综合教程4课后习题及答桉

Unit 1

Vocabulary exercises

Ⅰ. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.

1. ... I came down here at your Head Master's kind invitation in order to cheer myself...

2. ... can anyone sitting here this afternoon ... not feel deeply thankful for what has

happened in the time that has passed and for the very great improvement in the position of our country and our home?

3. We had the unmeasured menace of the enemy and their air attack still beating

upon us...

4. 。。。They do not always expect that each day will bring up some noble chance of

war...

5. There was no flinching and no thought of giving in...

6. I want to do so last year, but I did not venture to...

KEY:

1.encourage

2.situation, circumstance

3.threat

4.good

5.a sudden small movement because of pain or fear

6.dare to express at the risk of denial

Ⅱ.Fill in the blanks with appropriate forms of the given words.

1. By the end of 2002, the corporation had to sell all products cheaply, price had

fallen _____(catastrophe), as advanced economies had under gone a profound transition.

2. Johnson isn't tired of Tokyo, it seems, but appearance can be _____(deceive).

3. Although a step forward had been taken, their religious _____(convict) prevented

them from taking up arms.

4. Many young man are not allowed to go out, _____(apparent) because of fears

that they may join the army in exile.

5. The ability of _____(persevere) despite of obstacles and setbacks is the quality

people most admire in others.

6. Now these are people who have lived with war for no more than two decades,

and nobody____(flinch) when when they hear gunfire unless it's very close.

7. Few Europeans who____(venture) beyond the Himalayas have returned to tell

the tale.

8. Whoever this woman is, she made of____(stern) than a man is when facing

unpredictable hardships.

KEY:

1.catastrophically

2.deceptive

3.convictions

4.apparently

5.perseverance

6.flinches

7.ventured

8.sterner

Ⅲ. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or a phrase taken from the box in it's appropriate form.

ups and down go through close an account misfortune

put through throw one's mind back to address oneself to yield to

1. She wouldn't want to ____ them ____ the suffering of a huge ceremony.

2. The famous orator ____ the public to his newly-published book which could add

to his reputation.

3. At that period, South Africa ____ a period of unchangeable events as the Black

were fighting for equality.

4. _____ 1978, we should not be surprised about some of Mrs. Thatcher's

comments, bearing in mind the party she belong to.

5. Parley ____ general pressure from the society and bitterly took the child to a

specialist.

6. The world is changing rapidly, our plans must change accordingly. Otherwise,

we should ____ with the harsh market economy.

7. Martin's upbringing shaped his whole life, with so many ____ every now and

then.

8. Julia has been made to undergo physical and psychological _____ for her

inability in having children

KEY:

1.put ... Through

2.addressed himself to

3.was going through

4.throwing our minds back to

5.yielded to

6.close an account

7.ups and downs 8.misfortune

Ⅳ Explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase in each sentence.

1. After a molecule has lost an electron, it has a positive charge

2. It has not until almost the end of the nineteenth century that a virus was proven

to be the cause of a disease.

3. Pure feldspar is a colorless transparent mineral, but impurities commonly make it

opaque and colorful.

4. I've been a bit down this week, especially after our team lost in game.

5. Because you have not found the summer job yet, you have to step up your

efforts.

6. She is a good student and absorbs new idea quickly.

KEY:

1.current

2.shown

3.frequently

4.depressed

5.try harder

6.takes in Grammar exercise

Ⅰ. Note the use of parallel construction in the following sentences.

1.We were poorly armed. We are not so poorly armed today; but then we were very

poorly armed.

2. We had the unmeasured menace of the enemy and their air attack still beating

upon us, and you yourselves had had experience of this attack...

3.But we must learn to be equally good at what os short and sharp and what is long

and tough.

4. They do not expect to move from crisis to crisis; they do not always expect that

each day will bring up some noble chance of war...

5. Never yield to force; never yield to apparently overwhelming might of the

enemy.

6. All this tradition of ours, our songs, our schools history, this part of the history of

this country, were gone and finished and liquidated.

KEY:

Omitted

Ⅱ. Improve the following sentence.

1. Skateboarding is both exciting and there is danger in it too.

2. The school teaches shorthand, bookkeeping and to use business machines.

3. The nurse wrote down my name, my address, and how old I was.

4. The sentence is difficult to understand not because of the technical vocabulary

but because the syntax faulty.

5. Marian could not decide wether she should start college right after high school or

to get job first,

6. The Allies decide to invade Italy and then that they would launch a massive

assault on the Normandy coast.

7. The actor was not only stunned by the noise of booting but also by the sight of

flying tomatoes.

8. Smoking cigarettes can be as dangerous as to play Russian roulette.

KEY

1. Skatebording is both exciting and dangerous.

2. The school teaches short hand, bookkeeping and the use of business machines.

3. The nurse wrote down my name, address and age.

4. The sentence is difficult to understand not because of the technical vocabulary

but because of the faulty syntax.

5. Marian could not decide wether to start college right after high school or to get a

job first.

6. The Allies decide to invade Italy and then to launch a massive assault

Ⅲ. Combine the sentence in each of the following sets into a compound sentence, using parallel construction if possible.

1. A. Heidi Ross was rich. B. Heidi Ross was

powerful.

2. A. Most of the floggings and lynching occur at harvest time.

B. At harvest time, fruit hangs heavy and ripe.

C. At harvest time, the leaves red and gold.

D. At harvest time, nuts fall from the trees.

E. At harvest time, the earth offers best.

3. A. I have nothing to offer. B. I can offer blood.

C. I can offer toil.

D. I can offer tears.

E. I can offer sweat.

4. A. Black people in America have been neglected for years.

B. Black people in America have been underestimated for many years.

C. Their recent accomplishments in variety of fields have made "black power"

a reality.

D. Their recent accomplishments in a variety of fields have made black pride possible.

KEY

1. Heidi Ross was both rich and powerful.

2. Most of the floggings and lynchings occur at harvest time, when fruit hangs

heavy and ripe, when the leaves are red and gold, when nuts fall from the trees, when the earth offers its best.

3. I have nothing to offer but blood, tears, and sweat.

4. Black people in America have been neglected and underestimated for many years,

but their recent accomplishments in a variety of fields have made "black power "real and black pride possible.

Ⅳ. Put the following into the negative.

1. Don't let us speak of dark days.

2. Don't miss your appointment without letting the doctor know in advance.

3. Don't use more water than necessary.

4. Don't let the children go swimming alone.

5. Don't cross the street without looking carefully.

6. Don't drive your car without a license.

KEY

1. Let us speak of the darker days.

2. Miss your appointment without letting the doctor know in advance.

3. Use more water than necessary.

4. Let the children go swimming alone.

5. Cross the street without looking carefully.

6. Drive your car without a license.

Ⅴ. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined structures in your sentences.

1. ...to many countries it seemed that our account was closed, we were finished.

2. ...and by what seemed almost a miracle to those outside these island, though we

ourselves never doubted it, we now find ourselves in a position where I say we can be sure that we have only to persevere to conquer.

KEY

1. It seemed that nobody knew what had happened.

It seems to me that I have been neglecting my duty.

2. She seems an unusually clever girl.

It seems to me a marvelous book.

Translation

Ⅰ. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrase given in the bracket.

1.我安排他们在小酒吧见面，但那小伙子一直都没有来。（turn up）

2.你无法仅凭表象判断形势是否变得对我们不利。（tell from appearance)

3.那个士兵每次打仗都冲锋在前，从而赢得了最高荣誉。（stand in the gap)

4.主席讲话很有说服力，委员会其他成员都听从他的意见。（yield to）

5.他们现在生活富裕了，但也曾经历坎坷。(ups and down)

6.这次演讲我说明两个问题。(address oneself to)

7.我们正在筹划为你举办一次盛大的圣诞聚会。(in somebody's honour)

8.听到那个曲子，我回想起了而同时代。(throw one's mind back)

KEY

1. I had arranged for them to meet each other at the pub but the young man never

turned up.

2. You cannot tell merely from appearance whether things will turn out

unfavourable to us or not.

3. The soldier, who stood in the gap in every battle, gained the highest honors if the

country.

4. The chairman spoke so forcefully that the rest of the committee yielded to his

opinion.

5. They are well-to-do now, but along the way they had their ups and downs.

6. There are two questions to which I will address myself in this lecture.

7. We are planning a big Christmas party in your honor.

8. Hearing that tune threw my mind back to my childhood.

Ⅱ. Translate the following sentence into Chinese.

They tell us that we are weak, unable to cope with so formidable an adversary.

But when shall we be strong? Will it be the next week, or the next year? Will it be when we are totally disarmed? Shall we gather strength by irresolution and inaction? Shall we acquire the means of effectual resistance, by lying supinely on our backs, and hugging the delusive phantom of hope until our enemies shall have bound us hand and foot? Sir, we are not weak, if we make a proper use of means which the God of nature hath placed in our power. Three millions of people, armed in the holy caused of liberty, and in such a country as that which we possess, are invincible by any force which our enemy can send against us.

The battle is not to the strong alone it is to the vigilant, the active, the brave,. Sir, we have no selection. If we were base enough to desire it, it is now too late to retire from the contest. There is no retreat, but in submission and slavery! The war is inevitable ---and let it come! I repeat, sir, let it come!

KEY

他们告诉我们，我们很弱小，无法对付如此强大的敌人。但是，我们什么时候才能够强大一些呢？是下个星期吗？是明年吗？还是我们完全被解除武装之时吗？犹豫不决、无所作为就能使我们积聚力量吗？难道只有仰面而卧，心存幻想，直至让敌人捆住我们的手脚，我们才能找到有效的抵御办法

吗？先生们，假如我们适当的运用造物主赋予我们的力量，我们就不弱小。

我们拥有300万为争取神圣自由而武装起来的人民，我们拥有这样的国家，这是敌人可能派遣来的任何军队都无法战胜的。战争的胜利不仅仅是属于强者，胜利还属于警觉的人、主动的人、无畏的人。先生们，我们已别无选择。

即使我们卑躬屈膝，指望从战争中脱身，也为时已晚。除了屈服、沦为奴隶，我们没有退路！战争已迫在眉睫———让它到来吧！先生们，请允许我重复一遍：让它到来吧！

Unit 3

Vocabulary exercises

Ⅰ. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.

1. It is my personal belief that human potential can only be realize by the

globalization of ideas.

2. ...the Internet may be responsible for furthering the fragmentation of society by

alienating its individual users.

3. ...he said he was "addicted," and has "forced" himself to go off-line.

4. Automobile ownership because commonplace and suburbs were

created."Progress" was their mantra.

5. However, based on my personal experience I can understand how, as they surf

the web some folks might be confronted with cognitive overload.

6. Some would argue that virtual existences created by some users who debate,

shop, travel and have romance on line are in fact not real.

KEY

1. ability to develop, achieve or succeed

2. causing to feel very distant from or not welcome to others

3. liked it very much and wanted to spend as much time doing it as possible

4. a word or phrase which is often repeated to express a belief

5. more information than one can cope with

6. a set of images and sounds produced by a computer which seems so real that for

most purposes it can be regarded as real

Ⅱ. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning.

1. The president warned, "America must get rid of the hangover we all have

because of economic binge we just went through," referring to the long period of inflated stock prices that sent Americans streaming into the market.

A. indulgence

B. speculation

C.habit

D.inflation

2. There is a small difference in meaning between the two words.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/6a13173010.html,d

B. s light

C. moderate

D.

minimal

3. Crab connoisseurs need not lament because king crab legs are still available at

the festival, along with plenty of other seafood.

A. mourn

B. fell regret

C. depress

D.

dissatisfy

4.There's always intense media coverage of airplane crash and that can really play

into people's fears and skew their perceptions of how safe it is to fly.

A. misconceive

B.change

C. distort

D.

preoccupy

5. The creature survive in a thin atmosphere of hydrogen and carbon and dioxide

and in a special brew of volcanic ash altered to simulate the properties of Martian soil, including its density, grain size and magnetic properties.

A.pretend to be

B.imitate

C.reproduce

D.

unify

6. This budget place short-term, political partisan gratification ahead of the nation's

needs.

A.satisfaction

B.pleasure

C.nomination

D.

bonus

7. She gradually perceived that her parent had been right.

A.noticed

B.knew

C.sccepted

D.

realized

8. Reputation is important and a big international bank just can't afford to alienate

client in countries around the world.

A separate B.give up C.discord D.

distance

KEY.

1. A

2. B

3. B

4. C

5. B

6. A

7. D

8. D

Ⅲ. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.

at the expense of prior to give....pause to think take advantage of

be availiable for in earnest for better life be confront with

1. John's mind is always full of fantasies. He dreams of changing the

world________.

2. Edward Stuart became a brilliant scholar, but only at__________ his health.

3. The corporation was determined to push forward the policy of reform, but the

new system_________great difficulty at the start.

4. In order to gain the utmost amount of benefit, this corporation________the

exceptional opportunities open in exports.

5. It present in satirical terms point made_________by catholic writers, which

proved to be a success.

6. Two tennis courts and a swimming pool_______the regular members of the club,

but the season tickets are only valid for three month.

7. According to the Federal Bureau of inspection, a man seen hanging around the

area_____the shooting could have been involved in the assassination of the President.

8. An opposition statement said he hoped the

agreement________them________about the futility of violence.

KEY

1. for the better

2. at the expense of

3. was confronted with

4. took advantage of

5. in earnest

6. are available for

7. prior to 8. would give ... pause to think

Ⅳ. Explain meaning of the underlined word or phrase in each sentence.

1. Large deposit of limestone and clay can be found in the northern reaches of the

state of Washington.

2. Several colleges and universities in the United States are now requiring that their

students purchase personal computers.

3. The use of mechanical refrigerators became widespread in United States in the

1920's.

4. Could we go out tomorrow night instead? I'd rather have a quiet evening in

tonight.

5. Becky will fill you in on what happened at the last meeting.

6. You can lose yourself in a sea of identical hairstyles and thought styles.

KEY

1. expanses

2. thinking it necessary

3. commonplace

4. at home

5. tell you

6. large number

Grammar exercise

Ⅰ. Put the following into indirect speech.

1. " I've been in London for a month, but so far I haven't had time to visit the

tower," said Robert.

2. " I was intending to do it tomorrow," he said, "but now I don't think I'll be able

to."

3. "Why are so many people interested in on-line shopping?" asked the boy.

4. "Don't make mountains out of molehills, Mary," John said.

5. "When the bell rings take the meant out of the even," my mother said.

6. "Let's surf the Internet ," said Ann.

7. "Need I eat it all,mummy?" said the child.

" Yes, dear, you must, " said the mother.

8. "Tom, you shouldn't spend all time chatting on the Internet," Mr Smith said. KEY

1.Robert said he had been in London for a month, but so far he hadn't had time to

visit the tower.

2. He said he had been intending to do it the next day, but then he didn't think he

would be able to.

3. The boy asked Why so many people were interested in on-line shopping.

4. John told Mary not to make mountains out of molehills.

5. My mother told me to take the meat out of the oven when the bell rang.

6. Ann suggested surfing the Internet.

7. The child asked his mother if he had to/need eat it all and she said that he

must/had to.

8. Mr. Smith advised Tom not to spend all his time chatting on the Internet.

Ⅱ. Combine the sentences in each group into one, using at least one absolute construction.

1. a. There had been no rain. b. The ground was dry.

2. a. When I walked in, Grandpa was sitting at the kitchen table.

b. The newspaper was spread before him.

3. a. The boys leaned against the willow tree.

b. Their fishing poles rested on sticks.

c. Their eyes gazed at the bobs floating on the ripples

4. a. Mark went homeward alone.

b. His heart was full of strange emotion.

5. a. The discussion had been completed.

b. The chairman adjourned the meeting for half an hour.

6. a. The cowboy dominates the pages of many magazines.

b. His hair is dark and curly.

c. His broad shoulder are sloping yet powerful.

d. His expression is calm and confident.

KEY

1. There having been no rain, the ground was dry.

2. When I walked in, Grandpa was sitting at the kitchen table, the newspaper spread

before him.

3. The boys learned against the willow tree, fishing poles resting on sticks, eyes

gazing at the bobs floating on the ripples.

4.Mark went homeward alone, his heart full of strange emotion.

5. The discussion completed, the chairman adjourned the meeting for half an hour.

6. The cowboy dominates the pages of many magazines, his dark and curly, his

broad shoulders sloping yet powerful and his expression calm and confident. Ⅲ. Fill in the blank with the gerund or the infinitive of the verb given in the brackets.

1. I try to______(pacify) him but he refuse to ______(pacify) and went on

_____(grumble)

2. I am looking forward to______(see ) you.

3. I object to _____(be treated) like a child.

4. I don't feel like ___(do) on lined shopping.

5. He hates ______(answer ) the phone, and very often just let it ____(ring)

3. Two whole pages are devoted to ____ (report) yesterday's bomb explosion.

KEY

1. pacify, be pacified, grumbling

2. seeing

3. being treated

4. doing

5. answering, ring

6. reporting

Ⅳ. Review the following sentences. Start with the words given.

1. He had hardly arrived when she started complaining.

Hardly ________________________________________________

2. Once Manton gets logged on the Net, he rarely care anything else.

Rarely ________________________________________________

3. You must not touch this switch under any circumstances.

Under no circumstance ___________________________________

4. They have never known such hardships in all their lives.

Never _________________________________________________

5. He worries so much about his financial position that he can't sleep at night.

So much _______________________________________________

6. He spoke not only more correctly but also more convincingly.

Not only _______________________________________________

7. They succeeded only after several trails.

Only __________________________________________________

KEY

1. Hardly had he arrived when she stared complaining.

2. Rarely does Maton care about anything else once he gets logged on to the Net.

3. Under no circumstance must you touch this switch.

4. Never in all their lives have they known such hardships.

5. So much does he worry about his financial position that he can't sleep at night.

6. Not only did he speak more correctly but also more convincingly.

7. Only after several trials did they succeed.

Ⅴ. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined structures in your sentences.

1. It is my personal belief that the human potential can only be realized by the

globalization of ideas.

2. He said that he felt like an alcoholic, in that moderate use of the Internet was just

not possible for him.

3. All of this being said, I believe that the key to realizing the potential of the

Internet is in achieving balance in out lives.

KEY

1. It is my hope that you will not give up your effort.

It was my belief that our team will win the game.

2. I am ready to accept your proposal in that I believe it to be the best you can offer.

This machine differs from other one in that it is more powerful.

3. All things being considered, I think I ought to award the scholarship to John.

So many members being absent, the meeting had to be put off.

Translation

Ⅰ. Translated the following sentences in to English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.

1. 15年来，医生们一直用抗癌药治疗这种疾病的，这些药就像大锤一样打垮

患者体内的防御力量。（equivalent of）2. 无可否认，香烟会使人上瘾，而一旦你上了瘾，就很难戒除这个习惯了。（in

earnesr）

3. 在日本人生产的一种电子游戏中玩游戏的人可以模拟艾滋病患者从染上艾

滋病毒直到死亡的经历。（simulate）

4. 我肯定，他说你可以用这笔钱继续学习音乐是人真的。（in earnest）

5. 我们只能以牺牲质量为代价来提高生产率，但这可能损害公司的声誉。（at

the expense of)

6. 探险者遇到了几乎难以逾越的峡谷。（confront with )

7. 一名外语老师如果要在中学任教，他最起码要持有正规教育院校颁发位证

书。（at the very least）

8. 我很快察觉到我无法使他改变想法。（perceive）

KEY

1. For the past 15 years, doctors have tried to treat this disease with anticancer

drugs, equivalent, to be beat down the body's defense forces.

2. There is no denying that smoking is addictive. And once you are addicted,

it's very difficult to get rid of the habit.

3.

Ⅱ. Translate the following passage into Chinese.

The Internet has launched us into a true information age and is enabling people around the world to interact with each other on a scale previously unimaginable. Whatever evolution ary course the Internet and the Information Superhighway take, the digital convergence of the telecommunications, television, and computer industries has forever altered the way we communicate and compute,

This convergence will enable companies to deliver service that were once beyond the technical limits. WebTV will viewers to access the Internet. Big screen, high-definition digital television and DVDs may change the way movies are shot. Satellite will help automobile find their own way home. Household will receive signals from satellite, microwave towers, fiber or copper lines.