名词性从句教师文档

Noun Clauses

名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。

Practice time：指出下列各名词性从句的种类。

1. She wondered if the buses would still be running.

2. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.

3. She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat.

4. When we will start is not clear.

5. I had no idea that you were her friend.

从句一律保持陈述语序

名词性从句的格式为连接词加句子。

1.连接词有：that whether 和lf

2.连接代词有：who whom whose which what等

3.连接副词有：when where why how 等

另外whatever whoever whichever等也可以引导主语和宾语两种从句。

分类讲解名词性从句

?（一）以从句连词that,whether/if引导的名词性从句这类连词往往在句中不做成分；

只起_________，that本身没有词义，whether/if表“是否”之意。

?（01春招）What the doctors really doubt is______my brother will recover from the serious disease soon.

A.when

B.how

C.whether

D.why

?Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _______ a cure for AIDS will be found.

A. whether

B.which

C.that

D.what

【重点说明】

? 1.that在下列情况下中不能省略

?（1）引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句如：

?That he’ll come is certain.__________________

?The fact is that I have never been here.__________________

?The fact that she hadn’t said anything surprised all of us.___________________

?2）宾语从句若用that引导，that经常省略，但当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二和以下几个从句的that不可省略。

?I think(that)he’ll be all right in a few days.

?Li Yang ping explained to me(that)the force of gravity would change three times on our jouney and that the first change would be the most powerful

2.名词性从句只能使用whether，不用if的情况

?1）在______________________________。

?The question is whether the film is worth seeing.

?Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.

?The news whether our team has won the match is unknown.

?（2）作________________。例如：

?It all depends on whether they’ll support us.

?（3）后面紧接_________时。例如：

?We didn’t know whether or not she was ready.

?（4）与___________连用时。例如：

?I don’t know whether to stay or go.

二）连接代词

?以连接代词who,whom,what,which, whose whoever,whomever,whatever, whichever引导的名词性从句。这类连接词在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。

1、what,which引导的名词性从句

?1）what既指______,也可指______,相当于the thing(s)that...,the person(s)that...,

?the place(s)that...例如：

?①Thank you for the gift.This is exactly what I wanted.

?②He is no longer what he used to be.

?③A modern city has been set up in_______was a wasteland ten years ago.

? A.what B.which C.that D.where

?（2）which在名词性从句中指“哪一个”，是一种有范围的选择。比如：

?I read about it in some book or other,does it matter______it was?

? A.where B.what C.how D.which

who(m)ever,whatever,whichever引导的名词性从句

Whichever表示在一定范围内“无论哪一个”,

whatever无范围限制。比如：

?①_______leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.

? A.Anyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who

?②The ties are good in both quality and style,so she knows that_____she chooses will match her husband.

? A.whatever B.however C.what D.whichever

Whoever. Whatever. Whichever

?注：以上这三个引导词还可引导让步状语从句，引导让步状语从句时，也可换成no matter who(m),no matter what,no matter which且主从句之间常用“，”隔开。比如：?He would believe whatever I said（宾语从句）

?Whatever I said,he wouldn’t listen to me（让步状语从句）

?=No matter what I said,he wouldn’t listen to me.

（三）连接副词when,where,why,how

?以连接副词when,where,why,how引导的名词性从句。这类连接词在从句中作状语，比如：

?①（2004全国）You are saying that everyone should be equal and this is______I disagree.

? A.whether B.where C.what D.how

?注：连接副词when,how,where后也可加ever,意为“无论...”，但它们只能引导让步状语从句，就相当于no+matter+when/how/where

?比如：

?①You may come,whenever you want

?②However late he comes back,his wife will wait for him.

三、it可指主语从句和宾语从句

?（1）名词性从句作主语时，为保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语。例如：

?①It’s a pity that he didn’t come to give a speech.

?②______is known to us all that the old scientist,for______life was hard in the past,still

works hard in his eighties.

? A.As;whom B.What;whom C.It;whose D.It;whom

?（2）在许多带复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句常移到后面，而用it作形式宾语。例如：

?We think it possible that you can finish the job today.

四、同位语从句与定语从句的区别：

?1）同位语从句与定语从句都是跟在名词之后，定语从句对先行词起修饰、限制的作用，同位语从句具体说明它前面的名词的内容。比如：

?The news that you heard is not true.(______________从句)

?The news that our team has won is true.(______________从句)

?（2）that在定语从句中担任句子成分，是关系代词：that在同位语从句不担任句子成分，是从属连词。例如：

?The fact that we talked about is very important. (______________从句)

?The fact that we succeeded pleased everybody. (______________从句)

?是不是同位语从句的连接词一定是THA T?

?Do you have any idea _____they are talking about in the classroom?

?---Well, Overcoat Brother, I think.

? A that B what C as D which

?Mr. Hopkins has not yet answered my question ____ I can go with him to ____

?he calls the Underground Treasure House.

? A that which B that where C whether that D where what

?

?

?

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