第十二讲 从句一 宾语从句+状语从句

第十二讲复合句一（宾语、状语从句）

考试要求：

宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句的用法是中考热点之一，主要考查三种从句的引导词的选择；宾语从句的语序和时态；状语从句主要考查时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句，特别是条件状语从句的时态、so… that引导的结果状语从句和目的状语从句等。

知识点总结：

1. 宾语从句：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句，中考主要考查的知识点有三个：引导词、语序和时态。

宾语从句的引导词有三种:1）that; 2）whether/ if; 3）特殊疑问词What/ when/ where/ who等。

He said that he could help me. 他说他能够帮助我。

Your mother asked if you could finish your work this week.

你妈妈问这个星期你能否完成工作。

Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin？

你能告诉我运动会将在什么时候开始吗？

1) 以that引导的宾语从句：

that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当，引导词that没有实际意义，不在从句中作任何成分,that可以省略，而且从句成分齐全，句意完整。

Do you think (that) it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗？

He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。

2) 以whether或if引导的宾语从句：

从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，变成从句后，语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。whether和if意为―是否‖。

Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday.

请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。

I don’t care whether you like the story or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。

注意：以下情况一般只用whether不用if。

①接带to的动词不定式。

She doesn’t know whether to go to the zoo. 她不知道是不是去动物园。

②与or not连用时。

I’m not sure whether or not he will come on time. 他能否准时来，我说不准。

3) 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句：

此类宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序，由wh-开头的疑问词引导。包括who, whom, whose, what, which等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词，这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。例如：Could you tell me which gate we have to go to? 请问我们得走哪个门？

He didn’t tell me how long he would stay here. 他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。

注意：1）陈述语序：由whether/ if和特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句要用陈述语序，原来的倒装语序改成陈述语序时，注意相应的助动词和动词的变化等。

Where does your father work? Can you tell us? →

Can you tell us where your father works? 你能告诉我们你爸爸在哪里工作吗？

Did you get home very late? He asked me. →

He asked me if I got home very late. 他问我是否到家很晚。

2）时态对应：

如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句根据实际情况用各种时态。例如：

My teacher says he will be back in a week. （一般将来时）我的老师说他将在一个星期后回来。My teacher says he is watching TV. （现在进行时）我的老师说他正在看电视。

My teacher says he has seen the movie. （现在完成时）我的老师说他已经看过这部电影了。

如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句用相应的过去时态。例如：

My father said he was watching TV at that time.（过去进行时）

我爸爸说在那个时候他在看电视。（过去完成时）

My father said the he had already seen the movie. 我爸爸说他已经看过那部电影了。

如果宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时，用一般现在时。例如：

Our teacher told us the sun is much bigger than the earth. （一般现在时）

我们的老师告诉我们太阳比地球大多了。

3) 否定转移：主句如果是I think/ believe/ imagine/ suppose/ guess/ expect等，从句的否定一般要转移到主句中，其反意疑问句与从句一致。例如：

I don’t think they’ll wait to the last minute. 我认为他们不会等到最后一分钟。

I don’t believe he did this, did he? 我相信他不会做这样的事，他会吗？

2. 状语从句：用作状语的句子叫状语从句。

引导状语从句的连接词是从属连词，状语从句可以在句首，也可以在句尾。

根据其用途可分为：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句，比较状语从句等。

【分类】

时间状语从句when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once, as soon as,etc.

地点状语从句where,wherever

原因状语从句because, since, as, for, now that, etc.

目的状语从句in order that, so that, that, etc.

结果状语从句so…that, so that, such…that, that, etc.

条件状语从句if, unless, as(so)long as, etc.

让步状语从句though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as,etc. 比较状语从句as…as, so…as, than, etc.

方式状语从句as, as if, as though, etc.

A. 时间状语从句：时间状语从句表示时间，常用连接词有：when（当……时），while （当……时），as（当……时），b efore（在……之前），after（在……之后），since （自从），until（直到），as soon as（一……就），once（一旦……就）等。

例如：

I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework. 我直到做完作业才去睡觉。

I can listen to the radio while I work. 我可以边听收音机边工作。

注意：①时间状语从句中，一般要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。例如：

I will telephone you when he comes. 他来了我给你打电话。

I’ll stay here until you come back. 我会呆在这里，直到你回来。

② when引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生，从句的谓语可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。例如：

He was working when I went in. 我进去时他正在工作。

When she heard the news, she began to cry. 她听到这个消息，她哭了起来。

③while引导的状语从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词，意思是―在……期间‖。while还可以表示两者之间的对比关系。

They rushed in while we were singing. 我们唱歌时，他们冲进来。

I like playing football, while Tom likes listening to music. 我喜欢踢足球，而汤姆喜欢听音乐。

④ as引导状语从句，强调同时发生，不分先后。可以译成―随着‖或―一边……一边‖。

例如：John sings as he walks home. 约翰一边往家走一边唱歌。

⑤since引导状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。

We have been friends since we met in Beijing. 自从我们在北京遇到就一直是朋友。

It has been six years since she left school. 自从她毕业已经有六年了。

⑥until/ till 引导时间状语从句，当主句的谓语动词是瞬间动词时，主句常用否定形式，not… until意思为“直到……才”。

He didn’t go to bed until he finished his homework. 他直到做完作业才睡觉。

B. 地点状语从句：地点状语从句表示地点。其连接词有where（哪里），wherever（无论哪里）等。

例如：Put it where you find it. 把它放在原来的地方。

You can sit wherever you like. 你喜欢坐在哪里就坐在哪里。

C. 原因状语从句：原因状语从句表示原因或者理由。其连接词有：because（因为），as （因为），since（既然）等。

例如：I often eat carrots because they are good for my health.

我经常吃胡萝卜是因为对我的身体有好处。

As I don’t know the way, I had to ask the policeman.

由于我不知道路，所以我不得不问警察。

注意：① because表示因果关系语气最强，常用来回答我why提出的问题。

I didn’t tell them because they w ere too young. 我没有告诉他们，因为他们太小。

② because和so不能同在一个句子里。

Because the book was expensive, I didn’t buy it. (I 前不用so)

D. 结果状语从句：表示结果。其连接词有：so…that…（如此……以致……），such… that…（如此……以致……）等。

例如：It’s such a good chance that you can’t miss it. 这次机会如此好，你不能失去它。

注意：

so…that 和such …that 都可以引导结果状语从句，注意so和such后面所接的词不同。

① such... that

such＋a(an)＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋that从句

such＋形容词＋复数名词/不可数名词＋that从句

He was such an honest man that he was praised by the teacher.

They are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again.

②但是如果名词前由many、much、few、little（少）等词修饰，则用so。例如：

He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.

他摔了很多跤，以致全身上下青一块，紫一块的。

③ so ... that

so＋形容词／副词.＋that从句

so＋形容词＋a(an)＋单数可数名词＋that从句

He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him. 他跑得非常快，没人能追上他。

Dr. Wang is so good that everybody loves and respects him.

=He is so good a doctor that everybody loves and respects him.

=He is such a good doctor that everybody loves and respects him.)

他是一位好医生，大家都尊敬并爱戴他。

E. 目的状语从句：表示目的。其连接词有：so（以便），so that（为了），in order that （为了）等，从句中多用情态动词can, will, may, should 等。

例如：He got up very early so that he could catch the first train.

他起床很早以便于赶第一班火车。

F. 条件状语从句：条件状语从句表示条件。其连接词有：if（如果），unless （如果不，除非），as long as（只要）等。

例如：If it is fine tomorrow, we will go swimming. 如果明天天气好的话我们去游泳。

注意：①条件状语从句中，一般要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。例如：Unless it rains, the game will be played. 如果不下雨，比赛就将进行。

② unless意思相当于if…not…。

G. 让步状语从句：常由though/although (虽然)，even if/ though (即使)等引导。

例如：Though it’s h ard work, I enjoy it. 尽管这是一件艰苦的工作，但我乐意做。

注意：①让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。例如：

Though he is young, he knows a lot.

Although I am tired, I must go on working.

②although(though)和but不能用在同一个句子中。例如：

我们不能说：Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.

应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out.

或It was raining hard, but he still went out.

【实例解析】答案：1-4：ADBB

宾：1-15:CBACC CCABA BADBC 状：1-15： B D B A D A A B B C C C C B B

【实例解析】

1.Y ou will stay healthy _______ you do more exercise, such as running and walking.

A. if

B. how

C. before

D. where

2.---Shall we go on working?

---Y es, _________ I prefer to have a rest.

A. when

B. if

C. because

D. though

3.None of us knew what had happened _________ they told us about it.

A. when

B. until

C. after

D. though

4.---I hope you’ll enjoy your trip, dear!

---Thank you, mum. I’ll give you a call _________ I get there.

A. until

B. as soon as

C. since

D. till

1.(2010 .河北中考Y our T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me ________?

A. where you buy it

B. where do you buy it

C. where you bought it

D. where did you buy it

2.(2010.盐城中考)—Excuse me .Could you tell me_____I can get to the Space Museum?

--Of course.Y ou can take bus No.1.

A.where

B.how

C.if

D.why

3.（2010.自贡中考）—Do you know ________the new mobile phone last week?

--Maybe 900 yuan. I’m not quite sure.

A.how much she paid for

B.how much will she pay for

C.how much did she pay for

4.(2010潍坊中考)Michael Jordan has failed over and over again in his life.And that’s ____ he succeeds .

A.what

B.when

C.why

D.where

5.(2010潍坊中考)Alice in Wonderland is a fantastic movie.It’s about ______.

A.how did Alice end the Red Queen’s reign of terror（恐怖统治）

B.what did Alice end the Red Queen’s reign of terror

C.how Alice ended the Red Queen’s reign of terror

D.what Alice ended the Red Queen’s reign of terror

6.（2010南京中考）—Do you know ________the girl in red is ?

--I’m not sure.Maybe a teacher.

A.when

B.how

C.where

D.what

7.(2010.无锡中考)—What did your parents thank about your decision?

--They always let me do_______I think I should.

A.when

B.that

C.how

D.what

8.(2010上海中考)I want to know ________.

A.when we should arrive at the airport

B.when should we arrive at the airport

C.when the airport we should arrive at

D.when the airport should we arrive at

9.（2010·晋江中考）--Would you please tell me __________?

--At 10:00 this evening.

A. when will the train leave

B. when the train will leave

C. when does the train leave

10.（2010成都中考）—Could you tell me________?

--Fill in this form and I will give you a card.

A.how I can meet Cathy

B.where I can meet Cathy

C.when I can meet Cathy

11. (2009南昌) –Do you know ________ the man with sunglasses is?

-I’m not sure. Maybe a reporter.

A. who

B. what

C. where

D. how

12. (2009·孝感中考) -Tommy, do you know if Frank ________ to the zoo this Sunday if it ________?

-Sorry, I have no idea.

A. will go; is fine

B. goes; is fine

C. will go; is going to be fine

D. goes; will be fine

13. (2009·东营中考) No one can be sure_________ in a million years.

A. what man looks like

B. what will man look like

C. what man looked like

D. what man will look like

14. (2009·德州中考) Sue told me that she _________ shopping with her sister the next day.

A. will go

B. would go

C. goes

D. has gone

15. (2009·河北中考) The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder _________.

A. how much it cost

B. how much did it cost

C. how much it costs

D. how much does it cost

状语从句练习：

1 The meeting didn't start___ everyone was there.

A. because

B. until

C. why

D. if

2 The boy ___ to bed ___ his mother came in.

A. went not; until

B. didn't go; after

C. went; until

D. didn't go; until

3 I won't believe you___ I have seen it with my own eyes.

A. before

B. until

C. after

D. when

4 He ___ home ___ she was satisfied ___ his answer yesterday.

A. didn't go; until; with

B. wasn't go; after; to

C. doesn't go; before; with

D. didn't go; until; to

5 He ___ back until the work ___ done.

A. isn't; will be

B. isn't; is

C. won't be; will be

D. won't be; is

6 They didn't start the work ___ their teacher came back.

A. until

B. while

C. as soon as

D. if

7 Betty didn't go to see the film yesterday ___ she was ill.

A. because

B. but

C. until

D. if

8 May I sit nearer___I can see more clearly?

A. as if

B. so that

C. even if

D. so

9 ___ you work hard, you will certainly succeed.

A. Though

B. If

C. Because

D. For

10___ he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in the study of English.

A. While

B. When

C. Since

D. After

11 I'd like to go swimming _____ the water is not too cold.

A. for

B. unless

C. if

D. whether

12 The dictionary is so expensive ___ I can't buy it.

A. because

B. when

C. that

D. if

13 I got there ___ late ___ I didn't see him.

A. too; to

B. such; that

C. so; that

D. so; as

14 It is ___ hot in the room ___ we have to go out for a walk.

A. such; that

B. so; that

C. as; as

D. such; as

15 He has___ an interesting book that we want to read it.

A. so

B. such

C. the same

D. as

宾语从句讲解

. 宾语从句 一、基本讲解 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词1. 的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。 eg. He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 2. 连接词 (1) 陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。eg. She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2) 以whether 或if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg. I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei . 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾语时只用whether 不用if eg. We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时，只用whether. eg. Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether to go or not? c. if当”如果”讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether. (3). 特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。

九年级英语宾语从句状语从句

中考英语练习宾语从句状语从句专项训练 、单项选择: 1、Do you know how much hot water A . Mum is needed B . does Mum need C . Mum needs D did Mum need 2、Can you tell me ? A . where he is B . where is he D . what is he to London? A . would they go B . are they going C . they would go D . they are going 4、I want to know how long A . has he been back B . has he come back C . he has been back D . he has come back 5、Do you know ? A . what the news are B . what is the news C . what the news is D . what are the news A. was B .will be C .would be D .i s 7 、 He will write to you as soon as he A .gets B . is getting C. will get D . .shall get 8 Father music when he young A .liked ?- was B . liked …is C .l ikes ??was D . likes …is 9 、I liked sports I was young. A .so much as B . so much that C .very much when D .very much because 10、 mother got home, I was tidying my room. A .After B .Whe n 6 、 He said he would help me with my maths if he free. to Shanghai. C . As soon as D .Before C . he is where 3、I didn ' t know how 11、The teacher didn ' t begin her class the students stopped talking. 12、If it A . until B . because C . after D . when tomorrow, we ' ll go to the Great wall. A . doesn' t rain B . won' t rain C . not rains 13、Could you tell me D . isn ' t rain we get to the plane?

如何区分定语从句、宾语从句和状语从句

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在这里，dog “狗子” 是先行词，即“走在定语从句前面的名词”；定语从句 that shits a lot 其中的 that，指 代了前面的 dog，告诉我们这是一条怎样的狗子：拉很多的狗子。 >> 宾语从句：作宾语的从句，放在动词或介词后面； 第一句，宾语从句为普通的陈述句，放在 think 这个动作后面，由连接词 that 引导。 第二句，宾语从句已经改成陈述句语序，原来人讲的话则是一般疑问句Do you let it go “你丫放不放手” ？该从句放在 depend on 的介词 on 后面，一般疑问句由 whether/ if 引导。 >> 状语从句：作状语的从句，给主句增加信息量。 状语从句，是3大从句中比较好记的一种：有个完整的主句，从句是提供更多信息的，比如上述例句告诉我们他为什么养狗。只要熟悉九大状语从句的引导词（← 戳可查看），几乎一眼就能辨别出状语从句。 02 当堂练习 现在，我们一起看几个句子找找感觉。请判断下列句子是定语从句，宾语从句还是状语从句？ >> 青铜 1. If it is fine tomorrow, I will visit you. 2. I helped an old man who lost his way.

宾语从句精讲

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最新宾语从句-状语从句练习题

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中考英语三大从句(宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句)

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地点状语与定语从句的区别

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(完整版)初中宾语从句详细讲解教师版

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注意 because不能和so 连用。 3.比较（方式）状语从句以than为引导连词。Jim is older than Lucy（is）. 吉姆比路希年长。 注意 than 引导的比较状语从句中的谓语常省略。 4.条件状语从句以if为引导连词。 If you eat bad food，you may be ill. 如果你吃到坏了的食物，就会生病。 注意 主句是将来时，从句用一般现在时。 5.让步状语从句 引导连词有though，although。 Although he is young，he knows a lot of things. 虽然他年龄小，但却认识许多事物。 注意 although，though不能和but连用。 6.目的状语从句

(完整版)状语从句和宾语从句练习

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