＋动词原形 如果我是你，我会接受邀请的。 If I had time,I would go there. 如果我有空，我就去那儿。 条件从句主句 过去完成时would/should/could/might＋have done 如果你早点来，你就不会错过那辆公共汽车了。 If he had seen you yesterday,he would have returned your book. 如果他昨天见到了你，他就会还你的书的。 条件从句主句 一般过去时（be多用were） would/should/could/might＋动词原形 should do,were to do put off.万一明天下雨，运动会就推迟。（事实上明天下雨的可能性不大。） If you dropped/should drop/were to drop the glass,it would break. 万一杯子掉下来会打碎的。 4）i f的省略 如果条件句中有were,had,should 等助动词，可将if省略，而把were,had或should 置于句首,来表达以if引导的条件句的相同意思。 例如：Should it rain/were it to rain tomorrow,the sports meet would be put off./Had he seen you yesterday,he would have returned your book. 5)条件句或主句的省略 当有上下文或上下句中的语言环境暗示的时候，表示虚拟语气的从句或主句往往可以省略，以避免重复。 例如：——Why didn t you attend the party yesterday? ——I would/should have,but I was too busy then. I was surprised that you didn t like this job.You could have done it better.（后面省略了if you had liked it.） 6)混合时间条件句和主句 条件句和主句的动作发生的时间有先后之差，应按各自动作时间搭配好相应的结构形式。 例如：If the teacher hadn t been ill yesterday,who could give us a lecture now?/If you had
be型虚拟语气及倒装
be-型虚拟式的主要用法如下。 用于表示命令、决定、建议等词语之后的that-分句中 be-型虚拟式的这一用法又有以下三种情况: a)用在decide, decree, demand, insist,moveorder,prefer,propose,recommend,request,require,suggest,vote等动词之后的that分句中。例如: He ordered that all the books be sent at once、 We propose that somebody neutral take the chair(担任主席)。 She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday、 Congress has decided /voted/ decreed that the present law be maintained、 The doctor insisted that he not eat meat、 b)用在decision, decree, demand, Instruction, order, requirement, resolution等名词之后的that-分句中。例如: The board(理事会) has given instructions that the agent fly to Boston、 We were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished、 Your advice that she wait till next week is reasonable、 Their decision was that the school remain closed、 His order that the troops not be sent at once was carried out、 在这一用法中be-型虚拟式能与“should +不定式”交替使用,也能与不定式被动语态交替使用。例如: He ordered that the books be sent at once、 =He ordered that books should be sent at once、 =He ordered the books to be sent at once、 It is important that she be placed in an appropriate job、 =It is important that she should be placed in an appropriate job、 =It is important for her to be placed in an appropriate job、 be-型虚拟式能用于由if, though, whatever, lest, so long as等引导的分句中表示推测、让步、防备等含义。例如: If he be found guilty, John shall have the tight of appeal、 If the rumour be true, everything is possible、 Though everyone desert you, I will not Whatever be his defense, we cannot tolerate this disloyalty、 So long as a volume hold together, I am not disturbed as to its outer appearance、 Whether she be right or wrong, she will have my unswerving support、 Quietly we sat on the river bank lest the fish swim away、 上述用法现在只限于正式书面语体,在非正式语体中通常用动词陈述式或者用should/may+不定式。例如: If the rumour is true, everything is possible、 He hid himself in the bush lest he should be seen、 Whatever his defense may be, we can\'t tolerate this disloyalty、 用于某些公式化的语句中 be-型虚拟式用于某些公式化语句中可表示祝愿、诅咒、禁止等意义。例如: Long live the People\'s Republic of China! God bless you! Heaven forbid!(天理不容) Devil take him!(混蛋) So be it、(但愿如此/就这样吧。) Suffice it to say that、、、(只需说……就够了。) Far be it from me to(我极不愿) spoil the fun、
虚拟语气和倒装句讲解
一、主句和从句 主句是句子的主干，是句子表达的主要意思，从句的意义从属于主句。 如：麻雀虽小，五脏俱全。这句话要说明的主要意思是麻雀五脏俱全，后一句是句子的主句，前面是从句。 二：关于虚拟语气 第一节：宾语从句(Subordinate Clasue)中的虚拟语气 一、在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气，常省去宾语从句的引导词that。 一）、对现在情况的虚拟（与现在的事实相反）： 从句用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be和were(was)，实义动词用过去式。例： 1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.(wish, 动词过去式knew)我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道) 2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.(wish, were)但愿我的家乡四季如春。(事实上不可能) 3. I wish I were a bird.(wish, were)但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能) 4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.(wished,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不在家) 5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,过去虚拟动词understood) 现在他在中国，他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂) 6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(will wish,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不和我们在一起) 二）、对过去情况的虚拟（和过去的事实相反）： 用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时，或would, could, might+现在完成时。例： 1. I wish (that可省略，下同)I hadn't wasted so much time. 我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了) 2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance. 他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去) 3. We wished he had spoken to us. (wished，had + spoken)(事实上他并没同我们讲) 4. I wish you had called earlier. (wish, had + called)(事实上已迟了) 5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner. (will wish,had + listened)(事实上并不如此) 例题分析：I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept 动词wish后面接从句，表达不可能实现或与事实相反的情况时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即用过去式（表示现在发生的动作）或过去完成式（表示过去发生的动作）。本题后半句谓语动词have用的是过去时had
虚拟语气(含答案)
实验中学2014届高三英语语法专项复习------虚拟语气 虚拟语气的概念---虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达说话人的愿望，意图，建议，惊奇，设想等未能实现的情况，以及在说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况。 虚拟语气的特点： １．虚拟语气表达的是与客观现实相反的观念。 ２．虚拟语气常由一个表示条件的从句和一个主句构成。 ３．由于虚拟语气中条件从句中的条件是与客观事实相反，因此其主句的结论也只能是想象的，非真实的。 ４．虚拟语气的特点决定了它句中动词形式的使用与真实句中的动词形式的是不同的。含if条件句的虚拟语气按时间的不同，分成以下三种形式：1）与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。 2）与过去事实相反的虚拟语气 3）与将来事实相反的虚拟语气 一．在不同时间下，含if条件句的虚拟语气的3种形式： 与现在事实相反 were might if+主语+ 过去式动词would ，主语+ could + V should 与过去事实相反 might would + have + 过去分词If +主语+had +过去分词, 主语+ could Should 与将来事实相反 were might if + 主语+ were to +v 主语+ would + V should + v. could 注：１.虚拟语气中助动词be的过去时(无论句子的主语是第几人称，是单数还是复数)一律用were，不用was。 ２.含if条件句的虚拟语气句子中，如果“if”从句中含有“were, had ”或“should ”时，则可省略连词“if ”，而把“were, had ”或“should”移至主语之前，构成倒装句。 1.与现在事实相反 １）If I had a car, I should be very happy. =Had I a car, I should be very happy.(将had提到句首，再将if省略，构成倒装句)