2014年上海高考英语一模

2014年上海松江高三英语一模模拟试卷

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: Read the following passage and complete it with proper words or the proper form of given words.

(A)

In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or 25 (give) speeches.

In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject.

Generally, 26 , modern examinations are written. The written examination, 27 all students are tested on the same questions, was probably not known 28 the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase 29 population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, 30 (time) exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, appears like a group of workers at an automobile factory. Certainly, during examinations teachers and students 31 (expect) to act like machines.

One type of test is sometimes called as "objective" test. 32 is intended to deal with is facts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.

(B)

Computer technology has become a major part of people's lives. This technology has its own special words. One example is the word mouse. A computer mouse is not a small animal that lives in buildings and

mouse moves the pointer, or cursor, on the computer screen.

hackers. A hacker is usually a person who writes software programs in a special computer language. But the word hacker is also used to describe a person who tries to steal information from computer systems.

engine" for the Internet. People use the search engine to find information about almost any subject on the

g-o-o-g-o-l, is an extremely large number. It is the number one followed by one-hundred zeros.

When you "Google" a subject, you can get a large amount of information about it. Some people like to

name for a Web log. A blog is a personal Web page. It may contain stories, comments, pictures and links to

called bloggers.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used

One of the most common images of an advanced, Western-style culture is that of a busy, traffic-filled city. Since their first appearance on American roadways, automobiles have become a 41 of progress, a source of thousands of jobs and an almost inseparable 42 for citizens’ personal freedom of movement. In recent decades, our “love affair” with the car is being 43 directly to the developing world, and it is increasingly 44 that this transfer is leading to disaster.

American’s almost complete dependence on automobiles has been a terrible mistake. As late as the 1950s, a large percentage of the American public 45 mass transit（公共交通）. A 46 of public policy decisions and corporate scheming saw to it that countless 47 and efficient urban streetcar and intra-city rail systems were dismantled（废除）. Our air quality now suffers from the effects of pollutants

48 directly from our cars. Our lives have been planned along a road grid—homes far from work, shopping far from everything, with ugly stretches of concrete and blacktop（柏油马路）in between.

Western-style transportation systems down to the last detail. The

are often enlarged in developing nations. Pollution

nonexistent, leading to choking clouds of smog. Gasoline still

poisonous to humans. Movement in some cities comes to a virtual stop as motorized traffic competes with bicycles and pedestrians.

In addition to pollution and traffic jams, auto safety is a critical issue in developing nations.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Many parents are becoming increasingly dissatisfied with the current public education system. The coursework has systematically 51 in content and class sizes, typically consisting of 30 or more students, creates a situation where a lack of 52 among students sets the stage for bullying and even more dangerous events. The overcrowding of classrooms makes it difficult, if not impossible, for teachers to exercise adequate 53 .

All of these factors contribute to greater numbers of parents seeking an alternative education venue. Educating children at home is one of your best 54 . You need not have a teaching credential(证书) to home school. Every state has homeschooling programs, with a curriculum 55 the subjects you must cover and periodic testing that 56 a certain level of achievement equal to public school programs.

One wonderful thing about homeschooling is the range you have with respect to what you can add to the education of your child. While 57 the requirements of the state compulsory courses, your one-on-one environment allows for 58 , in-depth examinations of subject matter. Kids learn faster

and more easily when they can take their time and ask as many questions as they like. If your child is 59 with the subject matter, why not spend the entire school day on that subject? Tomorrow's another day.

On the other hand, there are bound to be some subjects which your child doesn't enjoy. You can break up the lesson into manageable chunks, 60 the boredom and frustration. The material will still be covered, in a manner that promotes learning and gets the tasks completed and understood. This ___61___ also helps a child's self-esteem. There's no peer pressure by other students which may cause your child to feel 'stupid', or falling asleep in class, 62 a poor grade and a lasting 63 for that subject. When it comes to educating children, one size does not fit all. So this is yet another of the 64 about homeschooling: your lessons can be customized to the specific needs of your child.

One major concern about homeschooling among parents is the 65 factor. Here's some good news: field trips organized through your homeschooling program provide many opportunities for social interaction. Community classes provide additional social interaction with peers.

51. A.improved B.raised C.switched D.declined

52. A.violence B.behavior C.discipline D.movement

53. A.supervision B.guidance C.instruction D.tutoring

54. A.ideas B.preferences C.guidelines D.choices

55. A.defining B.holding C.including D.consisting

56. A.illustrates B.conceals C.demonstrates D.lists

57. A.shouldering B.demanding C.fulfilling D.reserving

58. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/7c174626.html,prehensive B.single C.concrete D.virtual

59. A.anxious B.fascinated C.bored D.involved

60. A.turning B.enhancing C.strengthening D.reducing

61. A.manner B.approach C.concept D.basis

62. A.resulting in B.insisting on C.showing off D.putting on

63. A.confusion B.sickness C.dislike D.obsession

64. A.advantages B.conditions C.shortcomings D.factors

65. A.localization B.socialization C.globalization D.modernization

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

It was the summer of 1965. DeLuca, then 17 visited Peter Buck, a family friend. Buck asked DeLuca about his plans for the future. “I’m going to college, but I need a way to pay for it,” DeLuca recalls saying. Buck said, “You should open a sandwich shop.”

That afternoon, they agreed to be partners. And they set a goal: to open 32 stores in ten years. After doing some research, Buck wrote a check for $1,000. DeLuca rented a storefront (店面) in Connecticut, and when they couldn’t cover their start-up costs, Buck kicked in another $1,000.

But business didn’t go smoothly as they expected. DeLuca says, “After six months, we were doing

poorly, but we didn’t know how badly, because we didn’t have any financial controls.”All he and Buck knew was that their sales were lower than their costs.

DeLuca was managing the store and going to the University of Bridgeport at the same time. Buck was working at his day job as a nuclear physicist in New York. They’d meet Monday evenings and brainstorm ideas for keeping the business running.”We convinced ourselves to open a second store. We figured we could tell the public, “We are so successful, we are opening a second store.’” And they did－in the spring of 1966. Still, it was a lot of learning by trial and error.

But the partners’learn-as-you go approach turned out to be their greatest strength. Every Friday, DeLuca would drive around and hand-deliver the checks to pay their suppliers. “It probably took me two and a half hours and it wasn’t necessary, but as a result, the suppliers got to know me very well, and the personal relationships established really helped out,” DeLuca says.

And having a goal was also important. “There are so many problems that can get you down. You just have to keep working toward your goal,” DeLuca adds.

DeLuca ended up founding Subway Sandwich, the multimillion-dollar restaurant chain.

66. Which of the following is true of DeLuca?

A. He put money into the sandwich business.

B. He couldn’t pay for his college education before he opened the first sandwich shop.

C. He was studying at the University of Bridgeport in the summer of 1965.

D. It took him two and a half hours to pay his suppliers.

67. What can we learn about their first shop?

A. It stood at an unfavorable place.

B. It lowered the prices to promote sales.

C. It made no profits due to poor management.

D. It lacked control over the quality of sandwiches.

68. According to the passage, the underlined phrase “kicked in” means_______

A. open violently

B. contribute to some cause

C. pay some money

D. donate some money

69. What contributes most to their success according to the author?

A. Learning by trial and error.

B. Making friends with suppliers.

C. Finding a good partner.

D. Opening chain stores.

(B)

Hello and welcome to my free guitar lesson web site!

There are many hundreds of free guitar lessons here, most with video and

audio, and as you can imagine it's taken quite a lot of work for me to put it together. It's important to me to help everyone that wants to learn to play the guitar, not just those with money to spend on tuition, so I run it on an "honour system".

It relies on the honesty of its users to make a donation if they can afford to. Donations allow me to keep it free, so if you like what I'm doing here then please support the site, don't leave it for "everyone else": make a donation or buy some products. I bet the price of our products is really very reasonable. Price list is just

Wishing you love, peace and happiness (and many years of guitar fun!)

Justin

New Lesson Schedule!

I try my best to get new cool content for you as often as I can. At the moment there are 3 weekly series scheduled, plus other bits I get to along the way! Not every lesson will be to your taste but hopefully you'll find plenty to keep you busy in the 600+ lessons we have up already :) See the Lesson Index or just surf around!

Every Tuesday: New Pop / Acoustic / Beginners song.

Every Thursday: New Quick Tip.

Every Friday＆Sunday: New Rock Songbook song.

Every Saturday: Brief Introduction of Basic Music Theory

WE CAME AS STRANGERS (Justin's Band!)

My new band called WE CAME AS STRANGERS has just released our debut album Recipe For Adventure available now on iTunes and CD from our store!

70. We most probably read such an article when___________

A.reading a music magazine

B. attending a concert

C. browsing the web

D. attending a free guitar demo lesson

71.All of the following statements are true EXCEPT ___________.

A.Most of the free guitar lessons offered here are provided with video and audio.

B.The author is reluctant to help those with money to spend on tuition.

C.To keep the lesson free, the potential lessoners had better make a donation or buy some products.

D.The users can learn New Quick Tip every Thursday within the schedule.

72. Mike，a regular high school student who want to learn guitar as a total beginner, should choose________.

A. New Rock Songbook song

B. New Quick tip

C. New Acoustic song

D. Brief Introduction of Basic Music Theory

73. If an enthusiast of WE CAME AS STRANGERS means to get a whole set of guitar equipment here, he

at least should pay_______________.

A. 370

B. 105

C. ＄220

D.255

(C)

Psychiatrists (精神病专家) who work with older parents say that maturity can be an asset（资产，优点）in child raising- older parents are more thoughtful, use less physical discipline and spend more time with their children. But raising kids takes money and energy. Many older parents find themselves balancing their limited financial resources, declining energy and failing health against the growing demands of an active child. Dying and leaving young children is probably the older parents' biggest, and often unspoken fear. “Having late-life children often means parents, particularly fathers, end up retiring much later. For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream.” says Brandy Gabrielle, an economics professor.

Henry Metcalf. a 54-year-old journalist, knows it takes money to raise kids. But he's also worried that his energy will give out first. Sure, he can still ride bikes with his athletic fifth grader, but he's learned that young at heart doesn't mean young. Lately he's been taking afternoon naps (午睡) to keep up his energy. "My body is aging," says Metcalf. "You can't get away from that."

Often, older parents hear the ticking of another kind of biological clock. Therapists who work with middle-aged and older parents say fears about aging are nothing to laugh at. "They worry they'll be mistaken for grandparents, or that they'll need help getting up out of those little chairs in nursery school," says Joann Galst, a New York psychologist. But at the core（核心）of those little fears there is often a much bigger one: "that they won't be alive long enough to support and protect their child," she says.

Many late-life parents, though, say their children came at just the right time. After marrying late and undergoing years of fertility treatment, Marilyn Nolen and her husband. Randy, had twins. "We both wanted children," says Marilyn, who was 55 when she gave birth. The twins have given the couple what they desired for years——a sense of family. Kids of older dads are often smarter, happier and more sociable because their fathers are more involved in their lives. 'The dads are older, more mature," says Dr. Silber, "and more ready to focus on parenting."

74. The reason why psychiatrists regard maturity as an asset in child raising is that_______

A. older parents are often better prepared financially.

B. older parents can better balance their resources against children's demands.

C. older parents are usually more experienced in bringing up their children.

D. older parents tend to show more concern for their children.

75. According to Brandy Gabrielle, Which one of the following statements about old parents is Not True?

A. They stick to their jobs even though it is time for them to retire.

B. Retirement on schedule is merely a dream for them.

C. They can't get full pension unless they work some extra years.

D. They have to go on working beyond their retirement age.

76. Which word is the closest to the underlined word in the last paragraph?

A. recovery

B. pregnancy

C. psychology

D. function

77. What do we learn about Marilyn and Randy Enol?

A. Not until they had the twins did they feel they had formed a family.

B. They thought it was too late to have children in their fifties.

C. When they reached middle age, they thought of having children.

D. They believed that children born of older parents would be smarter.

Section C

Directions: Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

We expect companies selling products to make them as available as possible. But now some of them are bringing back rationing(定量供应). As you might expect, it's all part of a plan to make us spend more, not less.

Butter, bacon, sugar, tea and meat were rationed in Britain during World War II, because goods at that time were scarce, and hard to get for all. But nowadays because of industrial mass production, factories all over the world are pumping out bright and beautiful objects.

When everyone has to wait and save up for new things, owning them feels exciting and special. But when lovely things are available every day, they stop being a treat. The other characteristic of consumer society is that we aim for social distinction through what we own. But if everyone has lots of things, how can we impress anyone with our purchases? All of this takes the fun out of shopping and means there's a limit to how much consumerism can grow.

This is deeply worrying to companies, and some of them have started to fight it, by creating artificial scarcity(短缺). For example, Swedish rapper Adam Tensta has limited access to his latest track. Only one person at a time can access it, and fans must take their place in a digital queue.

This trend means we can again own something rare. But the risk for these companies is that in a world of so many things, if they make their products too hard to get, we'll just buy from someone else instead. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN ELEVEN WORDS.)

78.The company makes us spend more, not less by______________________________

79. What are the two characteristics of consumer society? (altogether no more than 11 words)

①②_________________________

80. What is the risk for the companies creating artificial scarcity ?

______________________________________________________

81. According to the article, the author may advise the companies to

______________________________________________________

第Ⅱ卷

I. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

82. 他一走进放映厅，电影就开始了。(Hardly)

83. 大众媒体使我们了解每天发生的各样事情。(inform)

84. 他致力于研究，经常从早到晚地在实验室里工作。(devote)

85. 在如何处理废旧书本的问题上，我们俩的观点不谋而合。(happen)

86. 很多国家正采取积极的措施研发新型汽车，以应对能源危机。(face)

II. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English

Chinese.

目前，网络语言（Internet

行了调查，调查结果见下面饼状图（

看法，并表达你自己的观点。

25%使网上聊天更

快捷方便

2014年上海高考英语一模模拟试卷(A卷)参考答案II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

25. giving 26. however 27.where 28.until 29 in 30. timed 31. are expected 32 .what 33. That 34. Using 35. are called 36.Another 37.because 38. how 39.shortened 40. to Section B

41-45 DIBFK 46-50 JHECG

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

51-55 DCADA 56-60 CCABD 61-65 BACAB

Section B

66-69 BCCA 70-73 CBDC 74-77 DCBA

Section C

78. bringing back rationing

79. ①Lovely things are available every day.

②People aim for social distinction.

80. They may lose some customers.

81. think twice before creating artificial scarcity

第Ⅱ卷

I. Translation

82. Hardly had he stepped/walked into the projection room when the film began.

83. The mass media keep us informed of what is happening every day.

84. He is devoted to research and always works in the lab from morning till night.

85. We both happen to hold the same opinion about how to deal with the used books.

Both of us happen to agree with each other on how to deal with the used books.

86. Many countries are taking active measures to research and develop the new type of cars in order to face

the energy crisis.

II. Guided Writing

(略)