江苏省扬州市2014届高三英语上学期期末考试试题(含解析)新人教版

江苏省扬州市2014届高三英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）新人教版

本试卷分五部分。满分120分。考试时间120分钟。

第Ⅰ卷（共 85 分）

第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分20分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What do we learn from the conversation?

A. The man hates to lend his tools to other people.

B. The man hasn’t finished working on the bookshelf.

C. The man lost those tools.

2. What are the two speakers talking about?

A. A park.

B. A trip.

C. A cinema.

3. What does the man mean?

A. He would like to make an appointment for the woman.

B. He thinks it worthwhile to try Santerbale’s.

C. He knows a less expensive place for a haircut.

4. What do we learn from this conversation?

A The man wants to go to Los Angeles

B The man wants to go to San Francisco.

C There are no flights to Los Angeles for the rest of the day.

5. What is the woman’s opinion of the research paper?

A. It’s fine as it is.

B. Only a few changes should be made in it.

C. Major revisions are needed in it.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，

各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。

6. Why is Ken calling?

A. To ask about the address for the meeting.

B. To ask about the time for the meeting.

C. To remind Andy of the meeting.

7. Where is Andy?

A. In his office.

B. In the supermarket.

C. In the downtown.

8. What is Ken’s phone number?

A. 439-808-7754.

B. 493-908-7754.

C. 439-908-7754.

听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。

9. Which of the following is the man’s favorite food?

A. Carrots.

B. Chocolate cakes.

C. Fruits.

10. What are the two speakers probably doing now?

A. Having a meal.

B. Shopping.

C. Preparing food.

11. What does the woman say about carrots?

A. It is rich in fibers.

B. It can reduce weight.

C. It contains much vitamin C.

听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。

12. Where is the conversation taking place?

A. In the man’s house.

B. In the woman’s house.

C. In their frie nd’s house.

13. What color is the meat container?

A. Blue.

B. Yellow.

C. Red.

14. What is the side dish mentioned by the man?

A. Eggplant with soy sauce.

B. Pork with pineapple.

C. Tomatoes with sugar.

听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。

15. Who is learning Chinese probably?

A. Rose.

B. Jane.

C. Jack.

16. How many children does the woman have?

A. Three.

B. Four.

C. Five.

17. What will the woman do tomorrow?

A. Go to the cinema.

B. Go to the McDonald’s.

C. Go to school.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18. What happened to the speaker?

A. He transferred to another post in another city.

B. His colleagues started to get along well with him.

C. His hard work got paid off.

19. What contributions did the speaker make for the company?

A. He helped increase the sales.

B. He helped build a branch company.

C. He helped make new products.

20. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. The speaker’s pay rose to $15, 000 per year.

B. The speaker’s department sales increased a lot last year.

C. The speaker refused the rise.

第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）

第一节：单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）

请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21. ---Mary knocked into a tree last night while driving, but she is all right.

---She is lucky. She herself badly.

A. should injure

B. might injure

C. should have injured

D. could have injured

23. ---The manager finally agreed to our new marketing proposals.

---It never occurred to me you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.

A. which

B. what

C. that

D. if

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：--经理最后终于同意我们的新市场议案了。--我从没有想到你能成功的说服他改变主意。这里使用了固定句型：It occurs/occurred to sb that ….“某人突然想起…”,it是形式主语，that 引导的是真正的主语从句，所以选C。

考点：考查固定句型

24. A case of suspected food poisoning in New York has led to 6 high school students to

hospital.

A. being sent

B. sent

C. sending

D. to be sent

26. --- Do you remember the first time you with a foreigner?

--- Not really, but I remember it was in a KFC.

A. talked

B. had talked

C. have talked

D. are talking

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：你记得你第一次和外国人谈话吗？--不太记得了，但是我记得是在肯德基。因为是the first time，还有it was…，说明这次谈话是过去发生的，用一般过去时，选A。

考点：考查时态

27. On 5 December 2013, China Central Bank prohibited financial institutions from handling

Bitcoin transactions, _____ to regulate the virtual currency.

A. moved

B. to move

C. having moved

D. moving

30. --- We had really smoggy December this year.

--- I can’t remember winter when air was polluted so severely.

A. a; /

B. a; the

C. the; the

D. a; a

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：今年我们度过了一个雾霾的12月份。--我不记得有一个冬天空气被污染的如此严重的。第一空填a，泛指“一个雾霾的12月份”，第二空填a，泛指“一个冬天”，选D。

考点：考查冠词

31. ---With the country’s pension fund gap becoming wider than ever, retirement age should be

postponed immediately.

---Easier said than done. we take all factors into account, we shall be faced with some other social problems.

A. Unless

B. Until

C. When

D. Once

33. ---Could you help me take care of my pet dog on the 19th?

--- I’m afraid I’m not that day.

A. vacant

B. sufficient

C. available

D. convenient

第二节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Even though Danish students have equal access to education, their choice of studies is still influenced by social class. Young people from working class backgrounds are 36 by studies with a clear job profile侧面，半面，外形，轮廓and high income, 37 prestige and studies with a strong identity interest young people of parents with university degrees when choosing which studies to 38 . This is what researchers from the University of Copenhagen 39 in a new study. Students who have chosen to study medicine, architecture, economy and sociology often come from homes where the parents have 40 higher education, whereas business studies and

pharmacy often 41 young people with a working class background. This is 42 by a research team from the University of Copenhagen and Aalborg University in a new study.

“There is a 43 between the studies chosen by young Danes and their 44 background. Even for the young people who have very good grades in their A-level exams, and who could successfully 45 admission to a large variety of studies, the parents’ 46 of education and social class play an important role in their choice,” says Education Sociologist Jens Peter Thomsen, who is one of the researchers behind the study.

The study “The Educational Strategies of Danish University Students from Professional and Working-Class Backgrounds” is 47 60 interviews with Danish students from six different university level study programmes: Medicine, architecture, sociology, economy, pharmacy and business studies.

The young people bring with them the 48 they get from their families. If you grow up in a home with parents who are doctors or architects with a strong professional 49 , it is an obvious choice to follow the 50 path as your parents when you grow up.

“For young people whose parents are university educated, 51 such as fame and mastery of expert knowledge are important. They are 52 by an educational culture in which you are a diligent student, and where leisure activities are 53 to the identity that lies within your studies. These young people have also grown up with 54 discussions around the dinner table which also prepare them for their lives as st udents,” says Jens Peter Thomsen.

He also added, “Young people who come from a working class background, and have good grades to 55 the full range of opportunities they have. But the effort to reach this goal must start early”.

【小题1】 A. monitored B. motivated C. motioned D. multiplied 【小题2】A. while B. although C. when D. if

【小题3】 A. pursue B. engage C. involve D. conduct

【小题4】 A. calculate B. suspect C. conclude D. achieve

【小题5】A. required B. confirmed C. refused D. completed 【小题6】 A. subscribes to B. caters to C. sticks to D. appeals to

【小题7】 A. inquired B. proved C. extended D. acquired 【小题8】A. connection B. comparison C. difference D.

contradiction

【小题9】A. educational B. political C. social D. professional

【小题10】 A. balance B. develop C. identify D. seek

【小题11】A. situation B. judgment C. level D. preference 【小题12】A. connected with B. based on C. committed to D. combined with 【小题13】A. resources B. experiences C. finance D. memory

【小题14】A. degree B. identity C. success D. responsibility 【小题15】A. perfect B. usual C. common D. same

【小题16】A. changes B. problems C. factors D. characters

【小题17】A. disturbed B. moved C. puzzled D. attracted 【小题18】A. tied B. accustomed C. transferred D. copied

【小题19】 A. practical B. topical C. physical D. medical

【小题20】A. take charge of B. take control of C. take advantage of D. take care of

【答案】

【小题1】B

【小题2】A

【小题3】A

【小题4】C

【小题5】D

【小题6】D

【小题7】B

【小题8】A

【小题9】C

【小题10】D

【小题11】C

【小题12】B

【小题13】A

【小题14】B

【小题15】D

【小题16】C

【小题17】D

【小题18】A

【小题19】B

【小题20】C

【小题9】考查形容词辨析：A. educational教育的，B. political 政治的，C. social社会的，D. professional专业的，从第一段的句子：Even though Danish students have equal access to education, their choice of studies is still influenced by social class.可知是选C

考点：考查教育类短文

第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

At the moment, there are two reliable ways to make electricity

directly, by liberating electrons from a semiconducting material such

as silicon. Or you can concentrate the sun’s rays using mirrors, boil

water with them, and employ the steam to drive a generator.

Both work. But both are expensive. Gang Chen of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Zhifeng Ren of Boston College therefore propose an alternative. They suggest that a phenomenon called the thermoelectric（热电）effect might be used instead—and they have built a prototype （原型）to show that the idea is practical.

Thermoelectric devices are not new. They are used, for example, to capture waste heat from car engines. They work because certain materials generate an electrical potential difference within themselves if one part is hotter than another. That can be used to drive a current through an external circuit.

The reason thermoelectric materials have not, in the past, been applied successfully to the question of solar power is that to get a worthwhile current you have to have a significant temperature difference. (200℃ is considered a good starting point.) In a car engine, that is easy. For sunlight, however, it means concentrating the heat in some way. And if you are going to the trouble of building mirrors to do that, you might as well go down the steam-generation route, which is a much more efficient way of producing electricity. If the heat concentration could be done without all the equipment of mirrors, though, thermoelectricity’s inefficiency would be balanced by the cheapness of the equipment.

In their view, three things are needed to create a workable solar-thermoelectric device. The first is to make sure that most of the sunlight which falls on it is absorbed, rather than being reflected. The second is to choose a thermoelectric material which conducts heat badly but electricity well. The third is to be certain that the temperature gradient（梯度）which that badly conducting material creates is not wasted by poor design.

【小题1】The following methods can be adopted to make electricity from sunlight EXCEPT .

A. putting a panel of solar cells into use

B. concentrating sun’s rays with mirrors

C. creating a solar-thermoelectric device

D. building a practical solar prototype

【小题2】Why was the application of thermoelectric materials a failure in the past?

A. Becaus e it’s hard for them to build enough mirrors to make it work.

B. Because 200℃ was hard to reach at that time even in a car engine.

C. Because of the failure of having a significant temperature difference.

D. Because it was hard to focus the sun’s rays with equipment of mirrors.

【小题3】Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

考点：考查科普类短文

B

Q: On Facebook, my friends are a mix of real-life pals, former classmates, professional colleagues, extended-family members, and … my mom. Mom is the first to like and comment on everything I post, which is annoying. I tried talking to her about it, but her feelings quickly got hurt, so I backed off. I know I can’t block her, but now I don’t want to post anything. How do I handle this?

A:This is about Facebook, not your mom. The often-shrugged-off truth about social media is that nothing is private. It’s easy to forget this, so in a way, you’re lucky that your mom is reminding you. Everything you post—comments, likes, photos—is freely available to future friends, employers, lovers etc unless blocked. That said, you can ask Mom again nicely to tone it down. You can also customize your controls so she can’t see everything you post.

Q: In which situations am I required to make a phone call versus send a text message?

A: A text is for information—time, date, news. It’s for the stuff you can keep short and sweet.

A phone call is for analysis, discussion, opinion, and, if you must, gossip.

Q: I’m always on Facebook, so I just send messages to friends through the sit e. But when should I log off and send an e-mail?

A:When you’re serious about anything. Think of it as chatting with someone on a bus versus asking her to meet you for coffee. The former is good for casual conversation; the latter is personal and requires attention.

Q: For which occasions should I mail paper invitations versus send e-mail ones? (E-cards are free and easy—what’s not to love?!)

A:Anything important needs a paper invitation. That’s your baseline. So ask yourself: “Do I want people to dress up for this event?” If the answer is yes, dress up your invitation by making it printed instead of virtual. For more casual events and gatherings, e-card away. Q: Is using emoticons ever inappropriate to express a feeling or make a point in texts or e-mails? A:Emoticons are for fun. Is the message you’re writing fun? Use an emoticon. Are you asking for a big favor? Skip it. Is the message to your boss or a colleague? Skip it. Avoid them if you want to be taken seriously about anything.

Q: I have a big, happy announcement to share with a lot of people. Is it appropriate to share it on my blog?

A:Yes, so you don’t have to go cc-ing everyone in an e-mail. Post away. But send a private message to those who should know first.

Q: I have a big, sad announcement. What should I do?

A:Respect your privacy—and yourself. Pick up the phone and call a trusted friend or family member to let her know, and then ask her to help spread the news offline.

【小题1】What do we learn about social media from the first Q and A?

A. It is illegal to keep track of personal privacy on Facebook.

B. Personal privacy is inaccessible online with control customized.

C. People tend to ignore privacy provided it is blocked purposefully.

D. We need someone to remind us constantly of our privacy online.

【小题２】Which of the following is appropriate about using social media?

A. Sending texts to consult a doctor for surgery

B. Carrying on casual conversations via emails.

C. Emailing your boss with emoticons for promotion.

D. Writing a formal invitation for a dress-up event.

【小题３】According to the passage, how would you make it known that you have won a scholarship to Harvard?

A. Arranging for a social gathering to celebrate it.

B. Informing your teachers who may help you spread.

C. Telling your parents before posting it on your blog.

D. Sending everyone a message privately to share it.

【答案】

【小题1】B

【小题２】D

【小题３】C

【解析】

试题分析：文章通过问答的形式介绍了我们在使用社交媒体的时候，需要注意的事项。

【小题1】细节题：从第一段的句子：This is about Facebook, not your mom. The often-shrugged-off truth about social media is that nothing is private. 可知设置了控制隐私就看不见了，选B

【小题２】细节题：根据第四个问题下面的回答：Anything important needs a paper invitation. That’s your baseline. So ask yourself: “Do I want people to dress up for this event?” If the answer is yes, dress up your invitation by making it printed instead of virtual. 可知一个化妆晚会需要写正式的邀请信，选D

【小题３】细节题：从倒数第二段的句子：Yes, so you don’t have to go cc-ing everyone in an e-mail. Post away. But send a private message to those who should know first.可知获得奖学金这样的事情，要先告诉父母再发布到博客里面，选 C

考点：考查日常生活类短文

C

My day began on a definitely sour note when I saw my six-year-old wrestling with a limb of my azalea（杜鹃花）bush. By the time I got outside, he’d broken it. “Can I take this to school today?” he asked. With a wave of my hand, I sent him off. I turned my back so he wouldn’t see the tears gathering in my eyes.

The washing machine had leaked on my brand-new linoleum. If only my husband had just taken the time to fix it the night before when I asked him instead of playing checkers with Jonathan.

It was days like this that made me want to quit. I just wanted to drive up to the mountains, hide in a cave, and never come out.

Somehow I spent most of the day washing and drying clothes and thinking how love had disappeared from my life. As I finished hanging up the last of my husband’s shirts, I looked at the clock. 2:30. I was late. Jonathan’s class let out at 2:15 and I hurriedly drove to the school.

I was out of breath by the tim e I knocked on the teacher’s door and peered through the glass. She rustled through the door and took me aside. “I want to talk to you about Jonathan,” she said.

I prepared myself for the worst. Nothing would have surprised me. “Did you know Jonathan broug ht flowers to school today?” she asked. I nodded, thinking about my favorite bush and trying to hide the hurt in my eyes. “Let me tell you about yesterday,” the teacher insisted. “See that little girl?” I watched the bright-eyed child laugh and point to a colorful picture taped to the wall. I nodded.

“Well, yesterday she was almost hysterical. Her mother and father are going through a nasty divorce. She told me she didn’t want to live, she wished she could die. I watched that little girl bury her face in he r hands and say loud enough for the class to hear, ‘Nobody loves me.’ I did all I could to comfort her, but it only seemed to make matters worse.” “I thought you wanted to talk to me about Jonathan,” I said.

“I do,” she said, touching the sleeve of my blouse. “Today your son walked straight over to that child. I watched him hand her some pretty pink flowers and whisper, ‘I love you.’“

I felt my heart swell with pride for what my son had done. I smiled at the teacher. “Thank you,” I said, reaching for Jonathan’s hand, “you’ve made my day.”

Later that evening, I began pulling weeds from around my azalea bush. As my mind wandered back to the love Jonathan showed the little girl, a biblical verse came to me: “...these three

remain: faith, hope and love. But the greatest of these is love.” While my son had put love into practice, I had only felt anger.

I heard the familiar squeak of my husband’s brakes as he pulled into the drive. I snapped

a small lim

b bristling with hot pink azaleas off the bush. I felt the seed of love that God planted in my family beginning to bloom once again in me. My husband’s eyes widened in surprise as I handed him the flowers. “I love you,” I said.

【小题1】 Why did the woman cry when seeing her son had broken the azalea bush?

A. Because she could not tolerate the harm to it.

B. Because it made her bad mood even worse.

C. Because her son did not ask her for permission.

D. Because she wanted to hand it to her husband.

【小题２】The writer wanted to hide in the mountain cave probably for the reason of .

A. feeling fed up with her endless daily housework

B. her husband’s failing to fix the machine in time

C. boring daily routine with a feeling of lack of love

D. her hoping to seek happiness in a brand new place

【小题３】We can infer from the passage that the writer expressed love to her husband in that .

A. she was inspired by her son that love was supposed to be felt and practiced

B. she felt guilty that she misunderstood her husband and wanted to apologize

C. she felt it necessary to have a complete family for the happiness of herself

D. she wanted to prove her love and expected the same words from her husband

【小题1】细节题：从第一段的句子：My day began on a definitely sour note when I saw my six-year-old wrestling with a limb of my azalea（杜鹃花）bush. 可知作者这一天开始就很糟，儿子又将她的杜鹃花破坏了，所以她难过的哭了，选B

D

It doesn’t kill germs better than cooler water, but turning tap

temperatures high, the US burns carbon equal to the emissions of

Barbados.

People typically wash their hands seven times a day in the United

States, but they do it at a far higher temperature than is necessary to kill germs, a new study says. The energy waste is equivalent to the fuel use of a small country.

It’s cold and flu season, when many people are concerned about avoiding germs. But forget what you think you know about hand washing, say researchers at Vanderbilt University. Chances are good that how you clean up is not helping you stay healthy; it is helping to make the planet sick.

Amanda R. Carrico, a research assistant professor at the Vanderbilt Institute for Energy and Environment in Tennessee, told National Geographic that hand washing is often “a case where people act in ways that they think are in their best interest, but they in fact have inaccurate beliefs or outdated perceptions.”

Carrico said, “It’s certainly true that heat kills bacteria, but if you were going to use hot water to kill them it would have to be way too hot for you to tolerate.”

She explained that boiling water, 212°F (99.98°C), is sometimes used to kill germs - for example, to clean drinking water that might be polluted with germs. But “hot” water for hand washing is generally with in 104°F to 131°F (40°C to 55°C.) At the high end of that range, heat could kill some germs, but the sustained contact that would be required would scald the skin.

Carrico said that after a review of the scientific literature, her team found “no eviden ce that using hot water that a person could stand would have any benefit in killing bacteria.” Even water as cold as 40°F (4.4°C) appeared to reduce bacteria as well as hotter water, if

hands were scrubbed, rinsed（冲洗）and dried properly.

In fact, she no ted that hot water can often have an unfavorable effect on hygiene. “Warmer water can harm the skin and affect the protective layer on the outside, which can cause it to be less resistant to bacteria,” said Carrico.

Using hot water to wash hands is therefore unnecessary, as well as wasteful, Carrico said, particularly when it comes to the environment. According to her research, people use warm or hot water 64 percent of the time when they wash their hands. Using that number, Carrico’s team calculated a significant impact on the planet.

“Although the choice of water temperature during a single hand wash may appear minor, when multiplied by the nearly 800 billion hand washes performed by Americans each year, this practice results in more than 6 millio n metric tons of CO2 equivalent emissions annually,” she said.

That’s roughly equal to the emissions of two coal-fired power plants, or 1,250,000 passenger vehicles, over the course of a year. It’s higher than the greenhouse gas emissions of small countries like El Salvador or Armenia, and is about equivalent to the emissions of Barbados. If all US citizens washed their hands in cooler water, it would be like eliminating the energy-related carbon emissions of 299,700 US homes, or the total annual emissions from the US zinc or lead industries.

The researchers found that close to 70 percent of respondents said they believe that using hot water is more effective than warm, room temperature, or cold water, despite a lack of evidence backing that up, sai d Carrico. Her study noted research that showed a “strong cognitive（认知的）connection” between water temperature and hygiene in both the United States and Western Europe, compared to other countries, like Japan, where hot water is associated more with comfort than with health.

The researchers published their results in the July 2013 issue of International Journal of Consumer Studies. They recommended washing with water that is at a “comfortable” temperature, which they noted may be warmer in cold months and cooler in hot ones.

【小题1】What does the writer mainly focus on when writing this passage?

A. Whether hot water helps kill germs effectively in hand washing.

B. How hot water contributes to the serious worsening of our planet.

C. Why the consumption of hot water is unnecessary and wasteful.

D. What the advantages and disadvantages of using hot water are.

高三英语上学期期末考试试题(1)

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