陕西省延长县中学高一英语语法学案：动词语态

延长县中学导学案（教学案）

年级：高一班级: 姓名：小组名称:

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English is taught in our school .（被动）

．被动语态基本形式：

助动词Be + 及物动词的过去分词（be +p.p.），be有人称、时态

和数的变化。如：

一般现在时Am / is / are + 动词过去分词

Colour TVs are made in the factory .

一般过去时Was / were +动词过去分词

My hometown was liberated in 1949 .

一般将来时Shall / will + be +动词过去分词

The film will be shown again .

现在进行时Am / is / are + being +动词过去分词

The walls are being painted .

过去进行时Was / were +being动词过去分词

The tickets were being well sold then .

现在完成时Has / have + been + 动词过去分词

A new road has been built here .

过去完成时Had + been +动词过去分词

（合作学习）探究案】

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read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell, drive…

The book sells well.这本书销路好。

This knife cuts easily.这刀子很好用。

2). blame, let(出租), remain, keep, rent, build【来源：全品…中&高*考*网】

I was to blame for the accident.

Much work remains.

3). need/want/require/worth

注意：当need, want, require, worth(形容词)后面接doing也可以

表示被动。

Your hair wants cutting.你的头发该理了。【来源：全品…中&高*考*网】

The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗。

The book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。典型例题

如：The library needs___, but it'll have to wait until Sunday.

A. cleaning

B. be cleaned

C. clean

D. being cleaned

答案:A. need (实意) +n /to do，need (情态)+ do，当为被动语态

时，还可need + doing. 本题考最后一种用法，选A。如有to be clean

则也为正确答案。

4).特殊结构：make sb. heard / understood (使别人能听见/理解自

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1) 带有双宾语的动词，可以把任何一个宾语变被动，一般在间

接宾语前加适当的介词。

My father gave me a book ./ I was given a book by my father ./ A

book was given to me by my father .

2) 英语中有些动词用主动语态表示被动语态。

The cloth washes well ./ This kind of bags sells well. / The shoes

wear long. / The knife cuts well . / The pen writes smoothly . / This coat

lasts long .

3) 在英语中有时"be + V-ed"结构并不是被动语态，而是系表结

构。

The mountains were covered with snow .

4) 在"主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语"的结构中，要留宾语补

足语。

We found the door broken. / The door was found broken.

5) 宾语补足语为省to的不定式，变为被动语态后，要还原to。

He made me laugh. / I was made to laugh .

6) 如果短语动词是及物动词时，可以用被动语态，但不能遗漏

所含的介词或副词。The nurse looked after the baby ./ The baby was https://www.wendangku.net/doc/619499086.html, 010-******** 58818068 全品高考网邮箱：jiaoxue@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/619499086.html,

下列情况不能用被动语态：

1). a不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：appear, die disappear,

end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand;break

out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.

如：After the fire, very little remained of my house.

比较：rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。

(错) The price has been risen.

(对) The price has risen.

(错) The accident was happened last week.

(对) The accident happened last week.

(错) The price has raised.

(对) The price has been raised.

(错) Please seat.

(对) Please be seated.

要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些

是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问

题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。

b.不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：fit, have, hold,

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belong to

This key just fits the lock.

Your story agrees with what had already been heard.

c.连系动词无被动语态：appear, become, fall, feel, get, grow,

keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn.

It sounds good.【来源：全品…中&高*考*网】

The girl looks like her sister .

The food tastes good.

2) 带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被

动语态：die, death, dream, live, life

如：She dreamed a bad dream last night.

3) 当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。

(对) She likes to swim.

(错) To swim is liked by her.

4).宾语为反身代词：He always dresses himself neatly .

5).宾语为相互代词：The students often help each other .

6).同源宾语：At that time, they lived a happy life .

7).表示状态的及物动词：I have a new car. / The book cost me 30

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( ) 1 The People's Republic of China ___ on October 1, 1949.

A. found

B. was founded

C. is founded

D. was found

( ) 2 This English song___ by the girls after class.

A. often sings

B. often sang

C. is often sang

D. is often sung

( ) 3. Our room must ___ clean.

A. keep

B. be kept

C. to be kept

D. to keep

( ) 4. A new house ___ at the corner of the road.

A. is building

B. is being built

C. been built

D. be building

( ) 5. These papers ___ yet.

A. have not written

B. have not been written

C. has not written

D. has not been written

( ) 6. ___ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.

A. Does

B. Has

C. Is

D. Are

( ) 7. Who was the book___?

A. write

B. wrote

C. written

D. written by

( ) 8. Where ___ these boxes made?

A. was

B. were

C. is

D. am

( ) 9. The flowers ___ often.

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( ) 10. The old bridge in my hometown___ next month.

A. is going to be built

B. will built

C. are going to be built

D. are going to built

( ) 11. The pot ___ for ___ hot water.

A. used; keeping

B. was used; keeping

C. is used; to keep

D. are used; keep

( ) 12. The bridges___ two years ago.

A. is built

B. built

C. were built

D. was built

( ) 13. Old people must ___.

A. look after well

B. be looked well after

C. looked well after

D. be looked after well

( ) 14. Newly-born babies ___in hospital.

A. are taken good care

B. are taken good care of

C. take good care of

D. take good care

( ) 15. These walls ___ stone.

A. are made of

B. made of

C. are made into

D. made into

【当堂小结】The teacher summarizes the whole class.

【课后巩固（布置作业）】

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