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2015-2016学年牛津沪教版初中英语七年级下同步课堂笔记Unit_4__Save_the_trees

2015-2016学年牛津沪教版初中英语七年级下同步课堂笔记

Unit 4 Save the trees

I. Words

W1. save v. 拯救；储蓄；贮存

safe adj. 安全的safely adv. 安全地safety n. 安全

≈rescue v. 拯救

save money 存钱save water 节水

e.g. He saved the boy from the fire.

He saved a lot of money.

Let’s sa ve the Earth together because it is in danger（处于危险之中）.

W2. pine n. 松树v. 渴望（pine to do sth. 渴望做某事）

pine tree 松树pine nut 松子pine cone 松球

pine needle 松针squirrel n. 松鼠

pineapple n. 菠萝

e.g. The hill is covered with pines.

She is pining to travel abroad.

W3. discuss v. 讨论

≈talk about 谈论；讨论

discussion n. 讨论；商讨

discuss sth. 讨论某事

discuss sth. with sb. 与某人讨论某事

discuss dong sth. 讨论做某事

have a (hot) discussion about/on sth. 对某事进行（热烈的）讨论

e.g. I discussed the problem with my parents.

We had an interesting discussion about philosophy.

同义句：We are discussing the matter with the teachers. = We are having a discussion

about/on the matter with the teachers.

W4. branch n. 树枝；分公司；分店；分行；分支（pl. branches）

a branch of a river 河的支流

e.g. We often cut some branches off the trees in our city in early spring.

The bank has branches all over the country.

Birds are on the branches.

W5. root n. 根

the root 根源；基础

rooter 拉拉队员

the root of a plant 植物的根

the root of a tooth 牙根

pull up by the roots 连根拔起

take a root 生根

remove a disease root and branch 彻底治疗疾病

e.g. Trees need roots to take in water and food from the soil（土壤）.

Let’s get to the root of this matter.

W6. fight v. 与……作斗争；打架；战斗；争吵；争取

fight-fought-fought

fighter n. 战士；斗士

区别：flight n. 航班fright n. 惊吓

fight an enemy 打敌人

fight the fire 救火

fight a battle 打仗

fight用法：

(1)fight for后面一般接抽象名词（如自由、真理、权利等）：

e.g. They are fighting for freedom.

(2)fight against后面接事物名词或人和国家名词：

e.g. They fought against the enemies.

(3)fight with后面接人或国家名词，表示“同……并肩战斗”：

e.g. They fought with the Italians in the last war, but they fought against them in this.

W7. against prep. 反对

≠for prep. 赞成

e.g. We are for peace and against war.

Many people are against the plan.

against其它用法：

(1)against表示“靠；倚”：

e.g. I put the ladder（梯子）against the wall.

(2)against表示“防止；预防”：

e.g. Have you had an injection against the disease?

(3)against表示“撞击；碰着”：

e.g. He hit against a tree.

Rain beats against the window.

W8. example n. 例子

＝instance n. 例子；实例

for example（举众多例子中的其中一个）

for instance（举出一个实例，一个事实）

such as（举多个例子）

e.g. This dictionary gives many examples of how words are used in sentences.

There are jobs more dangerous than truck driving; for instance, training lions.

I have been to many places, such as Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen.

W9. harmful adj. 有害的

≠harmless adj. 无害的

harmfully adv. 有害地≠harmlessly adv. 无害地

harm n./ v. 伤害；损害；危害

e.g. These chemicals harm the environment.

Make sure the children don’t come t o any harm.

do sb. harm=do harm to sb.=be harmful to sb. 对某人有害；损害某人

be harmless to sb. 对某人无害

e.g. Strong sunlight can be harmful to your baby.

Harmful gas is bad for us.

W10. gas n. 气体；汽油【美】；毒气v. 加油

liquid n. 液体solid n. 固体

step on the gas 踩油门turn on the gas 开煤

气；开始吹牛turn off the gas 关煤气；停止吹牛

e.g. Hydrogen（氢气）and oxygen（氧气）are gases.

Gas has hardly any weight.

W11. produce v. 产生；生产

product n. 产品；制品

production n. 生产；制作；产品

e.g. The factory produces cars.

The company has just launched a new product.

The bigger problem is cost of production.

W12. oxygen n. 氧气

oxygen mask 氧气罩

produce oxygen 生产氧气

e.g. We need oxygen to breathe.

W13. major adj. 主要的n. 专业；主要科目v. 主修

≈main adj. 主要的≠minor adj. 次要的

majority n. 多数；法定年龄；成年

major road 要道 a major operation 大手术 a major party 主要政党 a

major illness 严重疾病

e.g. There are airports in all the major cities.

The major part of the town was ruined（变成废墟）by the earthquake.

同义句：Maths is my major.=My major is Maths.=I major in Maths.

W14. convenient adj. 方便的

convenience n. 方便；便利conveniently adv. 方便地≠inconvenient adj. 不

方便的

a convenient time 方便的时间 a convenient place 合适的地方

a convenient store 便利店

e.g. Let’s meet on Friday. What’s the most convenient time for you?

Our house is very convenient for the shop.

W15. furniture n. 家具【U】

a piece of furniture 一件家具

a set of furniture 一套家具

e.g. All the furniture is very old.

The only piece of furniture in the room was a large bed.

W16. imagine v. 想象；设想

≈guess v. 推测；猜测

imagination n. 想象力；想象

e.g. Can you imagine life without electricity?

I closed my eyes and imagined I was lying on a beach.

W17. disease n. 疾病【C】（指特定的具体疾病）→heart disease 心脏病

≈illness/sickness n. 生病【U】（表示抽象的疾病和生病的状态）→a long period of

illness/sickness 长期患病

e.g. Malaria（痢疾）and measles（麻疹）are diseases.

He died after a long illness.

提问：“你生什么病？”如何表达？

What’s your trouble?（√）

What’s your disease/illness/sickness?（×）

W18. dig v. 挖

dig-digging dig-dug-dug

dig for 挖掘dig...from... 从......挖出...... dig down 挖下去；掏腰包

e.g. They dug a tunnel through the mountain for the new railway.

W19. hole n. 洞

同音词：whole adj. 全部的n. 整体

drill a hole in the ground 在地上钻洞make a hole 挖一个洞

stop a hole 堵塞一个洞bore a hole in the door 在门上钻个洞prick a hole with a pin 用针刺个洞

e.g. My socks are full of hole.

W20. carry v. 搬；扛；背；运送

e.g. He carried the suitcase to my room.

Special fast trains carry people to the city centre.

carry短语：

(1)carry out 执行,实行；贯彻；实现；完成

(2)carry on 开展；维持；继续

(3)carry to 把什么拿到哪里

(4)carry for 为了谁拿什么（一般后面接家人）

(5)carry away 拿走；带走；使激动

(6)carry forward 发扬, 结转

(7)carry through 帮（某人）渡过难关；使（某人）保持勇气

(8)carry off 夺去；获得；使丧命；成功地处理

(9)carry on with （与）…调情；与…有暧昧关系

(10)carry about 随身携带

W21. container n. 容器

contain v. 包含；容纳

a container ship 集装箱船

e.g. The volume（容积；体积）of the plastic container is three times that of the metal one.

W22. Amazon n. 亚马孙；亚马孙河

e.g. They were exploring the Amazon jungle.

W23. rainforest n. 雨林

（rainforest=rain + forest；合成词）

e.g. Most rainforest timber（木材）is used locally（本地地）.

W24. square kilometre 平方千米；平方公里（km2）

square metre 平方米

square decimetre 平方分米

square centimetre 平方厘米

W25. basin n. 盆地

basis n. 基础basic adj. 基础的

Turpan Basin 吐鲁番盆地

Sichuan Basin 四川盆地

W26. spread v. 延伸；铺开n. 范围

e.g. The conditions are ripe（成熟的）for the spread of disease.

W27. destroy v. 破坏

e.g. Every breath you take will eventually destroy your future.

各种“破坏”：

(1)break：普通用词，指某物因被打破或撕破而受到破坏，可指有形或无形的破坏。

(2)destroy：多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏，含导致无用，不能或很难再修复的意味。

(3)ruin：多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭，侧重破坏的彻底性，也可用于引

申意义。

(4)wreck：侧重指船只、车辆、房屋等受到严重破坏或完全毁坏，也可指计划、健

康受到损害。

(5)damage：多指对无生命物体的损害，造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果。

(6)spoil：强调不仅会削弱力量、精力或价值，而且会导致不可避免的毁灭。

W28. deforestation n. 森林砍伐

e.g. He said Africa was suffering badly from deforestation: for every ten trees cut down,

only one was planted.

W29. result n. 结果

as a result + sentence 结果……

as a result of + phrase 由于……

result in + phrase 导致……

e.g. Spelling mistakes are often just the result of haste（匆忙）.

W30. decrease v. 下降；减少

≠increase v. 上升；增加

e.g. Last year there was a 20 % decrease in his earnings（收入）.

II. Expressions

E1. take in 吸收

E2. come from/be from 来自……

E3. for example 例如

E4. in fact （补充细节）确切地说；事实上

E5. look around/round/about 环顾四周

E6. (be) made of 由……制成

E7. millions of 大量的；数以百万计的

E8. (be) good for 对……有用；有好处

E9. pay attention to... 注意……

E10. fight against 与……作斗争

（以下短语作补充之用）

E11. the importance of trees 树的重要性

E12. plant this seed in the ground 把种子种在地里

E13. become a pear tree 变成一棵梨树

E14. an apple seed 一粒苹果种子

E15. in our daily lives 在我们日常生活中

E16. in many ways 在许多方面

E17. take in harmful gases 吸收有害气体

E18. produce oxygen 制造氧气

E19. get a lot more from trees 从树那里得到更多

E20. the leaves of trees 树上的叶子

E21. a lot of furniture 很多家具

E22. imagine a world 想象这个世界

E23. an interview about trees 有关树木的采访

E24. a radio programme about pine trees 有关松树的广播节目

E25. cut down millions of trees 砍伐数以百万计的树木

E26. a world without trees 一个没有树木的世界

E27. major fighters against air pollution 防止空气污染的主要斗士

E28. get fruit and oil from them 从它们那里得到果实和油

E29. make our lives more convenient 使我们的生活更方便

E30. keep the air cool and clean 保持空气凉爽和清洁

E31. people’s health 人们的健康

E32. a major problem 主要问题

E33. in one’s mind 在……的脑海里

E34. introduce a list 输入名单

E35. a sequence of things 一连串东西

E36. give me an example 给我个例子

E37. give a different idea 给不同的意见

E38. in difficult environments 在艰难的环境中

E39. fight against diseases 与疾病作斗争

E40. at the moment 此刻；现在

E41. on the phone 在电话里

E42. know the answer 知道答案

E43. answer the phone 接电话

E44. think about 考虑

E45. smell very nice 闻起来很香

E46. a smart/clever/bright child 一个聪明的孩子

E47. play sports 进行体育运动

E48. at a very high speed 以很高的速度

E49. a large container 一个大容器

E50. the Amazon rainforest 亚马孙雨林

E51. living things 生物

E52. lose one’s home (s) 失去……的家园

E53. besides water 除了水

E54. pick leaves from... 从……摘叶子

E55. make tea 泡茶；沏茶

E56. according to... 根据……

III. Language points

LP1. They help fight against pollution.

fight against 对抗；反对；与……作斗争

e.g. They were fighting against the enemies.

fight其它短语：

(1)fight for 为……而战斗（竞争）

e.g. They fought for their country.

(2)fight with 用（某种武器）与（某人）交战；用（某种方式、手段）反对（某人）；

与……斗争；联盟而战

e.g. Now, we fight with guns.

They had to fight with a force twice their number.

In World War Two, the Americans fought with British and French against the

Germans.

LP2. Rebecca wants to know more about trees and how they help us.

know about 了解；知道……的事情

e.g. How much do you know about me?

know more about 更多地了解；更了解

e.g. I want to know more about the USA.

LP3. They help us in many ways.

in many ways 在很多方面

e.g. We can think about the problem in many ways.

和way有关的常用短语：

(1)by the way 顺便说一下

(2)in a way 在某种程度上

(3)on the way 在途中

(4)all the way 一路上

(5)under way 在进行中

LP4. They keep the air cool and clean.

keep + sth. +adj. 使……保持（怎么样）（这里的adj.一般用原级）

e.g. You must keep your own room clean.

LP5. They take in harmful gases from the air and produce oxygen for us to breathe.

take in 吸收；欺骗

e.g. We must take in nutritious（有营养的）food every day.

和take有关的常用短语：

(1)take apart 拆卸；拆开

(2)take away 减去

(3)take on 承担；呈现

(4)take off 起飞；匆匆离开；脱下

(5)take up 开始从事；着手处理

(6)take down 写下；记下

(7)take over 接收；接管

(8)take for 把……误认为

(9)take to 喜欢；开始从事

(10)take from 减去；降低

(11)take as 看作；认为

(12)take back 收回（话语）；使回忆起；送回，退（货）

(13)take out 取出；除去；把……带出去

(14)take part in 参加；参与……活动

LP6. I know trees also make our lives more convenient.

make + sth. + adj. 使......变得（怎么样）（这里的adj.一般使用比较级）

e.g. We should make our city cleaner.

Let’s make our school more beautiful.

LP7. Many of the things in our daily lives come from trees. For example, paper and

pencils.

(1)in one’s daily life 在某人的日常生活中（当表示“不同人的日常生活”时，用复数

lives）

e.g. We have so many solar products in our daily lives.

I usually have diary products in my daily life.

(2)come from 来自......

e.g. I come from the south of China.

Today’s bi rds come from dinosaurs（恐龙）.

(3)for example 例如

e.g. Many languages, English and French, for example, have many similar words.

提问：还记得for example; such as; that is/namely的区别吗？

回忆：for example; such as; that is/namely的区别。

(1)for example用来举例说明某一论点或情况，一般只举同类人或事物中的“一个”为

例，可位于句首、句中或句末。

e.g. A lot of things are invisible（不可见的）. For example, we cannot see air at all.

Ball games, football, for example, have spread around the world.

What would you do if you met a wild animal, a lion, for example?

(2)such as用来列举事物时，一般列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，插在被列举的事

物与前面的名词之间，as后面不能有逗号。

e.g. Some of the rubbish, such as food, paper and iron（铁）, rots away（腐烂）over a long

period of time.

(3)若后面列举事物的数量等于它前面所提到的总和，则不能用such as，而用that is

或namely。

e.g. I have three good friends, that is/namely, John, Jack and Tom.

LP8. In fact, we get a lot more from trees.

(1)in fact 确切地说；事实上，其实（=as a matter of fact）

e.g. It was cold. In fact, it was freezing.

She looks 50 but in fact she’s more than 60.

(2)get...from... 从......获取......

e.g. We get milk from cows.

I got your telephone number from Betty.

LP9. Look around this room.

look around 环顾......（动词词组）；环顾四周（around为副词）

e.g. I’d like to look around your company.

The little ducklings（小鸭子）looked around curiously（好奇地）.

LP10. A lot of the furniture is made of wood（木头）.

(be) made of 由……制成（≈be made from）

e.g. The box is made of cardboard（硬纸板）.

(be) made of和(be) made from的区别：

(1)be made of作“由......制成”时，成品可以看得出原材料。

e.g. The chair is made of wood.

(2)be made from作“由……制成”时，成品看不出原材料。

e.g. Paper is usually made from wood.

其它与be made有关的短语：

(1)be made in +产地（产于某地）

e.g. The computer is made in China.

(2)be made by +制造者（由......制作）

e.g. The cake is made by my mother.

(3)be made out of +原材料（由......制成；无所谓看不看得出原材料）

e.g. The box is made out of iron.

(4)be made into +成品（被......制成）

e.g. Grapes are made into wine.

LP11. But we cut down millions of trees every year.

(1)cut down 砍倒......；砍伐......

e.g. His mother cut down the beanstalk（豆茎）.

(2)millions of 数以百万计的；大量的

e.g. Millions of people around the world eat these foods every day.

沪教牛津版七年级(初一)下册全册单词表

7年级 B册lie v.位于，坐落于Unit 1coast n.海岸，海滨person n.人perfect adj.完美的 cheerful adj.快乐的，高兴的prefer v.更喜欢 hard-working adj.工作努力的，勤勉的ski v.滑雪 patient adj.耐心的tower n.塔 smart adj.聪明的，机敏的finish v.完成 probably adv.很可能lift n.电梯，升降机forget v.忘记step n.台阶 smell n.气味stairs n.[pl.]楼梯 care n.照顾，照料receiver n.接收者 miss v.想念，怀念date n.日期 joke n.玩笑greeting n.问候 laugh v.笑address n.地址 remain v.仍然是，保持不变（ be）famous for以 ...而闻名 strict adj.严格的，严厉的department store百货商店encourage v.鼓励prefer to更喜欢 support n.& v.支持go on holiday去度假successful adj.获得成功的go sightseeing去观光 member n.成员 paragraph n.段落Unit 3 as well除 ...之外，也blind adj.瞎的，失明的take care of照顾，照料radio n.无线电广播 tell jokes讲笑话programme n.节目 make fun of嘲弄，取笑helpful adj.有用的，有帮助的（be ）strict about对 ...要求严格rescue n.营救 give up放弃mean v.表示 ...的意思 go to work上班receptionist n.接待员 all day and all 夜以继日allow v.允许进入（或出去、通 night过） pet n.宠物 Unit 2anywhere adv.任何地方France n.法国apologize v.道歉French adj.法国的lead v.带领 flag n.旗帜bark v.吠叫 wine n.葡萄酒wake v.醒来 tick v.标记号，打上勾towel n.毛巾possible adj.可能的bottom n.底部Europe n.欧洲finally adv.终于，最后store n.（大型）百货商店airport n.机场vineyard n.葡萄园appear v.出现 excellent adj.优秀的 act v.扮演（戏剧、电影中的 south n.南方，南部角色）

沪教牛津版深圳市初中英语七年级(下)语法填空专项练习

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2019年沪教牛津版英语七年级下册期中测试（一） Ⅰ.单项选择 A)从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以替代画线部分的最佳选项。1．Although I have made a lot of new friends, Nancy remains my best friend. A.is still B.is often C.is seldom 2.I hope you will be cheerful every day. A.sad B.strange C.happy 3.I want to visit this famous city in the north-west of China. A.popular B.big C.well-known 4.French farmers grow grapes to make excellent French wine. A.very common B.very good C.very bad 5.My father gave up smoking at last. A.stared B.liked C.stopped B)从下面每小题的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 6.-Are you going to___football match tonight? -I wish I could, but I'm meeting____VIP from Oklahoma. A.an; an B.an;a C.the; an D.the;a 7．-What happened to your sister？ -I have no idea. After she____this morning, she started______________． A.awake；crying B.woke up；crying C.wakes up; to cry 8.-What does the word___? -I don't know, either. Why not___the meaning in the dictionary? A.means；look up B.mean;look around C.mean；look up 9.-Please____some cola to me. -Don't drink too much cola. It's harmful___your health. A．give；at B.take；for C.carry；to D.pass；to 10.The weather in Shenzhen is much wetter than___in Beijing. A.these B.those C.that D.this 11.-I made the cake by___.Help___，Lily. -Thanks, Lucy. A.me；you B.myself; me C.me; yourself D.myself; yourself 12.Jerry will succeed in working out the problem___he gives up. A.if B.because C.so D.unless 13.-When will you come back? -I'm not sure.I must finish____all my work. A.do B.doing C.to doing D.done 14.The girl was scared to talk____ others. A.in the front B.in front of C.at the front D.in the front of 15.-Shall we make a cake for Tina as a birthday gift? -___. It will give her a big surprise.

沪教牛津版七年级上册

沪教牛津版七年级上册文件排版存档编号：[UYTR-OUPT28-KBNTL98-UYNN208]

7A U n i t3T h e E a r t h Date：July，2013 Ⅰ核心词汇： Earth地球quiz小测试pattern模式protect保护 report报告part部分land陆地v.登陆field田地 large大的provide提供pollution污染burn燃烧 energy能源ground地面kill杀死important重要的 fact事实kilometer公里own拥有catch捕捉 problem问题pollute(动词)污染callv.呼叫，称呼，打电话给··· Ⅱ重要短语: protecttneEarth保护地球protectsb./保护某人/物，使不受伤害 provide…..with为…..提供becoveredby被····覆盖 makeenergy制造能源put….into把…..倒入、放入）…… stopdoingsth停止做某事(不做这件事了）只指一件事 stoptodosth停下来做某事（停止做这件事，去做另外一件事） throwaway扔掉throwabout乱扔如：Don’tthrowaboutthewastepaper. haveagoodtime玩得高兴=enjoyoneself getup起床 Ⅲ重点句型： 1.TheEarthprovidesuswithair，Waterandfood. 2.It's+形容词+forsb.+todosth. 3.Therebe+主语+介词短语.

Ⅳ详细讲解： .(page31) Large大的。同义词：big西丽的荔枝园真大（large），里面的荔枝好大个（big），Waterandfood.(page31) .为某人提供某物Providesthforsb. 3.It'simportantforustoprotecttheEarthforourfuture.(page31) 为了我们的未来，保护地球很重要。注意：It's+形容词+forsb.+todosth. It在句中作形式主语，整整的主语为不定式toprotecttheEarth.动词不定式作主语，可以放在句前也可以放在句后。句中的谓语动词用单数。 .空气无味。（page35） no:①修饰可数名词时，相当于nota/an 如：shehasnobrother=shedoesn’thaveabrother ②修饰不可数名词时或者可数名词复数时，相当于notany. Therearenodeskintheclassroom.=Therearen’tanydesksintheclassroom. .我们可以让人们不喝鱼翅汤。（page37） .要求/请求某人做某事（固定搭配） .要求/请求某人不要做某事