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广东英语新苏版5unit4精品学案(1)-语法

广东英语新苏版5unit4精品学案（1）-语法

Unit4Makingthenews-Grammar

【学习目标】了解并掌握过去分词做状语，在练习中复习区分其做定语，表语，补语及状语的不同情况。

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知识要点：

1、倒装句〔Inversion〕

英语的差不多语序是“主语+谓语”。假如将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为“倒装”。

探究点一：倒装句之全部倒装

1.在“there+be”结构中的谓语动词有时不用be,而用表示类似“存在”，“发生”，“出现”，“坐落”等意义的不及物动词作谓语。如：live〔有，生活着〕,stand〔有〕,come〔显出〕,lie(有),flow(映照),enter〔进来〕,happen〔发生〕,rise〔出现〕和appear等。山顶上耸立着一座古塔。Therestandsanancienttoweronthetopofthemountain.

远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.

2.表示地点的介词短语表示的状语，提早位于句首时，全部倒装。

一只小狗坐在房间外。Outsidetheroomsitsalittledog.

一座碉楼座落在山顶上。Ontopofthehillstandsawatchtower.

2)以here,there,now,then等副词或out,in,up,down,away等表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首以示强调，句子要全部倒装，谓语动词常用come,go,be,lie,run,rush等

铃响了。Theregoesthebell.那个男孩走开了。Awaywenttheboy.

小孩子冲了出来。Outrushedthechildren.这是你的信。Hereisyourletter.

【疑难】

他走开了。Awayhewent.她来了。Thereshecomes.Hereitis.

【疑难剖析】当主语是人称代词时，主谓语序不变。

3.表语置于句首时，为了使上下文紧密衔接,常把表语放在句首,倒装结构为：表语＋连系动词＋主语【注意】如今，主语较长，可还原为正常语序即：主＋系动词＋表语。

出席晚会的有黄先生，张小姐和其他的宾客。

Mr.H,MissZhandotherguestsarepresentattheparty.

→PresentatthepartyareMr.H,MissHandotherguests.

坐在地上的是一群年轻人。

Agroupofyoungmenseatedontheground。→Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungmen.

5.such,thefollowing等放句首时，句子要完全倒装。

生活确实是如此。Suchislife.

那个问题的答案如下。Thefollowingistheanswertothequestion.

探究点一：倒装句之部分倒装

部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。假如句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do/does/did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。

1.句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。

这类词或短语要紧有never,neither,nor,little,seldom(特别少，不常〕,rarely〔特别少，罕有〕,hardly,scarcely〔几乎不，简直没有〕,nosooner〔马上〕,notonly,innoway〔决不〕,atnotime,few,not,no，bynomeans,Notonly…butalso,Hardly/Scarcely…when,Nosooner…tha等放在句首时，需用部分倒装。如:

他特别少出去吃饭。Heseldomgoesoutfordinner./Seldomdoeshegooutfordinner.

她几乎没时间听音乐。

Shehardlyhastimetolistentomusic./Hardlydoesshehavetimetolistentomusic.

他不甚明白那个会议的重要性。

Helittlerealizeshowimportantthismeetingis./ Littledoesherealizehowimportantthismeetingis.

母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom. Notonlydidherefusethegift,healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批判了送礼的人。

注意：只有当Notonly…butalso连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。假如置于句首的Notonly…butalso仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构，如NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic。

3.only在句首倒装的情况。例如：

Onlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishwell.只有如此，你才能学好英语。Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.叫了三次，他才来参加会议。

假如句子为主从复合句，那么主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如：Onlywhenheisseriouslyilldoesheeverstayinbed.病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。

4.as,though引导的倒装句。

as/though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提早〔形容词,副词,分词,实义动词提早〕。但需注意：

1〕句首名词不能带任何冠词。

2〕句首是实义动词,其他助动词放在主语后。假如实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。例如：

Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.他工作特别努力，但总不能让人中意。5.在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,had,should等词，可将if省略，把were,had,should移到

主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如：

我要是你的话，就再试一次。WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.

假如我那时听了课的话(attendthelecture)，现在就能做出这道题了。

HadIattendedthelecturethen,Icouldworkouttheproblemnow.

练习一:

1.Notuntilshehadsupper，didhermothercomeback〔她妈妈才回家〕。〔come〕

2.Tiredasshewas〔尽管她累了〕，shehelpedhermothertodothehomework.(as)

3.Should youbefired〔你被开除〕,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.〔f ire〕.

4.Neverinmywildestdreams couldIimagine(我能想像)thesepeoplearelivinginsuchpoorconditions.〔imagine〕

5.Onlywiththehelpofthelocalguide werethemountainclimbersrescued〔那些登山者获救了〕〔res cue〕

6.GreatlylovedinChina aretheEnglishRomanticpoets〔是英国浪漫诗人〕〔poet〕

7.So difficultdidIfindit〔我觉得难〕toworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.〔fin d〕

8.teacherashewas〔尽管他是个教师〕，hewasn’tabletoeducatehisownchildwell.〔as〕

9.I’vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish,butbynomeans istheteachersatisfiedwithmyprogres s〔老师对我的进步中意〕。〔satisfy〕

10.No soonerhadthebellrung〔铃声一响〕thantheteachercamein.〔sooner〕

练习二:

AnathletewhocompetedinBeijingOlympicstalkedabouthisexperienceinBeijing:

答案：

?LittledoIknowaboutBeijing.

?HardlydoIknowaboutBeijing.

? 2.NeverhadIstudiedChinese.

? 3.SeldomdidIseesomanypeople.

? 4.NeitherdareIspeaktoBeijingers.

? 5.NeverwouldImissthechance.

?Bynomeans/InnocasewouldImiss

?thechance.

6.NotuntilthendidIfallinlovewithBeijing.

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高考英语语法填空技巧与方法高考语法填空题究竟考什么？怎么考？请看下面的研究结果吧。只有数据事实最具说服力。 1.考什么？根据此表，我们知道，语法填空的考点或考查内容是： (1)纯空格题：通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词。 (2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、词类转换等。解题高招 1. 通读全文，把握大意。既然是通过语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在解题前，应快速浏览短文，把握全文大意，这一步非常重要。 2. 结合语境，试填空格。读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语言环境，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的结构和意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。具体来说，可按设题类型分为三类情况： (1)纯空格试题的解题技巧。首先，分析句子结构，确定填哪类词。然后，再根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。确定填哪类词有以下7个技巧：技巧1：缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)。如：

[例1]I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and ___38___ gets there almost in a second. 技巧2：名词前面，若没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词)，很可能是填限定词。[例2]It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to help ___33___rice crop grow up quickly. [例3]…the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to ___35___ small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage. 技巧3：句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。[例4]…who should have the honour of receiving me ___33___ a guest in their house. 技巧4：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。 [例5]…two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso ___34Candido Portinari, which are worth millions of dollars. [例6]…all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me ___36___almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. (2008年深圳一模) 技巧5：若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词或从属连词。 [例7] I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days ___32___I was to return to Guangzhou. [例8] He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, ___37___he felt very happy…(2008年广东高考) 技巧6：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等)。 [例9]What is acceptable in one country ___31___be considered extremely rude in another. [例10] He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he ______ bring home a regular salary. 技巧7：由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。 (1)由it is…that…强调结构形式，判断填it还是that。如： [例11] …and ___40was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn’t eat MSG (味精)! (2)由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had等，还是填do, does, did等。如： [例12] ______with hard work can you expect to get pay rise. (3)由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格处是否填it。如： [例13] …as ___32___took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two world-famous artists…[例14]Dating sites also make ___36___easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in. (4)so /such…that…句型。如： [例15] This made the goat so jealous ___34___it began plotting against (谋划对付) the donkey. (5)more…than…(与其说……不如说……，比……更……)句型。如： [例16]Cynthia’s story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares ___40___ how much he pays. (2) 给出了动词的试题的解题技巧首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。技巧8：若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。 [例17]His fear of failure ___36___ (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. [例18] That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her Invitation, ___40___ (close) my book and walked away. [例19] In Logan, three people ___38___ (take)to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. 技巧9：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用—ing形式、—ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有： (1)作主语或宾语，通常用—ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。如：

专插本必备语法

专插本必备语法一、时态、语态时态、语态需要掌握的要点： 1.表达将来时的形式： (1)在时间、条件、让步从句中，一般现在时代替将来时，但要注意区别从句的类型，如： I’ll tell him when you will ring again. 我告诉他你什么时候再来电话。(宾语从句) 比较：I’ll tell him when you ring again.你再打电话时我告诉他。(状语从句) (2)在make sure, make certain, see (to it) 后的that从句中，谓语动词用一般现在时代替将来时，如： See to it that you include in the paper whatever questions they didn’t know the answer to last time. (include 不能用will include或其他形式) 2.完成时是时态测试的重点，注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语： (1)by/between/up to/till +过去时间、since、by the time/when +表示过去发生情况的从句，主句用过去完成时。如：We had just had our breakfast when an old man came to the door. Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed had been produced. (表示1919年时已发生的情况) (2)by +将来时间、by the time/ when +谓语动词是一般现在时的从句，主句用将来完成时。如： By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks. I hope her health will have improved greatly by the time we come back next year. (3)by now、since +过去时间、in/during/for/over/the past/last few(或具体数字)years/days/months，主句用现在完成时, 但在it is +具体时间since/before这一句型中，主句更多的时候不用完成时。如： The changes that had taken place in air travel during the last sixty years would have seemed completely impossible to even the most brilliant scientists at the turn of the 19th century. It is four years since John left school. (4)在It is the +序数词/形容词最高级+that的定语从句中，谓语动词常用现在完成时。如： It isn’t the first time that I have found myself in an embarrassing situation. (5)在no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely…when…句型中，主句常用过去完成时。 3.完成进行时指动作在完成时的基础上还要继续下去。如： The company has been promising a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened. 时态、语态答题思路： (1)先根据选项的区别点确定考题要点为时态，然后回到题句中寻找给出的或暗示的时间状语，缩小选择范围，进而选出正确答案； (2)根据谓语动词与句子主语或非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系，确定句子是主动语态还是被动语态。二、不定式 1.不定式做主语 (1)引导逻辑主语的介词：不定式的逻辑主语一般由介词for引导,但下列表示人的性格行为特征的形容词做表语时, 不定式的逻辑主语则由of引导： absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind, thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel, selfish, lazy, wicked, wrong。如： Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to stay healthy. It’s clever of you to have invented such a device. (2)不定式做主语补足语：掌握常用不定式做主语补足语的句型。注意不定式表示的动作发生的时间，并采用相应形式。如： be said / reported / thought / believed / known / supposed + to do sth.

广东高考英语语法填空专题训练+答案

广东高考英语语法填空专题训练语法填空（每篇共10小题；每小题1.5分，每篇满分15分）阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号为1—10的相应位置。 Passage (1) Cars are too expensive for many people around the world to own. Not only that, many cities are already full of traffic, and many country areas have rough roads. So 1 do people travel those distances that are too far to walk? They use public transportation. If you ride the subway or bus 2 you live, you can appreciate some of the benefits of public transportation. With many people 3 (share) one bus or train, there is less traffic and, more 4 （importance）, less pollution. Which of the types of mass transit 5 (describe) below are you familiar with? If a regular bus can hold dozens of people, imagine what a bus 6 (two) the size can hold! In Great Britain, there are many buses that are known as double-deckers (cars with two floors). Buses in Haiti are often very crowded. It’s not 7 (common) for passengers to actually sit on the rooftops. Buses are sometimes called “tap-taps”, because the 8 (ride) on the roof tap（敲击）when they want to be dropped off. Many large cities around the world take advantage of the space beneath the streets and run underground trains. People in Paris, Mexico City and Tokyo may use the subway system to get to school, to work, or to visit friends in other 9 (neighbor). Both the Japanese and French have developed High-speed trains to link various cities. While electric trains in North America average 130 kph, the French TGV (high-speed-train) is the world’s fastest, 10 (average) over 270 kph! Passage (2) Australia, the last continent, was discovered by ships 1 (belong) to some European nations in the seventeenth century. These nations were 2 (little) interested in changing it into a colony than in 3 (explore) it. As in the early history of the United States, it was the English 4 set up the settlements in Australia. This history and the geography of these two British colonies have some other things in common as well. Australia and the United States are about the same in size, and their western lands are both not rich 5 soil. It was on the eastern coast of Australia and America that the English first settled, and both colonies soon began to develop towards the west. However, this westward 6 (move) took place 7 because the English were searching for better land than the population was increasing. Settlements of the west part of both countries developed quickly after gold 8 (discover) in America in 1849 and in Australia two years later. Although the development of these two countries has a lot in common, there are some 9 (strike) differences as well. The United States gained its independence from England by revolution while Australia won its independence without having to go to war. Australia, 10 (like) the United States, was firstly turned into a colony by English prisoners and its economic development was in wheat growing and sheep raising. By 1922, for example, Australia had fifteen times more sheep than it had people or almost half as many sheep as there are people today in the United States. Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one has with most of the rest of the world.

广东省高考英语语法填空专题 (共28篇)

广东省高考英语语法填空专题(共28篇) 语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 (1) (2008年佛山二模改编) Several men hit the Sao Paulo Museum of Art just before dawn on December 20th , 2007，and __1__ shocked the authorities as it took the thieves just three minutes to steal paintings __2__ two world— famous artists, Pablo Picasso __3__ Candido Poninari，__4__ are worth millions of dollars. Images from the secret camera show that two men began their action at 5∶09 a. m. ，__5__ the guards in the museum were going through their shift change(换岗). They broke through two glass doors，__6__(run) to the museum?s top floor and grabbed the two paintings from different rooms，somehow __7__(avoid) nearby guards. The alarm never rang，and by 5∶12 a. m. ，they were making their escape. After __8__，the police were interviewing the 30 museum employees. “Everything indicates thieves were sent to do it by some wealthy art lover for __9__ own collection. He was not rich enough to buy the paintings，__10__ he was wealthy，” said the lead police officer，Marcos Gomes de Moura. 1．[解析]第二分句前有and，说明前后句为并列句，用人称代词it，代替前句内容。[答案]it 2．by 3. and 4．[解析]第二分句前无连词，说明此处是非限制性定语从句，用which 引导。 [答案]which 5．[解析]引导时间状语从句，意思是：当博物馆的保安换班的时候。 [答案]when 6．[解析]broke，ran，grabbed三个动词作并列谓语。