新英汉翻译教程第五章课后答案

Just as exercise strengthens the heart and lungs, bones and muscles, it may also power up the brain. 正如锻炼增强心脏和肺、骨骼和肌肉,它也可能启动大脑。

2. We shall never see his match.

2。我们将再也见不到他的对手。

3. The vote was 35 to 25, a margin of 10.

3。投票的结果是35岁至25岁的保证金10分)。

4. The report is thoroughly sourced.

4。这个报告是彻底产于中国。

5. This hotel can’t be matched for friendliness

5。这家旅馆是无可匹敌的为友好

She was rather advanced in years for a maiden.

。她比我更先进的多年的少女。

7. Every one of us poured forth his expertise.

7。我们每一个人都倒出来他的专业知识。

.. I’ll not abus e your hospitality.

. .我不会辜负你的热情款待。

9. “I long for you terribly. The moment we say good-bye and I close the door, my torment begins.”

9。“我渴望你的很烂。现在我们说再见,我关上门,我的痛苦又要开始了

10. Our arguments were often brought before our father, and I guess I was either generally in the right, or else a better debater, because the judgment was usually in my favor 10。我们往往争带到我们的父亲,我想我要么被普遍正确的,否则我嘴硬,因为审判是通常有利于我

The sales of the book went deeply into the millions.

那本书销量从千上万。

2) He is four going on five.

2)四去地上五层。

3) A pound does not go far these days.

3)一英镑远远不能这些日子。

4) I’ll give you ￡50, but I can't go any further.

4)我给你￡50英镑,不能再降了。

5) This will go a long way toward world peace.

5)此也需要长久的努力,向世界和平。

6) A fine appearance and comfort do not usually go together.

6)和舒适的细腻的外观通常不一起去。

7) She has the qualities which go to the making of a good teacher.

7)她有能力去做,一个好老师。

8) A foreign language will go far towards widening our mental horizon.

8)一门外语对我们将扩大到精神的地平线。

9) What he says goes.

9)他说什么去。

10) He made a promise and then went back on it.

10他信守了承诺,然后又继续回去。

1．How they bow to that Creole because of her hundred thousand pounds!

他们如何向那克里奥尔语,因为她数十万磅!

2．The custom had its spring in another country.

2.的风俗起源于另外一个国家。

3．David is swollen in everything, in body and in mind.

3.大卫肿在凡事上,在身体和头脑。

4．The high-ceilinged room, the little balconies, alcoves, nooks and angles all suggest sanctuary, escape, creature comfort. 天花板很高的房间,小阳台,卫房和柱子,大街小巷都建议角度圣所、逃避、物质享受。and she held honour a

cheque for twenty thousand pounds with his signature quite firmly in her hands.

和她举行的荣誉与他的签名支票相当坚定地在她的手中，为两万英镑

1．The newspaper claims to be the mirror of the public opinion.

该报声称是民意的一面镜子。

2．Application of laser in medicine is still in its infancy.

激光在医学上的应用还处于起步阶段。。

3．But no one forces you to go to sea. It gets in your blood.

3.,但没有一个人强迫你去当水手。就存在于你的血液当中。

4．She was, to be sure, a girl who excited the emotions, but I was not one to let my heart rule my head.

4.她是,可以肯定的是,一个女孩的情绪激动,但我不是个让感情主宰我的人。. 5．As far as the head goes, at least, she does credit to the educational system pursued at my establishment.

5.到头去,至少,她把这归功于效力的教育系统争了光在我的设施。

6．He gave up the sword for the plough.

他放弃了刀耕犁。

7．Behind him I see the long grey rollers of the Atlantic at work.

我看到了他身后灰色长滚轮在在工作大西洋在工作。

8．But, if public dissatisfaction continues to grow, or appears to do so, politicians may conclude that they have to do something, usually in the name of reform.

8.,但是,如果公众对会持续增长,或出现这样做,政客们可能会认为他们必须做点什么,通常是在这个名字的改革。

9．A mixture of fear of the unknown and fear of disenchantment was tormenting her.

觉醒的恐惧和未知的恐惧的混合物。折磨他

10．But it is best not to be intimate with gentlemen of this profession, and to take the calculations at second-hand, as you do logarithms, for to work them yourself, depend upon it, will cost you something considerable. (W. Thackeray: Vanity Fair)

但最好不要与这个行业的嘉宾亲密，并采取二手计算，当你这样做对数，为自己工作，取决于它，将花费你的东西相当。（W.萨克雷：“名利场”）

1．How do we account for this split between the critics and the readers, the head and the heart?

我们如何考虑这个评论家和读者，头部和心脏之间的分裂？

He has a very satirical eye. And if I do not begin by being impertinent myself, I shall soon grow afraid of him. (Jane Austen: Pride and Prejudice)

他有一个很讽刺的眼睛。如果我不开始不逊自己，我会很快成长怕他。（简奥斯汀：傲慢与偏见）

1．How do we account for this split between the critics and the readers, the head and the heart?

1。如何做，我们考虑这个评论家和读者，头部和心脏之间的分裂

2．He has a very satirical eye. And if I do not begin by being impertinent myself, I shall soon grow afraid of him. (Jane Austen: Pride and Prejudice)

2.他有一个非常讽刺的眼睛。如果我不开始不逊自己，我会很快成长怕他。（简奥斯汀：傲慢与偏见）

3．It is easy to think to oneself that one’s emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and one’s mind more keen.

3.它是容易让人联想到自己，人的情感更加生动，比他们的头脑更敏锐

4．They exhibited neither their glory nor superiority.

4.他们展出既不是他们的荣耀也没有优势。

5．A thousand mustaches can live together, but not four breasts

5.一千胡子可以住在一起，但不是四个乳房

6．There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of the terrorists.

6.这是恐怖分子的性格虎和猿的混合。

7．During the war, he was an embryo surgeon, and joined the mobile medical team.

7.战争期间，他是一个胚胎外科医生，并加入了流动医疗队。

Honesty pays itself

诚实支付本身

9．“You don’t look like a magician.”

“What do I look like?”

“A musician.”

“I did saw away at a fiddle once.”

“You did? Well, what’s the difference what

you do so long as you make, you know

what.”And she rubbed her thumb in her

palm.

9，“你不会看起来像一个魔术师。”“那我看起来像吗？”一位音乐家。“我没有看到在拨弄一次。”“你没有？好了，你做什么，只要您有什么区别，你知道什么。“她揉揉她的拇指在她的手掌。

10. In a surprising display of accessibility, Beijing's top leaders have been meeting with almost every American visitor, right down to the lowliest junior congressional representative in town.

10。一个令人惊讶的无障碍显示，北京的最高领导人举行会晤，几乎每一个美国游客，lowliest初中在镇上的国会代表。

1.Don t count your chickens before they are hatched

1。不要打如意算盘

2．I wonder whether he is a Trojan Horse

2.我怀疑他是否是一种特洛伊木马

3．Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/627774306.html,st night I heard him driving his pigs to market.

3。昨晚我听到他开破车去猪场

4.He speaks as if there were a frog in his throat.

4。他说话的口气就好像有一只青蛙进他的喉咙。

5.Andrea thought her mother s ideas about dating were old hat.

5。安德里亚认为她母亲主意约会都戴着那顶旧帽子。

1.It is a crime you didn t finish school

1。你没完成学业是一种犯罪

2．The sea adds something to the appearance of Qingdao.

2，海增加了一些青岛的外观。

3．You’re the only girl I’ve ever seen that actually did look like something blooming.

3。您“重新唯一的女孩我见过，居然没模样的东西绽放。

4．The boys went back to camp, a good deal awed, but they found there was still something to be thankful for, because the great sycamore, the shelter of their beds, was a ruin now, blasted by the lightnings and they were not under it when the catastrophe happened.

（Mark Twain: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer）

4，男孩回到营地，镇住了一个很好的协议，但他们发现仍然有东西要感谢，因为伟大的梧桐，病床的住房，现在是一片废墟，由闪电炸开，他们不下灾难发生时。（马克吐温：汤姆历险记“）。

5．If you are a man，you can point out that most poets and men of science are male; if you are a woman, you can retort that so are most criminals.

如果您是一个人，你可以指出大多数诗人和男性科学是男性，如果你是一个女人，你可以反驳说，使大多数罪犯。

.There is safety in numbers.

。人多势众。

2．When he tossed a much-ballyhooed party in Persepolis three years age to celebrate Persia’s 2500th anniversary, he invited virtually everybody who was anybody —but mostly nobodies showed up.

当他扔在波斯波利斯得多大肆宣传党3岁庆祝波斯第二千五周年，他应邀几乎每个人是人- 但大多是无名之辈显示

3. As strong as Yasha’s love was for Emilia, just as full was it for temptations.

3。只要夜叉的爱强烈艾米利亚，充满就像是它的诱惑。

4.Call me what instrument you will, though you can fret me, yet you cannot play upon me.

4。无论你把我叫作什么乐器，你只能撩逗我，但是你不能玩弄我。

5.“When I first knew you, I tingled. I would have washed your feet and drunk the bathwater. But when I knew you better, I told myself, Zeftel, it’s a waste —all this trembling.”

当我头一回见到你便动了心,我会洗你的脚,喝你的洗脚水.,但我了解你之后，我便都自己说，“佛泽特尔，白费劲，别那么神魂颠倒了”

1）The house is over against the university.

【译文】那幢房子就在学校的对面。

2）We’re up against all sorts of difficulties.

【译文】我遇到了种种困难。

3）The huge waves hurling themselves against the rock broke into clouds of spray.

【译文】猛击着岩石的巨浪碎成一簇簇的水花。

4）The factory has produced 85,000 tons of sugar this year, as against the 60, 000 tons of last year. 【译文】这个厂今年生产了85,000吨糖，而去年只生产了60,000吨。（形成“对照”）

5）He saves money against the rainy day.

【译文】他存钱以备不时之用。

6）Charge it against my account.

【译文】请把这笔钱记在我的

7）She drew a check against her bank balance.

【译文】她开了一张支票提取银行存款的余额。

8）We must not cross the street against the light.

【译文】我们不能不顾交通信号灯就横穿马路。

9）His appearance is against him.

【译文】他的外表对他不利。

10）He was helpless against such forces.

【译文】在这种暴力面前，他感到无助。

1) He can mature alcohol electrically.

【译文】他很快能把酒酿成。

2) He had his ups and downs.

【译文】他一生多坎坷艰辛。

3) And I have an uneasy feeling he had something there.

【译文】我有一种不安的感觉,他的话不无道理。

4) He was watching me or something for an hour or two.

【译文】有一，两个小时,他大概一直留神看我。

5) Theory is something but practice is everything.

【译文】理论固然重要，实践更为重要。

6) In learning English, grammar is not everything.

【译文】学英语，光学语法是不行的。

7) Dust has a very important part to play in the work of nature.

【译文】灰尘对于自然界的变化起很大的作用。

8) Is Jane a possibility as a wife for Richard? (=a suitable person)

【译文】简是做理查德妻子的合适人选吗？

9) I was not one to let my heart rule my head.

【译文】我不是那种让感情支配理智的人。

10) She didn’t think of that the beautiful umbrella bought the day before should become a Helen of Troy in her family. Because of this she and her husband quarreled for a long time.

【译文】她没有料到前一天买的那把漂亮的雨伞竟成了祸端，她和丈夫为此吵了很久。

1）There is something behind, I think.

【译文】我看这里面有文章(名堂)。(贬)

2) They are nameless nothing.

【译文】他们是些无名之辈。(贬)

3) He is really something!

【译文】他真是个了不起的人!(褒)

4) She is as fair as Helen.

【译文】她是个绝世美人。(褒)

5) They predicted the youth would have a bright future.

【译文】他们说，这个年轻人会有一个锦绣前程。(褒)

6) The adoption of the new policies will surely lead to some striking results.

【译文】采取各项新的政策必将带来某些显著成果。(褒)

7) The enemy killed one of our comrades, and we killed an enemy agent.

【译文】敌人杀害了我们一位同志,(褒)我们宰了一个特务。(贬)

8) There would have been more painful result but for the drastic measures.

【译文】若不是采取了断然措施，那定会引起更痛苦的后果。(贬)

9) Mr Brown felt greatly flattered when he received the invitation to deliver a lecture.

【译文】布朗先生接到作演讲的邀请，感到非常荣幸。(褒)

10) He thinks himself to be something, but actually he is nothing.

【译文】他自认为是个了不起的人，(褒)但实际上他是个小人物。(贬)

About ten o’clock on the following morning, seedy and hungry, I was dragging myself along Portland Place, when a child that was passing, towed by a nurse-maid, tossed a luscious big pear—minus one bite —into the gutter. I stopped of course, and fastened my desiring eye on that muddy treasure. My mouth watered for it, my stomach craved it, my whole being begged for it.

【译文】第二天上午大约十点钟，我饿着肚子，狼狈不堪，正在波特兰路拖着脚步行走时，刚好有一个小孩子由保姆牵手走过，把一只美味的大梨扔到阴沟里——只咬过一口。不消说，我站住了，贪婪地盯着那个泥污了的宝贝。我垂涎欲滴，肚子咕咕直叫，全身心地在乞求它。

But every time I made a move to get it, some passing eye detected my purpose, and of course I straightened up then, and looked indifferent, and pretended that I hadn’t been thinking about the pear at all. This same thing kept happening and happening, and I couldn’t get the pear. I was just getting desperate enough to brave all the shame, and to seize it, when a window behind me ws raised, and a gentleman spoke out of it, saying: “Step in here, please.” (Mark Twain: The ?1,000,000 Bank-note)

【译文】可是我每次刚一动手想去取它，老是有过路人看出了我的企图，当然我就只好再把身子立直，显出若无其事的样子，假装根本就没有想到过那只梨。这情形老是一遍又一遍的重复，我始终无法把那只梨弄到手。后来我简直给搞得无可奈何，真想不顾一切体面，硬着头皮去拿它的时候，忽然我身后有一扇窗户打开了，一位先生从里面喊道：“请进来吧。”

英汉翻译教程试题

高等教育自学考试冲刺模拟试卷一 （英语专业） 英汉翻译教程（三） Part One I.Multiple Choice Questions （30 points, 2 points for each）A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. 1.For Britain our membership of the European Union and the World Trade Organization has brought this home. A.对英国来说，我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份把这带到了家。 B.对英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织把我们送到了家。 C.对我们英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织的经历使我们对这一点深有感触。 D.对我们英国来说，我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份使我们如鱼得水。 2.So now he contrived an eager, ingratiating smile, which he bestowed on Mr. Squires. A.因此他就装出急切的、迷人的笑，并投向史奎尔先生。 B.因此他就装出殷切的、拍马的笑，并把这笑赠予史奎尔先生。 C.因此他就对史奎尔先生装出一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 D.因此他就给史奎尔先生设计了一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 3. People disappear in that river every year, one of the policemen said to me that afternoon, half in dismay, half in frustration. A. 这条河里年年都有人消失，”当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 B. 这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。 C. 这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 D. 年年都有人消失在这条河里，”当天下午警察中的一个半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。 4. As recently as the early 1960s, the phrase environmental law ” would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look, even from many lawyers.

英汉互译简明教程第一章

第一章 一、概述 1.（1）英语：是语法型，重语法结构，注重以形显意，靠关联词，用显性连接 （2）汉语：是语义型，重语义结构，通过逻辑纽带或语序间接地表现出来，隐形连接。 2.英语的形式接应手段：除关系代词、关系副词、连接代词、连接副词之外，还有若干连词和为数众多的介词。英语的句子通常均有各种关联词来表示多种语法关系。 3.翻译特点（意合与形合）： （1）英语译为汉语：形合转为意合类似松绑（注意汉语意合表现力、句法特点） （2）汉语译为英语：意合转为形合类似（注意符合英语句法结构），要求上下文中语义搭配合乎事理，强调的是语言结构内部意义关系的“意合”，即造句注重意念连贯，具体表现是关联词的大量省略，很多成分也经常隐去。 4.关于形合与意合的说明：虽然英语和汉语句法中有形合与意合的 特征以及两者相互转换的必要，但不能由此推断英语中的形合结构必须一律转换为汉语的意合，或汉语的意合一律转成英语的形合。因为每一种语言都有自身的伸缩性，形合与意合两种句法在英语和汉语中同样是存在的，只是在汉语中意合更为普遍，而英语中形合更为普遍。 二、例句 1.形合到意合的转换： （1）I may be wrong and you may be right,and by an effort ,we may be nearer to the truth.也许我是错的，你是对的。我们做出努力，就会更接近真理。 (2)Now there is in America a curious combination of pride in having risen to a position where it is no longer necessary to depend on manual labor for a living and genius delight in what one is able to accomplish with one’s own hands.现在美国有一个奇特的现象：一方面人们为上升到不在需要靠体力劳动谋生的地位而感到自

英汉翻译基础教程练习问题详解总主编冯庆华

汉英翻译基础教程 第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2) 第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4) 第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9) 第四章动词的翻译 (11) 第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12) 第六章成语的英译 (13) 第七章修辞格的翻译 (17) 笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19) 第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20) 第十章换序和转态译法 (23) 笫十一章断句合句译法 (25) 笫十二章长句的翻译 (27) 第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29) 第十五章风格与翻译 (30) 第十六章语用与翻译 (32)

第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 第一节翻译中的选义 一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a 二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配 1． a swarm of bees a brood of chickens a litter of pups 2. a bevy of beautiful ladies a pack of hounds a team of ducks a herd of antelopes 3. unfailing support proactive fiscal policy make effective use of overseas resources 4. make a phone call take a taxi knit a woolen sweater fetch water play basketball spray insecticide 5. basic wage capital construction essential commodity primary industry fundamental interest 三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解 1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern 2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public. 3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan. 4. Everyone complained against such a practice. 5. They had a dispute at the meeting. 6. You should follow the doctor's advice. 7. They reached a consensus on this issue. 8. There is still some unfinished business to settle. 9. We have consulted him about the matter. 10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now 第二节翻译中的选词 一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。 1. That depends upon circumstances.

王治奎《大学英汉翻译教程》【笔记课后习题及翻译示例汇总考研真题详解】(文学翻译)

第18章文学翻译 18.1 复习笔记 一、文学翻译的标准 对于文学翻译的要求是，“用另一种语言，把原作的艺术意境传达出来，使读者在读译文的时候能够像读原作时一样得到启发、感动和美的感受”。 钱钟书把文学翻译的最高标准概括为一个“化”字。 二、文学翻译的过程 借鉴茅盾的有关解释，把文学翻译过程分为三个阶段： (1) 理解阶段； (2) 印证阶段； (3) 表达阶段。 在表达阶段强调的内容是： (1) 必须使用文学语言； (2) 尽量保持原作风格； (3) 力求内容和形式的辩证统一。 三、文学翻译须使用文学语言 这里仅介绍英文小说翻译的几个侧面：

1. 文学语言具有准确、形象、生动、自然等特征，译者应根据原作的艺术意境和语言特色，在译文里寻找适当的语言形式，使之文情并茂。 Daffodils all along the hedgerow swung like yellow, ruffled birds on their perches. 清风徐徐，沿灌木篱笆旁的水仙花轻轻地摇摆着，颇似栖息的鸟儿掀动着金黄色羽毛。 2. 运用娴熟的汉语，再现人物语言的形象化和个性化，使译文产生“如闻其声，如见其人”的艺术效果。 “Say, some tenderness, that!” This is reference to a smile or a melting glance on the part of a female. “唷，瞧那样多温存!”这说的是一位女性的嫣然一笑，或者回眸传情。 3. 凭借自己的审美体验，深刻理解原作的艺术美，进而形神兼备地再现这种艺术美。 四、加强文学翻译的基本功训练 有兴趣于或有志于从事文学翻译的青年，可在课内外分门别类地选做一些练习，以集中提高某些方面的表述能力。 18.2 课后习题详解 将下列英文译成汉语： 1. One morning, in the fall of 1880, a middle-aged woman, accompanied by a young girl of inquiry as to whether there was anything a- bout the place that she could do. She was of a helpless, fleshy build, with a frank, open countenance and

郭著章《英汉互译实用教程》(第4版)教材配套题库-第5章 翻译常用的八种技巧【圣才出品】

第5章翻译常用的八种技巧 5.1 重译法 一、英译汉 1. It may seem strange to put into the same packet an industrial revolution and two political revolutions. But the fact is that they were all social revolutions. 【译文】把一场工业革命同两次政治革命归作一类似乎有点奇怪，但事实上这三次革命都是社会革命。 2. Two things are outstanding in the creation of the English system of canals, and they characterise all the Industrial Revolution. 【译文】在修建英国的运河网的过程中，有两点是非常突出的，而这两点也正是整个工业革命的特点。 3. The canals were arteries of communication: they were not made to carry pleasure boats, but barges. 【译文】运河是交通的动脉，开运河不是为了走游艇，而是为了通行驳船。 4. James Brindley was a pioneer in the art of building canals or, as it was then called, ‘navigation’. 【译文】布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把开凿运河叫做navigation。

5. Several factors accounted for this extraordinary achievement. One was the expansion into the west. Another was the application of machinery to farming. 【译文】取得这一特殊成就有几方面的原因：第一个原因是向西部的扩展，第二个原因是机器在农业上的应用。 6. …for the establishment of agricultural and industrial colleges. These were to serve both as educational institutions and as centers for research in scientific farming. 【译文】……以便建立农业和工业学院。这些学校一方面是教育机关，另一方面，也是农业科学的研究中心。 7. …This is nothing li ke back home in Colorado. We have rains there, too. Thunderstorms in spring and summer... 【译文】……这跟家乡科罗拉多的情况迥然不同。科罗拉多也下雨。春夏两季雷雨交加……【解析】原文第二句用there代替in Colorado，而译文重复“科罗拉多”。 8. The world watches. The world listens. The world waits to see what we will do. 【译文】全世界在注视着。全世界在倾听着。全世界在等待着看我们将做些什么。 9. As you said in your toast, the Chinese people are a great people, the American people are a great people.

《新英汉翻译教程》第三章课后答案.doc

is reminded by the matter in hand of a hundred things, he will, unless he has great self-control, load his pages with metaphor and simile? 我认为，如果一个人思路不清，他写文章也困惑，如果他喜怒无常的文章就会荒诞不经;如果他思想敏捷，和能，由眼前的事情，他将一百件事情，除非他有很大的自我控制、负荷在文章中隐喻和明喻。 I sincerely hope that your congratulations will be matched by your collective endeavour to seek a just and practical solution to the problem which has bedeviled the United Nations for so many years? 我真诚地希望你的祝贺将相媲美的集体努力追求公正和实际解决问题的困扰，联合国己经多年了。 Culture to him, as to the Orientals3 with whom he lived so much and sympathized so deeply, was an affair of the spirit and of mind not to be measured by material progress, or, even by the arts. 文化，在东方人，和他一起住这么多，深深同情的事情，是灵，可以不可以通过衡量物质进步、或,即使是艺术。 With Asia s economic meltdown rattling the Beijing leadership, Zhu and his colleagues now have a powerful argument that China must get its own house in order to prevent meddling by the International Monetary Fund or other outsiders?(China: Zhu is Taking a Broom to the Bureaucrats 与亚洲经济危机年代震动了北京的领导下，朱和他的同事们现在有一个强有力的论点，中国必须得到它的自己的房子为了防止干涉国际货币基金组织或其他外人。(中国:朱正在一个扫帚官僚扌宜权 that woman walks the streets? 那个妇女常在那些街上走 Bill is taking his bird to the pictures tonight. 比尔今晚带着他的女朋友去看电影。 He is not so ill but that he can come to school ?

《英汉翻译理论与实践》教学大纲

《英汉翻译理论与实践》课程教学大纲 （英文名称E-C Translation: Theory and Practice） 一、课程说明 课程编码 22110280 课程总学时 32 周学时 2 学分 1.5 课程性质专业必修课适用专业英语专业1、教学内容与学时安排（见下表）： 教学内容与学时安排表

2、课程教学目的与要求： 本课程是高等学校英语专业三年级学生开设的一门专业必修课。它是理论与实践相结合的一门课程，其主要目的在于使学生具备笔头英汉翻译的基本能力。通过介绍各类文体语言的特点、汉英两种语言的对比和分析以及各种不同文体的翻译方法，使学生掌握英汉翻译的基本理论，掌握英汉词语、长句及各种文体的翻译技巧和英译汉的能力。要求译文比较准确、流畅，翻译速度达到每小时250-300字。 3、本门课程与其它课程关系： 本课程为英语专业本科三年级学生开设。学生在修该课程之前已修完综合阅读，综合英语，语法学，词汇学，英美文化等课程，这些课程都为学生修该课程奠定了扎实的语言基础。该课程又是学生综合英语语言运用能力的体现和反映，它的开设不仅能提高学生的翻译能力，而且它与英美文学，语言学，口译，高级英语等都能帮助学生进一步提高他们的综合英语语言运用能力。 4、推荐教材及参考书： 教材采用孙致礼编著的《新编英汉翻译教程》上海外语教育出版社（2003年4月第1版）教学参考书 Baker, Mona. 2001. In Other Words: A Coursebook on Translation. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. Bassnett S, Lefevere A. 2001. Constructing Cultures: Essays On Literary Translation.Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press. Brown Gillian & Yule George. 1983. Discourse Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. 2000 Catford, J.C. 1965. A Linguistic Theory of Translation. London: Oxford University Press. Hatim B. 2001. Communication Across Cultures:Translation Theory and Contrastive Text

《英汉翻译简明教程》学习辅导书(课文-演 讲)【圣才出品】

第10单元演讲（Speeches） 10.1 复习笔记 翻译理论选读 一、 A New Concept of Translating by Eugene A. Nida and Charles R. T aber Each language has its own genius.1 In the first place, it is essential to recognize that each language has its own genius. That is to say, each language possesses certain distinctive characteristics which give it a special character. 尤金·奈达(Eugene A. Nida)博士是美国圣经学会翻译部主任。他不仅在美国主持《圣经》的英译工作，还在世界各地指导许多其他语言的翻译工作。 奈达认为，过去人们在翻译过程中过于重视与原文在形式上保持一致，而他主张着重考虑读者对译文的反应，应使译文的读者和原文的读者产生同样的感受。 关于原语，就《圣经》而言，也就是希伯来语和希腊语，奈达认为它们也不过是工具，被人们用来表达《圣经》里包含的意思而已。 关于译语，奈达认为每一种语言都有自己的特点，在构词法、语序、句子结构、谚语诸方面各不相同。各个民族的文化背景不同，对各自的语言也产生不同的影响。译者不必因为译语缺少某种表达方式而抱怨；相反地，他应该尊重这一语言的特点，最大限度地发挥其潜

力，以找出适当的表达方式。他的结论是，要想使译文保持原作的内容，就必须在形式上有所改变。 word-building capacities, unique patterns of phrase order, techniques for linking clauses into sentences, markers of discourse,2 and special discourse types of poetry, proverbs, and song. Each language is rich in vocabulary for the areas of cultural focus, the specialties of the people, e.g., cattle (Anuaks in the Sudan), yams (Ponapeans in Micronesia), hunting and fishing (Piros in Peru), or technology(the western world). Some languages are rich in modal particles.3Others seem particularly adept in the development of figurative language, and many have very rich literary resources, both written and oral. To communicate effectively one must respect the genius of each language. Rather than bemoan the lack of some feature in a language, one must respect the features of the receptor language4and exploit the potentialities of the language to the greatest possible extent. Unfortunately, in some instances translators have actually tried to “remake” a language. For example, one missionary in Latin America insisted on trying to introduce the passive voice of the verb into a language which had no such form. Of course, this was not successful. One must simply accept the fact that there are many languages which do not have a passive voice. They merely choose to report actions only as active. Rather than force the formal structure of one language upon an- other, the effective translator is quite prepared to make any and all formal changes5 necessary

《英汉翻译基础教程》 笔记及习题(篇章翻译)【圣才出品】

第7单元篇章翻译 7.1 复习笔记 语篇通常指一系列连续的语段或句子构成的语言整体。语篇包括“话语”（discourse）和“篇章”（text）。语篇特征为：连贯、衔接，且具有明确的论题结构。 一、衔接 根据Halliday和Hasan的著作《英语中的衔接》，衔接手段大致可分为两种：语法衔接手段（grammatical cohesion）和词汇衔接手段（lexical cohesion）。前者又可以包括指称（reference）、省略（ellipsis）、替代（substitution）和连词（conjunction）。 1. 指代 指代主要分为三类：人称指代、指示指代和比较指代。 英语中，为了实现衔接，一般尽量采用代词指代前面出现的名词。汉语倾向于重复前文出现的名词，或者采用“零式指称”，省略主语。例： My friend looked somewhat ill at ease when he told me this: At the time when he bought this big house, his children had all been at school. Now they had their own homes and jobs. 【译文】朋友有点不好意思地说，买这座房子时，孩子们还在上学，如今都成家立业了。 2. 省略

省略可以分为名词省略、动词省略和小句省略。例： I had many wonderful ideas, but I only put a few into practice. 【译文】我有很多美妙的想法，但是只把少数付诸实践了。 3. 替代 “替代”指用较简短的语言形式替代上文中的某些词语，使行文简练流畅。 （1）名词替代比较常见的是使用one代替前文出现的某个名词。例： Carrie picked out the new abode because of its newness and bright wood—work. It was one of the very new ones supplied with steam heat, which was a great advantage.（Sister Carrie, Dreiser, T） 【译文】嘉莉选中这套新居所，是因为它是新建的，而且房间的木质部分色泽鲜亮，屋里有暖气，这是当时最新的房子才有的。 【分析】原文中，ones替代了abode；译文中，“房子”与其前面的“居所”构成同义词。 （2）动词替代经常是用助动词do的几种形式来代替前文出现的某个动词或动作意义。例： And yet this John Openshaw seems to me to be walking amid even greater perils than did the Sholtos. 【译文】可是在我看来，这个约翰·奥彭肖似乎是正在面临着比舒尔托更大的危险。 【分析】原文中，did替代了walked amid peril；译文中，该处同样进行了省略处理。 （3）小句替代使用指示代词指代前文出现的某一小句或者某一概念。例： “Well, I’ve got twenty-two dollars, but there’s everything to be paid for this

汉英翻译教程

汉英翻译教程

第一章 汉英语言对比 相关参考： 翻译教学和研究的经验表明：翻译理论和技巧必须建立在不同语言和文化的对比分析基础上。英汉互译的几项基本原则和技巧，如选词（Diction）、转换（Conversion）、增补（Amplification）、省略（Omission）、重复（Repetition）、替代（Substitution）、变换（Variation）、倒臵（Inversion）、拆离（Division）、缀合（Combination）、阐释（Annotation）、浓缩（Condensation）、重组（Reconstruction），以及时态、语态、语气、习语、术语等的译法，都集中地体现了英汉的不同特点。机器翻译是让计算机按照人们所制定的程序和指令进行不同语言的对比转换，也离不开对比分析。翻译之所以困难，归根结底是因为语言差异和文化差异。因此，对比、分析和归纳这些差异，便是翻译学的重要任务。 不同语言的对比分析不仅有利于教学和翻译，也有助于语言交际。通过对比分析，人们可以进一步认识外语和母语的特性，在进行交际时，能够有意识地注意不同语言各自的表现方法，以顺应这些差异，防止表达错误，避免运用失当，从而达到交际的目的。 ——连淑能，《英汉对比研究》 纪德是最理解莎士比亚的法国作家之一。在他看来，“没有任何作家比莎士比亚更值得翻译”，但同时，“也没有任何作家比他更难翻译，译文更容易走样”。纪德对莎士比亚的理解是双重的，既是精神的，也是语言的。他在与莎士比亚的相遇与相识中，经历了一系列的考验。对他在翻译中经历的这番历史奇遇，他曾在为七星文库出版的《莎士比亚戏剧集》撰写的前言中作了详尽的描述：描述了两种文化与两种语言之间的遭遇，也揭示了翻译中译者所面临的种种障碍。 纪德首先看到的，是语言与文化层面的逻辑性，这涉及到不同语言的思维方法。他说：“莎士比亚很少考虑逻辑性，而我们拉丁文化缺了逻辑性就踉踉跄跄。莎士比亚笔下的形象相互重现，相互推倒。面对如此丰富的形象，我们可怜的译者目瞪口呆。他不愿意对这种绚丽多彩有丝毫遗漏，因此不得不将英文原本中用仅仅一个词表示的暗喻译成一个句子。原来像蛇一样紧紧盘成一团的诗意，如今成了松开的弹簧。翻译成了解释。逻辑倒是很满意，但魅力不再起作用。莎士比亚的诗句飞跃而过的空间，迟缓的熊虫一瘸一拐才能走完。”在紧密的逻辑与丰富的形象之间，英语与法语的天平有所侧重，在两者的遭遇中，译者的无奈与局限源于文化与语言的巨大差异。 头脑清醒的纪德没有丝毫责备英语或莎士比亚的语言的意思，相反，在翻译莎士比亚的戏剧中，他充分意识到了母语的缺陷。他说：“只有在接触外语时，我们才意识到本国语言的缺陷，因此，只会法语的法国人是看不到缺陷的。”他的这一观点与德国作家歌德的观点几乎是一致的。异之于我，可作一明镜，从异中更清楚地照清自身。在这个意义上，与异语文化的接触，有助于认识母语与母语文化的不足。看清了自身的不足，便有可能从异语异文化中去摄取营养，弥补自身，丰富自身。 在艰难的翻译中，纪德亲历了种种障碍，他结合翻译中的具体例证，作了某

实用英汉翻译教程答案

实用英汉翻译教程答案 【篇一：大学英语实用翻译教程练习答案】 s=txt>第二章第一节 练习一：p10 一、 1．保护人类基因健康是个比较严峻的问题，但这不过是问题的一 个方面而已。 2．这些是科学家和技术专家研制的机器和产品。 3．科学已成为力量的一种源泉，不只是适宜于幻想的题材了。 4．建造和装饰宫殿、教堂和寺院的款项都由经商的富户承担支付。 5．查理一世和下议院的争吵已到了紧要关头，后来内战爆发，并 在白厅把斯图尔特王朝的君主送上了断头台。 6．在开辟第二战场之前，美国步兵精神饱满，营养充足，还没有 在战斗中受过创伤。 练习二：p16 一、 1．已经拟就一张至今已教过的所有动词的表。 2．每天从全国各地传来各行各业取得伟大成就的消息。 3．城乡之间的差别依然存在。 4．那一年，建立了旨在促进研究和试验的英国航空学会。 5．这里出版的报纸谴责侵略者屠杀大批无辜人民。 6．凡是成功的科学家常常把注意力集中在他发现尚未得到满意解 答的问题上。 练习三：p19 1．所有植物组织和动物组织主要由碳化合物、水和少量的矿物质组成。 2．他们并不认为有必要提供学生经常使用的名词化规则和构造使役句的规则。 3．各种族集团的文化特性、民间传说、神话和信仰都是根据文化进化规律起源于每一个集团的内部。 4．个别国家的科学努力可能将由跨国机构来进行统一和协调。 5．解放前，这个城市的垃圾和苍蝇一向无人过问，结果经常发生地方性病疫。

6．他是美国印第安人作家、演讲家和争取印第安人权利运动的活动家。 第二章第二节 练习一：p26 一、 1．我原先以为这部机器不过是一种没有什么价值的玩具。 2．第二天一早，饱饱地吃了一顿早餐之后，他们便动身了。 3．你愿意别人如何待你，你就应该如何待别人。 4．这部打印机真是物美价廉。 5．我七岁时就会织毛衣。 6．钢铁制品常常涂上油漆以免生锈。 二、 1．he who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. 2．before handing in your translation, you have to read it over and over again and see if there is anything in it to be corrected or improved. 3．the ear is the organ which is used for hearing. the nose is used for smelling. and the tongue is used for tasting. 4. modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind. 5．as it was getting quite dark, we decided to stop at that temple for the night. 6．internet is so convenient that we can find any information with the click of the mouse. 练习二：p30 一、 1．勇敢过度，即成蛮勇；感情过度，即成溺爱；俭约过度，即成贪婪。 2．她苏醒过来，看见周围一张张笑脸。 3．柯达321a型微胶片阅读器操作简便，功能齐全，结构紧凑，造型美观。 4．海洋与其说是分隔了世界，不如说是连接了整个世界。 5．他这次旅行既有军事上的目的，又有政治上的目的。 6．我希望这次会议不要开得太久，太久了只会浪费时间。 二、

英汉翻译教程(三)试题及参考答案

高等教育自学考试冲刺模拟试卷一 (英语专业) 英汉翻译教程(三) Part One Ⅰ. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. 1. For Britain our membership of the European Union and the World Trade Organization has brought this home. A. 对英国来说，我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份把这带到了家。 B. 对英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织把我们送到了家。 C. 对我们英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织的经历使我们对这一点深有感触。 D. 对我们英国来说，我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份使我们如鱼得水。 2. So now he contrived an eager, ingratiating smile, which he bestowed on Mr. Squires. A. 因此他就装出急切的、迷人的笑，并投向史奎尔先生。 B. 因此他就装出殷切的、拍马的笑，并把这笑赠予史奎尔先生。 C. 因此他就对史奎尔先生装出一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 D. 因此他就给史奎尔先生设计了一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 3. “People disappear in that river every year,” one of the policemen said to me that afternoon, half in dismay, half in frustration. A. “这条河里年年都有人消失，”当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 B. “这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。 C. “这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 D. “年年都有人消失在这条河里，”当天下午警察中的一个半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。 4. As recently as the early 1960s, the phrase “environmental law” would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look, even from many lawyers. A. 早在六十年代初，“环保法”这个词儿甚至会使许多律师感到纳闷。

汉英翻译基础教程期末考试总结

第三章名词的抽象和具体译法第一节名词的抽象译法(p68) 粗枝大叶to be crude and careless (with big branches and large leaves) 海阔天空to talk with random( with a vast sea and boundless sky) 灯红酒绿dissipated and luxurious (with red lights and green wine) 纸醉金迷of life of luxury and dissipation (with drunken paper and bewitched gold) 单枪匹马to be single-handed in doing sth (with a solitary spear and a single horse) 赤胆忠心ardent loyalty (with red gut and heart) 无孔不入to take advantage of every weakness (to get into every hole) 扬眉吐气to feel proud and elated (to raise the eyebrows and let out a breath) 开门见山to come straight to the point (to open the door and see the mountain) 大张旗鼓on a large and spectacular scale (to make a great array of flags and drums) 风雨飘摇(of a situation) being unstable (the wind and rain are rocking) 二．翻译下列句子 （1）这是他们夫妻之间的事情，你去插一脚干吗？ That’s a business of their own, between husband and wife. Why should you get involved in? （2）别人家里鸡零狗碎的事情你都知道得这么全，真是个顺风耳啊！ You know all the bits and pieces of trifles of other families. You are really well informed. （3）这消息让我出了一身冷汗。 I’m extremely terrified by the news. （4）她毛遂自荐来这所小学做老师。 She volunteered for the teaching post in this primary school. （5）我不敢班门弄斧，诚望您发表高见。 I dare not show off in the presence of（在……面前）an expert. I hope you would be kind enough to enlighten（启发，启蒙）us on this matter. （6）敌军闹得全村鸡犬不宁。 The enemy troops threw the whole village into great disorder. （7）敌军军官听说后路已被切断，吓得目瞪口呆。 The enemy officer was stunned by the news that the route of retreat had been cut off. （8）这些问题盘根错节，三言两语说不清楚。 These problems are too complicated to be explained clearly in a few words.

实用英汉翻译技巧与实践(Chapter 1&2)

An Applied Course in English-Chinese Translation Skills and Practice 实用英汉翻译技巧与实践 (Definition of Translation) 1.2 翻译的原则(Principles of Translation) 忠实(Faithfulness) 通顺(Smoothness) 1.3 翻译的基本步骤(Basic Steps in Translation) a. 原文理解（Comprehension of Source Texts) ?词义确定（Determination of Word Meaning) It is quite another story now. The officials concerned refused to confirm the story in the Post. The white-haired girl's story is one of the saddest. A young man came to police station with a story. ?语法分析（Grammatical Analysis) W hile I was waiting to enter university, I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived. ?逻辑判断（Logical Judgement) H e bought a picture of the house which many people thought to be replica. ?文体把握（Understanding of Style) 旅游景点警示语：路滑, 小心跌倒！ 译1：The road is slippery, fall down carefully！ 译2：The path is so slippery that you should be careful not to fall down. 译3：Slippery // Wet path！ b.译文表达（Expression of Target Texts) c. 译文校核(Proofreading of Target Texts) 1.4 翻译的主要方法（Major Translation Approaches) a. 直译法（Literal Translation） p aper tiger l ose face r unning dog G ood to begin well, better to end well. b. 意译法（Free Translation） Q ueen’s English s mall talk r eceive glove money E very life has its roses and thorns． c. 归化法（Domestication） b lack sheep a s timid as a hare d.异化法（Foreignization） 1.5 翻译的常用技巧（Practical Translation Skills)