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2018年高考英语真题与模拟类编：专题08-语法填空(含答案)

2018年高考及最新模拟分类汇编之语法填空

2018年高考语法填空

【2018·全国I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

According to a review of evidence in a medical journal,runners live three years___61___(long)than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long___62___(see)the benefit.You may drink,smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of___63___(die)early by running.While running regularly cann't make you live forever,the review says it___64___(be)more effective at lengthening life___65___walking,cycling or swimming.Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in2014___66___showed a mere five to10minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all___67___(cause).

The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do.But otherwise…it's probably running.To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to___68___(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes.Running is cheap,easy and it's always___69___(energy).If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give___70___a try.

【答案】61.longer

62.to see63.dying

64.is65.than

66.that\which

67.causes68.strength

69.energetic

70.it\running

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了跑步的好处，它可以帮助人们延年益寿。

61.考查副词的比较级。医学报告显示：经常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根据than可知用比较级，故填longer。

62.考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑地太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语，故填to see。

63.考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。

64.考查动词的时态。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时。故填is。

65.考查比较句型。跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。根据文章中的more effective可知此处

填than。

点睛：本文比较难的一个题是10题。短语give it a try不容易想出来。give a try试试。Give sb sth；give sth to sb这些短语学生都很清楚。但give后加it或sth的形式，比较少见。高考复习要尽可能多的复习相关的短语，尤其是用的比较多，而课本中出现较少的短语。

【2018·全国II】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Diets have changed in China—and so too has its top crop.Since2011,the country___61___（grow）more corn than rice.Corn production has jumped nearly125percent over___62___past25years,while rice has increased only7percent.

A taste for meat is___63___(actual)behind the change:An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs,and cattle.Another reason for corn's rise:The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice

___64___(improve)water quality.Corn uses less water___65___rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥)runoff.This switch has decreased___66___(pollute)in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.

According to the World Bank,China accounts for about30percent of total___67___(globe)fertilizer consumption.The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between2005—when the government___68___(start) a soil-testing program___69___gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers-and2011,fertilizer use dropped by7.7million tons.That prevented the emission(排放)of51.8million tons of carbon dioxide.China's approach to protecting its environment while___70___(feed)its citizens"offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide."says the bank's Juergen Voegele.

【答案】61.has grown

62.the63.actually

64.to improve

65.than66.pollution

67.global68.started

69.that/which

70.feeding

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文中讲述了中国为保护环境在农作物种植上做了一些变化并得到了世界上的知名认识的认可。

61.考查时态。since加时间点，主句要用现在完成时。句意：2011年以来，中国种植的玉米比水稻多。故填has grown。

62.考查冠词。句意：玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%，而大米只增长了7%。故是特指在过去的25年里。故填the。

67.考查词性转换。句意：中国约占全球化肥总消费量的30%。fertilizer consumption是名词短语，故应该用形容词修饰。故填global。

68.考查谓语动词。句意：在2005年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目。本句是when引导的定语从句，由于时间是2005年，故用过去时。故填started。

69.考查定语从句关系词。根据空后的谓语动词gives可知，该空缺少主语，指代program并且引导后面的句子。指物用that/which，故填that或者which。

70.考查省略句。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略掉了China is，省略句的原则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、，让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时，那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。故填feeding。

点睛：学会分析句子成分。The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between2005-when the government started a soil-testing program which/that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers-and2011，fertilizer use dropped by7.7million tons.这句话中有两个定语从句。一个是关系副词when引导的定语从句，先行词是2005，the government是主语，a soil-testing program是宾语，故此空缺少谓语动词，我们可以看出时态是一般过去时。另一个是关系代词指代program引导的定语从句，先行词是program，gives是第三人称谓语动词，

可以看出是考查关系词。代指物并作主语，关系词要用that/which。

【2018·全国III】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

I'm not sure_____61_____is more frightened,me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere.I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic.Unexpectedly,I'm face-to-face with the gorilla,who begins screaming at____62____top of her lungs.That makes her baby scream,and then a400-pound male appears.He screams the

___63___(loud)of all.The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.I quickly lower myself,ducking my head to avoid____64____(look)directly into his eyes so he doesn't

feel____65____(challenge).

My name is Mireya Mayor.I'm a___66___(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.I was searching___67___these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing.No one had seen them for hours,and my colleagues and I were worried.

When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was just glad to find____68____(they)alive.True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature,the huge animal____69____(mean)me no real harm.He was just saying:"I'm king of this forest,and here is your reminder!"Once his message was delivered,he allowed me____70____(stay)and watch.

【答案】61.which

62.the63.loudest

64.looking

65.challenged

66.scientist

67.for68.them

69.meant70.to stay

【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在中非偶遇大猩猩，彼此惊恐的经历。

61.考查宾语从句。句意：我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which表示“哪一个”

66.考查名词。根据语境可知，我是一名科学家。scientist科学家。

67.考查动词短语搭配。search for是固定搭配，表示“寻找”，表示“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。

68.考查代词。此处做find的宾语，所以用宾格them。

69.考查谓语动词。分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用meant。

70.考查非谓语动词。固定短语allow sb to do允许某人做某事，应该用to stay。

【点睛】此题考查固定搭配较多，其中第2,4,7，10都为固定搭配，对于这类题目我们需要熟练掌握动词的固定搭配以及介词短语。而此题的第一题则考查从句，对于从句我们可以通过分析句子成分确定连接词的选择。如本题为宾语从句，宾语从句中缺主语，所以应该从连接代词who，whom，what，which，whose，再根据指人做主语可判断用which。

【2018·浙江】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese___56___(dish)is seen as especially troublesome.Many westerners___57___come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap___58___can be to eat out.I still remember___59___(visit)a friend who’d lived here for five years and I___60___(shock)when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.

While regularly eating out seems to___61___(become)common for many young people in recent years,it’s not without a cost.The obvious one is money;eating out once or twice a week may be___62___(afford)but doing this most days adds up.There could be an even___63___(high)cost on your health.Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in___64___(weigh) problems.

If you are not going to suffer this problem,then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home

___65___dinner,get a few cooking tips from her.Cooking food can be fun.You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.

【答案】56.dishes

57.who/that

58.it59.visiting

60.was shocked

61.have become

62.affordable

63.higher64.weight

65.for

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全国卷高考英语语法填空专项训练语法填空练习一 With the 1________ (develop) of industry, air pollution is getting more and more serious. In Beijing, many people suffer different kinds of illnesses because 2______ air pollution. Air pollution is caused by the following 3_____(reason): about half of the problem is caused by vehicles. There are more and more cars, buses on the roads, and they give off 4________ (poison) gases. 25% of air pollution is caused by factories. Another factor is the smokers. Smoking not only does harm to their health 5______ to others. 6_______ these, about 10%of air pollution is caused by other reasons. We should take some measures to fight 7______ pollution. New fuel can be used to take 8______place of gas. We can plant more trees. If everybody realizes the 9________ (important) of environment and does something to stop pollution, the problem will 10_________ (solve). 语法填空练习二 We often think of future. We often wonder 1 the world will be like in a hundred years’ time. Think of space. Perhaps a permanent station on 2 moon will 3 (set) up. Perhaps people will be able to visit the moon as 4 _ (visit). Cheap rockets for space travel will have been developed, 5 in space and visiting 6 planets. Great progress will have been made 7 medicine, too. Pollution will have been controlled in a hundred years’ time. 8 the world will have been developed—even Antarctica. We will have used up most of the earth’s land to build our cities, 9 floating cities will have been built. The Japanese have already plans of this kind. And there will be cities 10 the sea. 语法填空练习三 In the United States, there were 222 people 1 (report) to be billionaires in 2003. The 2 (rich)of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $41 billion, who made his money 3 Mr Gates was only 21 years old 4 5 the time he was 31. 6 , there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even 7 (young) ages like Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. 8 of these child actors made over a million dollars 9 (act) in movies before they were 14. But 10 youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn and Taxis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited a billion dollars when he turned 18. 语法填空练习四 Most Americans don’t like to get advice 1 members of their family. They get advice from “ 2 (strange).” When they need advice, they don’t usually go to people they know. Instead，many of 3 write letters to newspapers and magazines 4 give advice on many different subjects 5 (include) family problems, the use of language, health, cooking, child care, clothes, 6 even on how to buy a house or a car. Most newspapers 7 (regular) print letters from readers with problems. Along with the letters there are 8 (answer)written by people who are supposed to know how to solve such problems. Some of these writers are doctors. 9 are lawyers or educators. But two of the most famous writers of advice are women without special 10 (train) for this kind of work. 语法填空练习五

高考英语语法填空真题及答案

高考英语语法填空真题及答案 Updated by Jack on December 25,2020 at 10:00 am

历年高考语法填空真题 1. (2018全国卷I)阅谈下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 62 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 ________ (die) early by running. While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉)，avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 69 (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try. 2. (2018全国卷II)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Diets have changed in china-and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 61____ (grow) more corn than rice。 Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over __62 __ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is 63 _____(actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64_________(improve) water quality. Corn uses less water _65_____ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥)runoff. This switch has decreased 66________ (pollute)in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67______(globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government 68______ (start) a soil-testing program 69_________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers- and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 70 _____ (feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank's Juergen Voegele. 3. (2018全国卷III)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I'm not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes