高级英语第一册第三课课后练习答案

练习答案：Lesson 3 Ships in the Desert

I.

1)The writer went to the Aral Sea to search for the underlying causes of the environmental crisis. What he saw there was hot dry sand.

2)It was the annual layers of ice in a core sample dug from the glacier.

3)Scientists were monitoring the air several times a day to chart the course of the climate change.

4)Because the polar cap plays a crucial role in the world's weather system, the thinning of the polar cap might cause flood in many places of the world.

5)There are more different species of birds in each square mile of the Amazon than exist in all of North America. The destruction of the Amazon rain forest will mean silencing thousands of songs we have never even heard.

6)The writer calls noctilucent clouds"ghosts in the sky". As a result of pollution, the clouds occasionally appear when the earth is first cloaked in the evening darkness. And they appear more often because of a huge buildup of methane gas in the atmosphere.

7)Because we are not yet awakened to take effective measures to deal with the climate change.

8)Carbon dioxide's ability to trap heat in the atmosphere causes global warming. Because global warming seriously threatens the global climate

equilibrium that determines the pat- tern of winds, rainfall, surface temperatures, ocean cur- rents, and sea level. These in turn determine the distribution of vegetative and animal life on land and sea and have a great effect on the location and pattern of human societies.

9)The two key factors are human population and the scientific and technological development. The dramatic changes that have occurred in these two factors are a sudden and startling surge in human population and a sudden acceleration of the scientific and technological revolution.

10)The writer's solution to our ecological problems is to reinvent and finally heal the relationship between human beings and the earth by carrying out a careful reassessment of all the {actors that led to the relatively recent dramatic change in the relationship.

Ⅱ.

1)It was not at all possible to catch a large amount of fish.

2)Following the layers of ice in the core sample, his finger came to the place where the layer of ice was formed 2050 years ago.

3)keeps its engines running for fear that if he stops them, the metal parts would be frozen solid and the engines would not be able to start again

4)Bit by bit trees in the rain forest are felled and the land is cleared and turned into pasture where cattle can be raised quickly and slaughtered

and the beef can be used in ham- burgers.

5)Since miles of forest are being destroyed and the habitat for these rare birds no longer exists, thousands of birds which we have not even had a chance to see will become extinct.

6)Thinking about how a series of events might happen as a consequence of the thinning of the polar cap is not just a kind of practice in conjecture (speculation), it has got practical V alue.

7) We are using and destroying resources in such a huge amount that we are disturbing the balance between daylight and darkness.

8) Or have we been so accustomed to the bright electric lights that we fail to understand the threatening implication of these clouds.

9)To put forword the question in a different way

10)and greatly affect the living places and activities of human societies

ll)We seem unaware that the earth's natural systems are delicate.

12)And this continuing revolution has also suddenly developed at a speed that doubled and tripled the original speed.

Ⅲ. See the translation of the text.

IV.

1)transportation, imitation, destruction

2)encirclement, enrichment, enlightenment

3)postage, coinage, advantage

4)sharpness, boldness, smoothness

5)admission, concession, depression

6)productivity, sensitivity, desirability

7)posture, departure, indenture

8)independence, prudence, impudence

9)flagrancy, consistency, potency

10)analysis, metabasis, metamorphosis

ll)dictatorship, ownership, partnership

12)depth, length, birth

V.

1)technology 技术2)ecology 生态学

3)hydrology 水文学4)phrenology 颅像学

5)neurology 神经病学6)pathology 病理学

7)physiology生理学8)pharmacology药理学

9)gynaecology妇科学lO)oceanology海洋学

11)lexicology词汇学12)archaeology考古学

13)anthropology人类学14)criminology犯罪学Ⅵ．

1)anarchist无政府主义者

2)naturalist自然主义者

3)biologist生物学家

4)psychologist心理学家

5)satirist讽刺作家

6)encyclopaedist百科全书编纂者

7)geologist地质学家

8)sociologist社会学家

9)zoologist动物学家

lO)impressionist印象派艺术家

l1)environmentalist环境保护论者

12)terrorist恐怖主义分子

Ⅶ．

1)submarine潜水艇

2)submerge淹没，潜入水中

3)subantartic亚南极的

4)subsolar在太阳正下面的，赤道的

5)subhead小标题

6)subaquatic半水栖的

7)subdivide把……再分

8)suboxide低氧化物

9)subclass亚纲

lO) subclimax亚顶极群落

l1)subcommittee小组委员会

12)subconscious下意识的

13)subcontinent次大陆

14)subcontract转包合同

15)subculture亚文化群

16)subspecies亚种

17)subsoil 底土

18)sublethal ( 毒药的量等) 尚不致命的

Ⅷ.

inland sea, desert, core sample, glacier, atmosphere, carbon dioxide, polar ice cap, global warming, Amazon rain forest, species of birds, ecological balance, noctilucent cloud, methane gas, natural gas, landfills, coal mines, rice paddies, termites, biomass, upper atmosphere, elephants, greenhouse gases, water vapor, growing mountains of waste, acid rain, chlorine, human activities, heat-absorbing molecules, global climate equilibrium, winds, rainfall, surface temperatures, ocean currents, sea level, vegetative and animal life, etc.

IX.

1)basic examples 2)unalterable 3)meeting 4)characterized strike against each other 5)set up 6)see, attack 7)at the same time 8)balance 9)increasing, existence 10)task ll)out-of-date

X.

1)consequences 2)results 3)results 4)outcome 5)results, 6)outcome 7)causes 8)causes 9)reason 10)reason ll)relations 12)relationship 13) relations 14)relationship 15)complex 16)complex 17)complicated 18)complex 19)simple 20)simplistic

XI.

1)with 2)of 3)on 4)of 5)in 6)in 7)against 8)than 9)of lO)as ll)as 12)with 13)of 14)of 15)for 16)of

XII.

relationship, environment, garbage, what, endless, allow, that, dumping, dispose, drown, having, old, mind, running, waste, it, sight 11 recent, debates, disposal, ocean, elsewhere, confront, capacity, of, quantities, only, change, reduce, we, used, interdependent, chosen, unless,

dramatically, thinking, humankind, inherit

XIII. Omitted.

XIV.

We Must Protect Our Ecological System

With the development of human civilization, man has created countless wonders, but at what a price! Our ecological sys-tem, on which all animals' existence depends, has been seriously damaged and is still being threatened. The earth's temperature is getting higher, more and more forests are being felled, large numbers of animals are facing extinction, and deserts are expanding at an incredible rate.

The causes for the worsening ecological system are manifold. Perhaps two of the major problems lie in people's pursuit of short-term interests with little attention to long-term interest sand their pursuit of individual interests rather than collective interests. In the first case, many lakes are filled to grow crops or even build houses; trees are cut down, only bare mountains stand cold in the wind and are capable of holding no water when it rains. In the second case, scenic spots become dirty and deserted because of newly established nearby factories producing waste water and air; industrial countries invest heavily in chemical factories in the Third

World nations, keeping their own land relatively clean.

To solve the problems mentioned above, we should try our best to balance short-term interests with long-term ones by making long-term plans and taking as many things as possible into consideration. We're living today and are still to live tomorrow we and our posterity both have to live on the earth. Besides, Global action should be taken to protect our ecological system. People, eastern or western, rich or poor, should join their hands to prevent our ecological system from being further damaged. We have only one earth and we have to make it a better world.

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U1 Vocabulary Task 1 1. With his index finger, Patterson pointed toward a plain color-coded box a long wooden table. Your answer(s) Correct answer(s) beneath beneath 2. He himself as a waiter and watched what was going on around. Your answer(s) Correct answer(s) disguised disguised 3. He often a tune during the morning tea break when his boss is not around. Your answer(s) Correct answer(s) whistles whistles 4. And again she shouted in a high-pitched voice, word by word, with no attempt to herself, "I can not stand any more." Your answer(s) Correct answer(s) restrain restrain 5. There were certain people in that room, like Peter and John, who had failed to what I was saying. Your answer(s) Correct answer(s) grasp grasp 6. During that time I was overwhelmed with for those innocent days of early childhood. Your answer(s) Correct answer(s) longing longing 7. I'm just that the board of directors will take step before it is too late. Your answer(s) Correct answer(s) praying praying 8. She was the director's assistant in whom he could have absolute confidence. Your answer(s) Correct answer(s) faithful faithful 9. These developers to build low-income housing units when the supply of affordable housing for poor people continues to shrink. Your answer(s) Correct answer(s) pledge pledge 10. People have been mobilized to build defenses and flooded land as heavy rains continue to fall. Your answer(s) Correct answer(s) drain drain 11. I got a postcard from a friend which says "Wishing you both a Christmas and a happy New Year." Your answer(s) Correct answer(s)

高级英语(1)第三版 Lesson 6 Mark Twain Paraphrase&Translation 答案

1) Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure 2) The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied-- a cosmos. 3) All would resurface in his books, together with the colorful language that he soaked up with a memory that seemed phonographic 4) Steamboat decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but its flotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as well. 5) He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever in Nevada's Washoe region. 6) Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist. 7) "It was a splendid population – for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home... 8) 'Well, that is California all over’'" 9) "What a robust people, what a nation of thinkers we might be, if we would only lay ourselves on the shelf occasionally and renew our edges." 10) The last of his own illusions seemed to have crumbled near the end. 参考答案 1) Mark Twain is known to most Americans as the author of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and its sequel Huckleberry Finn, which are generally acknowledged to be his greatest works. Huck Finn is noted for his simple and pleasant journey through his boyhood which seems eternal and Tom Sawyer is famous for his free roam of the country and his adventure in one summer which seems never to end. The youth and summer are eternal because this is the only age and time we knew them. They are frozen in that age or season for all readers. 2) In his new profession he could meet people of all kinds. His work on the boat made it possible for him to meet a large variety of people. It is a world of all types of characters. 3) All would reappear in his books, written in the colorful language that he seemed to be able to remember and record as accurately as a phonograph. 4) Steamboat decks were filled with people of pioneering spirit (people who explored and prepared the way for others) and also lawless people or social outcasts such as hustlers, gamblers and thugs. 5) He took a horse-drawn public vehicle and went west to Nevada, following the flow of people in the Gold Rush. 6) Mark Twain began working hard to became well known locally as a newspaper reporter and humorist. 7) Those who came pioneering out west were energetic, courageous and reckless people, because those who stayed at home were slow, dull and lazy people. 8) That's typical of California. 9) If we relaxed, rested or stayed away from all this crazy struggle for success occasionally and kept the daring and enterprising spirit, we would be able to remain strong and healthy and continue to produce great thinkers. 10) At the end of his life, he lost the last bit of his positive view of man and the world.