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英国文学习题

英国文学习题
英国文学习题

Part I The Anglo-Saxon Period (449-1066)

I. Choose the best answer for each question.

1. Which people began their invasion and conquest of southwestern Britain around 450?

a) the Normans

b) the Geats

c) the Celts

d) the Anglo-Saxons

e) the Danes

2. Words from which language began to enter English vocabulary around the time of the Norman Conquest in 1066?

a) French

b) Norwegian

c) Spanish

d) Hungarian

e) Danish

3. The Britains, after whom the English province of the Roman Empire was named Britannia, spoke which language?

a) Celtic

b) Latin

c) German

d) French

e) all of the above

4. What is the first extended written specimen of Old English?

a) Boethius's Consolidation of Philosophy

b) Saint Jerome's translation of the Bible

c) Malory's Morte Darthur

d) Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People

e) a code of laws promulgated by King Ethelbert

5. Who was the first English Christian king?

a) Alfred

b) Richard III

c) Richard II

d) Henry II

e) Ethelbert

6. In Anglo-Saxon heroic poetry, what is the fate of those who fail to observe the sacred duty of blood vengeance?

a) banishment to Asia

b) everlasting shame

c) conversion to Christianity

d) b and c only

their hybrid culture?

a) Islam and Christianity

b) insular and continental philosophy

c) pagan and Christian moral codes

d) oral and written literatures

e) all of the above

8. The use of "whale-road" for sea and "life-house" for body are examples of what literary technique, popular in Old English poetry?

a) symbolism

b) simile

c) metonymy

d) kenning

e) appositive expression

9. Which of the following statements is not an accurate description of Old English poetry?

a) Romantic love is a guiding principle of moral conduct.

b) Its formal and dignified use of speech was distant from everyday use of language.

c) Irony is a mode of perception, as much as it was a figure of speech.

d) Christian and pagan ideals are sometimes mixed.

e) Its idiom remained remarkably uniform for nearly three centuries

10. Which of the following best describes litote, a favorite rhetorical device in Old English poetry?

a) embellishment at the service of Christian doctrine

b) repetition of parallel syntactic structures

c) ironic understatement

d) stress on every third diphthong

e) a compound of two words in place of a single word

II. Answer the following questions.

1. What are the main incidents in the poem Beowulf?

2. How many groups does the old English poetry fall into? What are they?

3. What are the main characteristics of Anglo-Saxon literature?

4. What are the writing features of Beowulf?

Part II The Anglo-Norman Period (1066-1350)

I. Choose the best answer for each question.

1. The popular legend of which of the following figures made its earliest appearance in Celtic literature before becoming a staple subject in French, English, and German literatures?

a) Sir Gawain

b) King Arthur

c) Saint Patrick

d) Saint Augustine

in Britain?

a) Kent

b) Rome

c) Ireland

d) a and b only

e) a and c only

3. By what act did Henry II, the first of England's Plantagenet kings, acquire vast provinces in southern France?

a) the Battle of Hastings

b) Saint Patrick's mission

c) the Fourth Lateran Council

d) the execution of William Sawtre

e) his marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine

4. Which of the following languages did not coexist in Anglo-Norman England?

a) Latin

b) German

c) French

d) Celtic

e) English

5. Which twelfth-century poet or poets claimed to have obtained narratives from Breton storytellers?

a) Geoffrey Chaucer

b) Marie de France

c) Chrétien de Troyes

d) a and c only

e) b and c only

6. To what did the word the roman, from which the genre of "romance" emerged, initially apply?

a) a work derived from a Latin text of the Roman Empire

b) a story about love and adventure

c) a Roman official

d) a work written in the French vernacular

e) a series of short stories

7. What is the ethos of many romances, both aristocratic and popular alike?

a) a knight rescuing his wife from the other world

b) a knight proving his worthiness through nobility of character

c) a knight declaring his high birth before a tribunal

d) a lord and a lady singing of the pleasures of life

e) all of the above

8. What is the climax of Geoffrey of Monmouth's The History of the Kings of Britain?

a) the reign of King Arthur

b) the coronation of Henry II

c) King John's seal of the Magna Carta

9. Which of the following subjects of Early Middle English religious prose was aimed primarily at women?

a) the penitence of Mary Magdalene

b) the woes of marriage from the husband's point of view

c) the heroic combats of the virgin martyrs

d) a and c only

e) a, b, and c

10. The styles of The Owl and the Nightingale and Ancrene Riwle show what about the poetry and prose written around the year 1200?

a) They were written for sophisticated and well-educated readers.

b) Writing continued to benefit only readers fluent in Latin and French.

c) Their readers' primary language was English.

d) a and c only

e) a and b only

II. Answer the following questions.

1. What is the influence of the Norman Conquest upon English language and literature?

2. What are the essential features of romance in the medieval English literature?

3. Make comments on the romance Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.

4. How many groups do the great majority of the romances fall into? What are they?

5. What are the artistic features of Piers the Plowman?

6. What is the most important department of English folk literature? Make comments on its most famous cycle: the Robin Hood ballads.

Part III The Age of Chaucer (1340-1400)

I. Choose the best answer for each Question.

1. Toward the close of which century did English replace French as the language of conducting business in Parliament and in court of law?

a) Tenth

b) Eleventh

c) Twelfth

d) Thirteenth

e) Fourteenth

2. Which king began a war to enforce his claims to the throne of France in 1336?

a) Henry II

b) Henry III

c) Henry V

d) Louis XIV

e) Edward III

3. The decision of which writer to emulate French and Italian poetry in his own vernacular prompted a changed in the status of English?

c) Geoffrey Chaucer

d) William Langland

e) John Gower

4. In addition to Geoffrey Chaucer and William Langland, the "flowering" of Middle English literature is evident in the works of which of the following writers?

a) Geoffrey of Monmouth

b) the Gawain poet

c) the Beowulf poet

d) Chrétien de Troyes

e) Marie de France

5. What prompted rural uprisings in Essex and Kent in 1381, which came as a profound shock to the English ruling class?

a) attempts to enforce wage controls

b) attempts to collect oppressive new taxes

c) attempts to consolidate English as a national language

d) a and b only

e) a, b, and c

6. What was Geoffrey Chaucer's final work?

a) Complaint to His Purse

b) Troilus and Criseyde

c) The Canterbury Tales

d) Legend of Good Women

e) The House of Fame

7. Who is the author of Piers Plowman?

a) Sir Thomas Malory

b) Margery Kempe

c) Geoffrey Chaucer

d) William Langland

e) Geoffrey of Monmouth

8. What event resulted from the premature death of Henry V?

a) the Battle of Agincourt

b) the Battle of Hastings

c) the Norman Conquest

d) the Black Death

e) the War of the Roses

9. Which literary form, developed in the fifteenth century, personified vices and virtues?

a) the short story

b) the heroic epic

c) the morality play

d) the romance

a) the heroic combats of the virgin martyrs

b) The Canterbury Tales

c) morality plays

d) the Arthurian romances

e) a female perspective of the church and its doctrines

11. Which of the following authors is considered a devotee to chivalry, as it is personified in Sir Lancelot?

a) Julian of Norwich

b) Margery Kempe

c) William Langland

d) Sir Thomas Malory

e) Geoffrey Chaucer

II. Answer the following questions.

1. What is the function of the Prologue to The Canterbury Tales?

2. What is Chaucer’s contribution to the Englis h language?

3. Summarize Chaucer’s literary career.

4. What is the social significance of The Canterbury Tales?

5. Summarize the poem of The Canterbury Tales.

Part IV The Renaissance

I. Choose the best answer for each question.

1. Which of the following statements accurately reflects the status of England, its people, and its language in the early sixteenth century?

a) English travelers were not obliged to learn French, Italian, or Spanish during their explorations of the Continent.

b) Cities like London, Oxford, and Cambridge paralleled continental cities like Venice, Madrid, and Paris for their bustling marketplaces and impressive universities.

c) English travelers often returned from the Continent with foreign fashions, much to the delight of moralists.

d) Intending his Utopia for an international intellectual community, Thomas More wrote in Latin, since English had no prestige outside of England.

e) all of the above

2. Which of the following sixteenth-century works of English literature was translated into the English language after its first publication in Latin?

a) Christopher Marlowe's Doctor Faustus

b) William Shakespeare's King Lea r

c) Thomas More's The History of King Richard III

d) William Shakespeare's Sonnets

e) Thomas More's Utopia

3. Which royal dynasty was established in the resolution of the so-called War of the Roses and continued

b) Windsor

c) York

d) Lancaster

e) Valois

4. Which of the following events probably most contributed to the unification of the political rivalry between the houses of York and Lancaster?

a) the coronation of Elizabeth I, daughter of Henry VII

b) the marriage of Henry V to Catherine of Valois

c) the defeat and murder of Yorkist King Richard III by the Earl of Richmond, later crowned Henry VII

d) the marriage of Owen Tudor to Catherine of Valois, widow of the Lancasterian King Henry V

e) the marriage of Henry VII to Elizabeth of the House of York

5. Which of the following statements about Tudor England explains the airing of important public issues indirectly through "entertainments," such as lyrics?

a) There was virtually no freedom of speech.

b) Ambitious men and women sought to divert attention from themselves in court.

c) There was a relatively limited means of mass communication.

d) a and c only

e) a, b, and c

6. Who authored Il Cortigiano (The Courtier), a book that was highly influential in the English court, providing subtle guidance for behavior?

a) Cavalcanti

b) Castiglione

c) Pirandello

d) Boccaccio

e) Machiavelli

7. Which of the following best describes Castiglione's term sprezzatura?

a) the art of living well

b) the art of fine dining

c) the art of concealment

d) the art of deciphering graceful words

e) the art of fostering paranoia

8. Who wrote the notorious book, Il Principe (The Prince)?

a) Cavalcanti

b) Castiglione

c) Pirandello

d) Boccaccio

e) Machiavelli

9. What is the apt title of John Skelton's poem about court life?

a) "Abstinence of Emotion"

b) "Benediction"

e) "Elegance in Waiting"

10. Which of the following sixteenth-century poets was not a courtier?

a) George Puttenham

b) Philip Sidney

c) Walter Ralegh

d) Thomas Wyatt

e) all of the above

11. Which of the following statements is not an accurate reflection of education during the English Renaissance?

a) It was aimed primarily at sons of the nobility and gentry.

b) Its curriculum emphasized ancient Greek, the language of diplomacy, professions, and higher learning.

c) It was conducted by tutors in wealthy families or in grammar schools.

d) It was ordered according to the medieval trivium and quadrivium.

e) Its purpose was to train students to speak and write good Latin.

12. What impulse probably accounts for the rise of distinguished translations of works, such as Homer's lliad and Odyssey, into English during the sixteenth century?

a) human reverence for the classics

b) a blatant disregard for accuracy

c) pride for the vernacular language

d) a and c only

e) a, b, and c

13. What was the predominant religion in England during the early sixteenth century?

a) Atheism

b) Protestantism

c) Catholicism

d) Hinduism

e) Paganism

14. Who began to ignite the embers of dissent against the Catholic church in November 1517 in a movement that came to be known as the Reformation?

a) Anne Boleyn

b) Martin Luther

c) Pope Leo X

d) Ulrich Zwingli

e) John Calvin

15. Which historical figure initiated a series of religious persecutions condemning Protestants as heretics and burning them at the stake in the 1550s?

a) Archbishop Cranmer

b) Catherine of Aragon

c) Queen Elizabeth I

d) Mary, Queen of Scots

government could claim effective control?

a) the North

b) the Infected

c) the Pale

d) the Independent

e) the Exotic

17. Which designates the theory that the reigning monarch possesses absolute authority as God's deputy?

a) manifest destiny

b) absolute power

c) royal absolutism

d) powerful royalty

e) divine authority

18. Expressed in Elizabethan poetry as well as court rituals and events, a cult of _______ formed around Elizabeth and dictated the nature of relations between herself and her court.

a) ignominy

b) unwarranted abuse

c) odium

d) absurdity

e) love

19. Which of the following best describes the systems by which writers received financial remuneration for their literary production?

a) benefaction

b) patronage

c) censorship

d) pressmanship

e) groveling

20. By what name did Elizabethans refer to the rhetorical "schemes" used in all forms of literature?

a) figures

b) overreachers

c) images

d) pyrotechnics

e) turns of phrase

21. In the Defense of Poesy, what did Sidney attribute to poetry?

a) a magical power whereby poetry plays tricks on the reader

b) a divine power whereby poetry transmits a message from God to the reader

c) a moral power whereby poetry takes on a didactic role

d) a defensive power whereby poetry and its figurative expressions allow the poet to avoid censorship

e) a realistic power that cannot be made to seem like mere illusion and trickery

22. Which of the following might be addressed/represented by pastoral poetry?

a) an exaltation of the city life over the boring country life

d) a celebration of the humility, contentment, and simplicity of living in the country

e) b and d only

23. Which of the following could be found in heroic poetry?

a) the glorification of a nation or people

b) exotic adventures and marvels

c) an imitation of Homer and Virgil in structure and motifs

d) a concern with love as well as war

e) all of the above

24. Which would provide a reasonable answer to what the "mystery" refers to in "mystery plays"?

a) They were performed by the guilds of many crafts, called "mysteries."

b) They had the disorienting tendency to confuse space and time in their plots.

c) They were plays in which a mystery was solved.

d) They represented the mysteries of the faith.

e) a and d

25. Short plays called ______-dialogues of religious, moral, and political themes-were performed by companies before the construction of public theaters.

a) interludes

b) spectacles

c) productions

d) mysteries

e) defenses

26. To what subgenre did the Senecan influence give rise, as evidenced in the first English tragedy Gorboduc, or Ferrex and Porrex?

a) villain tragedy

b) poetic tragedy

c) heroic tragedy

d) classical tragedy

e) revenge tragedy

27. Which of the following were kinds of comedies written for the Elizabeth theater?

a) tragic-comedy

b) humor comedy

c) city comedy

d) raucous comedy

e) all but d

28. Which of the following is true about public theaters in Elizabethan England?

a) They relied on admission charges, an innovation of the period.

b) The early versions were oval in shape.

c) They were located outside the city limits of London.

d) The seating structure was tiered, with placement correlating to ticket cost.

e) all of the above

1. What is the influence of the Authorized Version of Bible on the English language and literature?

2. What are the main features of European Renaissance?

3. What do you know about English Renaissance?

4. Give a summary about the English literature in the Renaissance period.

5. English Renaissance is usually divided into three periods. What are they?

6. What is the writing feature of John Lyly’s Euphues?

7. What are the writing features of Edmund Spenser’s masterpiece The Faerie Queene?

8. What are the characteristics of Edmund Spenser’s poetry?

9. Summarize the main story of The Fairie Queene.

10. How do you think of Thomas More’s limitation in Utopia?

11. How much do you know about Thomas More”s Utopia?

12. What is th e writing style of Francis Bacon’s essays?

13. Summarize the social significance of Christopher Marlowe’s plays.

14. How much do you know about Christopher Marlowe’s literary achievements?

15. Which play is Christopher Marlowe’s masterpiece? What is the st ory of the play?

16. When were William Shakespeare’s main tragedies written? What did he write about in his tragedies?

17. What do William Shakespeare’s historical plays reflect?

18. What features do William Shakespeare’s plays possess?

19. Tell the main idea of The Merchant of Venice.

20. What is the theme of Hamlet?

21. Summarize the story of Romeo and Juliet.

22. Make comments on the heroines in William Shakespeare’s comedies.

23. Make comments on the character of Hamlet.

24. How much do you know about W illiam Shakespeare’s sonnets?

25. Make comment son the image of Henry V in William Shakespeare’s historical plays.

26. Make comments on the image of John Falstaff in William Shakespeare’s historical plays.

27. Summarize Ben Jonson’s theory on drama.

Part V The Period of Revolution and Restoration

I. Answer the following questions.

1. What are the different aspects between the literature of Elizabethan period and the literature period?

2. Explain the “Puritanism” during the English Revolution.

3. Make a comment on the image of Satan in Paradise Lost.

4. What are the features of Milton’s poetry?

5. During his blindness, Milton wrote three main works, what are they?

6. Make a brief introduction of Paradise Lost.

7. To some extent, we can say, Samson is Milton, Why?

8. Discuss the theme and characterization of Paradise Lost.

9. Make an introduction of The Pilgrim’s Progress.

10. Summarize the situation of drama in the Restoration period.

Part VI The Age of Enlightenment in England

I. Answer the following questions.

1. What is Richard Steele’s and Joseph Addison’s contribution to English literature?

2. What are the characteristics of the early Romanticism?

3. What is sentimentalism?

4. What are t he features of Robert Burns’s poetry?

5. Make a comment on the image of Robinson Crusoe.

6. What are the features of Daniel Defoe’s novels?

7. Tell the story of the first part of Robinson Crusoe.

8. Tell the significance of the novel Robinson Crusoe.

9. Tell the story of the first part of Gulliver’s Travels.

10. How much do you know about English enlightenment?

11. What is Alexander Pope’s position in English literature?

12. What are the features of Laurence Sterne’s novels?

13. What are Jonathan Swift’s wr iting features?

14. Summarize the story of Tom Jones.

15. Make a comment on the chief characters in the novel Tom Jones.

16. What are the features of Henry Fielding’s novels?

17. Make a comment on the chief character Abraham Adam in the novel Joseph Andrews.

18. As a satirical novel, how does Jonathan Wild expose the corruption of the bourgeois society?

19. Can we say that Henry Fielding is the founder of the English realistic novel?

20. What is William Blake’s position in English literature?

21. What are the three stages of the Enlightenment?

22. What are Tobias Smollett’s writing features?

23. How much do you know about the novel of Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded?

24. What are the features of Samuel Richardson’s novels?

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