2018-2019学年江苏省宿迁市高三(上)期末英语试卷-解析版

2018-2019学年江苏省宿迁市高三（上）期末英语试卷

一、单选题（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）

1.Guandan， a Poker game， originating _____ Premier Zhou Enlai was born， has been popular with the me

n in the street around the country．（）

A. from which

B. in where

C. where

D. what

2.--- Dr． Saxena， a knowledgeable and ever victorious physician， has been down in the dumps these days f

or his experiment failed again．

--- Every one has his _____ and he is not exceptional．（）

A. Achilles' heel

B. Daniel in the lion's den

C. Herculean task

D. Waterloo

3.General Secretary Xi Jinping _____ clarified the policy that we Chinese unconditionally aid the developing c

ountries in need， believe it or not， without any additional conditions．（）

A. apparently

B. absolutely

C. ambiguously

D. aggressively

4.--- How do you instruct your students to dip into their studies after class？

--- Well． I often accompany them as much as I can， _____ most of the headteachers in our school．（）

A. so do

B. as have

C. so are

D. as do

5.Chairman Xi Jinping and Jong-un held talks， reaching the important _____ that the two sides agreed to mak

e joint efforts to push for continuous new development o

f China-DPRK relationships in the new era．（）

A. consistence

B. consensus

C. conscience

D. compromise

6.China successfully launched a spacecraft on the far side of the moon， which， _____ misunderstanding， is

not always dark．（）

A. similar to

B. familiar to

C. contrary to

D. superior to

7.Linda couldn't have broken into the teacher's office at midnight， for it was only nine o'clock ______she retur

ned to the dormitory and had a sound sleep．（）

A. before

B. when

C. that

D. until

8.---How do you find the movie Nobodies released recently？

---It's fantastic． What a huge box office hit on the first day！And it has been _____ ever since．（）

A. catching on

B. pushing on

C. carrying on

D. counting on

9.Universities must adopt stricter rules and conduct stricter reviews of submitted material to make enrollment pr

ocedures more _____， the Ministry of Education said on Jan 4， 2019．（）

A. complicated

B. effective

C. precise

D. transparent

10.Recent years have seen a growing increase in the emergence of cyber terms， without which our life _____ s

o colorful nowadays．（）

A. won't be

B. hadn't been

C. wouldn't be

D. can't be

11.---Haven't you finished the construction of the teaching building to be used next term？

---Yes． My workers and I _____ on it for over nine months．（）

A. have worked

B. have been working

C. worked

D. had worked

12.Not far from the club was there a garden，

_______ owner seated in it playing bridge with his children every afternoon．（）

A. whose

B. its

C. which

D. that

13.There are many online shopping payment methods in China， and you can choose， when the order is _____

， cash， POS or checks， to pay for the goods．（）

A. deposited

B. delivered

C. deduced

D. defined 14.---Have you heard of the Chinese Zodiac Art Exhibition being held in the Palace Museum now？

---Sure． Han Meilin， a veteran artist _____ no less than 600 new artworks in it．（）

A. is presenting

B. has presented

C. will present

D. has been presenting

15.---So you missed the wonderful lecture given by the famous professor？

---_____． I got there 10 minutes before it finished．（）

A. You got me there

B. You said it

C. I hate to say it

D. Not exactly

三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共20.0分）

When Lyndsay and Matthew took home their newborn twins a few days after Christmas 2016，they knew that baby William's days would be short．(1) he looked perfect and healthy，he had a severe heart defect，(2) in the womb．"It was one of the(3)days of my life when we found out that we would lose our son (4)months still left in my pregnancy，but because at that time we were able to(5)ourselves，" said Lyndsay．"My husband and I both have a strong(6) in God and through prayer，we felt God's love，peace，and (7)．" She said that the love and help from family and friends have been (8) in their journey．

One friend made a special(9)．Knowing how important it was to document his short life，a family friend (10)to a Toledo photographer she followed on Facebook．

"The days with both of our babies at home together were(11)，" said Lyndsay．"We tried our best to focus on enjoying the time together and creating(12)．We were able to do this and felt like God blessed us with the time to get to know our son．"

And although Lyndsay(13)hesitated to do a photo shoot，now she says she's so glad she did．

"The photos are going to be even more important as time goes on，" said Brentlinger．" I can(14) on our time with our whole family together and remember our newborn son with the(15)big eyes．His twin sister，Reagan ，will be able to see the love and special (16)they shared together．"

What(17) Brown，the photographer were the parents and the strength and love they displayed during the shoot．"The parents were extremely strong ，" Brown said．" They (18) acted and treated both babies like nothing was wrong．So that(19)my heart watching them．We sort of lost it in the very end…Then the tears just started(20)．" William is a gift for his twin sister，his parents and everybody．Surrounded by love，life is eternal．

16. A. Even though B. As though C. Unless D. In case

17. A. realized B. recognized C. identified D. induced

18. A. wildest B. worst C. oddest D. heaviest

19. A. in B. before C. with D. after

20. A. devote B. urge C. comfort D. prepare

21. A. feeling B. determination C. tie D. faith

22. A. mercy B. enthusiasm C. support D. energy

23. A. diverse B. permanent C. adequate D. crucial

24. A. instruction B. suggestion C. conclusion D. decision

25. A. pointed out B. cried out C. reached out D. went out

26. A. amazing B. thrilling C. discouraging D. disappointing

27. A. memories B. miracles C. missions D. motivations

28. A. terminally B. initially C. eventually D. lately

29. A. look forward B. look up C. look down D. look back

30. A. thankful B. tearful C. soulful D. cloudy

31. A. care B. bond C. appreciation D. mind

32. A. stuck B. inspired C. influenced D. struck

33. A. truly B. frankly C. generally D. gradually

34. A. moved B. melted C. matched D. mended

35. A. flashing B. flaming C. flowing D. floating

四、任务型阅读（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）

36.Ants： master cooperators Millions of ants live together in a colony， but they don't compete， get confus

ed， or become disorganized． They behave in an amazing orderly manner at all times． Some scientists ref er to ants as ‘super-organisms' because they live in such highly organized societies that work together to sur vive． The way ants live and work together has made them one of the most important creatures on the planet．Ants， like bees， belong to a class of eusocial insects． Eusocial insects are broken into groups within th eir community， and each group has a special job to do depending on the needs of the community． There ar

e three basic groups in an ant colony： queens， soldiers， and workers． Queens are the largest ants， and

their only job is to reproduce-they lay all of the eggs that will eventually become soldiers and workers． Sold iers are responsible for protecting the colony and finding new places for nests． Worker ants have many jobs within the community， including caring for the eggs and young ants， hunting for food and maintaining the nest．

Some scientists are studying how ants can lead to a better understanding of labor issues， social class， an

d th

e use o

f nature resources in human communities． Ants have had millions of years of practice in working

together to survive and grow． For a colony to function successfully， ants have to cooperate， from which people can learn a lot． Researchers hope that gathering information about how ants live together in commun ities can help people learn to cooperate and compromise with each other．

However， others argue that there are fundamental differences between ants and humans that mean human societies are unlikely ever to attain ant-like levels of collaboration． For example， ants in a colony don't co mpete with each other． When they are short of food in the colony， some worker ants automatically becom

e ‘feeder' ants and feed others with the food in their stomach， regardless o

f their usual job． When the foo

d supply is replenished， they becom

e worker ants again．

In addition， ants are able to work together without a leader giving them directions． Despite their names ， queen ants are not leaders． Instead， ants find out what they need to do from their sense of smell． Rese arch on harvester ants pass each other， they pick up a chemical smell which tells them what the other ant is doing． The number of ants they pass doing a particular job determines what they need to do． It is a form of

communication， but unlike human communication it has no content； it is just based on numbers．While ants undoubtedly have a great deal to teach us about organization and the structure of networks， th ose searching for a greater understanding of human behaviour and morals may need to look somewhere．

五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

37.请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章．

A post titled"Goodness， what have I done wrong to have to do homework with my kids！

" caused a tremendous response in the society．

After millions of views on Sina Weibo， parents flocked to social media to share their own frustrating stor ies and experiences screaming and shouting their way through homework with their kids．

Now， millions of parents in China are calling for something that China's tiger mothers would have considere

d unthinkabl

e only a few years ago - a break from homework．

Education chiefs are already fighting back against challenging workloads， with officials in the eastern Jiang su and Zhejiang provinces， and also the northern Ningxia province， ruling that homework should not beco me "parental homework" or be set "above the level of the curriculum or the ability of the student"．

【写作内容】

1．用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；

2．用约120个单词谈谈"父母陪孩子做作业"所带来的负面影响，内容包括：

（1）父母陪孩子做作业会带来哪些负面影响（至少两点）；

（2）结合自身经历或见闻举例说明其负面影响．

【写作要求】

1．写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3．不必写标题．

【评分标准】

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当．

答案和解析

1.【答案】C

【解析】

考查从属连词．where意为"……的地方"，引导地点状语从句，故C项正确．其它三项不符合语法规则．

故选：C．

掼蛋，一种扑克游戏，起源于周恩来总理出生的地方，很受附近乡村街上男人们的欢迎．

考查从属连词，弄清楚各种从属连词引导什么状语从句，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根

据句意选择最合适的选项．

2.【答案】D

【解析】

答案：D 本题考查名词辨析Achilles' heel 致命要害． Daniel in the lion's den 龙潭虎穴．Herculean task 艰巨的任务．Waterloo 惨败．根据句意，D项正确．

故选：D．

萨克塞纳博士是一位知识渊博、战无不胜的医生，由于他的实验再次失败，他这些天一直处于低谷之中．

每个人都能失败，他也不例外．

考查名词词义辨析．准确掌握各个名词的词义，准确地翻译句子，然后选择正确的答案．

3.【答案】A

【解析】

答案：A apparently 似乎；显然absolutely绝对地；完全地ambiguously含糊不清地；引起分歧地aggressively侵略性地；攻击性地根据句意，A项正确．

故选：A．

显然，习近平总书记澄清了我们中国无条件地援助有需要的发展中国家的政策，不管你信不信，没有任何附加条件．

考查副词的词义辨析．准确掌握各个副词的词义，准确地翻译句子，然后选择正确的答案．

4.【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句．分析句子的结构可知，划线处后面的内容为一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少一个主语，用as来引导，意为"正如"，do代替accompany them．

故选：D．

--你在课后是如何指导学生深入学习的呢？

--我经常尽可能的陪伴他们活动，我们学校的大多数班主任都是这么做的．

本题考查定语从句，首先判断先行词是什么，指人，还是指物，再判断从句缺少什么成分，如果缺少主宾表，用关系代词，缺少状语用关系副词．

5.【答案】B

【解析】

答案：B 考查名词辨析consistence n坚固性浓度 consensus n一致性合意conscience n 良心道德心compromise n 妥协折中

故选：B．

习近平主席和金正恩举行会谈，达到高度一致．双方同意共同努力，在新领域推动中朝关系不断向前发展．

考查名词词义辨析．准确掌握各个名词的词义，准确翻译句子，然后选择正确的答案

6.【答案】C

【解析】

答案：C similar to等同于；与…类似familiar to为…所熟悉contrary to和…相反，违

反；superior to优于；胜于根据句意，C项真正确．

故选：C．

中国成功地在月球的另一边发射了一艘宇宙飞船，这与误解相反，并不总是黑暗．

考查形容词短语的词义辨析．准确掌握各个形容词短语的词义，准确地翻译句子，然后选择正

确的答案．

7.【答案】B

【解析】

考查时间状语从句．before在……之前；when当……时候；that不引导时间状语从句；Until直到…时候才…根据句意，B项正确．

故选：B．

琳达不可能在半夜闯进老师办公室，因为她回到寝室时仅九点钟，还睡了一个好觉．

考查时间状语从句，弄清楚哪些连词引导时间状语从句及一些时间状语从句的特殊结构，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项．

8.【答案】A

【解析】

答案：A catching on 变得流行；投合心意pushing on 继续向前；坚决进行下去carrying on 经营；争吵counting on 依赖；依靠根据句意，A项正确．

故选：A．

你如何看待最近上映的这部电影无名之辈？太棒了．第一天票房如此巨大！从那以后，它就开始流行了．

考查动词短语词义辨析．准确掌握各个动词短语的词义，准确地翻译句子，然后选择正确的答

案．

9.【答案】D

【解析】

答案：D．考查形容词辨析．complicated 结构复杂的；混乱的effective有效的；起作用的precise 清晰的；精确的 transparent透明的；清澈的根据句意，D项正确．

故选：D．

教育部于2019年1月4日表示，大学必须采取更严格的规则，对提交的材料进行更严格的审查，以使入学手续更透明．

本题考查形容词义辨析．准确掌握各个形容词的词义，准确地翻译句子，然后选择正确的答

案．

10.【答案】C

【解析】

根据时间状语nowadays可知，定语从句中表达的是与现在事实的虚拟，谓语动词用would （not）do的表达形式，指的是现在的生活就不会这么丰富多彩，所以C符合题意；A和D为真实的语气，不表示虚拟，而B项had done表达的是对过去的虚拟，可排除．

故选：C．近年来，网络术语出现的日益增长的趋势，如果没有这些新的术语，我们今天的生活就不会这

么多姿多彩．

在掌握虚拟语气的规则的基础上，判断题干属于什么类型的虚拟，然后根据语境，选用恰当的动词形式表达虚拟．

11.【答案】B

【解析】

答案B．本题考查谓语动词的时态，从对话中可知教学楼至今未完工，还在建设之中，工人和我从开始至今已经干了九个月了，所以应选B have been working，表示从过去到现在一直延续的动作．

A have worked是现在完成时不能表示出从过去一直持续到现在，C worked只表示过去，D had worked表示的是过去的过去．

故选：B．

----你们现在还没有完成下学期就要投入使用的教学楼的建设吗？

----是的．我和我的工人在这个项目上已经干了九个月了．

本题考查动词的时态，重点在于没有明显的时间状语，只有通过对话的字里行间来推断．

12.【答案】B

【解析】

答案：B 此题关键是理解seated这个单词，它是过去分词，而不是作谓语的过去式．它不能在句中谓语．所以后面句子不是一个非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，所以理解成its owner为独立主语，和后面的非谓语结构seated…一起构成独立主格结构．

故选：B．

离俱乐部不远有一个花园，它的主人每天下午都和孩子们坐在桥上玩桥牌．

定语从句又称为形容词性从句，综观历年高考试题，我们可以发现该语法项目是测试中的热点与难点，解定语从句的题目首先要知道哪一句是主句，哪一句是从句，被修饰的词是谁，从句中的句子成分缺失什么，根据缺失成分的不同从而选出相对应的关系代词或者关系副词，从而选出正确的答案，解题的关键是从句句子的成分分析．

13.【答案】B

【解析】

B

14.【答案】A

【解析】

考查现在进行时．要看上文中的now，要用现在进行时态，故A项正确．其它三项不符合语境．故选：A．

--你听说过现在故宫博物馆正在举办的中国十二生肖艺术展吗？

--听说过．韩美林，一个经验丰富的艺术家正在展出多达600幅新作品．

解答此类问题要了解各种时态的基本含义，并区别各种时态之间的差异，了解某些时态的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案．

15.【答案】D

【解析】

根据第二句话，可知回答的人并不是完全错过了讲座．

选项A，意为"你问倒我了"，选项B，意为"你说得对"，选项C，意为"我不想说……但是"，选项D，意为"不完全是这样"

故选：D．

本题的意思为

-所以你错过那个有名气的教授的讲座了吗？-不全是，我在讲座结束前十分钟赶到了那儿．

情景对话需要学生熟悉常见对话的句型，理解说话人的语气和意图，从而做出准确的选择

1.【答案】

【小题1】A 【小题2】C 【小题3】B 【小题4】C 【小题5】D

【小题6】D 【小题7】C 【小题8】D 【小题9】B 【小题10】C

【小题11】A 【小题12】A 【小题13】B 【小题14】D 【小题15】C

【小题16】B 【小题17】D 【小题18】A 【小题19】B 【小题20】C

【解析】

1-20 ACBCD DCDBC AABDC BDABC

1．A．连词的辨析，尽管这个孩子看起来是完美和健康的，但他有严重的心脏缺陷，因此使用even though，故答案为A．

2．C．动词的辨析，realized意识，recognized辨认，identified确认，induced引起，这个孩子有心脏缺陷，在其母亲的子宫的时候就确认了，故答案为C．

3．B．形容词的辨析，wildest最狂野的，worst最糟糕的，oddest最奇怪的，heaviest最重的，那是我生命中最糟糕的一段时间，故答案为B．

4．C．介词的辨析，此处指还有几个月孩子就要出生的时候，使用介词with+宾语+宾补，故答案为C．

5．D．动词的辨析，devote致力，urge催促，comfort安慰，prepare准备，因为在那时我们能够准备好我们自己，故答案为D．

6．D．名词的辨析，feeling感觉，determination决心，tie领带，faith信念，我的丈夫和我都会上帝有强烈的信仰，故答案为D．

7．C．名词的辨析，mercy仁慈，enthusiasm激情，support支持，energy能量，我们感觉到上帝的爱、和平和支持，故答案为C．

8．D．形容词的辨析，diverse多种多样的，permanent永久的，adequate足够的，crucial关键的，她说来自家人和朋友的爱和帮助对于他们这一路是关键的，故答案为D．

9．B．名词的辨析，instruction指导，suggestion建议，conclusion结论，decision决定，有一个朋友提出来特殊的建议，故答案为B．

10．C．短语的辨析，pointed out指出，cried out大声喊叫，reached out伸出手，went out出去，一个家人朋友向脸书上关注的Toledo摄影求助，故答案为C．

11．A．形容词的辨析，amazing令人惊奇的，thrilling激动人心的，discouraging气馁的，disappointing令人失望的，两个小孩在家度过的日子是非常惊奇的，故答案为A．

12．A．形容词的辨析，memories记忆，miracles奇迹，missions任务，motivations动机，我们尽力专注于一起度过的日子，创造出美好的回忆，故答案为A．

13．B．副词的辨析，terminally末期地，initially最开始，eventually最后，lately最近，尽管Lyndsay最开始对于照片拍摄迟疑，现在她说真高兴她做了，故答案为B．

14．D．短语的辨析，此处指通过照片回顾起整个家庭一起度过的时光，使用look back，look

forward期待，look up向上看，look down往下看，故答案为D．

15．C．形容词的辨析，thankful感恩的，tearful满含泪水的，soulful充满深情的，cloudy阴天的，想起我们儿子那深情的大眼睛，故答案为C．

16．B．名词的辨析，care关心，bond联系，appreciation感激，mind思想，Reagan将能够看到他们一起分享的爱和联系，故答案为B．

17．D．动词的辨析，stuck困，inspired鼓励，influenced影响，struck击打，让Brown感到震撼的是他们在拍摄中表现出来的爱和力量，故答案为D．

18．A．副词的辨析，根据语境这对父母真正地表现得好像没有什么事情发生一样，因此使用truly，故答案为A．

19．B．动词的辨析，moved移动，melted融化，matched匹配，mended修理，看着他们的时候，融化了我的心，故答案为B．

20．C．动名词的辨析，flashing使闪烁，flaming燃烧，flowing使泛滥，floating漂浮，接着开始留下眼泪，故答案为C．

短文主要讲了一对父母生出一对双胞胎，但儿子有先天的心脏缺陷，最后父母用摄影的方式拍下一家人一起度过的幸福时光．

在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配．

1.【答案】1．features/characteristics，总结归纳题，根据表格的框架右半边可知，这部分总结了蚂蚁的团队工作特征，所以填"features/characteristics"

2．confusion，词性转换题，对应

"Millions of ants live together in a colony， but they don't compete， get confused， or become disorganized"，意为"成千上万的蚂蚁以群体的形式居住在一起，但是他们不竞争、感到困惑或组织混乱"，可知这一空前面已经提到"competition和disorganized"，所以第二空填"confused"的名词形式"confusion"

3．survival，词性转换题，根据

"Some scientists refer to ants as ‘super-organisms' because they live in such highly organized societies that work together to survive"可知，蚂蚁生活在高度组织下的社会并一起工作是为了生存，for+名词，即"survival" 4．determining，句意理解题，根据

"and each group has a special job to do depending on the needs of the community"可知，每个组的每种特别的工作都由团体的需要决定，"determine=depend on"，又因为此处是非谓语动词，所以用"determining" 5．Significance/Importance/Meaning/Benefits ，总结归纳题，根据表格中这一空后面的三个"help"可知此处应当填"好处"或"重要性"，即Significance/Importance/Meaning/Benefits

6．experienced ，句意理解题，根据

"Ants have had millions of years of practice in working together to survive and grow．"可知，蚂蚁花了数百万年练习一起生存和成长，因此很有经验，"be experienced in "为"有经验的"

7．compromise，原词再现题，由" help people learn to cooperate and compromise with each other"可知，研究

人员希望收集关于蚂蚁群居生活的信息可以帮助人们学会互相合作与妥协"，根据原文直接填"compromise"．8．shortage/lack ，词性转换题，由

"When they are short of food in the colony， some worker ants automatically become ‘feeder' ants and feed othe

rs with the food in their stomach"可知"当群体缺少食物时，一些工蚁会自然地变成喂食的蚂蚁"要填的空为"

食物短缺"的名词，即"shortage of food"，

9．Unlike，原词再现题，由"but unlike human communication it has no content"和题目中需要填介词，即"Unlike"，意为"不像蚂蚁，人类的领导者会给人们指引方向"

10．angles，句意理解题，根据最后一句中"may need to look somewhere"说明研究人类的行为和道德必须从不同角度（angles）去了解，填"angles"

【解析】

本文是科普类文章，详细地讲述了蚂蚁这种生物的工作方式、分工、职能等特点，并且和人类

的工作方式进行了比较．

任务型阅读要从表格的关键词进行句子的定位，再根据介词等固定搭配，来确定所填的词，要

求学生有较强的知识储备和同义转换的能力．

1.【答案】

Millions of Chinese parents roar disapproval at doing homework with kids， after a post strikes a chord with them ． In response to it， three provinces have banned schools from setting out parental homework．【要点一，概述上述信息的主要内容】

I think it's unnecessary for parents to do so． Doing homework with kids brings bad results， as opposed to doing both parties favors． The more involved in kids' homework parents are， the more dependent on them the kids are ， which will deprive kids of their self-reliance ability as well as independent thinking【高分句型一，the more…the more…句型以及which引导非限制性定语从

句】． What's worse， not only does it multiply the risk of homework-connected argument but also it puts heavy pressure on kids mentally．【要点二，父母陪孩子做作业会带来哪些负面影响】

No memory is more painful than that of my primary school， when my mother accompanied me when I did my ho mework． I was overwhelmed by frustration and insecurity in that once my homework failed to live up to my pare nts' expectations． what awaited me was nothing but a scolding， which would trigger a bitter argument【高分句

型二，what引导主语从句以及which引导非限制性定语从句】．【要点三，结合自身经历或见闻举例说明其负面影响】

【解析】

【高分句型一】The more involved in kids' homework parents are，the more dependent on them the kids are，which will deprive kids of their self-reliance ability as well as independent thinking．家长对孩子的家庭作业越投入，对孩子的依赖性就越大，这会使孩子丧失自立能力和独立思考能

力．the more…the more…句型以及which引导非限制性定语从句．

【高分句型二】what awaited me was nothing but a scolding，which would trigger a bitter argument．等待着我的只是一场责骂，这会引发一场激烈的争论．what引导主语从句以及which 引导非限制性定语从句．

读写任务型写作是将阅读与写作有机结合，要求考生既能读懂文章信息，又要依据要求规范连贯地表达内容，其中准确概括很有挑战且十分重要，根据记叙文、议论文、说明文等不同文体作相应概括，总的来说，遵循以下步骤：确定主题句；寻找关键词；重构主题句；重组支持句．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型．