高中英语阅读理解答题要诀[1]

高中英语阅读理解答题要诀

阅读理解是英语能力培养的重要项目，阅读理解考查的根本是检查学生对有关信息的加工能力。阅读理解能力的重要标志是阅读速度和理解的正确率。

第一讲主旨题答题要诀

主旨大意题主要考查学生的概括能力，即考查学生能否正确理解某一段落（或几个段落）、某一部分或整篇文章的大意。此时，学生必须具有抓住文章中心思想的能力。主旨大意题的四个选项有如下特征：其正确答案是根据文章的全面理解而归纳概括出来的，三个干扰选项主要从三个方面进行干扰。首先，某个干扰项可能是文章中的某个具体事实或细节，不是全篇的主旨大意。其次，某个干扰项可能是从文章某些(不完全的)事实或细节中片面推断出的错误结论。第三，某个干扰项可能不是依据文章有关实施的主观臆断。

要诀一：找文章的主题句

一般来讲，议论文的主题句在文章的开头。接下来是对文章主体展开的论证。

典例透析

NMET(I)2004C

When someone has deeply hurt you ,it can be extremely difficult to let go off your anger. But forgiveness is possible and it can be surprisingly helpful to your physical and mental health. Indeed , research has shown that people who forgive report more energy, better appetite and better sleep patterns.“People who forgive slow less anger and more hopefulness,”says Dr. Frederic Luskin, who wrote the book------FORGIVE FOR GOOD.“So it can help save on the wear and tear on our system and allow people to feel more energetic.”

So when someone has hurt you , calm yourself first. Take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, someone you love. Don`t wait for an apology….

The text is mainly written to explain______.

A. how to keep yourself from being hurt

B. how to stay mentally healthy

C. how and when to remain calm

D. why and how to pardon others

分析全文共两段，第一段的主旨在第二句forgiveness is possible and it can be surprisingly helpful to your physical and mental health，第二段的主旨在第一句So when someone has hurt you ,calm yourself first。结合这两句主旨句，我们很容易得出答案D。

要诀二：针对隐含的中心思想或文章大意，我们要对答案进行对比，分清主次

有相当多的题目考查学生对隐含的中心思想或文章大意的理解。因此，遇到这种情况，学生要能够把握文章的主要意思和次要意思及隐含意思，然后把这些意思中和起来。在选择答案时，所选结论吆喝文章内容吻合，要注意所选结论是否概括得太笼统，是否全面，既不能言过其词，也不能以偏概全。

典例透析

Joshua Bingham studied four years at the University of Paris and

decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided with an excellent legal background .He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.

What is the main idea of the passage?

A. How did Joshua Bingham become a lawyer?

B. Bingham is a diligent student.

C. Joshua Bingham received an excellent education.

D. A good lawyer needs good education.

分析此文没有主题句。读者只有将所有的details综合起来，进行逻辑推理，才能构成一个没有明确表达出来的主题思想（unstated main idea）. 由于文章主要涉及了Joshua Bingham接受教育的情况，即作者想告诉我们的是：Joshua Bingham受过良好的教育，所以答案是C。

阅读理解训练：

一

American Thomas Schelling and Israeli-American Robert Aumann will share the 2005 Nobel Prize in economics. Both men have greatly influenced the way conflict and business negotiations are carried out.

The two men are being honored for their work in developing an economic idea. It is called game theory.

Game theory began as the study of decision-making in competitive situations, like games. John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern linked the theory of games with economic activities more than sixty years ago.

In the nineteen fifties, John Nash developed an idea known as the Nash equilibrium (平衡). The Nash equilibrium is the point where all sides in a competitive situation believe they have been given the best offer they will ever get. He proved this with mathematical methods.

Mr. Nash won the Nobel Prize in economics with two other men in 1994.

Mr. Schelling used the ideas of game theory to study real-life problems, such as the arms competition between the United States and the Soviet Union forty years ago. He was interested in what influenced negotiating groups. He showed how one side might decide to harm its interests for a short period of time to make gains over a longer period. Mr. Schelling also used game theory to show how people become divided by race. He found that divided societies can result even among persons mostly willing to live near people of another race.

Mr. Aumann developed game theory mathematically so that it can be useful for different areas of study. He showed that peaceful cooperation can provide good results for all competitors in a game over a long period. This is true even among competitors with a temporary conflict of interest. Mr. Aumann also considered how reasonable decisions are made among groups. He showed that knowing what competitors know is important to

decision-making.

The work of both men has influenced areas of study other than economics. International negotiators, military planners, business leaders and biologists use methods developed by Mr. Schelling and Mr. Aumann.

Mr. Schelling, an American, is a retired professor of the University of Maryland. Mr. Aumann is a citizen of both the United States and Israel. He is a retired professor of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

1. Mr. Schelling and Mr. Aumann share the 2005 Nobel Prize in economics for .

A. developing “game theory”

B. developing the Nash equilibrium

C. proving “game theory”

D. beginning the study of “game theory”

2. The underlined phrase “make gains”in the sixth paragraph probably refers to .

A. suffer loss

B. improve health

C. make money

D. make

a profit

3. According to Mr. Aumann, when we want to reach a reasonable decision

among groups, we .

A. don’t have to be informed what our competitors think

B. must have a good understanding of what our competitors know

C. need only think about how we can make the most of our own interests

D. needn’t peacefully cooperate with our competitors to make a profit

4. We can infer from the text that .

A. Mr. Aumann used “game theory”to study the arms competition between

the US and the Soviet Union.

B. Mr. Schelling and Mr. Aumann only explained the game theory mathematically

C. most of the people are willing to live near their own competitors

according to Mr. Schelling

D. the game theory developed by both men is very valuable to more than economics

二

Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we all begin to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?

Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.

A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and a community who will listen. But a hero goes beyond

mere fame.

Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves. Like high voltage transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinary people.

The hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for what would be heroes is what or whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life richer?

Heroes are catalysts(催化剂) for change. They have a vision from the mountain top. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated (隔离的) buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large scale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.

5. Although heroes may come from different cultures, they _____________________.

A. generally process certain inspiring characteristics

B. probably share some weaknesses of ordinary people

C. are often influenced by previous generations

D. all unknowingly attract a large number of fans

6.Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who ___________ .

A. are good at demonstrating their charming characters

B. can move the masses with their forceful speeches

C. are capable of meeting all challenges and hardships

D. can provide an answer to the problems of their people

7.The author concludes that historical changes would ________ .

A. be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qualities

B. not happen without heroes making the necessary sacrifices

C. take place if there were heroes to lead the people

D. produce leaders with attractive personalities

三

One would have to be a fool to overlook the importance of using positive thinking for you rather than allowing negative thinking to work against you. In recent years, research in psychopharmacology (精神药理学) has proved what many people have known over the centuries: a positive attitude is good for you, good for your health, good for your wealth, good for everything. Researchers found that a positive attitude produces a

specific chemical reaction which makes people feel better, while negative thinking results

in a decline of hormone (荷尔蒙) and shuts down the immune (免疫的) system. This leads to illness and depression. Positive thoughts will make you feel better. Even if you must begin by literally forcing yourself to be positive (faking it, so to speak), it will become contagious (会传播的) and the positive thoughts will generate nice little chemicals and good feelings which will reinforce the positive thoughts.

For example, if you force yourself to smile or laugh, even when you don't feel like smiling or laughing, if you keep at it for a few minutes, you will soon feel like it. Feelings can generate thoughts, but thoughts can also generate feelings. Control your thoughts and you can control your feelings. Positive thinking is important in all aspects of our lives. There is probably no single factor more important in determining your success in achieving your career objectives than your own attitude.

It's often been said that in the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king. And in the office of militant (好战) negativism, the positive workers shine like gold. You cannot control external events, but you can learn to control your reaction to those events and thereby have a positive attitude and be happy. This vital key to success is totally within your control. Use it.

8. We can infer from the passage that .

A. positive thinking can cure you of your diseases

B. positive thinking can easily be generated by anyone

C. a decline of hormone may cause you to be depressed

D. a specific chemical reaction is the cause of negative thinking

9. According to the passage, which of the following is true?

A. Feeling and thoughts can generate each other.

B. It's easier to control thoughts than to control feelings.

C. Your success depends wholly on your attitude.

D. Keeping smiling will surely make you successful.

10. Just like a one-eyed man in the land of the blind, you should .

A. take positive attitude in the office of militant negativism

B. be king in your office

C. pay no attention to what is going on around you

D. control your feeling to what is happening to you

11. The best title to the passage is .

A.Thinking Benefits People

B. B. Why Should People Think

C.Positive Thinking and Negative Thinking

D.Thinking: The Vital Way

第二讲细节题答题要诀

阅读中，抓住文章中心是理解文章的关键，然而，中心不可能孤立地存在，

作者会用各种不通的方法对其作进一步阐述。要想充分理解文章的中心，我们必须理解烘托或帮助发展主题的那些重要的事实或细节，这些是对主题的补充说明，或是加强和支持主题的主要理由、证据。有关细节的问题是以what, who, which, when, where, how, why 等词引导的特殊疑问句，就文中某一个词语、某一个句子、某一个段落或某一细节或事实进行提问。

事实细节判断题的命题特点是：所提问题一般是可直接或间接从文章中找到答案。故解题原则是：忠实于原文，决不要主观臆断。细节与中心内容的关系是辩证的，只有抓住中心才能正确理解有关细节。同时文章事实细节不是孤立的，所以只有注意上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，才能做出准确判断。此外，弄懂文章的组织结构对迅速捕捉所需信息也很重要。

要诀一：从问题中寻找关键词

对事实比较明显的辨认题首先可从问题中找出关键词，然后到段落里迅速找到这一细节，再把细节所在的段落细读一遍以确保对细节的正确理解，从而选出正确答案。

典例透析

NMET 2001

Shanghai: Car rentals are becoming more and more popular as an inexpensive way of taking to the roads. Business people, foreigners and families alike are making good use of the growing industry.

The first car rental firm opened in Shanghai in 1992 and now 12 car rental players are in the game, with more than 11,500 cars in their books.

The largest player------Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Rental Center offers a wide variety of choice-deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big favorite.

Firms can attract enough customers for 70 percent of their cars every month. This figure shoots up during holiday seasons like National Day, Labor Day and New Year`s Day, with some recording 100 percent rental.

The major market force rests in the growing population of white-collar employees, who can afford the new service, said Zhuang Yu ,marketing manager of Shanghai Angel Car Rental Co.

1.Which of the following statements is true according to the text?

A.70%of the cars can be rented out on holiday.

B.70%of the customers are white-collar employees.

C. More firms are open for service during holiday seasons.

D. some firms rent out all their cars during holiday seasons.

分析这是一道确认短文提供事实的题目。短文第四自然段叙述了这些汽车出租公司每月能吸引顾客租用他们70％的小汽车，节假日期间，租用数字还要猛增。只有D项与短文内容相符。

2．Shanghai`s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due to _____.

A. better cars supplied by producers

B. fast service offered by car rental firms

C. the increasing number of white-collar employees

D. people`s growing interest in traveling during holidays

分析本题考查学生是否理解并掌握短文所提供的信息。短文最后一段，说明了租用出租汽车的主要市场力量，是能够负担得起这种新的客运业务费用、且队伍不断壮大的白领雇员，明确指出了上海汽车出租业迅猛发展的主要原因，故C

是最佳选项。

要诀二：区分主要事实和次要事实，把问题与文中的所有事实进行对比分析，

然后确定答案

典例透析

The nature of what is news may change. What essentially makes news is what affects our lives and the big political events, the courage of the wars, earthquakes and other disasters, will continue much the same.

I think there will be more coverage of scientific researches though. It`s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives, like genetic engineering. In the future I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do ------whether its love or depressions we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are.

According to the passage the future of newspapers_______.

A.will be mainly connected with scientific researches

B.will report more important political activities

C.will directly cover more on science

D. will build a bridge between different people

分析从I think there will be more coverage of scientific researches, though.可知答案选C。

四

SOUTHPORT, ENGLAND—A British teaching union famous for strange ideas has supported proposal to employ dogs as classroom assistants.

At the annual conference of the Professional Association of teachers in Southport, northwest of England, one person suggested properly trained dogs be able to keep order in primary schools. They can round up lost children and protect those who experience unfortunate “accidents”. Wendy Dyble, a Sheetland Islands woman who teaches children up to age seven, made it clear to her fellow friends that she was not “barking mad”. They obviously believed her, supporting her idea by 16 votes to 13, with a total of 63 abstentions.

he said big dogs could help round up children, keep them in line, lick up the milk they spill on the floor and provide the extra eyes that a teacher needs to keep order. “A big dog would also be helpful for breaking up fights and look for lost property, like gym shoes or dolls, ” Dyble said at the conference. “The dog will also be useful in sniffing out smells that children do not own up to,” she added. “It would be nice for the teacher not to have to go round sniffing each child to find the culprit.”

The idea was greeted by the Dog Defense League but less so by bigger

teaching unions. A spokesman for Education Secretary David Blunkett, who is blind, said his guide

dog was always popular with pupils when he visited schools. The Professional Association of Teachers, with around 35,000 members, is the smallest teaching union in Britain. It has an honour for occasional strange ideas.

Earlier this week, its annual conference here suggested stopping exams because they lead to stress and introducing selection at the age of 12 based on physical coordination and manual skill in the use of hand.

12. According to the writer's opinion, to employ dogs as classroom assistants .

A. is a wonderful idea

B. can improve the relation between children and animals

C．is beyond ordinary people's minds

D. can make some teachers lose jobs

13. What Dyble said at the conference .

A.gained some support from the members

B. frightened everyone at the conference

C.interested everyone at the conference

D. caused some trouble to trained dogs

14. A spokesman for Education Secretary .

A.once used a dog as classroom assistant

B. sang high praise for Dyble's idea

B.would employ dogs as teachers

D. benefited from dogs more than others

15. The last paragraph of this passage .

A. has nothing to do with the topic of this passage

B. shows there are too many exams in British school

C. provides further facts about the teaching union

D. shows the writer's anger to the union

五

Gene technology to benefit people

Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.

The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In

addition, human life span(寿命) can be prolonged.

Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial family being

a good example, have hereditary(遗传的) diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born.

Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep, therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.

16. What does "these two killers" in the second paragraph refer to?

A. gene technology and another treatment of the two diseases.

B. The two murderers who killed the cloned baby

C. The two diseases of cancer and heart disease

D. Hereditary diseases and cancer

17. What's the main idea of the third paragraph?

A. How gene technology can be applied in the field of treating hereditary diseases.

B. Gene technology can be used to clone human babies.

C. Gene technology can help people to give birth of a baby.

D. Gene technology can help the English imperial family out

18.In what way gene technology can help to treat hereditary diseases?

A. Using gene technology, people with hereditary diseases can have more living days.

B. Using gene technology, scientist finds the wrong gene and corrects it.

C. Using gene technology, human babies can be cloned.

D. Doctors can cure cancer and heart disease with the help of gene technology.

19.What is the main purpose of writing this passage?

A. Expressing the writer's idea that gene technology will benefit people

B. Telling people the advantages of gene technology

C. Telling the readers that gene technology will not benefit people

D. Explaining that gene technology will also do harm to the humanity

六

Special Bridges Help Animals Cross the Road

—Reported by Sheila Carrick

Why did the chicken cross the road? To get to the other side.

Most people know this joke. But recently, some people have been much more worried about how the grizzly bear (灰熊) and mountain lion can cross the road.

“Millions of animals die each year on U.S. roads,” the Federal Highway Administration reports. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today. The main reason? Roadkill.

“Ecopassages(生态通道)”may help animals cross the road without being hit by cars. They are paths both over and under roads. “These ecopassages can be extremely useful, so that wildlife can avoid road accidents,” said Jodi Hilty of the Wildlife Protection Society.

But do animals actually use the ecopassages? The answer is yes. Paul Beier of Northern Arizona University found foot marks left by mountain lions on an ecopassage that went under a highway. This showed that the lions used the passage.

Builders of ecopassages try to make them look like a natural part of an area by planting trees on and around them. Animals seem to be catching on. Animals as different as salamanders (火蜥蜴) and grizzly bears are using the bridges and underpasses.

The next time you visit a park or drive through an area with a lot of wildlife, look around. You might see an animal overpass!

20. The writer uses the example of “ocelots”to show that _______.

A. wild animals have become more dangerous

B. the driving conditions have improved greatly

C. the measure for protecting wildlife fails to work

D. an increasing number of animals are killed in road accidents

21. From the news story, we know an ecopassage is ________.

A.an underground path for cars

B. a fence built for the safety of the area

B. a bridge for animals to get over a river

D. a path for animals to cross the road

22. When the writer says that animals seem “to be catching on”, he means ________.

A.animals begin to realize the dangers on the road

B. animals begin to learn to use ecopassages

B.animals are crossing the road in groups

D. animals are increasing in number

23. The writer asks visitors and drivers to look around when traveling because ________.

A.wild animals may attack cars

B. wild animals may jam (阻塞) the road

B.they may see wild animals in the park

D. they may see wild animals on ecopassages

第三讲推理判断题答题要诀

推理判断题考查学生的话呢个归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。有些文章的中心思想不是通过一个或几个陈述明确的主题句来表达的，这就要求学生能够透过现象看本质，看出作者的思想倾向、观点、立场、语气和态度。

要诀一：以文章陈述为基础，层层分析，步步推导这种题型要以文章表面的陈述为基础，层层分析，步步推导，仔细体会其因果关系和事情发展的始末，从字里行间追踪其思路。

典例透析

Life FX ,the company that developed the Facemail, is sure there are broad business uses. The reason E-Business is not popular ,the company says, is that buying over the Internet lacks the human touch. But what if you went to the Nike website and Michael Jordan greeted you by name, waited on you and personally closed the sale? And it is talking with Whirlpool about using the technology in a computer screen on a fridge. Then if mom can`t be home when the kids get back from school, she can leave a note with a voice and image telling them what there is to eat.

The write mentioned the Nike website and Michael Jordan to show that______.

A.famous people like Michael Jordan also like to use Facemail

B.Facemail can make shopping on the Internet more interesting

C.Nike website will increase its sales by Jordan

D.Michael Jordan will serve you himself on Nike website

分析此题要求推断作者意图。作者在此只是提出一种假设，而ACD三个选项都是陈述事实而非假设。因此答案是B。

要诀二：原文中寻找依据

同深层含义题型一样，自己的推理判断不能脱离原文内容，不能凭自己意愿胡乱推理或只凭常识推理。选择答案时要谨慎小心，选出的答案一定要在原文中找到依据或理由。

典例透析

The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. About 90% of all illness might be preventable if individual made sound personal health choices based upon present medical knowledge. We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it limited when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society. The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may affect our health. If we do desire ,we can smoke ,drink much ,refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever food we want ,and live a completely sedentary life-style without any exercise.

The concept of personal choice about health is important because____.

A. personal health choices help cure most illnesses

B. it helps raise the level of our medical knowledge

C. it is basic to personal freedom in American society

D. wrong decisions could lead to poor health

分析从前两句可以得知，不良的选择会导致健康状况变坏。因此答案选D。

七

Dorms (宿舍) are part of the typical college experience. From RAs to shared bathrooms and cafeteria （自助的）food, nothing quite compares, and despite all the horror stories, many people look back on dorm living as one of the best times of their life. But, like anything else, it has both its pros and cons.

Expenses and Goodies. Face it: living on campus gives you a nice, neat package deal, (一揽子交易), as far as facilities (设施) go. Unless off-campus housing is very cheap, you’re probably going to save a lot of money by living in a dorm. Most schools charge one flat rate for both your housing and meal-plan. And with a dorm you don’t have to worry about paying for utilities (公共事业): electricity, water, phone, it’s all included. Not to mention cable（网线）, on most campuses, ethernet access, a high speed, constant connection to the Internet, which is now available in most dorms.

Privacy: One thing you find a little lacking in many dorms is privacy. You can end up sharing your bedroom with one person and your bathroom with twelve, which can be a big adjustment (适应). Rest assured that not all dorms are like this; you can get a single in many dorms (although you may have to pay more) and you might only share a bathroom with a couple other people. And many students find they really don’t mind close quarters(=living space), after the initial（最初的） adjustment period. Know both your surroundings and yourself. If it is a new situation, check to see exactly how much privacy you will and won’t have. And consider whether or not you’re the kind of person who can deal with a low-privacy situation. But give yourself a chance, too.

Atmosphere: Perhaps the most irreplaceable（不能替代的） thing about dorm life is the atmosphere. You may find yourself becoming close friends with your roommate and the other people on your hall or floor, forming relationships which will make your college experience more enjoyable and may last well beyond graduation. There is also, of course, more supervision（监督）in a dorm, which many people don’t like. It’s not all bad, though, because you may find yourself very grateful for the nearby help, if a party gets out of hand or something else goes wrong. And there’s always the bonus (额外利息) of less commute (通勤) time to your classes and easier access to campus resources.

24.The word “goodies” in the first line of the second paragraph

means .

A. tasty food

B. attractive goods

C. useful facilities

D. friendship

25．Living in dorms has all the following advantages except

that .

A．dorms are usually cheaper than off-campus housing

B．living in dorms saves time that you spend traveling to classes every day

C．living in dorms means that there are many facilities available to you

D．living in dorms keeps you in close touch with what happens in your school

26．One of the drawbacks (缺点) of living in dorms is_________.

A. additional fee for utilities

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/6f11411375.html,ck of privacy

C．less supervision

D．no help if something goes wrong

27.A person who can deal with a low-privacy situation ________.

A. doesn’t mind close quarters

B. will never share a bathroom with others

C. doesn’t like new surro undings

D. can easily adjust to a new situation

八

Dr Kimsma ,from the Netherlands, believes that euthanasia（安乐死）is not simply a question of ending someone’s life. The important thing is how that person’s life ends. If someone chooses enthanasia, he doesn’t have to think about the worry, and the suffering only. He can also focus （集中在）on the things he really wants to do, such as taking a last trip, or making up a fight with someone in the family, or saying goodbye. The pressure on that person becomes lighter when he knows he won’t have to go on suffering long. Often, people who have chosen euthanasia have such peace of mind that they die naturally, “ If I ended the life of a patient because I had not given him good care ,I would feel ashamed and guilty,” he said.

Dr Kimsma admits that in the case of euthanasia there is a conflict(冲突) between his goals as a doctor: saving life and helping those who are suffering. He believes that helping people is the morally right thing to do.” My patient can be sure that I will not let them suffer unnecessarily alone. That is just my goal a nd duty as a doctor.” He says he can only continue to perform euthanasia because it is something that happens very rarely.

Dr Ravenscroft, a medical professor in Australia, holds that euthanasia is wrong. He believes that when people have an incurable illness, they should be given care that lessens their pain and suffering and helps them to feel less afraid. He says that such care should improve the quality of a person’s life, even in the very last part of his life, without bringing death. Dr Ravenscroft suggests that a patient should be

given a drug to help him sleep for the last few days of his life, if nothing else will help him.

Ravenscroft says, “ Life is a great mystery. We take part in all of life including dying, but we are not masters of it.”

Besides, if euthanasia is lawful, it may be easier to choose death instead of continuing to look for a better treatment. He fears that people can be persuaded to choose euthanasia when they do not really want to.

28. Which of the following is Not Dr Kimsma’s opi nion?

A. People may die peacefully in euthanasia because they feel less pressure.

B. Euthanasia allows people to focus on important personal things in

the last part of their lives.

C. It is wrong to give up looking for a better treatment for an incurable

disease.

D. It is wrong to let a patient suffer when the disease is beyond cure.

29. According to Dr Kimsma , when the two goals of a doctor conflict,_____

A. saving life of those who are sick should come first.

B. helping people who are suffering should come first.

C. it is up to his patient to make a decision.

D. the solution varies according to the situation.

30. Dr Ravenscroft is against euthanasia . One of his reasons is that

_______.

A. nobody really wants to end his own life .

B. saving life is the only goal for a doctor .

C. care given to people having incurable diseases can make them live longer.

D. people can be given painkillers and drugs to make them suffer less.

31. By “ we are not masters of it” , Dr Ravenscroft means _______.

A. we have no righ t to end a person’s life .

B. we can never tell what will happen to us.

C. life is as mysterious as death.

D. life is always beyond our knowledge .

九

Fidenzio Salvatori is determined that the city of Toronto will have an outdoor marketplace for merchants from its immigrant community, complete with dancing and other forms of amusement from their native countries. "Toronto is truly multicultural (多元化)," he said in a newspaper interview. "It's a city from many places, and a multicultural marketplace will help Torontonians to understand and appreciate the rich variety of cultural groups in our city."

Salvatori, aged 23, will soon complete his studies at the University of Toronto. He was

eleven years old when he came to Canada from Italy with his parents. "Most of Toronto's

immigrants are from lands where the marketplace has always been part of daily life," he said.

Salvatori has been interested in getting an open-air market for Toronto for the last three

years. This year, with the help of two fellow students, he prepared a proposal on the subject and presented it to the city's Executive Committee, asking for their support. The proposal pointed out Toronto's rich variety of national groups, "whose customs include market shopping."

Under a Canadian government program for multiculturalism, the three students have

received two thousand dollars with which they will do a study to find out whether Toronto's

immigrant businessmen would support an open-air market. They hope the merchants will support the plan strongly. "A study done earlier this year showed that 90 percent of shoppers would be in favor of it," Salvatori said. "At first it would be an experiment. But we think it will prove to be good business for the merchants, as well as a tourist attraction."

32.Fidenzio Salvatori, with two other students, has got two thousand dollars from the government .

A. to make an experiment

B. to start a marketplace

C. to perform a research

D. to operate a business

33. According to Salvatori, the marketplace may also help to improve Toronto' .

A. market management

B. community service

C. travel industry

D. city planning

34. It can be inferred from the text that the Canadian government supports

A.the protection of different cultures

B. the plan of an open-air market

B.the request of merchants

D. the attitude of shoppers

第四讲观点态度题答题要诀

在文章中不仅客观地进行叙述和说明，他还往往持有某种态度。如对某一观点或赞同或反对，或肯定或批评。作者的观点和态度除了直接表达外，还经常在文章中间接表达出来。有时通过全文的叙述，学生可从文章的主要内容去理解作者的观点，有时作者也会在文章中用特殊的词汇表达自己思想感情。

要诀：深层理解弦外之音

理解作者意图，属于深层次理解题。要求读者具备能根据全文内容，尤其是根据文章的基调领悟作者的意图、情感、弦外之音的能力。同时读者还需要具备领悟幽默、夸张、嘲讽等协作风格的能力，以及理解比喻、象征等修辞手段的能力。

典例透析

There is no doubt that students should learn something about how computers work, just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal combustion engine has something to do with burning fuels, expanding gases and pistons being driven. For people should have some basic ideas of how the things that they use do what they

do .Further ,students might be helped by a course that considers the computer`s effect on society. But that is not what is meant by computer literacy. For computer literacy is not a form of literacy ;it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art.

Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two different activities. A case might be made that the able citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers. But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one. Leave that to people who have chosen programming as a career .While programming can be lots of fun ,and while our society needs some people who are expert at it, the same is true of auto repair and violin-making.

Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult ,and it gets easier all the time as programs become more “user-friendly”. Let us assume that in the future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen. What does the phrase “learning to use a computer ”mean?

It sounds like “learning to drive a car ”, that is it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that ,once gained ,enable one to use a computer.

The author`s purpose in writing this passage is ______.

A. to stress the effect of the computer on society

B. to explain the idea of computer literacy

C. to tell the requirements for being competent citizens of tomorrow

D. to emphasize that computer programming is an interesting and

demanding job

分析解决本题时，我们只要联系每段的首句就可以了，这三句都是作者向我们解释在使用计算机上的认识问题。故选B。

十

Have you ever felt your mind falling into disorder after a sleepless night?You couldn't come up with an original thought no matter how hard you tried.

You were probably right if you thought that was caused by a lack of sleep. Dr Horne, a sleep researcher in England, studied 24 college students. One group got their normal eight hours of sleep. The other group didn't get the smallest amount of sleep—they stayed awake all night. The next day, Dr Horne tested the students. He asked them questions that required creative and original thinking. One of the questions was "How many uses can a cardboard box be put to?"

The result? The wide—awake students did well on the test. The tired students did poorly.

Research has already shown that tired people can do OK on tests of habitual thinking, like simple addition. But Dr Horne tested creative thinking only.

As part of his study, he offered an amount of money as a reward to the sleepy students if they did well. But even this encouragement wasn't enough to help the students conquer their tiredness. They did poorly. Dr Horne believes that the part of the brain where thinking takes place may get worn out during waking hours. Sleep may help to repair the brain. Without any sleep, he emphasizes,"Even if you pay closer attention, you cannot do better."

This study gives people something to think about, especially people like hospital workers who must stay awake all night and then make quick decisions.

35、It can be known from the passage that lack of sleep may ___________.

A、be a cause of some serious diseases

B、cause one to lose his ability to calculate

C、do harm to one's power of usual thinking

D、weaken one's power of usual thinking

36、Which of the following statements is supposed by the passage?

A、Hospital workers can think well in spite of sleep.

B、People cannot work well without good sleep.

C、Those who are used to keeping awake all night do not like to sleep more hours.

D、Those who cannot sleep well day and night are all learned men.

37、Probaly who will not show great interest in this research result?

A、Anybody

B、Doctors

C、Nurses

D、Students

38、Which of th following might be the best title for the passage?

A、An Experiment on 24 College Students

B、Dr Horne, A Sleep Researcher

C、Encouragement and Results

D、Sleep and Original Thinking

十一

On average, American kids ages 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school, eight hours more than they did in 1981. They also did more household work and participated in more of such organized activities as soccer and ballet. Involvement in sports, in particular, rose almost 50% from 1981 to 1997: boys now spend an average of four hours a week playing sports; girls log half that time. All in all, however, children’s leisu re time dropped from 40% of the day in 1981 to 25%.

“Children are affected by the same time crisis that affects their

parents, ” says Sandra Hofferth, who headed the recent study of children’s timetable. A chief reason, she says, is that more mothers are working outside the home. (Nevertheless children in both double-income and “male breadwinner” households spent comparable amounts of time interacting (相互影响) with their parents. 19 hours and 22 hours respectively (各自的). In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers.)

All work and no play could make for some very messed-up kids. “play is the most powerful way a child explores the world and learns about himself, ”says T. Berry Brazelton, professor at Harvard Medical School. Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships with their peers, but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it.

The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing “free time ” watching television. But that, believe it or not, was one of the findings parents might regard as good news. If they’re spending less time in front of the TV set, however, kids aren’t replacing it with reading. Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books, the children spent just over an hour a week reading. Let’s face it, who’s got the time?

39．By mentioning “the same time crisis” Sandra Hofferth means .

A．children have little time to play with their parents

B．children are not taken good care of by their working parents C．both parents and children suffer from lack of leisure time

D．both parents and children have trouble managing their time

40．According to the author a child develops better if .

A．he has plenty of time reading and studying

B．he is left to play with his peers in his own way

C．he has more time participating in school activities

D．he is free to interact with his working parents

41．The author is concerned about the fact that American kids .

A．are engaged in more and more structured activities

B．are increasingly neglected by their working mothers

C．are spending more and more time watching TV

D．are involved less and less in household work.

42．We can infer from the passage that .

A．extracurricular (课外活动) activities promote children’s intelligence

B．most children will turn to reading with TV sets switched off C．efforts to get kids interested in reading have been fruitful D．most parents believe reading to be beneficial to children

十二

It isn’t often that an entire industry is symbolized in the figure of a single human being, and such is the case with Canadian aviation and the aircraft industry. The man is the Hon. John A. D.McCurdy and the life story of this still vigorous (积极的), distinguished Canadian is at once and at the same time the thrilling history of aviation’s progress in Canada.

It all began one cold February day in 1909 at Baddeck, Nova Scotia, when John McCurdy confounded(击败) the critics by flying the Silver Dart, an aircraft designed by himself, for half a mile over the ice of Brasdeor Lakes. This was the first powered flight in Canada and the first by a British subject in the Commonwealth. McCurdy gave proof of his flying ability-and of the development and the use of the aileron by being the first man in the world to carry out a figure eight in the air. He became the first to pilot a flying boat, taking off from Long Island Sound. He flew the first airplane to Mexico. In 1911 he had made the longest flight to date, and that over open sea 90 miles from Key West to Havana. He won the first cross country race in Canada 40 miles from Hamilton to Toronto-and he transmitted the first radio message from aircraft.

When World WarⅡcame, McCurdy took on board supervisory(监督) authority for Canadian aircraft production by serving with the government in various senior positions.

Following World WarⅡ, McCurdy was honored by being made lieutenant governor (政府顾问) of Nova Scotia where he made Canada’s first historic flight. He now lives in Montreal with a summer home in Baddeck, site of his first flight.

43．According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true about McCurdy?

A．He was a Canadian

B．He is regarded as the symbol of Canadian aviation and aircraft industry

C．He is the first man to finish a figure eight in the air

D．He now lives in Baddeck

44．The “Silver Dart” is .

A．the name of a weapon B．a plane bought by McCurdy C．the nickname of a famous Canadian pilot D．a plane designed by McCurdy

45．McCurdy is NOT the first one to .

A．fly in Canada B．pilot a flying boat

C．fly from Key West to Toronto D．fly to Mexico

46．The best title for this passage is .

A．How McCurdy Became a Famous Canadian Pilot

B．McCurdy’s Legendary Experience

C．McCurdy and the Canadian Aviation

D．McCurdy-the Symbol of American Aviation and the Aircraft Industry

第五讲词义猜测题答题要诀

词汇量的大小直接影响阅读效果，而阅读量的大小也对掌握词汇起重要作用。在阅读中不可避免地会碰到生词而影响正确理解文章的主要思想。

由于词义猜测题并不完全是检测词汇量，因此命题人会尽量选择能够通过上下文推测出词义的词语来设题，不含任何技巧的词义猜测题比较少见。

要诀一：同义法

通常在词或短语之间有并列连词and 或 or ，这些词或短语在句中作相同的成分，并且and 或 or 连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，甚至推知它的大致词义。

典例透析

(NMET2003,C ) Fermat`s Last Theorem .First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Fermat in the seventeenth century ,the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds ,including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem ,and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique.

Which of the following best explains the meaning of the word “baffle” as it is used in the text?

A.To encourage people to raise questions

B.To cause difficulty in understanding .

C.To provide a person with an explanation.

D.To limit people`s imagination.

分析由句中不难看出Fermat的定理使得最具数学头脑的科学家绞尽脑汁，据此推断出baffle为“使困惑、难倒、难以理解”的意思。故答案为B.

要诀二：反义法

利用反义词说明生词的意义。如反义词hot and cold ,give and receive, perfect and imperfect, 甚至前后句为肯定与否定、或是与不是等，在句内词与词之间，在段内句与句之间的关系上起着互为线索的作用。

典例透析

(NMET2002 ,E) A child`s birthday party doesn`t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun ,according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months.

What does the underlined word “hassle” probably mean?

A.A party designed by specialists.

B.A plan requiring careful thought.

C.A situation causing difficulty or trouble.

D.A demand made by guests.

分析由前句的否定doesn`t 与后句的肯定 can be 这一对比关系可以推断出，hassle 的意思应该与fun 相反，而与difficulty, trouble 等相近。故答案为C。

要诀三：释义法

高中英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧分析(可编辑修改word版)

高中英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧 CHN 纵观近几年的高考英语试题，我们不难看出，阅读理解能力是高考考查 的重点，自始至终占主导地位，并且有逐年增加的趋势。做好阅读理解，是 获得高考英语高分的关键。 阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是： 1.阅读材料，理解材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细 节。 2.既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。 3.既理解文章的字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等。 4.既理解某句、某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理 和判断。 5.既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应具有的常识去理解 判断。 根据这五项要求，我们可将阅读理解多项选择题归纳为以下几种题型： 主题主旨大意，细节理解题，综合推理题，概括归纳题，观点归纳题，人物 评价题，词义句义理解题，指代关系题，内容排序题等。下面结合自己平时教学中的经验体会，谈一谈做英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略。 一．主旨大意题-- 阅读理解首先要做到的就是掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，它是全文的概 括与总结。能否抓住这个中心，取决于读者的总结能力。每篇短文都有其主 题思想，而作者表现主题思想的手法各不相同。这就需要我们挖掘相同点， 寻找解题的方法--。 常见题型 1.主题型：What’s the main idea of this passage ? What does this passage mainly discuss? What’s the topic of this passage ? 2.标题型：What’s the best title? The best title for this text is (to tell ) . 3.目的型：The main purpose of this text is . The author’s purpose of writing this text is to . What’s the main purpose of the passage? 解题指导 1.抓住主题句。它们一般位于文章的开头或结尾。同时，也可以贯穿各 段中心句进行总结。 2.抓住文章逻辑线索，理清发展脉络。作者往往会采取举例、

(新)高考英语阅读理解九大题型解题思路详解

高考英语阅读理解九大题型解题思路详解 [ By: 平分秋色 ] 推荐 高考英语阅读理解九大题型解题思路详解 1．细节事实题： ⑴标志： ①题干中明确提到的时间、地点、人物等细节信息 ②针对文章中的一句或几句发问 ③题干和选项之间是因果关系 ⑵做题的关键在于：返回原文 ①根据题干中的时间、地点、人物返回原文 ②根据出题顺序返回原文（60％的准度） ③根据题干中的重点词或其同义词返回原文（如名词、动词、形容词，70％的准度） ④找原文中的难句定位，一般来说，难句都是出题点。 ⑶迷惑人的手段： ①单词替换 ②颠倒因果 ③扩大范围 ④常识判断

2．例证题： ⑴标志：case example illustration demonstration exemplify demonstrate illustrate ⑵做题的关键在于：是否能找到例子支持的论点，而不在于能否看懂例子 ⑶做题的步骤： ①首先返回原文定位该例子 ②然后80％向上、20％向下搜索该例子支持的论点 ③在四个选项中寻找与找到的论点表达最一致、意思最接近的一个才是正确答案 3．词汇题： ⑴标志：在题干中明确指出原文中某处的单词或词组，要求辨别其意思 ⑵做题的关键在于：该单词本身并不重要，重要的是该单词的上下文 ⑶如果该单词认识，并不超出大纲，则其字面意思必然不是正确答案，其正确答案是根据上下文推测的一个更加深刻的含义 ⑷做题的方法：可以使用两种方法从上下文进行推理： ①代入替换法 ②在上下文中寻找同词性的词或词组 4．句子理解题： ⑴标志：在题干中明确指出原文中的一句话，要求理解其意思 ⑵做题的关键在于：返回原文对出题的句子进行语法解析，要精确理

高中英语阅读理解专项练习二(含答案)

A “You can use me as a last resort（选择）, and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse（长曲棍球）club. I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on … At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.” I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal. Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community（社区）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services

(完整版)高中英语阅读理解的答题方法和技巧

高中英语阅读理解的答题方法和技巧 一、先看题干，带着问题读文章。 即先看试题，再读文章。阅读题干，首先要掌握问题的类型，分清是客观信息题还是主观判断题。客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调，作者未加陈述的观点以及贯穿全文的中心主旨的理解等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。 二、速读全文，了解大意知主题。 阅读的目的是获取信息。一个人的阅读能力的高低决定了他能否快速高效吸收有用信息。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力。没有一定的阅读速度就不能顺利地输入信息，更谈不上运用英语。近几年的高考阅读速度大约是每分钟40个词左右。考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

抓主题句这是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头和结尾。用归纳法撰写的文章，都是表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子居后。此时主题句就是文章的最后一句。通常用演绎法撰写的文章，大都遵循从一般到个别的写作程序，即从概述开始，随之辅以细说。这时，主题句就是文章的第一句。当然也有些文章没有主题句，需要读者自己去归纳。主题句往往对全文起提示、启迪、概括、归纳之作用，主旨大意题，归纳概括题，中心思想题往往直接可从主题句中找到答案。 三、详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络。 文章绝不是互不相干的句子杂乱无章的堆砌。作者为文，有脉可循。如记叙文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；论述体则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。你可根据文章的特点，详读细节，以动词、时间、地点、事件、因果等为线索，找出关键词语，运用"画图列表法"，勾画出一幅完整清晰的文章主题和细节的认知图。 四、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。 在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。这就是通常所说的深层理解。深层理解主要包括归纳概括题（中心思想，加标题等）和推理判断题，是阅读理解中的难点。深层理解是一

高中英语新高考-阅读理解指导与解读：复盘阅读C篇阅读心理过程

高中英语新高考-阅读理解指导与解读：复盘阅读C篇阅读心理过程 试卷阅读理解如何分析？仁者见仁智者见智，没有所谓的标准答案。我的理解是，一篇好的阅读解读应该包含，当然各有侧重点不同： 1、背景、内容、主旨 2、词汇和语言 3、语篇的行文特点 4、逻辑关系 5、体裁及其语体特点 6、深层含义 7、现实含义 8、作者意图、观点和态度 每次阅读前都要问自己四点： 1、我是不是总结了本文的宏观结构，是不是其它同话题文章也有同样的结构？ 2、文章的主旨在哪些段落里可以反映出来，这些段落的语句可有什么特征被广泛运用？ 3、文章反映了作者什么态度，哪些句子或单词可以看出来？ 4、段落是如何展开的，是举例、对比还是其它？ 每次刷题后也要问自己两点： 1、命题人的设问和文章结构可有关系，或者有什么规律？ 2、正确选项和错误选项分别针对文章句子的如何设计的？ 下面我就本次某考试阅读C篇来实践一下，实际上这也是我课堂上的循序，当然一般都是通过问题设计。

C 1 The Bible begins with the creation of the world. As a consequence（结果标识词，读到此，应该知道后面的主题句了）, in traditional Western thought the world is assumed to have been created by God. （段落中心：上帝创造世界。后面是具体解释了，可以略读）The Earth is associated with whatever is impermanent, imperfect, bodily and sinful. Heaven is the sphere of the permanent, perfect, spiritual and holy.（概念或中心句+具体解释的模式是绝大部分英语论说文的展开模式，关键是中心句的辨认。请关注解释部分里面的情感形容词：perfect, imperfect等，这都是通过对比来突出Heaven） 2 Traditional Chinese thought has no place for the idea of a creation（本句为论点，从上文的西方思想到本段的中国思想，明显是比较）. What exists has always existed and shall always do so（always重复，突出中国思想的特色）.Accordingly （语篇标识词，此句是照应论点句。这种模式：论点+论据+总结照应，也是很常见的）there is no concept of necessary “improvement”or “correction”of the creation through such means as a Last Judgment. 3 Things are as they are simply because that is the way they are（从because可见这是承接上文，具体解释中国思想了，可扫读一下第4段的首句确定）. The natural principle of order, common to all that exists, is called the Way (dao)（新的概念the Way的提出，必然后面要具体解释，这是铁定规律）. The Way is not some sort of law or pattern that God or prophets (先知) forced on what exists. It reveals itself in the

【阅读】高中英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧

阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是： 1．阅读材料，理解材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节。2．既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。 3．既理解文章的字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等。 4．既理解某句、某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。5．既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应具有的常识去理解判断。 根据这五项要求，我们可将阅读理解多项选择题归纳为以下几种题型：主题主旨大意，细节理解题，综合推理题，概括归纳题，观点归纳题，人物评价题，词义句义理解题，指代关系题，内容排序题等。 下面结合自己平时教学中的经验体会，谈一谈做英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略。 一．主旨大意题 阅读理解首先要做到的就是掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，它是全文的概括与总结。能否抓住这个中心，取决于读者的总结能力。每篇短文都有其主题思想，而作者表现主题思想的手法各不相同。这就需要我们挖掘相同点，寻找解题的方法。 常见题型： 1．主题型： What’s the main idea of this passage ? What does this passage mainly discuss? What’s the topic of this passage ? 2．标题型： What’s the best title? The best title for this text is (to tell ) ————. 3．目的型： The main purpose of this text is ————. The author’s purpose o f writing this text is to ————. What’s the main purpose of the passage?

完整版高一英语阅读理解专项练习

记叙文类作者：巩穹 （I）★★ Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission(录取) to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling. In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea. Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school for women. 1. Why couldn't Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon? A. She couldn't get admitted to medical school B. She decided to further her education in Paris C. A serious eye problem stopped her D. It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States 2. What main obstacle(障碍) almost destroyed Elizabeth's chances for becoming for a doctor? A. She was a woman. B. She wrote too many letters. C. She couldn't graduate from medical school. D. She couldn't set up her hospital. 3. How many years passed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital? A. Eight years B. Ten years C. Nineteen years D. Thirty-six years 4. According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts”in the life of Elizabeth Blacekwell except that she ______. A. became the first woman physician B. was the first woman doctor C. and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children D. set up the first medical school for women 5. Eilzabeth Blackwell spent most of her lift in _______. A. England B. Paris C. the United States D. New York City 1-5 CAABC （II）★★★ Europe is now the biggest market for organic food in the world, having grown by 25 percent a year over the past 10 years. Denmark's agriculture minister is herself an organic farmer.

英语阅读理解文章(作者)意图解题指导.pdf

英语阅读理解文章（作者）意图解题指导教学设计 I．设计思路 《高中英语新课程标准》明确指出：“高中英语课程要有利于学生优化英语学习方法，使他们通过观察、体验、探究等积极主动的学习方法，充分发挥自己的学习潜能，形成有效的学习策略，提高自主学习的能力。” 高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求：要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。考生应能： 1、理解主旨要义； 2、理解文中具体信息； 3、根据上下文推断生词的词义； 4、作出简单判断和理解； 5、理解文章的基本结构； 6、理解作者的意图和态度； 7、根据所读，用恰当的词语补全文章提纲、概括关键内容 或作要词词语转换。 因此有关阅读理解题目主要有以下四种： 主旨大意型 事实细节型 词义猜测型 推理判断型 让我们比较一下近两年江苏高考卷阅读理解题的分类题量。

2010年高考阅读理解推理判断题型中要求考生能把握文脉逻辑关系—句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。 推理判断题 英语阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，而是要求阅读者根据字面意思，通过全篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义，这就是判断推理题。判断推理题在阅读测试中属于难题。 判断推理是一种创造性的思维活动，但它并非无章可循。判断推理题要在阅读理解整体语篇的基础上，掌握文章的真正内涵。①要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础。②要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表入里，由浅入深。从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断等进行深层处理，符合逻辑地推理。不能就事论事，断章取义，以偏概全。③要忠于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知，推断未知。立足现在，预测未来。不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。④要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构。要体会文章的基调，揣摸作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展的方向，悟出作者的弦外之音。 推断题分类 1.推断隐含意义 2.推断作者观点或态度 3.推断写作目的 4.推断文章出处 5.推断文脉逻辑关系 那么，该如何掌握对推断作者观点态度题以及写作目的题的理解呢？ 人物性格、态度及观点判断题： 高考阅读测试中有些是考查对作者的主导思想、被描写人物语气、言谈话语中流露的情绪、性格倾向和作者或文中人物态度、观点等方面的理解题。做这一类题时一定要注意：由表及里的准确把握字里行间的意思，切勿用自己的主观想法或观点代替作者的思想观点；特别注意那些描写环境气氛的语言，以及表达感情、态度观点的词语。要特别注意作者在文章中的措词，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词；能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。

精编高中英语阅读理解题型解读分类总结

精编高中英语阅读理解题型解读大全 （一）阅读是获得更综合、更复杂、更精确信息的必要手段，考生在做阅读理解时，不仅要看懂文章的字面意思，还需要针对不同题材和体裁的篇目运用不同的方法作出正确的选择。一般来说，词汇、阅读速度和理解能力是阅读理解中三个最重要且有相互联系的因素。 阅读的方法可以使用以下几种： 1.读首段，找关键词（人名、地名、建筑、组织名、数字或but and besides howeverso therefor）。用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。 2.围绕关键词上下看一句。此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。 3.重复品味首尾段把好主题方向 （二）不同体裁文章的特点及解题技巧 1.记叙文 记叙文又可分传记类和故事类。传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键，根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件，抓住文章的主要内容。故事类文章情节性较强，阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件，这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。 2.说明文 说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章。把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。 ●数字说明文 在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义，从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。 ●解释说明文 解释说明文着重说明事物的本质、特征和功用等。许多科普文章都属于这一类。在阅读这类文章时要学会解决what, how, why 等一类的问题。它们是文章的关键。如能带着这些问题阅读，将会更迅速抓住文章的主题。 ●比较说明文 比较说明文是通过对比方法说明问题。在阅读这类文章时要善于把握全篇陈述的基本倾向。作者在谈论一个有争议的问题时总要顾及到争议的各个方面。但是，在一般情况下，作者的陈述总要倾向于某一种观点。

外研版高中英语必修一《阅读理解》专项练习题(含答案)

外研版高中英语必修一《阅读理解》专项练习题（含答案） Graham and his friends preferred to shoot up in their arms, necks and legs. A dealer once said Graham was the type who would never be able to turn back and that he expected him to die from the drug. Wendy feared the same, but di dn’t know how to save her son. “ Once, after he’d disappeared for more than a month, I found him at a friend’s house with a bunch of other users,” she said, “I got down on my hands and knees, begging him to come home. He did, but the next morning he was go ne. I don’t know what made him do it, but I drove 20 miles to the nearest train station. Graham was headed for Seattle, his pockets full of drugs. If I hadn’t gotten there in time, I would never have seen him alive again.” The turning point came in 2007, after Graham was arrested yet again for possession. Wendy got a call from the Montana Drugs Project, which works with local law enforcement（强制执行）to keep track of youth-related crimes so it can help families in trouble. Following a counselor’s advice, Wendy hired two men to come to her home in the middle of the night, tie Graham and take him to a treatment program in Thompson Falls, Montana. “I was high when they came and really angry with my mom,” he said, “But if she hadn’t done that, drugs would have killed me.” After six months of treatment, Graham, now 19, came back to Kalispell, where he’s grown close to Wendy once again. “I still have the desires every day and attend support meetings every night,” he said, “But life is worth living again. My mom thinks that’s a miracle. I guess she is right.” 1．The underlined phrase “shoot up” in paragraph 1 probably means_________. A．increase very quickly and suddenly B．put illegal drugs into the body by using a needle C．kill or injure someone by using a gun D．try to achieve a particular aim 2．When the two men came to their home in the middle of the night, Graham _______. A．had just taken drugs and was in the state of excitement. B．was sleeping in a high bed above the ground. C．had just taken drugs and was in the state of suffering. D．was quarrelling with his mother.

高中英语阅读理解题型解读、解题技巧及练习(教师版)

高中阅读理解题型解读（教师版） （一）阅读是获得更综合、更复杂、更精确信息的必要手段，考生在做阅读理解时，不仅要看懂文章的字面意思，还需要针对不同题材和体裁的篇目运用不同的方法作出正确的选择。一般来说，词汇、阅读速度和理解能力是阅读理解中三个最重要且有相互联系的因素。 阅读的方法可以使用以下几种： 1.跳读：就是快速的一步阅读法。实际上是有选择阅读，找关键词。用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。 2.略读：指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读，目的是了解大意，对文章有个总的概念。此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。 3.精读：即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法，目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解与掌握。 在使用阅读技巧时尽量做到以下几点： 1.带着问题阅读短文。 2.找出主题句、确定中心思想。 3.推断单词、句子和文章的含义。 4.尽快选择答案。 （二）不同体裁文章的特点及解题技巧 1.记叙文 记叙文又可分传记类和故事类。传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键，根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件，抓住文章的主要内容。故事类文章情节性较强，阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件，这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。 2.说明文 说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章。把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。 ●数字说明文 在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义，从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。 ●解释说明文 解释说明文着重说明事物的本质、特征和功用等。许多科普文章都属于这一类。在阅读这类文章时要学会解决what, how, why 等一类的问题。它们是文章的关键。如能带着这些问题阅读，将会更迅速抓住文章的主题。 ●比较说明文 比较说明文是通过对比方法说明问题。在阅读这类文章时要善于把握全篇陈述的基本倾向。作者在谈论一个有争议的问题时总要顾及到争议的各个方面。但是，在一般情况下，作者的陈述总要倾向于某一种观点。 3.应用文 应用文涉及的范围比较广，包括广告、通知、书信等。应用文一般语言简洁，省略及不规范的句子较多。阅读时一般要求考生全面掌握文章中提供的信息，并运用这些信息去解决问题。因此对题干的理解尤为重要。 阅读理解的考题分为客观理解题(是指在短文中客观存在的事实，客观信息的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。即理解文中的具体事实或抽象概念)和主观理解题(这类问题都不可能直接从原文中找到答案，须通过阅读文章对文章主旨和深层含义有更深理解，并据此进行判断和推理)。其中细节理解题和猜测词义题属于客观题；主旨大意题和推理判断题属于主观题。针对不同类型的题目，要在平时的练习过程中，结合具体的题目，给学生进行解题方法

高中英语阅读理解专题训练 ( 一 )

高中英语阅读理解专题训练 （广东专版 每篇5小题） （第1套） 第一节：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A（words:364&192） People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking. They try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six stages in analyzing a problem. First the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot read it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle. Next the thinker must define the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find out the reason why it does not work. For instance, he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He must make his problem more specific. Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears

高中英语阅读理解答题技巧

高中英语阅读理解答题技巧 英语阅读基本成了学生们的"老大难"问题，阅读题答不好自然英语成绩就不高，面临高考，考生压力巨大，很多学生都十分苦恼，认为英语提分实在无望，极度伤心失落后就打算放弃英语了，这样做肯定是不可取的。下面我们来讲一下英语阅读理解题的六字真诀：重、定、划、看、防、读。希望高考备考生们能够利用寒假时间，做一些英语阅读题，通过练习把这些"诀窍"融会贯通。 一、重 "重"--"重文本"。读懂文章最重要。 文本是题源所在，如果将考生比作勘探人员，那么文本就是他们的勘探场所。撰题者正式通过对文章的深入剖析，才将一个个地宝藏埋藏其中，让考生去发掘。所以读懂文本不但是准确解题的第一步，也是最关键的一步。 但是，快速读懂一篇文章却非易事，需要实行大量的阅读习练。高超的阅读真功夫有赖良好的阅读习惯的培养。既要读得快，又要读得懂，良好的阅读习惯是保障。 1、阅读的不良习惯 要养成良好的阅读习惯，首先要克服阅读的不良习惯。下面我列举了一些常见的阅读不良习惯，对号入座，看你有否。 心译：读一句心译一句，句句必须借助汉语译文方能理解； 指读：阅读时总是用指头或笔尖等指着句子，边移边读； 逐字逐句：一字一句，字字重视，句句关心，生怕漏掉一个单词，眉毛胡子一把抓； 见生即查：阅读时欲将生词各个击破，完全扫清阅读障碍，认为只要没有生词，便可洞悉文章； 出声：阅读时发出声音，全篇诵读，字字句句，丝毫不拉； 唇读：阅读时虽没有发出声音，但唇随句变，词带舌移，仅仅声带未颤，声音未出； 默读：没有出声，也没有唇动舌移，但目光、意识仍在逐句念诵。 以上不良习惯要么会打断阅读思维的连贯性，要么会破坏对文本的整体理解，而它们最大的害处就是降低了阅读速度。拿高考来说，共有五篇文章，合理的时间分配是35分钟，再分配到每一篇就只有7分钟了（当然考生能够根据文章难易稍做调整）；可就我的教学经验，罕有学生在35分钟内高质量完成五篇文章；有的同学用了50分钟，有的多达一个小时，还不算上复查的时间。常听到同学抱怨"其实试题并不难，仅仅时间不够"，这正是阅读的不良

高中英语学业水平考试阅读理解解题指导含练习答案

高中英语学业水平考试阅读理解解题指导 __________________________________________________ 解题方法：阅读理解一： Little Tom down the street calls our dog The keep dog. Zip is a sheep dog. But when Tom it comes out keep. And in a way Tom is right. Zip is always bringing ，牴敩?潴猠祡? 桓敥屰 I'll tell you about some of them.things home for us to keep！ Zip's first present was a shoe. It was made of green silk. told me ，， my big sister We didn't know how Zip found the shoe. But after a moment Mary？the shoe had a strange smell. I nodded（点头）and held my nose. What do you think it is off spot （污点）to clean a think like something for cleaning. I someone tried It smells 桴?桳敯?桔湥栠?異?瑩愠?桴?潤牯琠?牤?！??慳摩?坜?桳畯摬琠歡?瑩戠捡? Along came Zip. And good-bye shoe We can't .said my sister. ， Mary said. Maybe Zip is a keep dog！ Maybe little Tom is right1.The writer and Mary didn't know______. B. how Zip carried its first present home A. what Zip's first present was D. what Zip's first present was made of C. who owned Zip's first present 2.Tom calls Zip he keep dog because ______. A. the dog likes keeping things B. the dog likes playing with shoes D. he can't pronounce the word sheep well C. he doesn't know the dog's name 3.What made the shoe strange was ______. D. that it was a silk one B. its smell C. its size A. its colour ?桔?潷摲尠敫灥?湩琠敨氠獡?敳瑮湥散洠慥獮尠彟彟屟 B. bringing things for other to keep A. keeping things for itself C. not letting it run about D. taking care of a small child 5.We can know from the reading that the dog _____.B. has been kept in at the writer's home A. likes to give presents to people ?氠歩獥琠?敢挠污敬?瑜敨欠敥?潤屧 C. has brought some trouble 阅读理解二： . When I traveled across （逃离）During all this time I never stopped thinking about escapeto the other side of the island, I could see the other islands, and I said to myself, “Perhaps ngland one day.”I can get there with a boat. Perhaps I can get back to E So I decided to make myself a boat. I cut down a big tree, and then began to make a long Next, 独木舟). fine canoe (I about six months later, had a very was hole in it. It hard work, but