剑桥英语三重点

第1课（2A）

·Do you know anyone I could go with?

·I like guys who aren?t too serious and who have a good sense of humor.

·I?d prefer someone I have something in common with - who I can talk to easily.

阅读

· A friend can mean anything from a casual acquaintance to someone you?ve known your whole life.

·Building friendships is a lifelong,but worthwhile, job.

1.You have to have friends √

People use the word “friend” in a variety of ways. A friend can mean anything from a casual acquaintance to someone you?ve known your whole life. Whoever they are ,friends are an important part of life at every stage. They provide companionship and emotional support. Of all our relationships, friendships are the most voluntary ,we choose our friends.

Making new friends

It?s easy to stay in a circle of friends you?re comfortable with. But as you get older , friendships may be lost-people move away or you just lose track of them. Building friendships is a lifelong,but worthwhile, job. New friendships can bring opportunities to experience new things.

A few pointers for making new friends:

·reach out to others. Try to be open to new experiences and relationships. ·participate in classes,clubs,or volunteer organizations . These activities will bring you into contact with people who share similar interests.

·stick with it - even if you feel uncomfortable . It takes time to build friendships. Keeping friends

Whether friendships are old or new ,you can?t neglect them if you want them to last. Even thought it?s sometimes hard to spend time together , it?s important to keep in touch . Two other keys are flexibility and respect. Be understanding when plans change. If you find yourselves fighting , try to look at things from the other person?s point of view. Some tips for keeping friends:

·be a good listener. Don?t be judgmental and don?t offer advice unless you?re asked. ·respect the other person?s opinion, even when you don?t agree.

·never break a confidence . Your friends need to know they can trust you .

·be supportive of you friends. It?s important to love them despite their faults!

A

1.You have to know someone a long time to be a friend. False.

2.Friends are more important than family. Not given.

3.New friendships allow you to learn new things. True .

4.When you make new friends , old friends will be jealous. Not given.

5.It?s important to give your friends respect and support. True.

6.You should always offer advice to your friends. False .

( When you Lost track of someone ,can’t locate him or her. 失去联系

When you Reach out to people,you try to connect with them. 接触、联系

If you Stick with something, you continue to do it . 继续做

When you Keep in touch ,you communicate with someone . 保持联络

If you Break a confidence ,you depend on someone. 失去信心)

第2课2A 阅读比较级

·Flight attendants get tired of traveling .

·Being a good worker is sometimes less important than making sure that people know you?re a good worker .

·People who find things to complain about are a lot less popular than people who find things to praise.

第3课阅读

·India, people nod and shake their heads in different ways depending on where they come from.

·You have to know where a person is from to understand if they are indicating “yes” or “no”.

第4课3A

Daily round-up （每日不断发生的事）

Divers hit the jackpot!

While divers were working (work)off the coast of Florida , they discovered (discover) a shipwreck containing gold worth $2 million . The divers were filming (film)a show about the coral reef when they found (find) the gold.

Four-legged Customers

As a woman was walking (walk) her pet poodle down the street , a hair stylist noticed (notice) them through the window and suddenly had (have) a great idea. Later, while he was creating (create) a new line of hair care products for dogs and cats, he came up with (come up with )a new slogan :” Even animals have bad hair days!”

Rescue…the Ambulance!

An ambulance driver was having (have) breakfast in a coffee shop when a woman hopped (hop)into his ambulance and drove (drive)away . The driver hurried (hurry)to a phone and alerted (alert)the police. The carjacker was going(go)over 90 miles an hour

when the highway patrol finally caught up with (catch up with)her.

第5课

·One thing I?d really miss is my mom?s cooking.

·Something I?d be nervous about is making new friends, especially in a foreign language.

·When you visit someone , it?s the custom to bring a small gift.

·If you want to bring someone, it?s not acceptable to arrive without calling first.

第6课

·Both “teams” have the help of a designer , a handyman, and a budget of $1,000 .

·“If you don?t want a project to last for months,you need a game plan.”

Trading Spaces √

How fast can a home remodeling project be completed ? About 48 hours. At least, that?s the basis of the popular reality TV show called Trading Spaces.

Two sets of neighbors switch homes for two days and redecorate a single room in their neighbors? home . Both “teams” have the help of a designer , a handyman, and a budget of $1,000 . At the end of the second day , the host reveals the rooms to the homeowners,who usually say , “Wow! That?s great !”Sometimes ,however, they get upset.

Is this reality TV realistic ? Up to a point. The designers actually get videotapes of the rooms and plan out every step beforehand. Even the materials are purchased in advance. “It?s the same at home,”one designer said. “If you don?t want a project to last for months,you need a game plan.”

“Everybody thinks Trading Spaces is totally real,but Trading Spaces is totally not real,”said a women who appeared on the show, “If we didn?t do[something on camera]right,we had to do it again….You become an actor.”

So,how happy are homeowners after their remodeling?Generally,the participants are thrilled.But one couple in Portland,Oregon,hated their new room.Their comfortable but cramped family room was transformed into a dark movie theater.

But you didn?t see that on the show. “You didn?t see me crying,” said Shannon Pitts.They edited it out of the show.

“It really was a non-functional room,”said Scott Pitts. “All you could do was watch TV.”So they found themselves remodeling their own space again.

But even though Shannon and Scott didn?t like the way their family room turned out,they?d still be on the show again.Why?They loved redecorating their neighbors?place.

交换空间

一个家的改造工程多快能完成?大约48小时.至少,这是一个叫做“交换空间”流

行的真人秀电视节目的看法.

两套房子毗邻的邻居交换住宅两天,并在他们邻居的家中重新装修一个单间.两家都有一个设计师,一个杂工的帮助,并且有1000美元的预算金.在第二天结束时,主持人向房主展示装修后的房间,房主通常会说：“哇,太棒了!”然而有时房主也会很失望.

这种真人电视秀现实吗?某种程度上.实际上设计师们会提前得到房间的录像并规划好每一步.甚至材料也是提前购买好了的.“这同在家里一样,”一个设计师说,“如果你不想一个工程拖几个月,你需要行动策略.”

“所有人认为交换空间是完全真实的,但是它不是,”一个在节目中出现的女人说,“如果我们（被相机录下来的某事）做得不对,我们就不得不重新再做一次……你成为一个表演者.”

因此,房主在他们的房间被改造后有多开心?一般来说,参与者很兴奋.但是波兰的一对夫妇,Oregon,讨厌他们的新房间.他们尽管狭小但舒适的家庭房间被改造成一个黑暗的影院.但是你不会在电视节目中看到（房主的不满）.“你不会看到我哭泣,”Shannon Pitts说.他们将这些从节目中剪辑掉了.

“这真的是个毫无用处的房间,”Scott Pitts 说.“所有你能做的只有看电视.”因此他们发现他们再一次重塑了自己的空间.

但是即使Shannon和Scott不喜欢他们的家庭间被改造的方式,他们依然再次出现在电视节目中.为什么?他们喜欢装修他们邻居的房间.

The participants of the show get assistance from experts. T

The projects sometimes take months to complete. F

Many participants redecorate their homes after the show. NG

The people who appear on the show are actors. F

Reality shows aren?t always entirely honest. T

The Pitts are no longer friends with their neighbors. NG

第7课被动语态

The World we live in 2A

VOTE FOR ROBERTA CHANG ` CITY COUNCIL

Roberta Chang will clean up Cradville !

Have you noticed these problems in our city ?

·The air is being polluted by fumes from cars and trucks.

·Our city streets are being damaged as a result of heavy traffic.

·Our fresh water supply is being depleted through overuse by people who don?t conserve.

阅读

·Kiribati consists of 33 islands scattered across 3,860 kilometers (2,400 miles) of the Pacific Ocean near the equator.

第8课阅读

Learning styles

HA VE YOU EVER HAD TROUBLE LEARNING SOMETHING? DID YOU OVERCOME THE PROBLEM? HOW?

Have you ever sat in class wondering if you would ever grasp the information that was being taught? Maybe the presentation didn?t fit your learning style.

你是否曾经坐在教室里,怀疑自己是否掌握了老师教授你的知识?答案也许是老师的讲课方式不适和你.

Our minds and bodies gather information in different ways and from all around us : seeing, hearing, and doing. Then our brains process that information, organizing it and making connections to things we already know. This process can also work in different ways: Do we think in pictures or words? Do we remember details or the big picture? When we're trying to learn, it helps to know how our brain works. How do we best gather and organize the information? Different people have different learning styles. For example, one person might struggle with written information but understand it immediately in an illustration. Another person might have problems with the picture, but not the written texts.

Psychologists have identified seven basic learning styles:

1-LINGUISTIC: These people learn by using language - listening, reading, speaking and writing.

2-LOGICAL: These people learn by applying formulas and scientific principles.

3-VISUAL: These people learn by seeing what they are learning.

4-MUSICAL: Instead of finding music a distraction, these people learn well when information is presented through music.

5-KINESTHETIC: Movement and physical activities help these people learn.

6-INTRAPERSONAL: These people learn best if they associate new information directly with their own experiences.

7-INTERPERSONAL: These people learn well by working with others.

Y ou will often encounter situations that do not match your strongest learning style. if u know what your strengths are, you can develop strategies to balance your wicknesses, for a more successful learning experience.

A

1.Grasp understand

2.The big picture a general view of a situation

3.Gather pick up or collect

4.Struggle try hard to do something

5.Distraction something that takes attention away

6.Associate show one thing is connected to another

第9课At your service 7A

1.Jennifer has broken up with her boyfriend-again! 一刀两断

Meanings - End a romantic relationship

2.Kevin came up with a great idea for our class reunion. 突然有

Meanings - think of something;develop an idea

3.I?m not looking forward to typing my essay . Maybe I?ll get it done professionally. 期盼

Meanings- be excited for something to happen

4.My doctor says I?m overweight. I should cut down on fatty foods. 减

Meanings - reduce the quantity of something

5.Rob can?t keep up with the students in his Mandarin class. He should get a tutor. 赶得上

Meanings - keep pace with someone or something

6.I can?t put up with the noise on my street! I?ll have to move. 忍受容忍

Meanings - tolerate something you don?t like it.

7.My girlfriend doesn?t get along with her roommate . They …re always fighting . 合得来相处

Meanings - have a good relationship with someone

8.Bill can?t take care of his own finances. He has an accountant manage his money. 照顾

Meanings- be responsible for something

阅读

·And, what?s worse ,most people have resigned themselves to a life of forgetting. Improve your memory, improve your life √

Mark began to introduce the guest speaker to the audience, but then he paused in horror. He had forgotten her name.

Barbara hid her jewelry when she went on vacation. When she came back, she couldn?t remember where she?d put it.

1.Perhaps you?ve had experiences like these.Most people have. And ,what?s

worst ,most people have resigned themselves to a life of forgetting. They?re unaware of a simple but important fact: Memory can be developed .If you?ll just accept that fact,this book will show you how.

2.First, relax. If you’re overanxious about remembering something, you’ll forget it. Relaxing will enhance your awareness and ability to concentrate..Take deep breaths and tell yourself that you have all the time in the world to remember.

3.Second, avoid being negative. If you keep telling yourself that your memory is bad, your mind will come to believe it and you won?t remember things. When you forget something, don’t say, “Gee, I need to have my brain rewired(重装电线).”--Jokes like this are negative and will have a negative effect on you and your memory.--

4.To improve your memory, you?ll need to take an active role. Like your body, your memory can be strengthened through exercise. Look for opportunities to exercise your memory.For example, if you?re learning a language, try to actively remember irregular

5.You may also want to make associations, or links, between what you?re trying to remember and things you already know. For example, if you need to catch a plane at 2:00p.m., you can imagine a plane in your mind and notice that it has two wings. Two wings =2:00. You are now ten times more likely to remember the take-off time.

A

3-your mind believes what you tell it ,so be positive about your memory.

4-if you train your memory actively ,you?ll be more likely to remember things.

1-although we all forget things,there are ways to improve our memory.

5-learning to mentally connect pieces of information can help you remembering them.

2-we forget things more easily when we?re worried about remembering them.

第10课

3A 介词

1. Rock music has been popular for more than 50 years.

The Beatles were a well-known English band in the 1960s. They performed together for t en years-from 1960 to 1970. In 2003, the Beatles released another album, even though tw o of the original members had already died. The album was recorded in 1969, nearly 40 y ears ago.

2.

In 2003, the United States launched two Mars exploration spacecraft. Their mission, whic h lased for more than a year, was to gather information about the rocks, soil, and atmosph ere on Mars using rovers called Spirit and Opportunity.

The rovers functioned longer than anyone expected –scientists thought they would last fo r only four months on Mars. During/In that time they sent back thousands of pictures of t he surface of Mars.

The past and the future5A

1.Achievement 成就

In 1953, Sir Edmund Hillary and the Sherpa Tenzing Norgay were the first to reach the summit of Mount Qomolangma.

2.Assassination 暗杀

U.S. President John F.Kennedy was shot to death in 1963.

3.Disaster 灾难

The luxury ship Titanic sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in 1912.

4.Discovery 发现

In 2003 , a dinosaur(恐龙) with feathers and four wings was found in China.

5.Epidemic 流行性病

Since the late 1970s, HIV has infected an estimated 58 million people.

6.Invention 创造

The cellular telephone was developed in Sweden about 25 years ago.

7.Terrorist act 恐怖行动

Four planes were hijacked in the United States on September 11,2001.

The global village

More and more often , the term global village is used to describe the world and its people. In most villages, everyone knows everyone else and the people face the same kinds of problems.

So how can the world be a village when it is home to more than six billion people? Political and technological changes in the past century have made the global village possible.

Political changes

The years following World WarⅡseemed to promise peace. In fact ,in 1945,the United Nations was founded to help countries resolve disputes peacefully. However, this promise was soon broken by the Cold War-distust and tension between the United States and the Soviet Union. These two superpowers engaged in an arm race, spending huge amounts of money on weapons. The others nations of the world were divided into two “sides”, and the world was frozen in a state of hostility.

The cold war finally ended and the political climate changed between 1989 and 1991, when the governments of the Soviet Union and several Eastern European counties collapsed. The end of Cold War tension made the global village more politically possible by opening new channels of communication between nations.

It was not until the collapse of the Soviet Union between 1989 and 1991 that the Cold War ended. 但直到苏联1989年和1991年的冷战结束了的崩溃。

The end of Cold War tension made the global village more politically possible by opening new channels of communications between nations.冷战紧张局势的结束，打开国家之间的沟通的新渠道使地球村更可能的政治。

Technological changes

Technologically, the greatest contributor to the global village is microchip-an electronic c ircuit on a tiny chip.

The evolution of the microchip has made modern satellites and supercomputers possible. These forms of high-tech communications allow news and ideas to travel quickly across the globe , making people aware of their neighbors around the world in dramatic new ways. Through the Internet, we can get information from computer to carry on electronic conversations with people everywhere.

Through television programs transmitted by satellite, we are exposed to many cultures.

The development of the global village will almost certainly continue into the future.

Not only is this possible, but the challenges that world faces-for example, pollution, popu lation growth, and conflicts among peoples-will make it necessary.

A 填空

The term global village implies that people around the world are connected and face the same kinds of problems. The global village became possible because of political and

technological changes in the past half century. Politically, the end of the Cold War made

the global village possible by opening new channels of communications between nations. Technologically, the evolution of the microchip has made satellites and computers possible. These new forms of communication have made people more aware of many cutures. Their neighbors

越来越多的时候，长期的全球村是用来描述这个世界和它的人民。

在一个典型的村庄，但是，每个人都知道每个人都和人民所面临的同样的题。

这个世界怎么可以是一个村的，当它是家庭对近6十亿人？

在过去的一个世纪的政治和技术变革所取得的地球村成为可能。

政治变革以下世界WarⅡseemed答应人民之间的和平和更加平等的岁月。例如，联合国于1945年成立，以帮助各国和平解决争端。

这一承诺很快就破灭，由美国和苏联之间的冷战。

这两个超级大国一家从事军备竞赛，在武器上花费巨资。世界上大多数国家的赞同任何一个这两个国家，与世界似乎处于敌对状态，看似对战争的边缘。

技术变革技术上，最大的贡献者，地球村是微芯片的一个微小的芯片上的电子电路。该芯片已经制造的卫星和计算机成为可能。这些形式的高科技通信允许新闻和想法，从一个国家迅速前往全国各地，让人们意识到自己身边的戏剧性的新途径地球的邻居。

通过互联网，我们可以从任何地方获取信息并进行到处跟人交谈的电子。

通过由卫星传送的电视节目，我们接触到许多文化。

这不仅是可能的，但面临的挑战是全球面临，例如，环境污染，人口增长，以及之间的冲突的人民，将有必要。

第11课12A

·I should have told you that the party was canceled ,but I got really busy at work and didn?t get around to calling everybody .

第12课2A

·For an athletic center to be profitable , it needs to have,good trainers,modern exercise equipment ,and a variety of classes.

8A

Complete the paragraph with because,since,because of,for,due to,and the reason.Then co mpare with a partner.

MTV is one of the most popular television networks in the world. People love MTV not only because of its music videos, but also due to its clever and diverse programming. Because\since it keeps its shows up-to-the-minute, young people watch MTV for the latest fads in music and fashion. MTV is also well known for its music awards show. The reason why ) so many people watch it is to see all the fashionable guests. MTV even has shows about politics. These shows are popular because they are informative and appealing to young people. Because of MTV?s widespread popularity, many teenagers have become less industrious with their homework!

阅读两句

·If a business wants to sell its products internationally, it had better do some market research first.

·In that country ,(Bangladesh) feet are considered unclean, and Muslims felt the company was insulting God?s name by having people walk on it.

13课

Pet peeves 鸡毛蒜皮Why is it that some people ... ?

·never return phone calls or answer e-mails.

·are always short of money 总是缺钱

8A She’s driving me crazy!P88

·You should have called her on the phone.

·Michi must have been upset and just needed to talk.

·Molly shouldn?t have kept your notes this long!

9A should have done 本来该could/would have done 建议应该、建议可以

1.A: I invited my boyfriend over to meet my parents, but he arrived wearing torn jeans.

He looked so messy!

B: well, he should have dressed neatly. I could have asked him to wear something nicer.

2. A: John borrowed my car and dented it. When he returned it, he didn?t even say anything about it!

B: He should have told (tell) you! Well, I wouldn?t have lent (not lend) it to him in the first place. He?s a terrible driver.

3. A: I?m exhausted. Mary came over and stayed until 2 A.M.!

B: She shouldn?t have stayed (not stay) so late. You could have started (start) yawning. Maybe she would have gotten the hint!

4. A: Tom invited me to a play, but I ended up paying for us both!

B: I sh ouldn?t have paid (not pay) for him. He c ouldn?t have invited (not invite) you if he was short of money.

阅读句子

·Once , however, it was a prosperous mining town where thousands came with dreams of finding silver and making their fortune.

第14课

·Lots of different shots have to be taken. Only the best ones are used in the final film. ·A location scout, who finds appropriate places to shoot scenes,gets to travel all over

the world. 选址

·A dialect coach is a language specialist who works with actors on their accents. 方言教练

·“Every South Asian grows up with some kind of connection to Bollywood,”notes Indian writer Suketu Mehta. “In certain ways, it?s what unites us.” P97

印度作家苏克图梅塔指出，“每一个南亚人的成长过程都与宝莱坞有所联系”。在一定意义上,它把我们联系在一起。

第15课

·In the state of Washington, it is illegal to pretend your parents are rich. P100

在华盛顿州，假装父母很富有是违法的。

·In Switzerland, it?s an offense to hang clothes out to dry on a Sunday. P100

在瑞士，在星期天晾晒衣服是违法的。

·Pet owners shouldn?t be allowed to walk dogs without a leash. P100

宠物的主人不应该被允许不系狗绳遛狗。

·Something has got to be done to stop littering. P100

有些事情必须要被制止那就是乱扔垃圾。

·Drivers should only be permitted to honk their horn in case of an emergency. P100

司机只准被允许在紧急的情况下按响喇叭。

·Laws must be passed to ban the sale of handguns. P101

必须通过法律来禁止枪支的销售

·I am a student at Morris High school, and I think students ought to be required to wear school uniforms. P104

我是莫里斯高中的一名学生，我认为学生应该被要求穿校服。

·Students shouldn?t be permitted to wear the latest fashions, because this promotes jealousy and competition. P104

学生不应该被允许穿最新的时装，因为这会促使嫉妒和竞争。

·Also students would be able to concentrate on their studies better if…. P104

如果穿校服学生也能够集中精力更好的学习…

How Serious is Plagiarism ?

抄袭问题究竟有多严重？

Recently, a biology teacher in Kansas--a state in the American Midwest--made national , and even international ，news.

最近位于美国中西部的堪萨斯州的一位生物老师制造了一条让全国乃至全世界都震惊的新闻。

After Christine Pelton discovered that 28 of her 118 students had plagiarized parts of a major project, she gave them failing grades.

发现她118个学生中有28个在她布置的主要课题作业中有抄袭行为，于是她给了这些学生不及格的分数。

Although this was the school policy, the student's parents complained .

虽然这一做法符合学校政策规定，这些学生的家长们还是对此进行了投诉。

The school board directed Ms.Pelton to change the punishment: they told her that 600 points should be taken from the offenders ,rather than the entire 18000 points. 学校董事会指示Ms.Pelton改变惩罚措施，扣除违规者600分的学分绩，而不是将18000分全部扣除。

Ms.Pelton resigned in protest. 辞职以示抗议。

why did this become such a significant story?

为什么这成为了如此重要的一个故事（事迹）？

Perhaps it is because so many people feel strongly about what is right and wrong .

也许是因为如此多的人感到强烈的关于什么是正确的和错误的。

Although the incident may soon be forgotten, it raised some important questions: What is plagiarism? How serious is it?

虽然事件可能很快被遗忘，它提出了一些重要的问题：什么是抄袭？有多严重呢？The simplest form of plagiarism occurs when someone copies material without giving credit to the source. However, there are also more serious forms, such as when a student pays someone else to write an essay.

最简单形式的剽窃发生在有人复制材料没有给予材料的来源。不过，也有更严重的形式，当学生自付别人写的一篇文章，如。

Some people claim that copying is necessary to do well in school..They have agreed that their own words are not as good as someone else?s . Another common argument is that everyone does it, so it?s not a big deal. In fact, it has been learned that even some highly respected figures, including Martin Luther King, Jr., have plagiarized.

一些人声称，复制要在学校做的很好。他们认为，自己的话还不如别人的。另一种常见的说法是，每个人都这样做，所以它不是一个大问题。事实上，据了解，即使是一些德高望重的人物，包括马丁·路德·金，抄袭。

Although some people find reason to justify plagiarism, others feel the issue is clear-cut: They feel it is morally wrong, and consider it stealing –a theft of ideas rather than money. These people believe that students who plagiarize benefit unfairly. They received a better grade than they deserve.

虽然有些人找理由来证明抄袭，别人觉得这个问题是明确的：他们觉得这是不道德的行为，并认为这是偷窃-的想法，而不是钱被盗。这些人认为，学生抄袭谁获益不公平。他们收到了较好的档次比他们应得的。

So what about the incident in Kansas ？那么，关于这一事件在堪萨斯？

Was the original punishment too severe? 是原来的处罚过于严厉？

Do teachers have the right to tell students and parents what is right or wrong ? 做老师要告诉学生和家长究竟是对还是错吧？

Ms.Pelton would probably say that the job of a teacher is to do exactly that .

可能会说，老师的工作就是这样做。

6 A. The teacher?s story appeared in national news.

2 B. The teacher gave the students failing grades.

3 C. The students? parents were angry.

5 D. The teacher left her job.

1 E. The group of students cheated on an assignment.

4 F. The school board told the teacher to change the scroes.

第16课

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Dealing with life-or-death situations every day.

每天都要应对生存或者死亡的局面。

what?s one of the most difficult aspects of doing volunteer work? P107

做志愿工作时哪方面是最困难的？

Finding enough time to do it on a regular basis.

找到足够的时间定期做这件事

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